CN210036591U - Three-dimensional color dynamic imaging device based on frequency domain OCT technology - Google Patents
Three-dimensional color dynamic imaging device based on frequency domain OCT technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a three-dimensional color dynamic imaging device based on frequency domain OCT technology, which comprises a spectrum optical coherence tomography system, an image cross-correlation system and a computer processing terminal; the spectral optical coherence tomography system comprises: the device comprises a first light source, a first optical fiber coupler, a first collimator, a first focusing lens, a reflector, a second light source, a second optical fiber coupler, a polarization controller, a second collimator, a two-dimensional galvanometer system, a third collimator, a grating, a second focusing lens and a CCD camera; the image cross-correlation system includes: a dichroic mirror, a spectroscope, a third light source and a color camera; the utility model discloses a spectrum optics coherent chromatography scanning system and image cross correlation system realize three-dimensional colored formation of image, and the imaging precision reaches the micron level, and resolution ratio is high, and scanning speed is fast simultaneously, and the scanning distance is long.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a three-dimensional imaging technology field, more specifically say and relate to a three-dimensional colored dynamic imaging device based on frequency domain OCT technique.
Background
The existing three-dimensional imaging method mainly comprises the following steps: structured light three-dimensional imaging method and three-dimensional laser scanning technology.
The structured light three-dimensional imaging method is to carry out a large number of sequence mode projections on a sample through light rays and then realize three-dimensional imaging by utilizing the technologies of binary coding and the like. However, the binary encoding technique is not sensitive to the object surface, and in order to obtain a high spatial resolution, a large number of projections are required, so that the objects in the scene must remain stationary during the projection, which extends the overall duration of the three-dimensional image acquisition. Structured light three-dimensional imaging methods typically have limited range due to limited light projection energy. Furthermore, such instruments are not accurate for close range measurements, and even the most accurate triangulation methods can only be used to achieve range measurements with millimeter accuracy.
Three-dimensional laser scanning techniques can be mainly classified into trigonometry, pulse type and phase type. The triangulation method has the shortest measuring distance and slow scanning speed, but has high measuring precision reaching the millimeter level, and is suitable for close-range precision measurement; the measuring distance of the pulse method is longest, the scanning speed is high, and the distance measuring precision is low; the phase distance measurement method has higher distance measurement precision, is suitable for medium distance measurement, but is less applied in the laser scanning technology.
The above methods can achieve three-dimensional imaging, but all have their own drawbacks. Although the structured light three-dimensional imaging technology has good imaging effect, the time is consumed, the precision only reaches the millimeter level, and the scanning distance is limited. Although the three-dimensional laser scanning technology has long scanning distance, the accuracy, the distance measurement and the scanning speed have a contradiction relationship, the scanning speed is slower when the accuracy is higher, and the highest accuracy can only reach the millimeter level.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the problem that exists among the prior art, the utility model provides a three-dimensional colored dynamic imaging device based on frequency domain OCT technique of high resolution, fast, the long and colored formation of image of scanning distance of scanning speed.
The utility model provides a solution of its technical problem is: a three-dimensional color dynamic imaging device based on frequency domain OCT technology comprises a spectrum optical coherence tomography system, an image cross-correlation system and a computer processing terminal;
the spectral optical coherence tomography system comprises: the device comprises a first light source, a first optical fiber coupler, a first collimator, a first focusing lens, a reflector, a second light source, a second optical fiber coupler, a polarization controller, a second collimator, a two-dimensional galvanometer system, a third collimator, a grating, a second focusing lens and a CCD camera;
the image cross-correlation system includes: a dichroic mirror, a spectroscope, a third light source and a color camera;
the first collimator is connected with the light of the reflector through a first focusing lens, emergent light of the second collimator enters the two-dimensional vibrating mirror system to be deflected, and the deflected emergent light is emitted to a sample through the dichroic mirror;
the third light source is connected with the light of the dichroic mirror through the reflecting surface of the dichroic mirror, the exit light of the third light source is reflected by the dichroic mirror at an incident angle of 45 degrees, the reflected light of the dichroic mirror is reflected by the dichroic mirror and then emitted to a sample, and the color camera is used for receiving the transmitted light of the dichroic mirror;
emergent light of the third collimator is focused in a second focusing lens after being subjected to grating light splitting, and the focused emergent light is received by a CCD camera;
the first optical fiber coupler is respectively connected with the first light source, the first collimator, the third collimator and the second optical fiber coupler through optical fibers, the second optical fiber coupler is respectively connected with the second light source and one end of the polarization controller through optical fibers, the other end of the polarization controller is connected with the second collimator through light rays, and the computer processing terminal is respectively electrically connected with the CCD camera, the color camera and the two-dimensional galvanometer system.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the CCD camera is a line CCD camera.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the splitting ratio of the spectroscope is 50: 50.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first light source and the second light source are both laser light sources.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses the device realizes three-dimensional colored formation of image through spectrum optics coherent chromatography scanning system and image cross-correlation system, and the imaging precision reaches the micron level, and resolution ratio is high, and scanning speed is fast simultaneously, and the scanning distance is long.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is clear that the described figures represent only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments, and that a person skilled in the art can also derive other designs and figures from these figures without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a three-dimensional volume of a sample;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a two-dimensional color signal of a sample;
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional topographical view of a sample;
fig. 6 is a three-dimensional color image of the sample.
