CN204271442U - The generation device of a kind of polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon - Google Patents

The generation device of a kind of polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon Download PDF

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Publication number
CN204271442U
CN204271442U CN201420843022.XU CN201420843022U CN204271442U CN 204271442 U CN204271442 U CN 204271442U CN 201420843022 U CN201420843022 U CN 201420843022U CN 204271442 U CN204271442 U CN 204271442U
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polarization
single photon
angular momentum
orbital angular
entangled state
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郭建军
郭邦红
张程贤
范榕华
张文杰
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Guangdong Yukopod Technology Development Co., Ltd.
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South China Normal University
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Abstract

The utility model discloses the generation device of a kind of polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon, comprise connect successively LD pumping source, optical coupling system, laserresonator, light beam regulation and control unit, Q-plate converter and purifier units.Described LD pumping source for generation of pump light, for system provides input signal; Described optical coupling system is used for collimating described pump light and focusing on; Described laserresonator is used for providing feedback energy, selects direction and the frequency of pump light; Described light beam regulation and control unit is used for regulating and controlling pump light, with output level polarization single photon; Described Q-plate converter is used for described horizontal polarization single photon being converted into polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon; Described purifier units is used for purifying to polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon.The utility model stably can produce highly purified polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon, and this apparatus structure is simple and production process is succinct.

Description

The generation device of a kind of polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon
Technical field
The utility model belongs to quantum information and technical field of photo communication, is specifically related to a kind of generation device that stably can produce high-purity polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon.
Background technology
Quantum entanglement refers to the non-local association physically between separable many subsystems quantized system, namely cannot independent of the measurement parameter of other subsystem to the measurement result of a subsystem.Quantum entanglement constitutes valuable source indispensable in modern quantum information technology and information carrier.Tangling of broad sense is not only between multi-photon, between the different degrees of freedom being also present in same photon.Single photon Entangled State has potential application in design quantum information processing device in recent years.Such as, two quantum entanglement bits of single photon have been applied to certainty cryptography scheme.Barreiro group, based on the analysis of single photon spin-orbit Entangled State, has broken the conventional limit of linear superdense coding.In addition, the photon source of the Entangled State of physically based deformation characteristic, in each side of quantum information, as quantum key distribution, quantum teleportation, quantum calculation etc. all play an important role.Forming the particle that tangles can have a variety of, as atom, and ion etc., but due to the transmission characteristic of photon uniqueness, entangled photons is more suitable for transmission of quantum information.
What have the multiple degree of freedom between photon tangles such as polarization, frequency, momentum and position, the orthogonal amplitude also having light field and position phase component etc.The essence of quantum physics has been familiar with in the research of these abundant degrees of freedom more, also for the Code And Decode of quantum information technology provides conveniently.
1992, the Allen team of Univ Leiden Netherlands proved in photon theoretically containing the orbital angular momentum determined afterwards, the orbital angular momentum of photon starts the study hotspot becoming optical field.Utilize the quantum states such as phase place, polarization, frequency to encode, quantum bit (qubit) coding can only be realized; And the quantum number l of orbital angular momentum allows to get arbitrary integer in theory, therefore coded message is carried out using photon trajectory angular momentum as the carrier of information, greatly can increase the information capacity of transmission, people can realize High Dimensional Quantum States (qudits) coding in the Hilbert space of a higher-dimension, and there is higher confidentiality, this is that the realization of many bits quantum communications of single photon is laid a good foundation.
At present; the photon source production method with photon trajectory angular momentum mainly contains: a, mode converter method: be made up of two cylindrical lenses; comprise π phase converter and pi/2 phase transducer; Laguerre-Gauss mould is obtained by high-order Hermite-Gauss mode; the method conversion efficiency is high; but simultaneously also high to the requirement on machining accuracy of optics, and not easily control kind and the parameter of orbital angular momentum light beam flexibly.B, helical phase sheet method: adopt helicon band plate or holographic optics change-over panel to be Laguerre Gaussian beam by Gaussian Beam Transformation, here helicon band plate or holographic optics change-over panel need special processing, and light beam is also larger through these optical element conversion losses.C, calculating holography method: computer-generated hologram phase plate is when there being a branch of Gauss light incident, and generation is had orbital angular momentum by the diffraction first order laguerre-Gaussian beam.If holographic technique and spatial light modulator correlation technique are combined, the diffraction grating of programmable can be produced, this method can regulate and control wild trajectory angular momentum state more easily, but there is very strict constraints, and will gross distortion with light beam exponent number rising gained light beam.
