A kind of pneumatic equipment blades made with the woven hollow fabric of spacer structure
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of pneumatic equipment blades made, more particularly says, is meant a kind of pneumatic equipment blades made that adopts the preparation of spacer structure weaving.
Background technique
Wind-power electricity generation is that the wind energy collecting that disperses is got up to do mechanical work, is converted into electric energy again, thereby can be directly utilized by the mankind.Because the disposable energy (oil, coal etc.) is shortage more and more, the development and use of the recyclability energy become human common recognition, receive the very big concern of various countries.Wherein, wind energy is a kind of reproducibility energy that has business development to be worth at present most, will become an emphasis of China's energy exploitation and application.
By blade of wind-driven generator, the wind energy that unit energy density is lower can put together and form powerful rotating machinery merit, drives motor again, produces wind-powered electricity generation.So blade is the critical component of effective capturing wind energy, in wind-driven generator, occupy critical role, Blade Design and workmanship level are regarded as the key technology and the technical merit sign of wind-power generating system.Because the density of air is very little, blade of wind-driven generator must have enough big surface area, just may produce the scale and benefit of wind-powered electricity generation.Wind-power electricity generation and hydroelectric power are compared, because air density approximately is 1/180th of water density, suppose that wind speed is identical with the flow velocity of water, so, the power of desiring a typhoon power generator is provided is identical with the power that a hydraulic turbine generator provides, and the blade area of wind-driven generator just must be 180 times of hydraulic turbine generator blade area.Studies show that further the output power P of blower fan and rotor diameter d square are directly proportional, and are generally P=0.3 * d
2As seen, increase rotor diameter d, blower fan output power P will increase by exponential function.Therefore, the blade of wind-driven generator all be usually very long (length of blade of MW class generally more than 25 meters, 5 megawatts then above 60 meters), area is huge.How reducing the deadweight of blade, guarantee that simultaneously blade also has enough rigidity, intensity especially fatigue resistance and stability in the high wind field, is the key issue place that Blade Design and manufacturing face.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of pneumatic equipment blades made with the woven hollow fabric of spacer structure, and this blade adopts the spacer structure weaving to prepare.
The utility model is a kind of pneumatic equipment blades made with the woven hollow fabric of spacer structure, and this blade includes blade upper casing, blade lower casing, A keel bar, B keel bar; Blade root place when blade upper casing and blade lower casing matched moulds, promptly position, windward side inwall is provided with and strengthens pad; Blade tip place when blade upper casing and blade lower casing matched moulds is the sheltered side position; When blade upper casing and blade lower casing matched moulds, A keel bar, the parallel placement of B keel bar, and the last spacer between A keel bar and the B keel bar are promptly gone up bonding position inwall and are provided with the uplink connection pad, following spacer between A keel bar, the B keel bar, promptly bonding position inwall is provided with the downlink connection pad down;
The blade upper casing is identical with the tissue fabric structure of blade lower casing;
The B keel bar is identical with the composition structure of A keel bar;
The blade lower casing from the inside to the outside by highly gradient at interval hollow fabric, ± 45 ° of multiaxis one-way fabrics, basalt one-way fabric, surperficial felt and blade gel coats form; Wherein, highly gradient at interval hollow fabric constitute by upper layer of fabric, layer fabric and with the connection yarn that upper layer of fabric, layer fabric are stitched together;
The A keel bar is made up of last keel cambered surface fabric, lower keel cambered surface fabric, left side keel fabric and right side keel fabric, left side keel fabric and the parallel placement of right side keel fabric, and the upper end is connected with keel cambered surface fabric, and the lower end is connected with lower keel cambered surface fabric; Described upward keel cambered surface fabric is identical with the texture of fabric of lower keel cambered surface fabric, and promptly surface layer is ± 45 ° of multiaxis one-way fabrics, and nexine is the basalt one-way fabric; Left side keel fabric is identical with the texture of fabric of right side keel fabric, is the woven hollow fabric in interval; Left side keel fabric constitutes by upper layer of fabric, layer fabric and with the connection yarn that upper layer of fabric, layer fabric are stitched together; At interval woven hollow fabric hollow core connects the equal in length of yarn;
The last stem stem at sheltered side position interts mutually with following stem stem and interlocks, and forms cross-linking glue with bonding mode and connects.
Described pneumatic equipment blades made with the woven hollow fabric of spacer structure, the thickness h of left side keel fabric, right side keel fabric is 5~15mm in its A keel bar.
Described pneumatic equipment blades made with the woven hollow fabric of spacer structure, the upper layer of fabric in its highly gradient interval hollow fabric is identical with the texture of fabric of layer fabric, is any in the woven tissue of plain weave, twill or satin weave.
Described pneumatic equipment blades made, its highly gradient with the woven hollow fabric of spacer structure at interval hollow fabric be configured as waveform, " mountain " font or trapezoidal.
Described pneumatic equipment blades made with the woven hollow fabric of spacer structure, the yarn that upper layer of fabric, layer fabric, the connection yarn in its highly gradient interval hollow fabric adopts is glass fibre, carbon fiber or basalt fibre.