Detailed Description
The conception, the specific structure, and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the objects, the features, and the effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive labor based on the embodiments of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, all the connection relations mentioned herein do not mean that the components are directly connected, but mean that a better connection structure can be formed by adding or reducing connection accessories according to the specific implementation situation. The utility model discloses each technical feature in the creation can the interactive combination under the prerequisite that does not contradict conflict each other.
Embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1, a three-dimensional color dynamic imaging device based on frequency domain OCT technology includes a spectral optical coherence tomography system, an image cross-correlation system, and a computer processing terminal 122;
the spectral optical coherence tomography system comprises: a first light source 101, a first fiber coupler 102, a first collimator 103, a first focusing lens 104, a reflector 105, a second light source 106, a second fiber coupler 107, a polarization controller 108, a second collimator 109, a two-dimensional galvanometer system 110, a third collimator 115, a grating 116, a second focusing lens 117, and a CCD camera 118;
the image cross-correlation system includes: a dichroic mirror 111, a dichroic mirror 112, a third light source 113, and a color camera 114;
the first collimator 103 is in light connection with a reflector 105 through a first focusing lens 104, emergent light of the second collimator 109 enters a two-dimensional galvanometer system 110 for deflection, and the deflected emergent light is emitted to a sample 120 through a dichroic mirror 111;
the third light source 113 is connected with the dichroic mirror 111 through a reflecting surface of the dichroic mirror 112, the dichroic mirror 112 reflects the light emitted from the third light source 113 at an incident angle of 45 °, the reflected light of the dichroic mirror 112 is reflected by the dichroic mirror 111 and then emitted to the sample 120, and the color camera 114 is configured to receive the transmitted light of the dichroic mirror 112;
emergent light of the third collimator 115 is split by a grating 116 and then focused in a second focusing lens 117, and the focused emergent light is received by a CCD camera 118;
the first optical fiber coupler 102 is respectively connected with the first light source 101, the first collimator 103, the third collimator 115 and the second optical fiber coupler 107 through optical fibers, the second optical fiber coupler 107 is respectively connected with the second light source 106 and one end of the polarization controller 108 through optical fibers, the other end of the polarization controller 108 is connected with the second collimator 109 through light rays, and the computer processing terminal 122 is respectively electrically connected with the CCD camera 118, the color camera 114 and the two-dimensional galvanometer system 110.
OCT is described herein as an optical coherence tomography technique, and the two-dimensional galvanometer system 110 includes an X-axis mirror and a Y-axis mirror. The polarization controller 108 is used to change the polarization direction of the transmitted light in the fiber.
Preferably, the CCD camera 118 is a line CCD camera. The line CCD camera performs line scanning of the sample 120. The grating 116 obtains a linear optical signal after light splitting, and all optical signals can be rapidly acquired by using a linear array CCD camera, so that the acquisition speed is high.
Preferably, the splitting ratio of the splitter 112 is 50: 50.
The beam splitter 112 is used to form a coaxial light source to illuminate the color camera 114.
Preferably, the first light source 101 and the second light source 106 are both laser light sources.
The first light source 101 and the second light source 106 are both laser emitters, the center wavelength of the first light source 101 is 840nm, the full width at half maximum is 50nm, and the center wavelength of the second light source 106 is 671 nm. The third light source 113 is a white light source.
