CN201680924U - Distributive optical fiber Raman and Brillouin scattering sensor - Google Patents
Distributive optical fiber Raman and Brillouin scattering sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a distributive optical fiber Raman and Brillouin scatting sensor, which comprises a semiconductor FP cavity impulse broadband fiber laser, a semiconductor external cavity narrowband continuous fiber laser, a wave separator, an electro optic modulator, an isolator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, a bidirectional coupler, an integrated wavelength division multiplexer, two photoelectric receiving amplification modules, a direct detection system, a transmission fiber grating of the narrowband, a circulator, and coherent detection systems. The sensor is based on the fiber nonlinear optical scattering amalgamation principle and wave division multiplex principle, utilizes backward fiber spontaneous anti-Stokes and Stokes Raman-scattered light intensity ratio to measure the fiber temperature, utilizes the frequency deviation of backward fiber spontaneous Brillouin scattered light to measure strain of the fiber, realizes the simultaneous measurement of the temperature and the strain, improves the signal noise ratio of the system, and ameliorate the measurement accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to distributed fiber Raman, Brillouin scattering sensor, belongs to technical field of optical fiber sensing.
Background technology
In the distributed fiberoptic sensor field, distributed fiber Raman scattered photon temperature sensor is arranged both at home and abroad, distributed Brillouin scattering photon sensor is abroad arranged.CN101324424 adopts and surveys and pump light source, replace traditional optical fiber Brillouin amplifier by fiber Raman amplifier, obtain optical fiber stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) line dorsad, obtain strain information by the frequency displacement of measuring the SBS line, but costing an arm and a leg of fiber Raman amplifier, the cost height.Newson research team of Southampton, Britain university adopts the laser of narrowband light source to utilize the spontaneous dorsad anti-Stokes Raman scattering thermometric of optical fiber and measures strain with spontaneous optical fiber Brillouin scattering effect, but because the spectral bandwidth of optical fiber Brillouin scattering is very narrow, therefore, measure the low (M.N.Allahbabi of precision of temperature and strain, Y.T.Cho and T.P.Newson, Simulataneous DistributedMeasurements of Temperature and Strain using Spontaneous Raman and BrillouinScattering, Optics Letters, 2005,1 June, p.1276-1278).CN101162158 is applicable to the measurement of very-long-range fiber optic temperature and strain, but has embedded fiber Raman amplifier in the system, is easy to generate the phase mutual interference of fiber nonlinear effect, and fiber Raman amplifier cost an arm and a leg the cost height.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of distributed temperature, the simultaneously-measured high-precision distributed fiber Raman of strain, Brillouin scattering sensor.
Distributed fiber Raman of the present utility model, Brillouin scattering sensor, comprise semiconductor FP chamber pulse band optical fiber laser instrument, semiconductor exocoel arrowband jointed fiber laser instrument, channel-splitting filter, electrooptic modulator, isolator, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), bidirectional coupler, integrated wavelength division multiplexer, two photoelectricity receive amplification module, direct detection system, the transmission fiber grating of arrowband, circulator and Coherent Detection system, the output terminal of semiconductor FP chamber pulse band optical fiber laser instrument links to each other with an input end of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), the output terminal of semiconductor exocoel arrowband jointed fiber laser instrument links to each other with the input end of channel-splitting filter, an output terminal of channel-splitting filter connects electrooptic modulator successively, another input end of isolator and Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), the output terminal of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) links to each other with the input end of bidirectional coupler, an output terminal of bidirectional coupler links to each other with single-mode fiber, another output terminal of bidirectional coupler links to each other with the input end of integrated wavelength division multiplexer, two output ports of integrated wavelength division multiplexer are respectively through first, second photoelectricity receives amplification module and links to each other with direct detection system, the 3rd output port of integrated wavelength division multiplexer links to each other with an input end of circulator through the transmission fiber grating of arrowband, another input end of circulator links to each other with another output terminal of channel-splitting filter, and the output terminal of circulator links to each other with the Coherent Detection system.
The pulse width of above-mentioned semiconductor FP chamber pulse band optical fiber laser instrument is less than 30ns, and wavelength is 1550nm.The spectral width of semiconductor exocoel arrowband jointed fiber laser instrument is 10MHz, and wavelength is 1555nm.Two light sources are in different-waveband, have realized wavelength-division multiplex.