Blade of the present utility model has adopted the woven hollow fabric weaving process of spacer structure to make blade upper casing, blade lower casing, A keel bar, the B keel bar of enhancement mode blade.This has not only alleviated blade structure weight, and has improved whole blade integral rigidity, intensity and stability.This is in the cause that all is better than laminated plate structure aspect anti-interlayer shear, anti-delamination, shock resistance and bending resistance, the Torsion Section modulus because of integrated spaced structure.
The blade of wind-driven generator that the utility model adopts the spacer structure weaving to be prepared into has in light weight, outstanding advantages such as intensity is high, rigidity is big, Joint strength is big, good stability and durability, technology is simple, processing and preparing is easy, cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the utility model blade of wind-driven generator.
Fig. 2 is that the laminated material of the utility model blade lower casing is formed schematic representation.
Fig. 2 A is the structural drawing of highly gradient interval hollow fabric in the utility model blade lower casing.
Fig. 2 B is that highly gradient connects the schematic diagram of yarn in " W " type regular movement mode in the hollow fabric at interval.
Fig. 2 C is that highly gradient connects the schematic diagram of yarn in " V " type regular movement mode in the hollow fabric at interval.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the utility model A keel bar.
Fig. 3 A is the structural drawing of the interval hollow fabric of the utility model A keel bar.
Fig. 4 connects schematic representation for the cross-linking glue of the utility model blade tip.
Among the figure: 1. blade lower casing 11. highly gradients interval hollow fabric 101. connects yarns
102. 12. ± 45 ° of multiaxis one-way fabrics of upper layer of fabric 103. layer fabrics, 13. basalt one-way fabrics
14. keel cambered surface fabric on the surperficial felt 15. blade gel coats 2. blade upper casing 3.A keel bars 31.
32. lower keel cambered surface fabric 33. left side keel fabrics 34. right side keel fabrics
31a. ± 45 ° of multiaxis one-way fabric 31b. basalt one-way fabrics 301. connect yarn
302. upper layer of fabric 303. layer fabric 4.B keel bar 5. windward side position 5a. strengthen pad
6. 62. times stem stems of stem stem on the sheltered side position 61.
7. go up bonding position 7a. uplink connection pad
8. following bonding position 8a. downlink connection pad
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is described in further detail.
Conventional blade of wind-driven generator is divided into blade root, blade tip, blade, and the line of the central point of blade root and the central point of blade tip is called chord length.
Referring to shown in Figure 1, the utility model is a kind of pneumatic equipment blades made that adopts the spacer structure weaving to prepare, have the woven hollow fabric of spacer structure, and this blade includes blade upper casing 2, blade lower casing 1, A keel bar 3, B keel bar 4; Blade root place when blade upper casing 2 and blade lower casing 1 matched moulds, promptly position, windward side 5 inwalls are provided with and strengthen pad 5a; Blade tip place when blade upper casing 2 and blade lower casing 1 matched moulds is sheltered side position 6; When blade upper casing 2 and blade lower casing 1 matched moulds, A keel bar 3, the 4 parallel placements of B keel bar, and the last spacer between A keel bar 3 and the B keel bar 4, promptly go up bonding position 7 inwalls and be provided with uplink connection pad 7a, following spacer between A keel bar 3, the B keel bar 4, promptly bonding position 8 inwalls are provided with downlink connection pad 8a down.Blade of the present utility model has adopted the woven hollow fabric weaving process of spacer structure to make blade upper casing 2, blade lower casing 1, A keel bar 3, the B keel bar 4 of enhancement mode blade.This has not only alleviated blade structure weight, and has improved whole blade integral rigidity, intensity and stability.This is in the cause that all is better than laminated plate structure aspect anti-interlayer shear, anti-delamination, shock resistance and bending resistance, the Torsion Section modulus because of integrated spaced structure.
In the utility model, blade upper casing 2 is identical with the tissue fabric structure of blade lower casing 1.Referring to shown in Figure 2, blade lower casing 1 from the inside to the outside by highly gradient at interval hollow fabric 11, ± 45 ° of multiaxis one-way fabrics 12, basalt one-way fabric 13, surperficial felt 14 and blade gel coats 15 form.Wherein, highly gradient at interval hollow fabric 11 constitute (shown in Fig. 2 A) by upper layer of fabric 102, layer fabric 103 and connection yarn 101 that upper layer of fabric 102, layer fabric 103 are stitched together.Adopt connection yarn 101 to sew up upper layer of fabric 102 and used " W " type regular movement suture way, perhaps " V " type regular movement suture way with layer fabric 103.Shown in Fig. 2 B, connecting yarn 101 appears on upper layer of fabric 102, the layer fabric 103 in turn with " W " type rule, and the tissue in upper layer of fabric 102, the layer fabric 103 coupled together, during connection, connect the junction point of yarn 101 in upper layer of fabric 102, layer fabric 103 and discharge different length, so, form integrated spaced hollow core structures, and the height on the fabric thickness direction does not wait.Shown in Fig. 2 C, connecting yarn 101 appears on upper layer of fabric 102, the layer fabric 103 in turn with " V " type rule, and the tissue in upper layer of fabric 102, the layer fabric 103 coupled together, during connection, connect the junction point of yarn 101 in upper layer of fabric 102, layer fabric 103 and discharge different length, so, form integrated spaced hollow core structures, and the height on the fabric thickness direction does not wait.The yarn that upper layer of fabric 102 in the hollow fabric 11 of highly gradient interval, layer fabric 103, connection yarn 101 adopt is glass fibre, carbon fiber or basalt fibre, also can be that intensity reaches other lamination coatings as fan blade.In the utility model, the hollow fabric 11 medium-altitude settings of highly gradient interval are meant the configuration according to blade lower casing 1, form (the connection yarn 101 of different length can play support after impregnation solidifies effect) at the connection yarn 101 that discharges different length on blade lower casing 1 thickness direction.The described highly gradient configuration of hollow fabric 11 at interval can be waveform, " mountain " font, trapezoidal etc.Upper layer of fabric 102 is identical with the texture of fabric of layer fabric 103, can be any in the woven tissues such as plain weave, twill, satin weave.
In the utility model, B keel bar 4 is identical with the composition structure of A keel bar 3.Referring to shown in Figure 3, A keel bar 3 is made up of last keel cambered surface fabric 31, lower keel cambered surface fabric 32, left side keel fabric 33 and right side keel fabric 34, left side keel fabric 33 and the 34 parallel placements of right side keel fabric, and the upper end is connected with keel cambered surface fabric 31, and the lower end is connected with lower keel cambered surface fabric 32.In the utility model, last keel cambered surface fabric 31 is identical with the texture of fabric of lower keel cambered surface fabric 32, and promptly surface layer is ± 45 ° of multiaxis one-way fabric 31a, and nexine is basalt one-way fabric 31b.Left side keel fabric 33 is identical with the texture of fabric of right side keel fabric 34, is interval woven hollow fabric (shown in Fig. 3 A).Among the figure, left side keel fabric 33 is made of upper layer of fabric 302, layer fabric 303 and connection yarn 301 that upper layer of fabric 302, layer fabric 303 are stitched together.Adopt connection yarn 301 to sew up upper layer of fabric 302 and used " W " shape suture way, perhaps " V " shape suture way with layer fabric 303.In the utility model, at interval woven hollow fabric hollow core connects the equal in length of yarn 301.Upper layer of fabric 302 is identical with the texture of fabric of layer fabric 303, can be any in the woven tissues such as plain weave, twill, satin weave.Left side keel fabric 33 is 5~15mm with the thickness h of right side keel fabric 34.
Blade tip place when blade upper casing 2 and blade lower casing 1 matched moulds, it is sheltered side position 6, adopt earlier the polishing mode that the yarn that is connected in separately the highly gradient interval hollow fabric in blade upper casing 2 and the blade lower casing 1 is polished out, when matched moulds glueds joint, stem stem 61 on each self-forming (the connection yarn in the highly gradient interval hollow fabric of blade upper casing 2), following stem stem 62 (the connection yarn in the highly gradient interval hollow fabric of blade lower casing 1), last stem stem 61 interts staggered with following stem stem 62 mutually, the cross-linking glue that forms one with bonding mode connects, referring to shown in Figure 4.Adopt this kind cross-linking glue to connect and strengthened blade upper casing 2 and the bonding strength of blade lower casing 1 effectively at sheltered side position 6.
In the utility model, the blade root place when (A) blade upper casing 2 is with blade lower casing 1 matched moulds, promptly position, windward side 5 inwalls are provided with and strengthen pad 5a; When (B) blade upper casing 2 was with blade lower casing 1 matched moulds, A keel bar 3, B keel bar 4 parallel last bonding position 7 inwalls of placing the upper end were provided with uplink connection pad 7a; When (C) blade upper casing 2 was with blade lower casing 1 matched moulds, following bonding position 8 inwalls of A keel bar 3, B keel bar 4 parallel placement lower ends were provided with downlink connection pad 8a.The structure of strengthening pad 5a, uplink connection pad 7a and downlink connection pad 8a is identical with the structure at sheltered side position 6.Promptly, adopt earlier the polishing mode that the yarn that is connected in the highly gradient interval hollow fabric of blade upper casing 2 and blade lower casing 1 different parts is polished out, when matched moulds glueds joint, on the blade upper casing 2 is last stem stem, on the blade lower casing 1 is following stem stem, last stem stem interts mutually with following stem stem and interlocks, and the cross-linking glue that forms one with bonding mode connects.This has just increased the area at the splicing interface between adhesive and the reinforcing fiber greatly, improved between blade upper casing 2 and the blade lower casing 1, the bonding strength between blade upper casing 2 and A keel bar 3, the B keel bar 4, between blade lower casing 1 and A keel bar 3, the B keel bar 4, this also helps to improve integral rigidity, intensity and the stability of blade.