CN210294178U - System for measuring three-dimensional radiation sound field of ultrasonic transducer based on EMAT - Google Patents
System for measuring three-dimensional radiation sound field of ultrasonic transducer based on EMAT Download PDFInfo
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- CN210294178U CN210294178U CN201920280199.6U CN201920280199U CN210294178U CN 210294178 U CN210294178 U CN 210294178U CN 201920280199 U CN201920280199 U CN 201920280199U CN 210294178 U CN210294178 U CN 210294178U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a system for measure ultrasonic transducer three-dimensional radiation sound field based on EMAT, the system includes: the device comprises a mechanical moving device, an ultrasonic transducer to be tested, a plurality of test blocks with different thicknesses, an electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer and an excitation module; the ultrasonic transducer to be tested and the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the test block; the excitation module is electrically connected with the tested ultrasonic transducer and is used for exciting the tested ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic waves in the test block; the mechanical moving device is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer and controls the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer to move in a preset scanning area on the surface of the test block according to a preset scanning step and a preset scanning path; the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer collects ultrasonic waves by scanning. The utility model discloses a system simple structure, easily operation and installation can be applied to and utilize electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer to the measurement of ultrasonic transducer three-dimensional radiation sound field for measurement sensitivity is higher, is difficult for receiving the influence of noise, and measuring result is accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an supersound nondestructive test field, concretely relates to measure ultrasonic transducer three-dimensional radiation sound field technique indicates a system based on EMAT measures ultrasonic transducer three-dimensional radiation sound field especially.
Background
In the ultrasonic nondestructive testing, how to quickly and accurately acquire the position and the size of a defect and ensure the accuracy and the reliability of a testing result are always important research contents in the nondestructive testing. The traditional ultrasonic detection method utilizes a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer, namely utilizes the piezoelectric effect of a piezoelectric crystal to excite ultrasonic waves, and the mode has the advantages of strong excitation signals, high detection sensitivity and the like. However, the ultrasonic wave in the piezoelectric ultrasonic detection method is excited in the piezoelectric crystal, and the ultrasonic wave has serious energy loss when being transmitted in the air. Therefore, in order to reduce the loss of ultrasonic energy in the air in the piezoelectric ultrasonic detection method, a couplant needs to be coated between the piezoelectric crystal and the block to be tested to ensure acoustic impedance matching, so that the ultrasonic energy can be smoothly transmitted to the block to be tested from the piezoelectric crystal.
From the above analysis, it can be seen that the ultrasonic transducer is a key component for realizing ultrasonic excitation and reception, and is an important component in the whole ultrasonic detection system, that is, the performance of the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer or the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer is one of the keys affecting the accuracy and reliability of the ultrasonic nondestructive detection. Further, for the designers of ultrasonic transducers, it is desirable to design transducers with different radiated sound fields to meet different field test requirements; for the personnel using the ultrasonic transducer, the radiation sound field of the ultrasonic transducer is an important basis for setting up the detection process in the actual detection. Therefore, in order to ensure the detection accuracy and reliability, both in the design and use of the ultrasonic transducer, the distribution characteristics of the radiation sound field of the ultrasonic waves excited by the ultrasonic transducer need to be known accurately, that is, the radiation sound field of the ultrasonic transducer needs to be measured actually. The traditional ultrasonic transducer sound field measuring method has two methods: however, the two methods are relatively complex in experimental measurement system, which results in low sensitivity, and cannot accurately reflect the radiation sound field characteristics of ultrasonic waves propagated in the detected workpiece, and also have the problems of large influence from noise, inaccurate measurement result, and the like.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problem that the measurement system of traditional ultrasonic transducer sound field exists, the embodiment of the utility model provides a system based on EMAT measures ultrasonic transducer three-dimensional radiation sound field, the system includes: the device comprises a mechanical moving device, an ultrasonic transducer to be tested, a plurality of test blocks with different thicknesses, an electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer and an excitation module;
the tested ultrasonic transducer and the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the test block;
the excitation module is electrically connected with the tested ultrasonic transducer and is used for exciting the tested ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic waves in the test block;
the mechanical moving device is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer and controls the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer to move in a preset scanning area on the surface of the test block according to a preset scanning step and a preset scanning path;
the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer collects the ultrasonic waves through scanning.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the mechanical moving device is a three-coordinate mechanical sliding table or a manipulator.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the excitation module includes a signal generator and a power amplifier; and the power amplifier amplifies the excitation signal sent by the signal generator and then sends the amplified excitation signal to the tested ultrasonic transducer.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a receiving module, connected to the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer, for receiving the ultrasonic waves collected by the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the receiving module includes a controller, a signal collector, and a signal amplifier; the signal amplifier amplifies the ultrasonic waves collected by the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer; and the signal collector receives the amplified ultrasonic waves and sends the amplified ultrasonic waves to the controller, so that the controller determines the three-dimensional radiation sound field distribution of the ultrasonic transducer to be tested.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes an optical horizontal platform for fixing the measured ultrasonic transducer.