Preferably, an assemblable lens group 119 is further arranged between the dichroic mirror 111 and the sample 120, emergent light of the dichroic mirror 111 penetrates through the assemblable lens group 119 and then is emitted to the sample 120, and the assemblable lens group 119 can automatically adjust parameters such as a focal length and a field range of a lens, so that the better focusing on the sample 120 is facilitated.
The spectral optical coherence tomography system is used for collecting depth information of the surface of the sample 120 and calculating a three-dimensional stereo image of the sample 120 through the computer processing terminal 122. The image cross-correlation system is used for collecting a two-dimensional color image of the sample 120 and obtaining two-dimensional color information through the computer processing terminal 122.
The focused beam spot diameter of the first light source 101 is about 9.02 μm, with a lateral resolution of 9.02 μm and an axial resolution of 7.78 μm in air. The imaging precision of a three-dimensional color dynamic image formed by using the three-dimensional color dynamic imaging device based on the frequency domain OCT technology reaches the micron level, and the three-dimensional color dynamic imaging device has the characteristic of high resolution.
Meanwhile, the first light source 101 and the second light source 106 are multi-wavelength laser light sources, and remote three-dimensional color imaging can be performed.
The utility model discloses the device realizes three-dimensional colored formation of image through spectrum optics coherent chromatography scanning system and image cross-correlation system, and the imaging precision reaches the micron level, and resolution ratio is high, and scanning speed is fast simultaneously, and the scanning distance is long.
The three-dimensional color dynamic imaging device based on the frequency domain OCT technology comprises a three-dimensional color dynamic imaging method based on the frequency domain OCT technology, and the method comprises the following steps:
obtaining an OCT image of the sample 120 to obtain a three-dimensional perspective view of the sample 120;
obtaining a two-dimensional color image of the sample 120 to obtain two-dimensional color information of the sample 120;
and registering the two-dimensional color signals to the three-dimensional stereo image through a normalized cross-correlation matching algorithm to obtain a three-dimensional color imaging image.
As an optimization, the process of obtaining a three-dimensional perspective view of the sample 120 includes:
an OCT image of the sample 120 is obtained according to the optical coherence tomography principle, and then a three-dimensional stereo image of the sample 120 is reconstructed according to depth information of different positions on the surface of the sample 120 in the OCT image.
Referring to fig. 2, the working principle of the present invention is as follows:
the light beam emitted by the first light source 101 enters a first optical fiber coupler 102, and is divided into a first light beam and a second light beam according to a splitting ratio of 50:50, wherein the first light beam enters a first collimator 103, and the second light beam enters a second optical fiber coupler 107;
the first light beam is collimated and parallel by the first collimator 103, and then is focused to the reflecting mirror 105 through the first focusing lens 104, the reflecting mirror 105 reflects the focused first light beam, and the reflected first light beam returns to the first optical fiber coupler 102 along the original path;
the second light beam and the light beam emitted by the second light source 106 are incident on the second optical fiber coupler 107 to be synthesized into a beam of low coherent light, the low coherent light passes through the polarization controller 108 and then is emitted to the second collimator 109 to be collimated and parallel, the collimated and parallel low coherent light enters the two-dimensional vibrating mirror system 110 to be deflected, the deflected low coherent light is emitted to the sample 120 through the dichroic mirror 111, the low coherent light is scattered on the sample 120 to obtain backscattered light, and the backscattered light returns to the first optical fiber coupler 102 along the original path;
after the low coherence light is scattered on the surface of the sample 120 for multiple times, obtaining backscattered light carrying depth information of the surface of the sample 120;
the first light beam returning to the first fiber coupler 102 interferes with the backward scattering light to generate interference light, the interference light enters a third collimator 115 to be collimated and parallel, emergent light of the third collimator 115 is split by a grating 116 and then focused in a second focusing lens 117, the focused emergent light is received by a CCD camera 118, the CCD camera 118 converts a received optical signal into an electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to the computer processing terminal 122, and the computer processing terminal 122 processes the received electrical signal to obtain depth information of the sample 120;
the first light beam returning to the first fiber coupler 102 interferes with the backscattered light to generate interference light, i.e., a michelson interferometer. According to the theory of monochromatic light interference, the intensity of the interference light of the first fiber coupler 102 can be expressed as:
