CN203287559U - An optical add-drop multiplexer based on photorefractive long-period waveguide gratings - Google Patents
An optical add-drop multiplexer based on photorefractive long-period waveguide gratings Download PDFInfo
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- CN203287559U CN203287559U CN2013201813927U CN201320181392U CN203287559U CN 203287559 U CN203287559 U CN 203287559U CN 2013201813927 U CN2013201813927 U CN 2013201813927U CN 201320181392 U CN201320181392 U CN 201320181392U CN 203287559 U CN203287559 U CN 203287559U
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Abstract
An optical add-drop multiplexer based on photorefractive long-period waveguide gratings comprises an input tail fiber, an output tail fiber, a detach tail fiber, an insert tail fiber and three totally-identical single mode waveguides. The first waveguide is a main waveguide and comprises two identical photorefractive long-period gratings which are arranged at the left and right ends of the first waveguide respectively, and a certain distance is formed between the two photorefractive long-period gratings. The second waveguide has a photorefractive long-period grating which is identical with the photorefractive long-period grating arranged at the left end of the first waveguide, wherein the two photorefractive long-period gratings are totally aligned. The third waveguide has a photorefractive long-period grating which is identical with the photorefractive long-period grating arranged at the right end of the first waveguide, wherein the two photorefractive long-period gratings are totally aligned. The grating comprises a base which is a LiNbO3 crystal which is tangential in X or Y direction and conductive in Z direction. The base is provided with a cladding which is provided with a Z-directional single mode waveguide and a photorefractive holographic grating is manufactured on the single mode waveguide. Two end surfaces of the first waveguide are respectively connected with the input tail fiber and the output tail fiber. The right end of the second waveguide is connected with the detach tail fiber. The left end of the third waveguide is connected with the insert tail fiber.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to integrated optics field and optical communication passive device field, relates in particular to the optical add/drop multiplexer of selling off long-period waveguide grating based on light.
Background technology
In wavelength-division multiplex (WDM) fibre system, optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) is a Primary Component.It divides the lower local specific wavelength light signal that leads to selectively from transmission line, upload simultaneously this locality and mail to the specific wavelength light signal of another node.OADM is the key node device of realizing large capacity, the communication of two-forty all optical network, has a wide range of applications in the WDM optical network system.
The solution of optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) mainly is divided into based on the discrete device type with based on the large class of integrated device type two.
Based on the OADM of discrete device, generally adopt the formations such as discrete lens, prism, catoptron, reach a minute slotting filter function by adjusting the light beam exit direction.Due to easy to manufacture, cost is low, the OADM that has realized at present adopts discrete device to make mostly.But such device volume is bigger than normal, realizes that light beam is accurately aimed at difficulty higher, and the insertion loss of device is larger.
According to the difference of use material, reported OADM based on integrated technology mainly contains three major types:
A kind of is to realize filtering, coupling and the add drop multiplex of light signal by make waveguide or microstructure on semiconductor material, such as array waveguide grating and mems optical switch array.This type of OADM integrated level is high, and the channel number of support is many.And the manufacturing equipment that it uses and semiconductor laser, semiconductor microactuator electron device compatibility, therefore can realize that more the photoelectron of high integration is integrated.No matter but be manufacturing equipment, manufacturing process or the semiconductor material that uses, its cost is all very high, and is subjected to the restriction of the ability of making at present, and performance is also stable not, apart from a practical segment distance in addition.
The lower integrated OADM of another kind of cost is based on optical fibre device.As utilize Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (FBG) to add two optical circulators and realize a kind of OADM, whole device insertion loss lower (～1.0dB), but owing to having used optical circulator to make cost higher.Also have a kind of long period fiber grating (LPFG) to be applied in OADM, utilized the cladding mode coupling between two LPFG to realize a wavelength selective coupler, thereby realized the add drop multiplex of wavelength.But the relative position of strictly keeping two optical fiber is a very large challenge for device package, and also being difficult to increases output port quantity by enlarging number of fibers.
Also have a kind of integrated OADM to realize by making waveguide or microstructure on lithium niobate or polymer material substrate, be exactly the scheme of a very attractive as acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF), but it has the shortcomings such as side mode suppression ratio is low, insertion loss is large, and it is high to exist equally manufacturing cost, the problems such as manufacturing process is complicated, and performance is stable not.
Up to now, although the OADM that has realized adopts discrete device to make mostly, and reported OADM based on integrated technology is high due to cost, complex process, the problems such as unstable properties, also have a segment distance apart from practical, but the integrated developing direction that is only optic communication device certainly.Key is to locate a kind of manufacture craft Integrated Solution simple, with low cost.
