CN201535876U - Solar slit tracking device - Google Patents

Solar slit tracking device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201535876U
CN201535876U CN2009202322682U CN200920232268U CN201535876U CN 201535876 U CN201535876 U CN 201535876U CN 2009202322682 U CN2009202322682 U CN 2009202322682U CN 200920232268 U CN200920232268 U CN 200920232268U CN 201535876 U CN201535876 U CN 201535876U
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China
Prior art keywords
scrambler
group
output
door
solar
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN2009202322682U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
金明
朱晓东
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Changzhou GianSolar System Integration Co Ltd
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Changzhou GianSolar System Integration Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar slit tracking device, which comprises a step motor, an optical signal collector, a coding system and a singlechip, wherein the step motor drives a solar panel to rotate, the optical signal collector is provided with a plurality of photosensors, the coding system comprises a coder group, an AND gate device group and coders, the AND gate device group is connected with the coder group and is connected with the singlechip, the coders are connected with the coder group, the singlechip is also connected with the step motor, and the singlechip obtains the concrete coders outputting low level in the coder group through calculating coding signals output by the coders, and calculates the concrete number of a photosensitive diode irradiated by sunlight through electric signals output by the coders and the AND gate device group for sending commands of making the step motor to rotate a step angle. The utility model belongs to the solar slit tracking device which can realize the real-time tracking on the sun by a solar battery for improving the solar utilization efficiency.

Description

Solar slit tracking device
Technical field
The utility model relates to the photovoltaic technology field, particularly a kind of solar slit tracking device.
Background technology
Along with becoming increasingly conspicuous of the energy and environmental problem, the development and utilization of regenerative resource has caused common people's attention gradually.Sun power with its cleaning, have a very wide distribution, utilize characteristics such as convenient to become to develop regenerative resource faster.Solar energy power generating is one of principal mode of sun power utilization, but because costing an arm and a leg of present solar panel causes the cost of photovoltaic generation high, so restricted the development of solar energy power generating industry.Therefore how to improve the utilization ratio of sun power, reduce sun power and utilize cost to become the focus of present people's research.
Fig. 5 describes motion and in each the season variation of solar orbit of the sun in one day.As shown in the figure, solar motion is relevant with time and season by each position.The existing tracker able to programme that is used to follow the tracks of solar motion, wherein tracking velocity and similar parameters go out according to the sun's motion calculated in advance, and along calculating the path trace sun of determining based on these.Yet this tracker able to programme exists following shortcoming:
The first, when solar cell is installed, require high precision that compass point and horizontal line are set.So, exist a long-term problem of using the back accumulation of error, and the curve complicated problems that becomes when also having a control nonuniform speed.
The second, above-mentioned tracker be stepper motor drive that cell panel do not stop go to adjust that to rotate purpose be to find lowest high-current value, and a series of actions before finding lowest high-current value all is the electric energy in the waste system.
The utility model content
At above-mentioned technical matters, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of solar cell that can make the sun is carried out real-time follow-up, to improve the solar slit tracking device of sun power utilization ratio.
The technical scheme that realizes the utility model purpose is as follows:
Solar slit tracking device, comprise and drive the stepper motor that solar panel rotates, and the light signal collection device that is provided with several photosensitive devices, also comprise coded system and single-chip microcomputer, wherein coded system comprises the scrambler group, the input end of each scrambler in the scrambler group all is connected with a photosensitive device, and the photosensitive device that each scrambler in the scrambler group is subjected to illumination to any time is converted into low level output; And be connected with the scrambler group with door device group, be connected with single-chip microcomputer with door device group; And the code device that is connected with the scrambler group, code device is connected with single-chip microcomputer, and code device is encoded the electric signal that each scrambler in the scrambler group outputs to this code device, and this coded signal is sent to single-chip microcomputer;
Single-chip microcomputer also is connected with stepper motor, and single-chip microcomputer is with the coded signal of code device output, by calculating the scrambler of concrete output low level in the scrambler group; And by receive code device and with the electric signal of door device group output, calculate the concrete numbering of the photodiode that is subjected to solar light irradiation, make stepper motor rotate the order of stepping angle number to send.