The orbit angular momentum state light beam of single photon level becomes the important directions of people's research, but said method all effectively cannot obtain orbit angular momentum state and the orbital angular momentum Entangled State of single photon level, the people such as the Eleonora Nagali of Rome, ITA university find, the Q-plate of a kind of Inhomogeneous Anisotropic utilizing liquid crystal to make can realize the conversion of polarization state to orbital angular momentum cleverly, thus achieves the generation of polarization-orbital angular momentum two-photon mixing Entangled State experimentally.Utilize polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State, the Hilbert space of a more higher-dimension can be built, realize High Dimensional Quantum States (qudits) coding, this is in quantum information field, as quantum key distribution, quantum teleportation, quantum calculation etc. all play an important role, not only the coding/decoding capability of recruitment subchannel the fail safe of information can also be improved.But also there are some problems in actual applications in Q-plate.Such as, due to the restriction of device material performance, light beam is after the effect of Q-plate, and polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State and polarization state two kinds of quantum states of different nature exist simultaneously, thus the quantum mixing obtained to tangle purity of state very low.If use the not high Entangled State of this purity to carry out quantum communications and quantum calculation will cause information distortion, the error rate becomes large.Want the higher-dimension quantum entanglement characteristic making full use of polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State, reach credible stable quantum communications, quantum calculation, need to improve the existing photon source production method carrying orbital angular momentum, adopt mixing Entangled State purification technique to obtain high-purity Entangled State.Therefore, propose novel photon source obtain highly purified Quantum Entangled States be quantum information research in important topic.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to solve above deficiency, provide the generation device of a kind of polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon, this device Absorbable organic halogens ground produces high-purity polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon, and installation cost is low.
The technical scheme taked to realize the utility model object is:
A generation device for polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon, comprise connect successively LD pumping source, optical coupling system, laserresonator, light beam regulation and control unit, Q-plate converter and purifier units; Described LD pumping source is for generation of pump light, and described optical coupling system is used for collimating described pump light and focusing on; Described laserresonator is used for providing feedback energy, selects direction and the frequency of pump light; Described light beam regulation and control unit is used for regulating and controlling pump light, with output level polarization single photon; Described Q-plate converter is used for described horizontal polarization single photon being converted into polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon; Described purifier units is used for purifying to polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon; Described optical coupling system comprises the first spherical lens and the second spherical lens that connect successively; Described laserresonator comprises the laserresonator input end mirror, gain medium and the laserresonator that connect successively and exports end mirror, and described gain medium is laser crystal; Described light beam regulation and control unit comprises the harmonic non-linear crystal, wave plate group and the attenuator that connect successively; Described purifier units comprises the first beam splitter, and the single photon by it is divided into the first light beam and the second light beam by described first beam splitter; Described first path, light beam place is provided with the first dove prism and the first completely reflecting mirror successively; Described second path, light beam place is provided with the second completely reflecting mirror and the second dove prism successively; The intersection of described first light beam and the second light beam is provided with the second beam splitter.
The first wherein said spherical lens is used for collimating pump light, and described second spherical lens is used for focusing on pump light.Laserresonator is used for providing feedback energy, selective light wave line of propagation and frequency.Described laserresonator input end mirror and laserresonator export end mirror and are used for making the stimulated radiation of gain medium to carry out continuously, constantly to the direction of photon acceleration, restriction Laser output.Laser crystal can realize energy level transition, has threshold value low and have excellent thermal property, can make this device can continuously and the work of high-repetition-rate.
Further, described harmonic non-linear crystal comprises lens and frequency-doubling crystal; Described wave plate group comprises λ/4 wave plate and λ/2 wave plate.
Wherein λ represents wavelength; Harmonic non-linear crystal is used for regulating and controlling the wavelength of light beam, exports the laser of required wavelength.Wave plate group is used for carrying out shaping regulation and control output level polarised light to laser.Described attenuator is used for carrying out overdamp to laser, thus obtains horizontal polarization single photon.
Further, described first dove prism and the second dove prism are oppositely arranged, and spatially have angle.