Summary of the invention
For overcome existing add-drop multiplexer architecture based on integrated device complicated, make difficulty and the deficiency such as the material recycling rate of waterused is low, the utility model provides a kind of simplified structure, easy to make, the material recycling rate of waterused is higher sells off the optical add/drop multiplexer of long-period waveguide grating based on light.
For the technical scheme that solves the problems of the technologies described above employing is:
A kind of optical add/drop multiplexer of selling off long-period waveguide grating based on light, comprise input tail optical fiber, output tail optical fiber, insert tail optical fiber and minute lower tail optical fiber.The described optical add/drop multiplexer of selling off long-period waveguide grating based on light also comprises 3 identical optical waveguides.Described 3 identical optical waveguides are single mode waveguide, and wherein first wave guide is main waveguide, have two identical light and sell off long-period gratings, lay respectively at the two ends, left and right of first wave guide, and two light are sold off between long-period gratings certain distance is arranged; The second waveguide has with the identical light of first wave guide left end sells off long-period gratings, and complete matching; The 3rd waveguide has with the identical light of first wave guide right-hand member sells off long-period gratings, and complete matching.
Described light is sold off long-period waveguide grating and is comprised substrate, and described substrate is that X or Y cut the LiNbO that Z passes
3Crystal; In described substrate, covering is set; The single mode waveguide that Z-direction is arranged is set in described covering; Make the light fold changeable grating on described single mode waveguide.
Further, the two ends of described first wave guide are adhesively fixed and are connected with described input and output tail optical fiber respectively, and the right-hand member of described the second waveguide is adhesively fixed and is connected with described minute lower tail optical fiber, and the left end of described the 3rd waveguide is adhesively fixed and is connected with described insertion tail optical fiber.
Further, the two ends of described first wave guide are fixedly connected with by fixture with described input and output tail optical fiber respectively, the right-hand member of described the second waveguide is fixedly connected with by fixture with described minute lower tail optical fiber, and the left end of described the 3rd waveguide is fixedly connected with by fixture with described insertion tail optical fiber.
Further again, utilize Effective Index Method to determine the physical dimension of single mode waveguide and covering, guided mode parameter and effective refractive index.
Further, utilize the coupled wave theory of long-period waveguide grating, determine the coupling coefficient between waveguide, waveguide spacing and grating length.
According to the effective refractive index of single mode waveguide and the effective refractive index of covering, utilize the phase-matching condition of long-period waveguide grating, determine under corresponding each minute or the grating cycle while inserting signal wavelength, adopt finally the two-beam interference method to make the bright dipping fold changeable grating.
Technical conceive of the present utility model is: make the light fold changeable grating with the two-beam interference method, device and technique are simple, and utilize the light fold changeable grating can keep the characteristic of several years under dark condition, the convenient use and dependable performance.In addition, utilize light fold changeable grating in lithium columbate crystal can wipe and the characteristics of setting up again,, by changing recording angular, just can obtain the new grating cycle, reach dividing purpose lower and insertion different wave length signal, thereby improve the recycling rate of waterused of material.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are mainly reflected in: 1, only need utilize two-beam interference just can make long-period waveguide grating, need to not add the labyrinths such as loading electrode on lithium columbate crystal, also avoid utilizing the complicated integrated optics technology making gratings such as etching, made manufacturing technology simple; 2, the light fold changeable grating can be wiped and set up, can change the wavelength that add-drop multiplexer is selected, thereby improves the recycling rate of waterused of material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the utility model is sold off the structural representation of the optical add/drop multiplexer of long-period waveguide grating based on light.
Fig. 2 is that the utility model double beam interferometry is made light fold changeable grating schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that the utility model is sold off the optical add/drop multiplexer application apparatus schematic diagram of long-period waveguide grating based on light.
Fig. 4 is that the utility model is sold off the optical add/drop multiplexer applied waveforms figure of long-period waveguide grating based on light.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present utility model is further described.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 3, a kind of optical add/drop multiplexer of selling off long-period waveguide grating based on light, comprise input tail optical fiber 103 and output tail optical fiber 109, divides lower tail optical fiber 110 and insert tail optical fiber 101.The add-drop multiplexer that described light is sold off long-period waveguide grating also comprises 3 identical waveguides: waveguide 1 is main waveguide, comprise two identical light and sell off long-period gratings, respectively at the two ends, left and right of waveguide 1, the left end grating is 102, the right-hand member grating is that 108, two light are sold off between long-period gratings certain distance is arranged; Waveguide 2 has with the waveguide 1 identical light of left end sells off long-period gratings 104, and complete matching; Waveguide 3 has with the waveguide 1 identical light of right-hand member sells off long-period gratings 107, and complete matching.