Above-mentioned integrated wavelength division multiplexer is by two pairs of fiber couplers, GRIN Lens parallel light path and centre wavelength 1450nm, spectral bandwidth 38nm, the optical filter of loss＜0.3dB and centre wavelength 1660nm, spectral bandwidth 40nm, the optical filter of loss＜0.3dB is formed, integrated wavelength division multiplexer has four ports, an input port, three output ports, first output port is the 1450nm port, be optical fiber anti-Stokes Raman diffused light delivery outlet, second output port is the 1660nm port, be optical fiber Stokes Raman diffused light delivery outlet, the 3rd output port is the 1550nm port, is fiber Rayleigh and Brillouin scattering delivery outlet.
The transmission fiber grating of above-mentioned arrowband is that centre wavelength is 1555.08nm, and spectral bandwidth is 0.1nm, loss＜0.3dB, the fiber grating of isolation＞35dB.
Distributed Raman of the present utility model, Brillouin astigmatism fiber sensor is based on the fusion principle and the wavelength-division multiplex principle of nonlinear fiber optical scattering, and utilizing dorsad, the spontaneous anti-Stokes of optical fiber and Stokes Raman scattering light strength ratio come the fine temperature of photometry; The suffered strain of frequency displacement measuring optical fiber of optical fiber spontaneous brillouin scattering light is dorsad measured when realizing temperature and strain, improves the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of system, improves measuring accuracy.
The laser that semiconductor FP chamber pulse band optical fiber laser instrument produces enters single-mode fiber through Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) and bidirectional coupler, the Raman diffused light dorsad of single-mode fiber is imported integrated wavelength division multiplexer through bidirectional coupler, first of integrated wavelength division multiplexer, the anti-Stokes of second output port output and Stokes spontaneous Raman scattering light are respectively through first, second photoelectricity receives amplification module and enters direct detection system, directly detection system is handled input signal, by the ratio of anti-Stokes and Stokes spontaneous Raman scattering light, provide the temperature information of each section of optical fiber.The continuous laser of semiconductor exocoel arrowband jointed fiber laser instrument output is through channel-splitting filter, be modulated into the 30ns pulse laser by electrooptic modulator, again through isolator, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) and bidirectional coupler enter single-mode fiber, the Brillouin scattering dorsad of optical fiber is successively through bidirectional coupler, the 3rd output port of integrated wavelength division multiplexer, the transmission fiber grating of arrowband enters circulator, import the Coherent Detection system jointly with the local laser that enters circulator from channel-splitting filter, utilize the frequency displacement of Coherent Detection systematic survey optical fiber Brillouin scattered light, obtain the strain of each section of optical fiber and the information of temperature.
The temperature-measurement principle of fiber raman scattering: the strength ratio I (T) of anti-Stokes Raman diffused light and Stokes Raman diffused light:
φ wherein
a, φ
sBe the level value after opto-electronic conversion, v
a, v
sBe respectively the frequency of anti-Stokes Raman scattering photon and Stokes Raman scattering photon, h is Bo Langke (Planck) constant, h=6.626 068 76.52x10
-34J.s (physics constant data in 1998), Δ v
rThe phonon frequency that is an optical fiber molecule is 13.2THz, and k is a Boltzmann constant, k=1.380 650324x10
-23JK
-1, T is Kai Erwen (Kelvin) absolute temperature.By both strength ratios, obtain the temperature information of each section of optical fiber.
The measurement strain of optical fiber Brillouin scattering, temperature principle: in optical fiber, the nonlinear interaction of sound wave in the laser of incident optical and the optical fiber, light wave produces sound wave by electrostriction, the periodic modulation that causes optical fibre refractivity forms the space refractive-index grating, produce the Brillouin scattering that frequency moves down, the frequency displacement v of the Brillouin scattering dorsad that in optical fiber, produces
BFor:
v
B＝2nv/λ (2)
Wherein n is the refractive index at lambda1-wavelength λ place, and v is the velocity of sound in the optical fiber, to silica fibre, and near λ=1550nm, v
BBe about 11GHz.
Brillouin scattering optical frequency shift v in optical fiber
BHave strain and temperature effect
The frequency displacement of Brillouin scattering
δv
B＝C
vεδε+C
vTδT (4)
The coefficient of strain C of frequency displacement wherein
V εWith temperature coefficient C
VTFor
C
vε＝0.0482±0.004MHz/με，C
vT＝1.10±0.02MHz/K
By measuring optical fiber dorsad the frequency displacement of Brillouin line obtain the dependent variable of each section on the optical fiber.