Wherein the first completely reflecting mirror and the second completely reflecting mirror are the completely reflecting mirror being coated with high-reflecting film.
Further, described Q-plate converter is Pancharatnam-Berry phase-plate, and it is made up of single axial birefringence nematic liquid crystal material, and the horizontal polarization single photon for being exported by attenuator is converted into polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon.
Further, the splitting ratio of described first beam splitter is 50:50, and the splitting ratio of described second beam splitter is 50:50.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1, generation device structure of the present utility model is simple, easy to use; Low and there is excellent thermal property by utilizing gain medium to have threshold value, this device is made continuously and the work of high-repetition-rate, to utilize the transformation of Q-plate to produce polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State, then in conjunction with the purification characteristic of dove prism, produce high-purity polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon with achieving Absorbable organic halogens, the higher-dimension quantum entanglement characteristic of high-purity polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State is fully utilized;
2, carry out encoding and decoding modulation with the mixing Entangled State of single photon in the utility model, improve communication code check and reduce the error rate, enhancing the fail safe of system;
3, use orbital angular momentum in the utility model, more information can be carried, High Dimensional Quantum States coding can be realized;
4, the utility model can produce highly purified polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State, use this high-purity to mix Entangled State and carry out quantum communications and the quantum calculation error rate is low, and very little by the impact of condition of work restriction and inevitable ambient noise.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the generation device of polarization of the present utility model-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of purifier units in the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the isoboles that Fig. 2 is corresponding.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present utility model is described further:
Shown in accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 3, a generation device for polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon, comprise connect successively LD pumping source 1, optical coupling system 2, laserresonator 3, light beam regulation and control unit 4, Q-plate converter 5 and purifier units 6.
Described LD pumping source 1, for generation of pump light, carrys out the gain medium 31 in pumping laser resonant cavity 3, as the input signal of system by optical coupling system 2.Described optical coupling system 2 is for collimating pump light and focusing on.Described laserresonator 3 is connected with optical coupling system 2, for providing feedback energy, selects direction and the frequency of pump light.Described light beam regulation and control unit 4 is connected with described laserresonator 3, for carrying out the horizontal polarization single photon regulating and controlling to export to light beam.Described Q-plate converter 5 and light beam regulate and control unit 4 and are connected, and the horizontal polarization single photon that the attenuator 42 for being regulated and controled by light beam in unit 4 exports is converted into polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon.Described purifier units 6 is connected with Q-plate converter 5, and for purifying to polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State, thus Absorbable organic halogens ground obtains highly purified polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon.
Wherein optical coupling system 2 comprises the first spherical lens and the second spherical lens that connect successively.Described first spherical lens collimates light beam, and the light beam after collimation arrives the second spherical lens, and the second spherical lens focuses on light beam.
Wherein laserresonator 3 comprises laserresonator input end mirror 30, gain medium 31 and the laserresonator output end mirror 32 connected successively.Described laserresonator input end mirror 30 and laserresonator export end mirror 32 makes the stimulated radiation of gain medium 31 carry out continuously, constantly gives the direction of photon acceleration, restriction Laser output.Described gain medium 31 realizes energy level transition, and it is low and have excellent thermal property that it has threshold value, can make this generation device can continuously and the work of high-repetition-rate.
Wherein light beam regulation and control unit 4 comprises the harmonic non-linear crystal 40, wave plate group 41 and the attenuator 42 that connect successively.Harmonic non-linear crystal 40 comprises lens and frequency-doubling crystal, is regulated and controled by focusing and the wavelength of frequency multiplication to light beam, exports the laser of required wavelength.Described wave plate group 41 comprises λ/4 wave plate and λ/2 wave plate, for needing the laser of wavelength to carry out shaping regulation and control, output level polarised light.Described attenuator 42 for carrying out overdamp to horizontal polarization light, thus obtains horizontal polarization single photon.
Wherein Q-plate converter 5 is a kind of novel Pancharatnam-Berry phase-plates, be made by single axial birefringence nematic liquid crystal material, QP is a kind of media environment in particular cases of simulation, this medium is uneven and is anisotropic, light and liquid crystalline phase mutual effect in the medium, according to phase place principle and the birefringent characteristic of uniaxial liquid crystal, liquid crystal only plays the role of an intermediary.Utilize QP can realize the conversion of light beam to orbital angular momentum light beam, and this input polarization control the wavefront helicity of orbital angular momentum.
Wherein purifier units 6 comprises the first beam splitter 60, its splitting ratio is 50:50, for light beam is divided into two-beam, to form the first beam path and the second beam path, first beam path is provided with successively the completely reflecting mirror 62 that the first dove prism 61 and first is coated with high-reflecting film, second beam path is provided with successively completely reflecting mirror 63 and the second dove prism 64 that second is coated with high-reflecting film, first light beam produces phase difference under the first dove prism effect, then through the first completely reflecting mirror 62, the direction of propagation of light beam changes 90 degree; Second light beam, through the second completely reflecting mirror 63, arrives the second dove prism 64 after direction of beam propagation changes 90 degree, produces phase difference.The end of described first beam path and the end intersection of the second beam path are provided with the second beam splitter 65, and its splitting ratio is 50:50.Containing dephased first light beam and the second light beam after the second beam splitter 65, polarization wherein-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon directly exports from out1 output.
Shown in accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3, when the relative angle of the first dove prism 61 and the second dove prism 64 is α, the effect of dove prism 61,64 is equivalent to and the first beam path adds the Beam rotation device (BeamRotator that the anglec of rotation is 2 α wherein, BR), thus make the light beam containing phase term exp (il φ) produce corresponding phase difference on two beam paths, and there is destructive interference at the second beam splitter 65 place.The polarization obtained after the second beam splitter 65-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State photon exports from this generation device output, and the horizontal polarization photon not occurring to transform occurs to increase interference mutually at the second beam splitter 65 place, is rejected after the second beam splitter 65.Finally, highly purified polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon can stably be obtained.
Specific works principle of the present utility model is as follows: LD pumping source 1 produces pump light, pump light enters optical coupling system 2, first spherical lens collimates laser, second spherical lens focuses on laser subsequently, collimation and the laser after focusing on enter laserresonator 3, laserresonator input end mirror 30 and laserresonator export end mirror 32 makes the stimulated radiation of gain medium 31 carry out continuously, constantly give photon acceleration, the direction of restriction Laser output, gain medium 31 realizes energy level transition, it is low and have excellent thermal property that it has threshold value, can make this generation device can continuously and the work of high-repetition-rate, the laser that laserresonator 3 exports enters light beam regulation and control unit 4, first harmonic non-linear crystal 40 is regulated and controled by focusing and the wavelength of frequency multiplication to light beam, export the laser of required wavelength, secondly wave plate group 41 carries out shaping regulation and control output level polarised light to needing the laser of wavelength, last attenuator 42 is for carrying out overdamp to horizontal polarization light, thus obtain horizontal polarization single photon | H>, re-shoot Q-plate converter 5.Q-plate converter is in polar coordinate system, and direction of optic axis distribution is expressed as: wherein, q and α 0be two fixed constants, and q=1/2, α 0=0.In single photon space, the effect of Q-plate can describe by a quantum operator: because the eigenstate of Q-plate converter is circular polarization state, horizontal state of polarization is expanded into circular polarization state: therefore, after the effect of Q-plate converter, incident horizontal polarization photon | H> will be converted into polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State photonic quantum state form: on the other hand, due to the material behavior of Q-plate converter own, still having the horizontal polarization photon of component permeate Q-plate | H> is unconverted is the form that polarization-orbital angular momentum mixes Entangled State.Unconverted horizontal polarization single photon | H> and polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon | ψ > hybridby the first beam splitter 60, enter purifier units 6.Shown in accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3, the light arrived on it is divided into two-way by the first beam splitter 60, described dove prism 61,64 lays respectively on the first beam path and the second beam path, when the relative angle of two prisms is α, the effect of dove prism 61,64 is equivalent to and adds the Beam rotation device BR that the anglec of rotation is 2 α on the first beam path, thus makes the orbit angular momentum state containing phase term exp (il φ) on two beam paths, produce the phase difference of δ=2l α.
Beam rotation device BR to the action principle of orbital angular momentum light beam is: when purifier units input state is | in>=|0>|1>, wherein, | 0>, | 1> represents vacuum state and single-photon state respectively, then output state after Beam rotation device wherein get therefore carry | l=1> and | there is destructive interference, by the Out from purifier units at the second beam splitter 65 place in the mixing Entangled State photon of l=-1> orbital angular momentum 1outlet exports, and now output obtains namely mix Entangled State, Here it is, and we need, thus Absorbable organic halogens ground obtains highly purified polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon; And the horizontal polarization light do not transformed can see the state photon that orbital angular momentum quantum number is 0 as, namely | l=0>, occurs to increase mutually at the second beam splitter 65 place to interfere the Out from purifier units 2outlet exports, and this part is that we do not want.
The utility model achieves the generation of the stability and high efficiency of high-purity polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon, reduce installation cost, and apparatus structure is succinct.
The announcement of book and instruction according to the above description, the utility model those skilled in the art can also change above-mentioned execution mode and revise.Therefore, the utility model is not limited to embodiment disclosed and described above, also should fall in the protection range of claim of the present utility model modifications and changes more of the present utility model.In addition, although employ some specific terms in this specification, these terms just for convenience of description, do not form any restriction to the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. a generation device for polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon, is characterized in that, comprise connect successively LD pumping source, optical coupling system, laserresonator, light beam regulation and control unit, Q-plate converter and purifier units;
Described LD pumping source is for generation of pump light, and described optical coupling system is used for collimating described pump light and focusing on; Described laserresonator is used for providing feedback energy, selects direction and the frequency of pump light; Described light beam regulation and control unit is used for regulating and controlling pump light, with output level polarization single photon; Described Q-plate converter is used for described horizontal polarization single photon being converted into polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon; Described purifier units is used for purifying to polarization-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon;
Described optical coupling system comprises the first spherical lens and the second spherical lens that connect successively;
Described laserresonator comprises the laserresonator input end mirror, gain medium and the laserresonator that connect successively and exports end mirror, and described gain medium is laser crystal;
Described light beam regulation and control unit comprises the harmonic non-linear crystal, wave plate group and the attenuator that connect successively;
Described purifier units comprises the first beam splitter, and the single photon by it is divided into the first light beam and the second light beam by described first beam splitter; Described first path, light beam place is provided with the first dove prism and the first completely reflecting mirror successively; Described second path, light beam place is provided with the second completely reflecting mirror and the second dove prism successively; The intersection of described first light beam and the second light beam is provided with the second beam splitter.
2. the generation device of polarization according to claim 1-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon, it is characterized in that, described harmonic non-linear crystal comprises lens and frequency-doubling crystal; Described wave plate group comprises λ/4 wave plate and λ/2 wave plate.
3. the generation device of polarization according to claim 1-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon, it is characterized in that, described first dove prism and the second dove prism are oppositely arranged, and spatially have angle.
4. the generation device of polarization according to claim 1-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon, it is characterized in that, Q-plate converter is Pancharatnam-Berry phase-plate, and it is made up of single axial birefringence nematic liquid crystal material.
5. the generation device of polarization according to claim 1-orbital angular momentum mixing Entangled State single photon, it is characterized in that, the splitting ratio of described first beam splitter is 50:50, and the splitting ratio of described second beam splitter is 50:50.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105891957A (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-08-24 北京邮电大学 All-fiber one-order OAM (orbital angular momentum) mode generation system
CN108627984A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-10-09 中国科学技术大学 Prepare the device of orbital angular momentum maximal entangled state
CN109100880A (en) * 2018-10-31 2018-12-28 湖南大学 The automatically controlled generation device of vector beam
US11387913B2 (en) 2019-05-30 2022-07-12 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. System and method for provisioning of entangled-photon pairs

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105891957A (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-08-24 北京邮电大学 All-fiber one-order OAM (orbital angular momentum) mode generation system
CN105891957B (en) * 2016-06-15 2019-01-08 北京邮电大学 A kind of single order OAM pattern generation system of all -fiber
CN108627984A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-10-09 中国科学技术大学 Prepare the device of orbital angular momentum maximal entangled state
CN108627984B (en) * 2018-06-05 2024-02-09 中国科学技术大学 Device for preparing maximum entangled state of orbital angular momentum
CN109100880A (en) * 2018-10-31 2018-12-28 湖南大学 The automatically controlled generation device of vector beam
CN109100880B (en) * 2018-10-31 2024-03-26 湖南大学 Vector beam electric control generating device
US11387913B2 (en) 2019-05-30 2022-07-12 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. System and method for provisioning of entangled-photon pairs

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