wherein, IRIs a direct current signal of the first light beam, ISIs a direct current signal of said backscattered light, ARAmplitude of the first light beam, ASAmplitude of backscattered light, zjThe detection depth of the equal optical path surface is obtained,is the phase difference. After the interference light is split by the grating 116, the intensity signal received by each line unit of the CCD camera 118 can be expressed as:
interference light intensity signals received by the linear array CCD camera are transformed from a wave vector space to a coordinate space through Fourier transform, and under an ideal condition, the signals are expressed as follows:
where z is the optical path distance from the mirror 105 to the first collimator 103, ziDelta is a function of delta for the optical path distance from sample 120 to dichroic mirror 111, if and only if z-ziWhen 0, the interference intensity is maximum. Therefore, it is possible to use the optical path difference z-ziDepth information is obtained for the sample 120.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the computer processing terminal 122 is electrically connected to the two-dimensional galvanometer system 110. The computer processing terminal 122 provides control voltage for the two-dimensional galvanometer system 110, and changes the deflection angles of the X-axis reflector and the Y-axis reflector by respectively changing the voltage values transmitted to the X-axis reflector and the Y-axis reflector in the two-dimensional galvanometer system 110, so that the sample 120 is periodically scanned by low coherent light, a complete and continuous OCT image of the sample 120 is obtained according to the optical coherence tomography, and a three-dimensional stereogram of the sample 120 is reconstructed according to the depth information of different positions on the surface of the sample 120 in the OCT image.
Meanwhile, referring to fig. 4, the image cross-correlation system may acquire a two-dimensional color image when the sample 120 moves in real time. The light beam emitted by the third light source 113 is refracted by the dichroic mirror 112 with an incident angle of 45 ° and then reaches the dichroic mirror 111, the reflected light of the dichroic mirror 112 is reflected by the dichroic mirror 111 and then strikes the sample 120, the light beam is reflected on the surface of the sample 120, the reflected light returns to the dichroic mirror 111 along the original path, and is reflected by the dichroic mirror 111 and then emitted to the color camera 114 through the dichroic mirror 112, so that a two-dimensional color image of the sample 120 is obtained, and the color camera 114 converts the received optical signal into an electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to the computer processing terminal 122.
The computer processing terminal 122 performs time domain cross-correlation operation on two adjacent frames of two-dimensional color images to obtain the offset of the movement of the sample 120, and the computational mathematical expression of the offset d (t) is as follows:
where a (t), b (t) represent two-dimensional color images of two adjacent frames, t is an iteration index, i is an index pointing to the first element of the current frame, and W is an image length.
In the scanning process, the dynamic sample 120 may shift, in order to realize complete acquisition of the dynamic sample 120, the image cross-correlation system converts the shift amount into a correction control voltage value of the two-dimensional galvanometer system 110, transmits the correction control voltage value to the two-dimensional galvanometer system 110, changes the deflection angles of the X-axis mirror and the Y-axis mirror by changing the voltage values transmitted to the X-axis mirror and the Y-axis mirror in the two-dimensional galvanometer system 110, so that each line scan of the spectral optical coherence tomography scanning system is corrected by the shift amount of the movement of the sample 120, and positions the scanning position in the sample 120 after the sample 120 moves.
Therefore, the spectrum optical coherence tomography system can track the sample 120 in the scanning motion, and the scanning correction is carried out according to the offset of the motion of the sample 120 while the sample 120 is periodically line-scanned, thereby being beneficial to obtaining a complete OCT image of the sample 120, realizing dynamic imaging and avoiding the occurrence of misplaced data information.
After the periodic scanning is completed, a complete and continuous OCT image of the sample 120 is obtained according to the optical coherence tomography principle, and a three-dimensional stereogram of the sample 120 is reconstructed according to the depth information of different positions on the surface of the sample 120 in the OCT image. Registering a two-dimensional color signal obtained according to a two-dimensional color image on a three-dimensional stereogram through a normalized cross-correlation matching algorithm, wherein the operation process comprises the following steps:
the pixel size of the two-dimensional color image I to be matched is set to be M multiplied by N, and the pixel size of the template T is set to be M multiplied by N. Randomly selecting a sub-image I with pixel size of mxn from a two-dimensional color image Ix,yThe coordinate of the upper left corner in the two-dimensional color image I is (x, y), x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to M-M, and y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to N-N. M and N are respectively the number of rows and columns of pixels of a two-dimensional color image I to be matched, and M and N are respectively the number of rows and columns of pixels of a template.