Adopt such scheme advantage be: at first, by delivering to coded system behind the light signal collection device collection light signal, coded system sends to single-chip microcomputer after treatment with this signal, single-chip microcomputer calculates the back by analysis and determines that solar irradiation is mapped on the concrete photosensitive device, single-chip microcomputer sends the order that makes stepper motor rotation stepping angle number, so that solar panel can produce maximum current.Secondly, light signal collection device of the present utility model is as long as install in suitable place, and it installs the restriction of nonfertilization degree.And, therefore, do not have the problem of signal errors accumulation, and can make the control curve become comparatively simple because the light signal collection device is accepted the irradiation of the sun constantly, and its acquired signal also is continuous.The 3rd, before solar panel obtains maximum current, stepper motor need not to drive solar panel and rotates, but analyze by the control of single-chip microcomputer, after learning the position of lowest high-current value, send the maximum current dot position information to stepper motor and make disposable this position that forwards to of solar panel.Not only efficient and precision are all very high, and this device can't be wasted the electric energy of system.
Further, the first coding output terminal of each scrambler in the scrambler group all be connected to door device group in first with door, the second coding output terminal of each scrambler all is connected to second and door with door device group, the 3rd coding output terminal of each scrambler is connected to the 3rd and door with door device group, and the priority encoding working mark end of each scrambler in the scrambler group is connected to the input end of code device.By a main kind of connected mode, the quantity that can make input end is 2 Nth power of output terminal quantity, and expands whole device and also be easy to.
Further, comprise eight scramblers in the scrambler group, wherein the output enable end of first scrambler connects the input Enable Pin of second scrambler, the output enable end of second scrambler connects the input Enable Pin of the 3rd scrambler, the output enable end of the 3rd scrambler connects the input Enable Pin of the 4th scrambler, the output enable end of the 4th scrambler connects the input Enable Pin of the 5th scrambler, the output enable end of the 5th scrambler connects the input Enable Pin of the 6th scrambler, the output enable end of the 6th scrambler connects the input Enable Pin of the 7th scrambler, and the output enable end of the 7th scrambler connects the input Enable Pin of the 8th scrambler.The output enable end of these scramblers is linked to each other with the input Enable Pin, can carry out priority encoding,, make and to export a low level electric signal in the scrambler group at synchronization.
Further, the light signal collection device comprises hemispherical light penetrating object, is evenly equipped with several dividing plates in the light penetrating object, and the part between the dividing plate is a slit in twos, is provided with the photosensitive device of gathering light signal in each slit.By dividing plate, not only can form the slit that photosensitive device is installed, and when illumination is mapped in a certain slit, can prevent in the light transmissive adjacent slit by dividing plate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of solar slit tracking device of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of light signal collection device;
Fig. 2 a is the P portion enlarged drawing of Fig. 2;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of coded system;
Fig. 4 is the encoder truth table synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of solar motion track;
In the accompanying drawing, 10 is stepper motor, and 11 is the light signal collection device, 12 is coded system, and 13 is single-chip microcomputer, and 14 is light penetrating object, 15 is dividing plate, and 16 is slit, and 17 is photosensitive device, 18 is the scrambler group, 19 are and door device group, and 20 is code device, and 21 is first scrambler, 22 is second scrambler, 23 is the 3rd scrambler, and 24 is the 4th scrambler, and 25 is the 5th scrambler, 26 is the 6th scrambler, 27 is the 7th scrambler, and 28 is the 8th scrambler, 29 be first with the door, 30 be second with the door, 31 be the 3rd with the door.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 3 and Fig. 2 a, this practicality 3Novel solar slit tracking device, comprise and drive the stepper motor 10 that solar panel rotates, and the light signal collection device 11 that is provided with several photosensitive devices, also comprise coded system 12 and single-chip microcomputer 13, between coded system and light signal collection device, insert a high level VCC, the high flat VCC of this electricity is connected between coded system and the light signal collection device by resistance R.Wherein coded system 12 comprises scrambler group 18, the input end of each scrambler in the scrambler group all is connected with a photosensitive device, the photosensitive device that each scrambler in the scrambler group is subjected to illumination to any time is converted into the low level output with algebraically meaning, owing to by single-chip microcomputer photosensitive device is numbered in order, so the algebraically meaning is promptly represented the numbering of photosensitive device.And be connected with the scrambler group with door device group 19, be connected with single-chip microcomputer with door device group.And the code device 20 that is connected with the scrambler group, code device is connected 13 with single-chip microcomputer, and code device 20 is encoded the electric signal that each scrambler in the scrambler group 18 outputs to this code device, and this coded signal is sent to single-chip microcomputer 13.Single-chip microcomputer 13 also is connected with stepper motor 10, and single-chip microcomputer 13 is with the coded signal of code device 20 outputs, by calculating the scrambler of concrete output low level in the scrambler group; And by receive code device 20 and with the electric signal of door device group 19 output, calculate the concrete numbering of the photodiode that is subjected to solar light irradiation, make stepper motor rotate the order of stepping angle number to send.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 2 a, in Fig. 1, light signal collection device 11 is carried out simplified painting, promptly be reduced to the apperance of a photosensitive device.And the light signal collection device 11 in Fig. 2 adopts the comparatively detailed technique of painting, light signal collection device 11 comprises hemispherical light penetrating object 14, be evenly equipped with several dividing plates 15 in the light penetrating object, part between the dividing plate is a slit 16 in twos, when illumination is mapped in a certain slit, can prevent in the light transmissive adjacent slit by dividing plate.Be provided with the photosensitive device 17 of gathering light signal in each slit, photosensitive device is a photodiode, and each photosensitive device connects a pin of scrambler in the scrambler group 18 in order by lead, and photosensitive device is delivered to scrambler group 18 with the illumination signal.In the light signal collection device 11 shown in the utility model, 64 slits are arranged, between the radian between two adjacent slits 2.8125 degree.A photosensitive device all is housed in each slit, therefore 64 photosensitive devices are arranged.Can draw by Fig. 1, when all not having illumination on all photosensitive devices, the voltage at node Ei place is the voltage of power supply VCC, is high level, and each scrambler all has the high level input.When on any one photosensitive device illumination being arranged, this photosensitive device conducting, at this moment the voltage of node Ei is that VCC deducts the every break-over of device voltage of light, obtains low level, and the low level input is arranged in the scrambler.
With reference to Fig. 3, comprise eight scramblers in the scrambler group 18, each scrambler has 8 input ends, and eight scramblers are totally 64 input ends.Each input end connects a photosensitive device, and therefore, photosensitive device is 64 altogether.In these photosensitive devices, by single-chip microcomputer each photosensitive device is numbered, first photosensitive device to be numbered 0, the second be 1, be 63 until last.
Each scrambler in the scrambler group is 74LS148 type priority encoder.Wherein the output enable end of first scrambler 21 connects the input Enable Pin of second scrambler 22, the output enable end of second scrambler 22 connects the input Enable Pin of the 3rd scrambler 23, the output enable end of the 3rd scrambler 23 connects the input Enable Pin of the 4th scrambler 24, the output enable end of the 4th scrambler 24 connects the input Enable Pin of the 5th scrambler 25, the output enable end of the 5th scrambler 25 connects the input Enable Pin of the 6th scrambler 26, the output enable end of the 6th scrambler 26 connects the input Enable Pin of the 7th scrambler 27, and 27 output enable ends of the 7th scrambler connect the input Enable Pin of the 8th scrambler 28.The output enable end of these scramblers is linked to each other with the input Enable Pin, can carry out priority encoding, for example when sunshine shines on three photosensitive devices simultaneously, scrambler is with the numbering of the photosensitive device of the maximum numbering of three photosensitive devices output low level of encoding, and the numbering of all the other two photosensitive devices is exported high level after by encoder encodes, can prevent to have simultaneously the output of three low levels like this, promptly no matter under any light conditions, the scrambler group can only be exported a low level.
With reference to Fig. 3, the first coding output terminal of each scrambler in the scrambler group 18 all be connected to door device group 19 in first with the output terminal of door 29, the first and door 29 be A0, first is connected the interface P1.0 of single-chip microcomputer with 29 output terminals A 0; The second coding output terminal of each scrambler all be connected to door device group second with the output terminal of door 30, the second and door be A1, second is connected the interface P1.1 of single-chip microcomputer with 30 output terminals A 1; The 3rd coding output terminal of each scrambler be connected to door device group the 3rd with the output terminal of door 31, the three and door be A2, the 3rd is connected the interface P1.2 of single-chip microcomputer with 31 output terminals A 2.The priority encoding working mark end G of each scrambler in the scrambler group SBe connected to the input end of code device 20, the output terminal of code device and priority encoding working mark end all are connected to single-chip microcomputer.When code device 20 outputs to single-chip microcomputer with the signal of its priority encoding working mark end, after calculating, can learn by single-chip microcomputer scrambler in the scrambler group of concrete output low level.Code device 20 comprises a priority encoder at least, and priority encoder is a 74LS148 type priority encoder, and in the present embodiment, the quantity of the priority encoder in the code device is 1.With the output terminal that has 3 to be used to calculate the photosensitive device numbering in the door device group, i.e. A0, A1, A2; And code device 20 also has 3 output terminals that are used to calculate the photosensitive device numbering, i.e. A3, A4, A5, and wherein, A3 connects the interface P1.3 of single-chip microcomputer, and A4 connects the interface P1.4 of single-chip microcomputer, and A5 connects the interface P1.5 of single-chip microcomputer, and G SThe interface P1.6 or P1.7 or the P2.0 etc. that connect single-chip microcomputer all can.The utility model has 6 coding output terminals like this.And be 64 input ends according to aforementioned slit tracking device of the present utility model, promptly input end is 2 a Nth power of output terminal.According to design of the present utility model, whole device can also be expanded to 128 input ends, 7 output terminals; Perhaps 256 input ends, 8 output terminals.And these expansions just increase corresponding parts and can achieve the goal, and promptly increase the scrambler in the scrambler group, and increase the scrambler in the code device 20.
Referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 4 and Fig. 2 a, in the form of Fig. 4, the symbol of making fork can be high level 1, also can be low level 0.Illustrate working condition of the present utility model with 8 scramblers (being that coded system is: 64 input ends, 6 output terminals) in the scrambler group below:
For avoiding singularity, suppose solar irradiation to 37 slit this moment, such No. 37 photosensitive devices receive illumination, make X37 pin input low level 0 in the scrambler group (the input pin I5 input low level 0 of the 5th scrambler 25 just, this moment is through the 5th scrambler 25 codings, output is a2a1a0=010 as a result), and the first, second, third coding output terminal output separately of other (except the 5th scrambler 25) seven scramblers all is high level 1.Since the first coding output terminal a0 of each scrambler all be connected to door device group 19 in first with door 29, the second coding output terminal a1 of each scrambler all is connected to second and door 30 with door device group, and the 3rd coding output terminal a2 of each scrambler is connected to the 3rd and door 31 with door device group.Be respectively new coding with in the door device group three outputs: i.e. A2A1A0=010 with door.(determining with the door characteristic: be output as 0 for low level is 0) as long as the input pin of AND circuit has one.And at this moment, the priority encoding working mark end G of each scrambler in the scrambler group SThe level of pin output, from the 8th scrambler being arranged as to first scrambler: 11101111, this encoded device of encoding is transported to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer is through after calculating, and knowing in the scrambler group has low level output on the 5th scrambler.Being encoded to of three output terminal outputs of code device 20: A5A4A3=011.The result of final whole coded system output is: A5A4A3A2A1A0=011010, it is 37 that this result calculates its value through single-chip microcomputer.The photosensitive device of supposing the previous moment solar light irradiation is No. 34, and at this moment shines upon at No. 37 photosensitive devices, and 3 stepping angles of Single-chip Controlling stepper motor rotation at this moment make the solar panel and the sun positive relative, realize real-time tracing.
Suppose next solar irradiation to 38 slit constantly, such No. 38 photosensitive devices receive illumination, make X38 pin input low level 0 in the scrambler group (the input pin I6 input low level 0 of the 5th scrambler 26 just, this moment is through the 5th scrambler 26 codings, output is a2a1a0=001 as a result), and the first, second, third coding output terminal output separately of other (except the 5th scrambler 25) seven scramblers all is high level 1.Since the first coding output terminal a0 of each scrambler all be connected to door device group 19 in first with door 29, the second coding output terminal a1 of each scrambler all is connected to second and door 30 with door device group, the 3rd coding output terminal a2 of each scrambler be connected to door device group the 3rd with door 31, with in the door device group three with outputs be respectively new coding: i.e. A2A1A0=001.And at this moment, the priority encoding working mark end G of each scrambler in the scrambler group SThe level of pin output, from the 8th scrambler being arranged as to first scrambler: 11101111, this encoded device of encoding is transported to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer is through after calculating, and knowing in the scrambler group has low level output on the 5th scrambler.Being encoded to of three output terminal outputs of code device 20: A5A4A3=011.The result of final whole coded system output is: A5A4A3A2A1A0=011001, it is 38 that this result calculates its value through single-chip microcomputer.Because the photosensitive device of previous moment solar light irradiation is No. 37,1 stepping angle of Single-chip Controlling stepper motor rotation at this moment makes the solar panel and the sun positive relative, realizes real-time tracing.

Claims (8)

1. solar slit tracking device, comprise and drive the stepper motor that solar panel rotates, and the light signal collection device that is provided with several photosensitive devices, it is characterized in that: also comprise coded system and single-chip microcomputer, wherein coded system comprises the scrambler group, the input end of each scrambler in the scrambler group all is connected with a photosensitive device, and the photosensitive device that each scrambler in the scrambler group is subjected to illumination to any time is converted into low level output; And be connected with the scrambler group with door device group, be connected with single-chip microcomputer with door device group; And the code device that is connected with the scrambler group, code device is connected with single-chip microcomputer, and code device is encoded the electric signal that each scrambler in the scrambler group outputs to this code device, and this coded signal is sent to single-chip microcomputer;
Described single-chip microcomputer also is connected with stepper motor, and single-chip microcomputer is with the coded signal of code device output, by calculating the scrambler of concrete output low level in the scrambler group; And by receive code device and with the electric signal of door device group output, calculate the concrete numbering of the photodiode that is subjected to solar light irradiation, make stepper motor rotate the order of stepping angle number to send.
2. solar slit tracking device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the first coding output terminal of each scrambler in the scrambler group all be connected to door device group in first with door, the second coding output terminal of each scrambler all is connected to second and door with door device group, the 3rd coding output terminal of each scrambler is connected to the 3rd and door with door device group, and the priority encoding working mark end of each scrambler in the scrambler group is connected to the input end of code device.
3. solar slit tracking device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: each scrambler in the described scrambler group is 74LS148 type priority encoder.
4. solar slit tracking device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: comprise eight scramblers in the described scrambler group, wherein the output enable end of first scrambler connects the input Enable Pin of second scrambler, the output enable end of second scrambler connects the input Enable Pin of the 3rd scrambler, the output enable end of the 3rd scrambler connects the input Enable Pin of the 4th scrambler, the output enable end of the 4th scrambler connects the input Enable Pin of the 5th scrambler, the output enable end of the 5th scrambler connects the input Enable Pin of the 6th scrambler, the output enable end of the 6th scrambler connects the input Enable Pin of the 7th scrambler, and the output enable end of the 7th scrambler connects the input Enable Pin of the 8th scrambler.
5. solar slit tracking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described code device is a priority encoder, and the output terminal of code device and priority encoding working mark end all are connected to single-chip microcomputer.
6. according to claim 1 or 4 described solar slit tracking devices, it is characterized in that: described code device is a 74LS148 type priority encoder.
7. solar slit tracking device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described light signal collection device comprises hemispherical light penetrating object, be evenly equipped with several dividing plates in the light penetrating object, the part between the dividing plate is a slit in twos, is provided with the photosensitive device of gathering light signal in each slit.
8. solar slit tracking device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the quantity of described slit is 64, perhaps 128, and perhaps 256.
CN2009202322682U 2009-10-09 2009-10-09 Solar slit tracking device Expired - Fee Related CN201535876U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101697081B (en) * 2009-10-09 2011-07-13 常州佳讯光电系统工程有限公司 Solar slit tracking device
CN106500654A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-03-15 江苏大学 A kind of device and method for obtaining sunshine normally incident direction
CN106843286A (en) * 2017-02-13 2017-06-13 江苏大学 A kind of control method of solar street light from motion tracking sun angle
CN107024942A (en) * 2017-06-21 2017-08-08 深圳市奈士迪技术研发有限公司 A kind of efficient intelligent photovoltaic generating equipment

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101697081B (en) * 2009-10-09 2011-07-13 常州佳讯光电系统工程有限公司 Solar slit tracking device
CN106500654A (en) * 2016-12-20 2017-03-15 江苏大学 A kind of device and method for obtaining sunshine normally incident direction
CN106500654B (en) * 2016-12-20 2019-05-31 江苏大学 A kind of device and method obtaining sunlight normally incident direction
CN106843286A (en) * 2017-02-13 2017-06-13 江苏大学 A kind of control method of solar street light from motion tracking sun angle
CN106843286B (en) * 2017-02-13 2019-05-31 江苏大学 A kind of solar street light automatically tracks the control method of sun angle
CN107024942A (en) * 2017-06-21 2017-08-08 深圳市奈士迪技术研发有限公司 A kind of efficient intelligent photovoltaic generating equipment
CN107024942B (en) * 2017-06-21 2019-12-06 双杰新能有限公司 Intelligent photovoltaic power generation equipment

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