The utility model discloses measure system simple structure of ultrasonic transducer three-dimensional radiation sound field, easily operation and installation can be applied to and utilize electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer to the measurement of ultrasonic transducer three-dimensional radiation sound field for measurement sensitivity is higher, is difficult for receiving the influence of noise, and measuring result is accurate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for measuring a three-dimensional radiation sound field of an ultrasonic transducer based on an EMAT according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of the width of sound beam of the radiation sound field in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a sound pressure diagram of the radiation sound field axis in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the utility model provides a system for measure ultrasonic transducer three-dimensional radiation sound field based on EMAT.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The core of the electromagnetic ultrasonic detection technology is an electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer which mainly comprises three parts: a magnet, a coil, and a conductor or a magnetic material to be detected. The working principle of the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer is as follows: the magnet generates a bias magnetic field, high-frequency alternating current is introduced into the coil, eddy current is induced on the surface of the detected material, and the surface of the detected material is excited under the action of the bias magnetic field to generate ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic nondestructive detection is realized by utilizing an electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT), and the method has the advantages of high precision, no need of a coupling agent, non-contact, suitability for high-temperature detection, easiness in exciting various ultrasonic waveforms and the like. Among them, it is noted that the detected conductor or the magnetic conductive material is an indispensable component for implementing transduction of the EMAT.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a system for measuring a three-dimensional radiation sound field of an ultrasonic transducer based on an EMAT, where the system shown in the figure includes: the device comprises a mechanical moving device 14, an ultrasonic transducer 12 to be tested, a plurality of test blocks 11 with different thicknesses, an electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer 13 and an excitation module;
the tested ultrasonic transducer 12 and the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer 13 are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the test block 11;
the excitation module is electrically connected with the ultrasonic transducer 12 to be tested and is used for exciting the ultrasonic transducer 12 to generate ultrasonic waves in the test block 11;
the mechanical moving device 14 is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer 13, and controls the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer 13 to move in a preset scanning area 15 on the surface of the test block 11 according to a preset scanning step and a preset scanning path;
the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer 13 collects the ultrasonic waves by scanning.
In this embodiment, the test block is made of a conductive or magnetic conductive material, and the ultrasonic transducer to be tested is a transducer capable of exciting stress waves such as ultrasonic waves, surface waves, and ultrasonic guided waves.
As an embodiment of the utility model, mechanical mobile device is three-coordinate mechanical slip table or manipulator.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the excitation module includes a signal generator and a power amplifier; and the power amplifier amplifies the excitation signal sent by the signal generator and then sends the amplified excitation signal to the tested ultrasonic transducer.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a receiving module, connected to the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer, for receiving the ultrasonic waves collected by the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer.
In this embodiment, the receiving module includes a controller, a signal collector, and a signal amplifier; the signal amplifier amplifies the ultrasonic waves collected by the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer; and the signal collector receives the amplified ultrasonic waves and sends the amplified ultrasonic waves to the controller, so that the controller determines the three-dimensional radiation sound field distribution of the ultrasonic transducer to be tested. Wherein the controller may be a computer.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprises an optical horizontal platform for fixing the ultrasonic transducer to be measured.
The utility model discloses a concrete embodiment will detect the test block that the metal test block falls into different thickness in the thickness direction, is L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 … … respectively at the regional test block thickness of radiation sound field near-field, and the regional test block thickness of far-field is Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5 … …. The ultrasonic excitation receiving mode adopts a one-transmitting-one-receiving mode, namely, ultrasonic signals of the ultrasonic transducer to be detected on test blocks with different thicknesses are scanned and received through the ultrasonic transducer to obtain two-dimensional distribution maps of radiation sound fields of the ultrasonic transducer to be detected in different depth directions, and the two-dimensional distribution of the radiation sound fields of all the thicknesses are superposed to draw the change of the radiation sound fields in the thickness direction. And drawing a change curve of sound beams and sound pressure in the radiation sound field along with the propagation distance by extracting the image information of each radiation sound field.