Described light is sold off long-period waveguide grating and is comprised substrate 106, and the LiNbO of Z biography is cut in described substrate 106 for X or Y
3Crystal, arrange covering 105 in described substrate 106, and the waveguide 1,2,3 that Z-direction is arranged is set on described covering 105.
Two end faces of described waveguide 1 respectively with described input tail optical fiber 103 be connected tail optical fiber 109 and be adhesively fixed and be connected, the right-hand member of described waveguide 2 is adhesively fixed and is connected with a minute lower tail optical fiber 110, the left end of described waveguide 3 is adhesively fixed and is connected with insertion tail optical fiber 101.
Utilize Effective Index Method can determine waveguide 1,2,3 and physical dimension, guided mode parameter and the effective refractive index of covering 105.Utilize the pattern theory of long-period waveguide grating, determine the length L of long-period gratings and the spacing d of waveguide.
, according to waveguide 1,2,3 effective refractive index and the effective refractive index of covering, utilize the phase-matching condition of long-period waveguide grating, the grating periods lambda while determining corresponding each filter wavelength
m, adopt the two-beam interference method to make the bright dipping fold changeable grating.
With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 4, the Production and application of add-drop multiplexer comprises the following steps:
The making of step 1 lithium niobate base bill kept on file mould waveguide
With reference to Fig. 1, the waveguide of using in the utility model be with lithium columbate crystal 106 as substrate, form covering 105 through expanding for the first time titanium, then through expanding titanium for the second time, form respectively waveguide 1,2 and 3; The grating 102 and 108 of making in waveguide 1, the grating 104 of making in waveguide 2, the grating 107 of making in waveguide 3, be all the light fold changeable grating.
The making of step 2 mask
With reference to Fig. 2, interval d according to long-period gratings, reach the 100% required grating length L of coupling, also have the structure of Optical Add Drop Multiplexer and the size of waveguide, produce the mask of structure shown in Fig. 2, the major function of this mask is to block in waveguide not need light-struck part, in order to form the grating of ad-hoc location.
Step 3 light is sold off the making of long-period waveguide grating
With reference to Fig. 2, at first with the mask complete matching cover in waveguide, the place that masked version is blocked can't touch light, the place of not blocking can receive light.Then utilize recording light 201, by beam splitter 202, reflex on 203, form a road interference light 205 again after 203 reflections and incide on mask.And by the another light beam after beam splitter 202, through forming another road interference light 206 after catoptron 204 reflections, also incide the mask surface.The light that in interference light 205 and 206, not masked version is blocked forms interference fringe simultaneously in four positions, lithium niobate surface, and fringe spacing is Λ
m, the striped total length is L, forms simultaneously light by photorefractive effect finally and sells off long-period waveguide grating 102,104,107 and 108.
The Production and application of step 4 add-drop multiplexer
With reference to Fig. 1, waveguide 1 both ends of the surface of selling off long-period waveguide grating at the light that is successful add respectively input tail optical fiber 103 and output tail optical fiber 109, the right-hand member of waveguide 2 adds a minute lower tail optical fiber 110, the left end of waveguide 3 adds and inserts tail optical fiber 101, so just made the optical add/drop multiplexer of selling off long-period waveguide grating based on light.Tail optical fiber 103 and 109,110 and 101 is directly aim at and be adhesively fixed in waveguide.
, with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, suppose that the wavelength-division multiplex signals light of input is λ
1, λ
2, λ
3, λ
4(Fig. 4 (a)), and resonant wavelength is λ
3, described wavelength-division multiplex signals first is coupled in input tail optical fiber 103, then in coupled into waveguide 1, and resonant wavelength λ
3Can sell off under the effect of long-period gratings 102 at the light of waveguide 1, be coupled in the cladding mode of whole waveguide sheet, this cladding mode is sold off under the effect of long-period gratings 104 at the light of waveguide 2 again, is coupled in the guided mode of waveguide 2, thereby can is dividing lower tail optical fiber 110 ports to receive light signal λ
3(Fig. 4 (c)), namely divide lower signal.Remaining off-resonance wavelength X
1, λ
2, λ
4(Fig. 4 (b)) will be from tail optical fiber 109 outputs.If inserting tail optical fiber 101 ports insertion signal λ ' simultaneously
3(Fig. 4 (d)); in like manner; the guided mode of this signal can be coupled to the cladding mode of whole waveguide sheet under the light of waveguide 3 is sold off the effect of long period 107 in; then during this cladding mode can be coupled to the guided mode of waveguide 1 under the light of waveguide 1 is sold off the effect of long-period gratings 108, thereby can receive flashlight λ from tail optical fiber 109 ports
1, λ
2, λ '
3, λ
4(Fig. 4 (e)).Namely this device can realize inserting and divide under function, i.e. add drop multiplex.