Advantage: the utility model merges principle and wavelength-division multiplex principle based on the nonlinear fiber optical scattering, adopt two LASER Light Source, wherein, semiconductor FP chamber pulse band optical fiber laser instrument utilizes optical fiber spontaneous Raman scattering Strong degree to compare thermometric, another semiconductor exocoel arrowband jointed fiber laser instrument utilizes the frequency displacement of optical fiber spontaneous brillouin scattering line to survey strain, increased the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of system, when online temperature and strain are realized in the space, measured and improved measuring accuracy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of distributed fiber Raman of the present utility model, Brillouin scattering sensor.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, distributed fiber Raman of the present utility model, Brillouin scattering sensor, comprise semiconductor FP chamber pulse band optical fiber laser instrument 11, semiconductor exocoel arrowband jointed fiber laser instrument 12, channel-splitting filter 13, electrooptic modulator 14, isolator 15, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 16, bidirectional coupler 17, integrated wavelength division multiplexer 19, two photoelectricity receive amplification module 20,21, direct detection system 22, the transmission fiber grating 23 of arrowband, circulator 24 and Coherent Detection system 25, the output terminal of semiconductor FP chamber pulse band optical fiber laser instrument 11 links to each other with an input end of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 16, the output terminal of semiconductor exocoel arrowband jointed fiber laser instrument 12 links to each other with the input end of channel-splitting filter 13, an output terminal of channel-splitting filter 13 connects electrooptic modulator 14 successively, another input end of isolator 15 and Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 16, the output terminal of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 16 links to each other with the input end of bidirectional coupler 17, an output terminal of bidirectional coupler 17 links to each other with single-mode fiber 18, another output terminal of bidirectional coupler 17 links to each other with the input end of integrated wavelength division multiplexer 19, two output ports of integrated wavelength division multiplexer 19 are respectively through first, second photoelectricity receives amplification module 20,21 link to each other with direct detection system 22, the 3rd output port of integrated wavelength division multiplexer 19 links to each other with an input end of circulator 24 through the transmission fiber grating 23 of arrowband, another input end of circulator 24 links to each other with another output terminal of channel-splitting filter 13, and the output terminal of circulator 24 links to each other with Coherent Detection system 25.
Above-mentioned semiconductor pulse optical fiber 11 be pulse width less than 30ns, wavelength is the high-capacity optical fiber laser in the semiconductor FP chamber of 1550nm.Semiconductor exocoel narrow band fiber laser instrument 12 is that spectral width is 10MHz, and wavelength is the semiconductor exocoel jointed fiber laser instrument of 1555nm, is modulated into the pulsed laser that pulsewidth is 30ns through electrooptic modulator.Two light sources are in different-waveband, have realized wavelength-division multiplex.
Above-mentioned integrated wavelength division multiplexer is to use the bright prosperous photoelectricity SZMX-WDM-2 of the company type wavelength division multiplexer in Shenzhen, by two pairs of fiber couplers, GRIN Lens parallel light path, centre wavelength 1450nm spectral bandwidth 38nm, low-loss＜0.3dB optical filter and centre wavelength 1660nm spectral bandwidth 40nm, low-loss＜0.5dB optical filter is formed.It has an input port and three output ports, first output port is the 1450nm port, second output port is the 1660nm port, the 3rd output port is the 1550nm port, wherein, first output port is an optical fiber anti-Stokes Raman diffused light delivery outlet, and second output port is an optical fiber Stokes Raman diffused light delivery outlet, and the 3rd output port is fiber Rayleigh and Brillouin scattering delivery outlet.
The transmission fiber grating 23 of described arrowband is that centre wavelength is the transmission fiber grating of 1555.08nm arrowband, spectral bandwidth is 0.1nm, loss＜0.3dB, the fiber grating of isolation＞35dB, choose the optical fiber Brillouin scattered light from integrated ripple multiplexer the 3rd port, isolate fiber Rayleigh scattering dorsad.
Described first, second optical fiber photoelectricity receives amplification module 20,21, and low noise InGaAs photoelectricity avalanche diode, low noise MAX4107 prime amplifier and the main amplifier that is connected by optical fiber constitutes respectively.
Described direct detection system 22 can adopt the binary channels 100MHz bandwidth of America NI company, the NI5911 type signal processing card of 100MS/s acquisition rate, or adopt Canadian GaGe company binary channels, the CS21GB-1GHz type signal processing card of 500MS/s acquisition rate.
Described Coherent Detection system 25 carries out Coherent Detection with this flash of light preceding an earthquake of reverse optical fiber Brillouin scattered light and exocoel narrow band fiber laser instrument by the photoelectric detector beat frequency, measures the strain information that frequency displacement obtains each section of optical fiber.
Claims (5)
1. distributed fiber Raman, Brillouin scattering sensor, it is characterized in that comprising semiconductor FP chamber pulse band optical fiber laser instrument (11), semiconductor exocoel arrowband jointed fiber laser instrument (12), channel-splitting filter (13), electrooptic modulator (14), isolator (15), Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (16), bidirectional coupler (17), integrated wavelength division multiplexer (19), two photoelectricity receive amplification module (20), (21), direct detection system (22), the transmission fiber grating (23) of arrowband, circulator (24) and Coherent Detection system (25), the output terminal of semiconductor FP chamber pulse band optical fiber laser instrument (11) links to each other with an input end of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (16), the output terminal of semiconductor exocoel arrowband jointed fiber laser instrument (12) links to each other with the input end of channel-splitting filter (13), an output terminal of channel-splitting filter (13) connects electrooptic modulator (14) successively, another input end of isolator (15) and Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (16), the output terminal of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (16) links to each other with the input end of bidirectional coupler (17), an output terminal of bidirectional coupler (17) links to each other with single-mode fiber (18), another output terminal of bidirectional coupler (17) links to each other with the input end of integrated wavelength division multiplexer (19), two output ports of integrated wavelength division multiplexer (19) are respectively through first, second photoelectricity receives amplification module (20), (21) link to each other with direct detection system (22), the 3rd output port of integrated wavelength division multiplexer (19) links to each other with an input end of circulator (24) through the transmission fiber grating (23) of arrowband, another input end of circulator (24) links to each other with another output terminal of channel-splitting filter (13), and the output terminal of circulator (24) links to each other with Coherent Detection system (25).
2. distributed fiber Raman according to claim 1, Brillouin scattering sensor, the pulse width that it is characterized in that semiconductor FP chamber pulse band optical fiber laser instrument (11) are less than 30ns, and wavelength is 1550nm.
3. distributed fiber Raman according to claim 1, Brillouin scattering sensor, the spectral width that it is characterized in that semiconductor exocoel arrowband jointed fiber laser instrument (12) is 10MHz, wavelength is 1555nm.
4. distributed fiber Raman according to claim 1, Brillouin scattering sensor, it is characterized in that integrated wavelength division multiplexer is by two pairs of fiber couplers, GRIN Lens parallel light path and centre wavelength 1450nm, spectral bandwidth 38nm, the optical filter of loss＜0.3dB and centre wavelength 1660nm, spectral bandwidth 40nm, the optical filter of loss＜0.3dB is formed, integrated wavelength division multiplexer has four ports, an input port, three output ports, first output port is the 1450nm port, be optical fiber anti-Stokes Raman diffused light delivery outlet, second output port is the 1660nm port, be optical fiber Stokes Raman diffused light delivery outlet, the 3rd output port is the 1550nm port, is fiber Rayleigh and Brillouin scattering delivery outlet.
5. distributed fiber Raman according to claim 1, Brillouin scattering sensor, the transmission fiber grating (23) that it is characterized in that the arrowband are that centre wavelength is 1555.08nm, and spectral bandwidth is 0.1nm, loss＜0.3dB, the fiber grating of isolation＞35dB.
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| CN101852655A (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2010-10-06 | 中国计量学院 | Distributed fiber Raman/Brillouin scattering sensor |
| RU2458325C1 (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2012-08-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ПетроФайбер" | Method of measuring temperature distribution and device for realising said method |
| CN104198084A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-10 | 河海大学 | Closed-loop feedback type passive waveguide micro temperature sensor |
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| CN110277730A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-24 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | A kind of integrated Brillouin scattering laser |
| CN112378430A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-19 | 太原理工大学 | Distributed optical fiber Raman sensing device and method based on chaotic laser |
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