Subfigure Ix,yThe normalized cross-correlation value R (x, y) with the template T is defined as
Wherein, (i, j) is the coordinate of the pixel in the template T;
All normalized cross-correlation values constitute a normalized cross-correlation matrix R.
Referring to fig. 6, a normalized cross-correlation value R (x, y) is calculated by normalized cross-correlation, an offset required for registering a two-dimensional color signal to a three-dimensional stereogram is obtained, two-dimensional color information is subjected to rotational translation to match the three-dimensional stereogram, and then the two-dimensional color information subjected to rotational translation and the three-dimensional stereogram are subjected to fusion processing to obtain a three-dimensional color imaging image. Dynamic color three-dimensional imaging is achieved by successive acquisitions.
The utility model discloses the two-dimensional color information that obtains will gather registers on the three-dimensional stereogram of the motion sample 120 that the collection calculation obtained through normalization cross correlation matching algorithm to carry out the scanning correction according to the sample 120 offset that obtains of calculation at the in-process of scanning, realize dynamic three-dimensional color imaging, the imaging precision has reached the micron level, and resolution ratio is high, and scanning distance is big.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments shown, but is capable of various modifications and substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A three-dimensional color dynamic imaging device based on frequency domain OCT technology is characterized in that: the system comprises a spectral optical coherence tomography system, an image cross-correlation system and a computer processing terminal;
the spectral optical coherence tomography system comprises: the device comprises a first light source, a first optical fiber coupler, a first collimator, a first focusing lens, a reflector, a second light source, a second optical fiber coupler, a polarization controller, a second collimator, a two-dimensional galvanometer system, a third collimator, a grating, a second focusing lens and a CCD camera;
the image cross-correlation system includes: a dichroic mirror, a spectroscope, a third light source and a color camera;
the first collimator is connected with the light of the reflector through a first focusing lens, emergent light of the second collimator enters the two-dimensional vibrating mirror system to be deflected, and the deflected emergent light is emitted to a sample through the dichroic mirror;
the third light source is connected with the light of the dichroic mirror through the reflecting surface of the dichroic mirror, the exit light of the third light source is reflected by the dichroic mirror at an incident angle of 45 degrees, the reflected light of the dichroic mirror is reflected by the dichroic mirror and then emitted to a sample, and the color camera is used for receiving the transmitted light of the dichroic mirror;
emergent light of the third collimator is focused in a second focusing lens after being subjected to grating light splitting, and the focused emergent light is received by a CCD camera;
the first optical fiber coupler is respectively connected with the first light source, the first collimator, the third collimator and the second optical fiber coupler through optical fibers, the second optical fiber coupler is respectively connected with the second light source and one end of the polarization controller through optical fibers, the other end of the polarization controller is connected with the second collimator through light rays, and the computer processing terminal is respectively electrically connected with the CCD camera, the color camera and the two-dimensional galvanometer system.
2. The three-dimensional color dynamic imaging device based on the frequency domain OCT technology of claim 1, wherein: the CCD camera is a linear array CCD camera.
3. The three-dimensional color dynamic imaging device based on the frequency domain OCT technology of claim 1, wherein: the splitting ratio of the spectroscope is 50: 50.
4. The three-dimensional color dynamic imaging device based on the frequency domain OCT technology of claim 1, wherein: the first light source and the second light source are both laser light sources.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110160440A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-08-23 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of three-dimensional colour dynamic imaging device and method based on frequency domain OCT technology |
| CN112617760A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-09 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Multimode hand-held type OCT system based on 3D printing technique |
| CN113237891A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-08-10 | 深圳市华讯方舟光电技术有限公司 | Detection system |
| WO2022094695A1 (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-05-12 | Institut National De La Recherche Scientifique | A method and a system for compressed ultrafast tomographic imaging |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110160440A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-08-23 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of three-dimensional colour dynamic imaging device and method based on frequency domain OCT technology |
| WO2022094695A1 (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-05-12 | Institut National De La Recherche Scientifique | A method and a system for compressed ultrafast tomographic imaging |
| CN112617760A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-09 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Multimode hand-held type OCT system based on 3D printing technique |
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