Specifically, the utility model discloses a system adopts the mode of receiving (Pitch-Catch) when measuring, and the ultrasonic transducer that is surveyed and electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer set up respectively on two relative surfaces along test block thickness direction promptly, for example by ultrasonic transducer and test block lower surface contact, electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer then sets up in the test block upper surface. During measurement, an excitation signal is output by the signal generator, the excitation signal is input into the ultrasonic transducer to be measured after being amplified by the power amplifier, ultrasonic waves are generated by excitation and are propagated in the test block to be measured, the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer (EMAT) positioned on the other surface of the test block is used for receiving the ultrasonic waves on the surface of the test block, the received signal is amplified by the signal amplifier, collected by the signal collector, stored by the computer and subjected to post-processing. The system also comprises a mechanical moving device which mainly has the function of carrying the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer to perform scanning motion on the surface of the test block so as to realize the distribution measurement of the two-dimensional radiation sound field on the surface of the test block and mainly comprises a horizontal platform, a mechanical moving device and the like.
Further, the utility model discloses a system measurement process includes: (1) an ultrasonic test material object is determined. Namely, the propagation medium of the ultrasonic wave when the ultrasonic transducer radiates the sound field is determined, namely, the test block material adopted in the measurement is determined.
(2) And determining a radiation sound field measurement range. Determining the depth of a radiation sound field to be tested, and setting a thickness sequence of a test block for tomography;
(3) and installing the tested ultrasonic transducer, the test block and the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer (receiving EMAT). The setting mode of the tested sensor and the receiving EMAT is a one-shot mode, and the tested sensor, the test block and the receiving EMAT are installed according to the mode.
(4) And (4) scanning and setting. According to the measurement requirement of the radiation sound field, determining the measurement range on the section of each test block, setting the scanning area and the scanning step pitch of each layer of the test block, and planning the scanning path.
(5) Two-dimensional radiated sound field scanning. Exciting the tested ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic waves in the test block, and controlling the receiving EMAT to scan the radiation sound field of the tested ultrasonic transducer on the surface of the test block according to the set scanning path.
(6) And (5) replacing the test block and repeating the step (5). And replacing test blocks with different thicknesses, and performing two-dimensional radiated sound scanning on the test block with each thickness until the test block with all the series of thicknesses is scanned.
(7) And (6) post-processing the data. The two-dimensional radiation sound field distribution characteristics of the ultrasonic transducer to be measured under each thickness are obtained by post-processing the signals obtained by receiving EMAT scanning, and then the three-dimensional radiation sound field distribution of the ultrasonic transducer to be measured in the whole thickness direction can be obtained.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the measured ultrasonic transducer is used as an EMAT, which is an implementation case and is used for measuring the radiation sound field. Specifically, the utility model discloses a system includes: one part of the ultrasonic signal receiving system consists of a signal ultrasonic excitation system consisting of a tested annular coil EMAT, a signal generator, a power amplifier and test blocks with different thicknesses, and an ultrasonic signal receiving system consisting of a receiving EMAT, a signal amplifier, a signal collector, a computer and the like. The other part is mechanical scanning, and consists of an optical horizontal table and a three-coordinate mechanical horizontal sliding table, wherein the stroke range of an X, Y, Z shaft of the three-coordinate mechanical horizontal sliding table is 500 multiplied by 500 mm.
(1) The material object of ultrasonic detection is metal material Aluminum (AL).
(2) And measuring the annular coil EMAT. The measurement depth of a radiation sound field is 40mm, and the sequences of tomographic thickness test blocks are set to be 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 20mm, 30mm and 40 mm.
(3) And a receiving EMAT is arranged on a Z shaft of a three-coordinate mechanical horizontal sliding table, and an annular coil EMAT is fixedly arranged on an optical level through a clamp. The center of the receiving EMAT is aligned with the center of the annular EMAT by adjustment. The test block is arranged between the two transducers, the lower surface of the test block is contacted with the EMAT of the tested annular coil, and the upper surface of the test block is contacted with the receiving EMAT. The point of intersection of the transducer center and the upper surface of the test block serves as the origin of the scanning coordinates.
(4) And (3) taking the diffusivity of a radiation sound field of the transducer into consideration, selecting a test block (with the thickness of 40 mm) at the maximum depth for B scanning, and determining an acquisition region. B scanning is carried out on the scanning coordinate along the X-axis direction, the step pitch is 1mm, and the distribution of the annular coil EMAT radiation sound field on the central line is obtained through analysis. Finally, the scanning area of each layer thickness test block is determined to be 27mm multiplied by 27mm, the scanning path adopts snake-shaped scanning, the scanning step distance is 1mm, namely the scanning step distance in X, Y is 1mm in both directions.
(5) Tomography of radiation sound field. The control signal generator generates a Hanning window modulation sine wave with 3 periods and the center frequency of 3.5MHz as an excitation signal, the Hanning window modulation sine wave is amplified by the power amplifier and then input into the annular coil EMAT, and the annular coil EMAT is excited to generate ultrasonic waves in the test block. And controlling the receiving EMAT to realize point-by-point scanning in the scanning area, receiving the ultrasonic signals of the upper surface of the test block at each scanning point by the receiving EMAT, amplifying the ultrasonic signals by a signal amplifier, collecting the ultrasonic signals by a signal collector, and transmitting the ultrasonic signals to a computer for storage.
(6) And (5) replacing test blocks with different thicknesses, and repeating the step (5) until all the test blocks with different thicknesses are scanned.
(7) And (6) post-processing the data. The permanent magnet in the EMAT provides a static bias magnetic field, and the size of the static magnetic field can influence the radiation sound field of the EMAT. The test block is made of non-ferromagnetic aluminum material, receives a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet in the EMAT, and can be superposed with the magnetic field in the annular coil EMAT, so that the radiation sound field of the annular coil EMAT is influenced. And the influence coefficients of the EMAT at different positions are different in the process of receiving the scanning motion of the EMAT. For test blocks with different thicknesses, the influence coefficients are different, so that corresponding compensation needs to be performed on the measurement results when the test blocks with different thicknesses are measured.
(8) And (4) compensating the originally received data by using the compensation curve to obtain the echo amplitude after correction and compensation, and obtaining the two-dimensional radiation sound field distribution under different thicknesses.
(9) And performing interpolation calculation on the measured radiation sound field by using a three-dimensional interpolation algorithm to obtain a three-dimensional radiation sound field.
(10) As shown in fig. 2, the beam width of a three-dimensional radiation sound field excited by a loop coil EMAT in the thickness direction varies with the propagation distance.
(11) As shown in fig. 3, the signal amplitude of the central point of the scanning area in each thickness AL block is extracted to draw a sound pressure curve of the ring coil on the axis of the radiated sound field excited in the AL block.
The utility model discloses measure system simple structure of ultrasonic transducer three-dimensional radiation sound field, easily operation and installation can be applied to and utilize electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer to the measurement of ultrasonic transducer three-dimensional radiation sound field for measurement sensitivity is higher, is difficult for receiving the influence of noise, and measuring result is accurate.
The above-mentioned embodiments, further detailed description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A system for measuring a three-dimensional radiation sound field of an ultrasonic transducer based on an EMAT (acoustic emission tomography), which is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a mechanical moving device, an ultrasonic transducer to be tested, a plurality of test blocks with different thicknesses, an electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer and an excitation module;
the tested ultrasonic transducer and the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the test block;
the excitation module is electrically connected with the tested ultrasonic transducer and is used for exciting the tested ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic waves in the test block;
the mechanical moving device is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer and controls the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer to move in a preset scanning area on the surface of the test block according to a preset scanning step and a preset scanning path;
the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer collects the ultrasonic waves through scanning.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the mechanical movement device is a three-coordinate mechanical slide or a robot.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the excitation module comprises a signal generator and a power amplifier; and the power amplifier amplifies the excitation signal sent by the signal generator and then sends the amplified excitation signal to the tested ultrasonic transducer.
4. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a receiving module connected to the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer for receiving the ultrasonic waves collected by the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the receiving module comprises a controller, a signal collector and a signal amplifier; the signal amplifier amplifies the ultrasonic waves collected by the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer; and the signal collector receives the amplified ultrasonic waves and sends the amplified ultrasonic waves to the controller, so that the controller determines the three-dimensional radiation sound field distribution of the ultrasonic transducer to be tested.
6. The system of claim 1, further comprising an optical leveling stage for holding the ultrasound transducer under test.
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| CN201920280199.6U CN210294178U (en) | 2019-03-05 | 2019-03-05 | System for measuring three-dimensional radiation sound field of ultrasonic transducer based on EMAT |
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| CN201920280199.6U CN210294178U (en) | 2019-03-05 | 2019-03-05 | System for measuring three-dimensional radiation sound field of ultrasonic transducer based on EMAT |
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Effective date of registration: 20220422 Address after: Rooms 601, 602, 603, 605 and 608, 6 / F, No. 28, North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020 Patentee after: ZHONGTE Inspection Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100013, Heping Street, Beijing, Xiyuan, No. 2, Chaoyang District Patentee before: CHINA SPECIAL EQUIPMENT INSPECTION AND Research Institute |