Embodiment 2
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: waveguide 1 both ends of the surface of selling off long-period waveguide grating at the light that is successful add respectively input tail optical fiber 103 and output tail optical fiber 109, the right-hand member of waveguide 2 adds a minute lower tail optical fiber 110, the left end of waveguide 3 adds and inserts tail optical fiber 101, so just made the optical add/drop multiplexer of selling off long-period waveguide grating based on light.Tail optical fiber 103 and 109,110 and 101 is after fixing by fixture, directly aims at and be close on Waveguide end face.Other structures of the present embodiment and implementation and embodiment 1 are identical.
Claims (4)
1. optical add/drop multiplexer of selling off long-period waveguide grating based on light, comprise input tail optical fiber, output tail optical fiber, insert tail optical fiber and minute lower tail optical fiber, the described optical add/drop multiplexer of selling off long-period waveguide grating based on light also comprises 3 identical single mode waveguides, wherein first wave guide is main waveguide, comprise two identical light and sell off long-period gratings, respectively at the two ends, left and right of first wave guide, and two light are sold off between long-period gratings certain distance are arranged; The second waveguide has with the identical light of first wave guide left end sells off long-period gratings, and complete matching; The 3rd waveguide has with the identical light of first wave guide right-hand member sells off long-period gratings, and complete matching; Described light is sold off long-period waveguide grating and is comprised substrate, and described substrate is that X or Y cut the LiNbO3 crystal that Z passes, and in described substrate, covering is set, and the single mode waveguide that Z-direction is arranged is set on described covering, makes the light fold changeable grating on described single mode waveguide; Two end faces of described first wave guide respectively with described input tail optical fiber be connected tail optical fiber and be connected, the right-hand member of described the second waveguide is connected with described minute lower tail optical fiber, the left end of described the 3rd waveguide is connected with described insertion tail optical fiber.
2. the optical add/drop multiplexer of selling off long-period waveguide grating based on light as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the two ends of described first wave guide are adhesively fixed and are connected with described input and output tail optical fiber respectively, the right-hand member of described the second waveguide is adhesively fixed and is connected with described minute lower tail optical fiber, and the left end of described the 3rd waveguide is adhesively fixed and is connected with described insertion tail optical fiber.
3. the optical add/drop multiplexer of selling off long-period waveguide grating based on light as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the two ends of described first wave guide are fixedly connected with by fixture with described input and output tail optical fiber respectively, the right-hand member of described the second waveguide is fixedly connected with by fixture with described minute lower tail optical fiber, and the left end of described the 3rd waveguide is fixedly connected with by fixture with described insertion tail optical fiber.
4. light as claimed in claim 3 is sold off long-period waveguide grating, it is characterized in that: adopt the two-beam interference method to produce the holographic optical fold changeable grating.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2013201813927U CN203287559U (en) | 2013-04-11 | 2013-04-11 | An optical add-drop multiplexer based on photorefractive long-period waveguide gratings |
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| CN2013201813927U CN203287559U (en) | 2013-04-11 | 2013-04-11 | An optical add-drop multiplexer based on photorefractive long-period waveguide gratings |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103197387A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-07-10 | 浙江工业大学 | Optical add-drop multiplexer based on optical refraction long period waveguide gratings |
| CN111025467A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 华中科技大学 | Tunable optical differentiator based on silicon-based metamaterial |
-
2013
- 2013-04-11 CN CN2013201813927U patent/CN203287559U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103197387A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-07-10 | 浙江工业大学 | Optical add-drop multiplexer based on optical refraction long period waveguide gratings |
| CN103197387B (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2015-10-07 | 浙江工业大学 | Based on the optical add/drop multiplexer of Preset grating long-period waveguide grating |
| CN111025467A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 华中科技大学 | Tunable optical differentiator based on silicon-based metamaterial |
| CN111025467B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-11-17 | 华中科技大学 | Tunable optical differentiator based on silicon-based metamaterial |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20131113 Effective date of abandoning: 20151007 |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20131113 Effective date of abandoning: 20151007 |
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| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |