CN207612110U - A kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system - Google Patents
A kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN207612110U CN207612110U CN201721504873.1U CN201721504873U CN207612110U CN 207612110 U CN207612110 U CN 207612110U CN 201721504873 U CN201721504873 U CN 201721504873U CN 207612110 U CN207612110 U CN 207612110U
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- unit
- lead
- electric vehicle
- charging system
- acid battery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system, including power conversion unit, charge/discharge unit, parameter acquisition unit, Auxiliary Power Units, isolated location, Main Control Unit, CAN interface unit, display unit, alarm unit and fan cooling unit.The utility model utilizes the New-type charge control strategy that constant current and positive negative pulse stuffing are combined stage by stage, simultaneously using microcontroller number PI control technologies and efficient, low-loss DC DC translation circuits, charging rate significantly improves, charging is safer, battery heating is low, reduce the influence to accumulator capacity and service life, and expensive power management IC is substituted using cheap microcontroller, realizes intelligent accummulatorization monitoring and management.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to charging batteries of electric automobile technical field, more particularly to a kind of electric vehicle lead-acid accumulator
Intelligent charging system.
Background technology
With the continuous consumption of petroleum-based energy, electric vehicle is studied and is pushed away by countries in the world with its energy-saving and environment-friendly characteristic
Extensively.However power battery is always the maximum bottleneck for restricting Development of Electric Vehicles.Valve control maintenance-free lead accumulator (VRLA) with
The advantages that, capacity low by means of its manufacturing cost be big, voltage stabilization as electric vehicle main dynamics equipment.If but accumulator uses
Improper, the service life will greatly shorten.It has been investigated that charging process influences battery life maximum, discharge process influence phase
To smaller.Therefore charging system is to decisive influence from the service life of accumulator.
Traditional charging method is by increasing charging current, achieving the purpose that quick charge, but large current charge is inevitable
Phenomena such as leading to accumulator overcurrent, excess temperature, polarizing polar plates, seriously affect the life of storage battery.If with low current trickle charge, although right
Life of storage battery influence is smaller, but the charging time opposite can extend.To solve the contradictory problems in charging time and battery life, lead to
The understanding to battery charging process internal chemical characteristic is crossed, a kind of new charge control strategy is proposed, to realize accumulator height
It imitates, is quick, harmless charging, meaning is very great.
Utility model content
(1) the technical issues of solving
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the utility model provides a kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system,
The New-type charge control strategy being combined using constant current stage by stage and positive negative pulse stuffing, it is efficient, quick, lossless to realize accumulator
Evil charging.
(2) technical solution
A kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system, including power conversion unit, charge/discharge unit, parameter are adopted
Collect unit, Auxiliary Power Units, isolated location, Main Control Unit, CAN interface unit, display unit, alarm unit and fan
Heat-sink unit；
The power conversion unit is single-end ortho-exciting DC-DC conversion circuit, inputs AC220V alternating currents, exports lead-acid accumulator
Required DC power supply；
The charge/discharge unit carries out charge and discharge control to the lead-acid accumulator；
The parameter acquisition unit acquires the current voltage, electric current and temperature value of the lead-acid accumulator, and described in feeding
The ADC input channels of Main Control Unit microcontroller；
The Auxiliary Power Units input AC220V alternating currents, and output+5V DC voltages give the isolated location and the master
Controller unit provides operating voltage；
The isolated location carries out the Main Control Unit and the power conversion unit and the charge/discharge unit
Isolation, prevents interference of the high frequency power circuit to digital control circuit；
The Main Control Unit is compared processing with setting value to the current value of acquisition, and exports pwm pulse signal
Pass through the isolated location to the power conversion unit and the charge/discharge unit；
The Main Control Unit accesses vehicle-mounted CAN bus by the CAN interface unit, is carried out with whole-control system
Data exchange；
The display unit shows current charged state and voltage, electric current and temperature value；
The warning circuit alarms to charging abnormality；
Radiating and cooling is blowed to the lead-acid accumulator in the fan cooling unit.
Further, the power conversion unit includes the first rectifier bridge, the first transformer, the first field-effect tube, first
~the four diode, inductance, first~third capacitance and first resistor, wherein first transformer is high frequency transformer, institute
It is Esaki diode to state the first diode, and described first and third capacitance are electrolytic capacitor.
Further, the charge/discharge unit includes second and third field-effect tube, second and electric three resistance.
Further, the Auxiliary Power Units include the second transformer, the second rectifier bridge, voltage-stablizer, the 4th and the 5th
Capacitance, wherein second transformer is small-power AC transformer, the voltage-stablizer selects the LM7805, the 4th capacitance to be
Electrolytic capacitor.
Further, the Main Control Unit selects STC12C5A60S2 microcontrollers.
Further, the isolated location selects high speed photo coupling 6N137.
Further, the CAN interface unit includes CAN controller and CAN bus transceiver, the CAN controller choosing
With SJA1000, the CAN bus transceiver selects PCA82C250.
(3) advantageous effect
The utility model provides a kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system, using constant current stage by stage and
The New-type charge control strategy that positive negative pulse stuffing is combined, at the same using microcontroller number PI control technologies with it is efficient, low-loss
DC-DC conversion circuit, charging rate significantly improve, and charging is safer, and battery heating is low, reduces to accumulator capacity and longevity
The influence of life, and expensive power management IC is substituted using cheap microcontroller, realize intelligent accummulatorization prison
It surveys and manages.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure diagram of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system involved by the utility model.
Fig. 2 is a kind of charge-discharge circuit of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system involved by the utility model
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a kind of accessory power supply list of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system involved by the utility model
First circuit diagram.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment involved by the utility model is described in further details below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system, including power conversion unit, charge and discharge
Unit, parameter acquisition unit, Auxiliary Power Units, isolated location, Main Control Unit, CAN interface unit, display unit, report
Alert unit and fan cooling unit；Power conversion unit is single-end ortho-exciting DC-DC conversion circuit, inputs AC220V alternating currents, output
DC power supply needed for lead-acid accumulator；Charge/discharge unit carries out charge and discharge control to lead-acid accumulator；Parameter acquisition unit is adopted
Collect current voltage, electric current and the temperature value of lead-acid accumulator, and is sent into the ADC input channels of Main Control Unit microcontroller；It is auxiliary
Power supply unit is helped to input AC220V alternating currents, output+5V DC voltages provide work electricity to isolated location and Main Control Unit
Pressure；Isolated location is isolated by Main Control Unit and power conversion unit and charge/discharge unit, prevents high frequency power circuit
Interference to digital control circuit；Main Control Unit is compared processing with setting value to the current value of acquisition, and exports PWM
Pulse signal passes through isolated location to power conversion unit and charge/discharge unit；Main Control Unit is connect by CAN interface unit
Enter vehicle-mounted CAN bus, data exchange is carried out with whole-control system；Display unit shows current charged state and voltage, electricity
Stream and temperature value；Warning circuit alarms to charging abnormality；Fan cooling unit is blowed lead-acid accumulator scattered
Heat drop temperature.
Main Control Unit selects STC12C5A60S2 microcontrollers, is high speed/low-power consumption of new generation/superpower jamproof
8051 microcontrollers are internally integrated MAX810 Special reset circuits, 2 road PWM, 8 road 10-bit high speed A/D conversion, operating voltage 3.3
~5.5V, operating temperature range -40~+85 DEG C, for strong jammings occasions such as motor controls.
As shown in Fig. 2, power conversion unit include rectifier bridge DB1, transformer T1, field-effect tube Q1, diode D1~D4,
Inductance L1, capacitance C1~C3 and resistance R1, wherein transformer T1 are high frequency transformer, and diode D1 is Esaki diode, capacitance
C1 and C3 is electrolytic capacitor.Charge/discharge unit includes field-effect tube Q2 and Q3, resistance R2 and R3.E1 is 12V/12AH lead acid storage batteries
Pond, terminal voltage is about 14.7V when fully charged.Since circuit system power is about in 150w, therefore use lower-cost single-end ortho-exciting
DC-DC conversion circuit.AC220V, 50Hz industrial frequency AC alternating current are passed through into rectifying and wave-filtering, access DC-DC single-end ortho-excitings transformation first
Circuit, then obtain DC power supply after being filtered by LC.Adjust the pwm pulse signal duty of microcontroller STC12C5A60S2 outputs
Than to control the conducting shutdown of field-effect tube Q1, and then obtaining required DC voltage and electric current.Field-effect tube Q2 is utilized simultaneously
The amplitude and the time that are charged and discharged pulse are controlled with the interval turn-on and turn-off of Q3.When field-effect tube Q2 conducting Q3 shutdowns,
Realize positive pulse charging；When field-effect tube Q3 conducting Q2 shutdowns, negative pulse discharge is realized.
Based on three law of Maas, the specific control strategy of charging process of this system is as follows：
(1) high current constant-current phase.Charging initial stage indicates that battery capacity is relatively low when accumulator voltage is less than 12V,
Constant-current charge is carried out using high current, accumulator is made to be filled with more electricity as possible in a relatively short period of time.When the end of accumulator
When voltage rises to 14.7V, water starts to decompose, and generates polarization and gassing phenomenon, stops charging at this time.After a period of time, it is transferred to
Next stage.
(2) the positive negative pulse stuffing quick charge stage.In resting the stage for pulse, with the disappearance of charging current, polarization phenomena
Partial disappearance.Then it discharges again, makes accumulator back through larger current, the gas of gassing phenomenon generation can be eliminated, gone forward side by side
One step eliminates polarization phenomena, and the speed that accumulator receives electricity is made to accelerate.This stage is sub-divided into three-level, charging current is made to connect
Nearly accumulator acceptable charging current, to while quick charge, be damaged to accumulator.
(3) constant pressure supplies the charging stage.After the first two stage, do not ensure that accumulator electric-quantity has been filled with.This
When, it should also carry out constant pressure and supply charging.This stage charging current is gradually reduced, when detecting that electric current drops to a certain threshold value,
Stop charging.Also indicate that charging process is fully completed at this time.
Parameter acquisition unit acquires current voltage, electric current and the temperature of lead-acid accumulator, and is sent into microcontroller
The A/D mouths of STC12C5A60S2 are handled.The data of acquisition are compared by microcontroller STC12C5A60S2 with setting value, are adopted
(control deviation is constituted with digital PI control technologies according to given value and actual value, the ratio of deviation and integral are passed through linear group
Close and constitute controlled quentity controlled variable, controlled device is controlled) duty ratio for exporting pwm pulse signal is adjusted, it realizes in charging process
Constant current, constant pressure, and the turn-on and turn-off by controlling field-effect tube Q2 and Q3 realize positive negative pulse stuffing quick charge.
To prevent interference of the HF power conversion circuit to digital control circuit, system from utilizing high speed photo coupling 6N137 by two
Partial circuit is isolated.Therefore, digital control circuit part must individually power, as shown in figure 3, Auxiliary Power Units include transformation
Device T2, rectifier bridge DB2, voltage-stablizer U1, capacitance C4 and C5, wherein transformer T2 are small-power AC transformer, voltage-stablizer U1 choosings
It is electrolytic capacitor with LM7805, capacitance C4.AC220V electric mains are depressured to exchange using small-power AC transformer T2
12V realizes direct current+5V voltage outputs after rectifying and wave-filtering using voltage-stablizer LM7805, gives microcontroller STC12C5A60S2 and high speed
The chips such as optocoupler 6N137 provide operating voltage.
CAN interface unit includes CAN controller and CAN bus transceiver, and CAN controller selects SJA1000, CAN bus
Transceiver selects PCA82C250.Since microcontroller STC12C5A60S2 does not integrate internal controller, need to increase in peripheral circuit
Add CAN controller SJA1000, vehicle-mounted CAN bus accessed by CAN bus transceiver PCA82C250, with whole-control system into
The state parameter of lead-acid accumulator is sent to whole-control system by row data exchange, and it is corresponding to receive whole-control system
Vehicle-state message.
By making it into the corresponding charging stage to the detection of lead acid storage battery cell voltage, electric current, within the corresponding stage,
The pwm pulse signal duty ratio exported using digital PI control technologies constantly regulate microcontroller STC12C5A60S2, to realize
It is required that constant current or voltage value, while detecting the temperature value of each stage accumulator.Display unit shows current charging shape
State and voltage, electric current and temperature value.If it exceeds the threshold value of setting, alarm unit start to work and stop charging.When temperature is super
When crossing 45 DEG C, start fan cooling unit, cools down to accumulator, until temperature is restored within 20 DEG C.
The utility model provides a kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system, using constant current stage by stage and
The New-type charge control strategy that positive negative pulse stuffing is combined, at the same using microcontroller number PI control technologies with it is efficient, low-loss
DC-DC conversion circuit, charging rate significantly improve, and charging is safer, and battery heating is low, reduces to accumulator capacity and longevity
The influence of life, and expensive power management IC is substituted using cheap microcontroller, realize intelligent accummulatorization prison
It surveys and manages.
Embodiment described above is only that preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, not to this practicality
Novel conception and scope is defined.Without departing from the design concept of the present utility model, ordinary people in the field couple
The all variations and modifications that the technical solution of the utility model is made, should fall within the protection scope of the present utility model, this reality
With novel claimed technology contents, all record in detail in the claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system, it is characterised in that：Including power conversion unit, charge and discharge list
Member, parameter acquisition unit, Auxiliary Power Units, isolated location, Main Control Unit, CAN interface unit, display unit, alarm
Unit and fan cooling unit；
The power conversion unit is single-end ortho-exciting DC-DC conversion circuit, inputs AC220V alternating currents, is exported needed for lead-acid accumulator
DC power supply；
The charge/discharge unit carries out charge and discharge control to the lead-acid accumulator；
The parameter acquisition unit acquires the current voltage, electric current and temperature value of the lead-acid accumulator, and is sent into the master control
The ADC input channels of device unit microcontroller processed；
The Auxiliary Power Units input AC220V alternating currents, and output+5V DC voltages give the isolated location and the main control
Device unit provides operating voltage；
The isolated location is isolated by the Main Control Unit and the power conversion unit and the charge/discharge unit,
Prevent interference of the high frequency power circuit to digital control circuit；
The Main Control Unit is compared processing with setting value to the current value of acquisition, and exports pwm pulse signal and pass through
The isolated location is to the power conversion unit and the charge/discharge unit；
The Main Control Unit accesses vehicle-mounted CAN bus by the CAN interface unit, and data are carried out with whole-control system
It exchanges；
The display unit shows current charged state and voltage, electric current and temperature value；
The warning circuit alarms to charging abnormality；
Radiating and cooling is blowed to the lead-acid accumulator in the fan cooling unit.
2. a kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The work(
Rate converter unit include the first rectifier bridge, the first transformer, the first field-effect tube, the first~the 4th diode, inductance, first~
Third capacitance and first resistor, wherein first transformer is high frequency transformer, first diode is Esaki diode,
Described first and third capacitance be electrolytic capacitor.
3. a kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to fill
Discharge cell includes second and third field-effect tube, second and electric three resistance.
4. a kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described auxiliary
It includes the second transformer, the second rectifier bridge, voltage-stablizer, the 4th and the 5th capacitance to help power supply unit, wherein second transformer
For small-power AC transformer, it is electrolytic capacitor that the voltage-stablizer, which selects LM7805, the 4th capacitance,.
5. a kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The master
Controller unit selects STC12C5A60S2 microcontrollers.
6. a kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described every
High speed photo coupling 6N137 is selected from unit.
7. a kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
CAN interface unit includes CAN controller and CAN bus transceiver, and the CAN controller selects SJA1000, the CAN bus
Transceiver selects PCA82C250.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721504873.1U CN207612110U (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2017-11-13 | A kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721504873.1U CN207612110U (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2017-11-13 | A kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN207612110U true CN207612110U (en) | 2018-07-13 |
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| CN201721504873.1U Expired - Fee Related CN207612110U (en) | 2017-11-13 | 2017-11-13 | A kind of electric vehicle Lead-acid Battery Intelligent Charging system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111660848A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-15 | 德州职业技术学院（德州市技师学院） | Charging device and charging method for electric automobile |
-
2017
- 2017-11-13 CN CN201721504873.1U patent/CN207612110U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111660848A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-15 | 德州职业技术学院（德州市技师学院） | Charging device and charging method for electric automobile |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20180713 Termination date: 20181113 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |