Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, provide a kind of and can change the full-automatic automatically controlled variable color liquid crystal sunglasses that changes the eyeglass transmittance with extraneous light intensity in real time, this sunglasses can be realized realizing becoming light with the speed with human eye pupil dilation time coupling, and have simple in structure, volume is little, little power consumption, advantage that use cost is low.
The technical scheme that addresses the above problem is (referring to implementing illustration): the utility model is by spectacle frame, and the liquid crystal lens, control module and the opto-electronic conversion battery that are contained on the spectacle frame are formed, the control voltage output end of described control module is electrically connected with the electrode of liquid crystal lens, be used for applying control voltage to liquid crystal lens, the voltage output end of described opto-electronic conversion battery is connected with the control module voltage input end, be used for powering to control module simultaneously to the transducing signal of control module input with the light intensity variation.
The transmitance of liquid crystal lens in visible-range is relevant with control voltage on being added in its two electrode: when control voltage surpasses the control voltage threshold of setting and be lower than the setting maximal value of control voltage, transmitance can reduce with the rising of control voltage, utilize this characteristic, such scheme is controlled the voltage that is added on the liquid crystal lens with control module, reaches the purpose of variable color; And the utility model utilizes the opto-electronic conversion battery to have transform light energy is electric energy, and its output voltage can be with the characteristic of intensity variation,, for providing light transducing signal and power supply, control module that is to say with a kind of parts of light Electroconversion cell to have replaced conventional batteries and two kinds of functions of components of light intensity sensor with the light Electroconversion cell.
Its principle of work is:
When the voltage of opto-electronic conversion battery reception solar energy generation was lower than the operating threshold threshold voltage of control module number setting, control module was in dormant state, does not have control signal output; This moment, the transmitance of liquid crystal lens reached its maximal value; When the voltage of opto-electronic conversion battery reception solar energy generation surpasses the operating threshold threshold voltage of control module, the output terminal of control module is the control voltage that output amplitude changes with input voltage, at this moment the transmitance of liquid crystal lens descends with the increase of control voltage, ambient light illumination is strong more, control voltage is high more, and the eyeglass transmitance is just low more.Thereby realize the automatically controlled fully-automatic conversion light of sunglasses.
The utility model can be regulated the transmissivity of eyeglass automatically according to ambient light, when ambient light illumination uprises, the transmitance step-down, during ambient light illumination step-down, transmitance uprises, the eyeglass transmissivity can be in real time change with the electric signal of control, and the control electric signal changes with the difference of ambient light, thus these glasses can be in real time with the variation of ambient light illumination the adjusting illuminance that enters human eye automatically.
Light-sensitive glasses both should not be too slow to the response time of high light; also should not be too fast; transformation period the eyeglass scintillation can occur too soon; too slowly can not change with extraneous light intensity in real time again; only adjust the eyeglass shading value with appropriate responsive speed; the variation of illuminance and the expansion time of human eye pupil are complementary, and protection wearer eye pupil need not sharply be expanded and be shunk.Existing photosensitive colour-changing sunglasses is slower to the response time of light, does not reach this requirement, and the utility model can not only overcome this problem, improves response speed, but also can will be transferred to moderate speed to the reaction time of high light by the adjusting to control module.
The centre wavelength of visible light is 550nm, the utility model can be by selecting the opto-electronic conversion battery to the visible light wave range sensitivity for use, reach make liquid crystal lens to the response of visible light wave range and human eye to the essentially identical purpose of the reaction of spectrum, thereby guarantee that eyeglass can automatically adjust to different spectral response according to human eye, and the utility model is to the visible light spectrum sensitivity, promptly can not resemble some photosensitive colour-changing mirrors must could drive by ultraviolet light, this sunglasses equally can be worked under the sunlight of filtering ultraviolet wavelength, as in the automobile etc.
The utility model need not to be provided with switch, light intensity sensor and external battery, the opto-electronic conversion battery that is adopted can serve as light intensity sensor, can power for control circuit again, thereby greatly simplified circuit structure, dwindled volume, and reduced the current drain of automatically controlled part, the utility model can only get final product drive control module is regulated eyeglass transmittance, realization automatic color-changing automatically according to extraneous light intensity purpose with a solar cell that is embedded in the spectacle frame, not only reduce cost of manufacture, also reduced use cost.
Between the upper and lower threshold value of setting, the transmitance of the utility model liquid crystal lens can be continuously adjustable, has overcome more existing Electrocontrolled color change mirrors and has had only two or the adjustable deficiency of several gray shade scale.
Above-mentioned advantage of the present utility model makes its practicability that is beneficial to very much product and commercialization.
Embodiment
The present embodiment sunglasses is made up of opto-electronic conversion battery, the liquid crystal lens and the control module that are installed on the spectacle frame.
The opto-electronic conversion battery is the solar cell module, and this solar cell module is a sequence of being made up of a plurality of amorphous silicon class batteries, forms a sequence by 4 to 8 independent batteries, and the size of module approximately is 10 millimeters long, 5 mm wides.The solar cell of other type also all may become suitable substitute, yet the size of solar cell may need to adjust smallerly or more greatly, to obtain required output electric energy.
The input signal of solar cell is a sunshine, and output is the control voltage signal;
The centre wavelength of the non-crystal silicon solar cell that this example is used is about 650 nanometers, is exactly in the scope of visible light to the peak of spectral response.
Fig. 9 shows the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage of solar cell: the short-circuit current that solar cell produces, along with the illuminance on the solar cell increases and linear growth, simultaneously as shown in Figure 9, after being higher than some initial values, the open-circuit voltage curve of solar cell rises and becomes slowly.
Liquid crystal lens is made of left and right two positivity TN-liquid crystal lens 3, and each eyeglass is provided with a pair of pin, and two relative with being in eyeglass respectively lip-deep electrodes are electrically connected.
Liquid crystal lens 3 is to be made of several layers: outermost layer is a polaroid, be followed successively by glass or plastics conductive film layer ITO, PI oriented layer, liquid crystal layer inwards, and to be the center with this liquid crystal layer be arranged to monosymmetric layer structure at opposite side, inside and outside two ITO conductive film layers are the electrode of liquid crystal lens, can on two ITO conducting films, apply control voltage by pin in the use, when control voltage surpasses the control voltage threshold of setting but is lower than the maximum controlling voltage value of setting, the liquid crystal lens transmitance descends, control voltage is high more, and transmitance is low more; Because when applying voltage on the pin, between two electrodes of liquid crystal lens, can form an electric field intensity, the bipolar moment of liquid crystal molecule has been reversed in the existence of electric field, make itself and electric field reversed arrangement, the prevention liquid crystal molecule removes to reverse the polarized light by liquid crystal lens, thereby reduce the transmitance of light by being attached to polaroid on the liquid crystal lens, liquid crystal lens is a polarization, thereby also has certain anti-dazzle effect.
Fig. 8 shows that the transmitance of liquid crystal lens under different input voltages changes, and as shown in the figure, transmitance begins to descend after having crossed starting potential.
Sunglasses eyeglass and light penetration are according to being radiated at that visible light on the sunglasses changes and different.The time that the sunglasses eyeglass transmitance that this example is set forth changes is set between 0.1 second to 30 seconds.The transmitance level of light changes between mxm. and minimum gently constantly, and the scope of high permeability is between 25% to 85%, and the scope of minimum transmitance is between 0.5% to 50%.
Tradition photosensitive colour-changing sunglasses is ultraviolet lights to the response peak of different spectrum, so when wearing the photosensitive colour-changing sunglasses in automobile, windshield has partly filtered out incident light spectrum medium ultraviolet light, thereby makes the sunglasses can not deepening.Sunglasses responding to visible light in this example, to the response peak of spectrum in wavelength 450 nanometers between 700 nanometers, therefore, any enough bright visible light can start liquid crystal lens, for example, the non-crystal silicon solar cell that uses of this example is exactly a scope at visible light to the peak of spectral response.
Control module comprises printed circuit board (PCB) and the integrated circuit control chip that is contained on the printed circuit board (PCB), the electrode of liquid crystal lens is electrically connected with the control voltage output end of integrated circuit control chip by printed circuit board (PCB), and the voltage output end of opto-electronic conversion battery is electrically connected by the voltage input end of printed circuit board (PCB) with the integrated circuit control chip.
Adopt the digital integrated circuit control chip can have the advantage that volume is little, power consumption is few.
Further, this routine integrated circuit control module has adopted the integrated cpu chip of intelligentized numeral.
Cpu chip and other static electronic component are welded on the printed circuit board (PCB), pin on the cpu chip is connected with bigger electrical bonding pads on the circuit board by fine rule, pin on the described liquid crystal lens is electrically connected with cpu chip by electrical bonding pads respectively, pad on the circuit board preferably pin with pairing liquid crystal lens is adjacent, pin and pad can directly weld, also can connect by other parts or wire bonds
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 3, this routine spectacle frame 1 middle part is provided with cavity 9, opto-electronic conversion battery 4 is embedded in the position of front, spectacle frame middle part cavity opening, the printed circuit board (PCB) that is provided with the integrated circuit control chip places in the cavity of being close to opto-electronic conversion battery rear portion, bonnet 8 sealings that cavity 9 after-opening positions are embedded into;
Usually the liquid crystal lens of sunglasses can be provided with 1, also can be provided with 2, this example is provided with left and right two liquid crystal lens, spectacle frame 1 middle part is provided with the crossbeam 2 that connects left and right liquid crystal lens 3, the described cavity 9 that holds control module is located on the crossbeam 2, left and right liquid crystal lens is embedded in respectively in the left and right picture frame of spectacle frame setting, and left and right picture frame is connected as a single entity by crossbeam
Referring to Fig. 3,6 of cpu chips are on described printed circuit board (PCB) 5 plate face backward, and printed circuit board (PCB) plate face forward is close to solar cell 4.
Be respectively equipped with the hole 10 that is communicated with the both sides picture frame in crossbeam cavity 9 both sides, electric connector 7 is housed respectively in the hole of both sides, electric connector one end is electrically connected with pin on the described liquid crystal lens 3, the other end is electrically connected with the control voltage output end of cpu chip by the electrical bonding pads on the circuit board, for anti-sealing enters cavity, the sealing of hole 10 usefulness encapsulants, bonnet 8 is with cavity 9 rear seal
The utility model control system has adopted the integrated cpu chip of intelligent digital, so can utilize software program to design and control.
Can cause ion to move owing to apply DC voltage for the liquid crystal eyeglass, reduce the serviceable life of liquid crystal, so it is the alternating voltage that the spoke degree changes with the input voltage amplitude that this routine Application Software Program makes the control voltage of cpu chip output, promptly the control voltage output end of cpu chip is the variable ac voltage output of output spoke degree.
When incident light illumination is higher than specific initial value, cpu chip starts, press the certain hour sound every, two electrodes to liquid crystal lens apply alternating voltage, the production method of alternating voltage is: two output pins are switched mutually: when first output pin " is opened " between "on" and "off", counter electrode to LCD panel applies noble potential, and second output pin " pass " applies electronegative potential to another electrode of correspondence of liquid crystal lens; Otherwise, during first output pin " pass ", apply electronegative potential to the counter electrode of liquid crystal lens; Second output pin " is opened ", another electrode to the liquid crystal lens correspondence applies noble potential, make two output pins export the square-wave signal of alternate respectively, this two-way output signal frequency is identical, be added on two electrodes of liquid crystal lens, the effective voltage that forms alternating voltage is proportional to the alternation control voltage of light intensity transducing signal.
Fig. 7 shows the electric signal at the different nodes of electronic control system place, d1 in the chart has shown the dc signal from solar cell, the electric signal that sends when solar cell is enough high, and cpu chip MCU11 is activated and produces two square waves, and the spoke value is opposite constantly at each for two square waves.Two waveforms of d2 and d3 have shown the output control waveform of two output pins of cpu chip respectively, and the waveform of d4 has shown the composite signal that is added on liquid crystal lens 3 electrodes.
Referring to the process flow diagram of Fig. 6 cpu chip control program, chip is controlled the transmitance of described liquid crystal lens according to the following steps:
Step 1: if the voltage that the suffered solar energy of solar cell makes this solar cell be added in the cpu chip input end is lower than the operating threshold threshold voltage that chip is set, then cpu chip is in dormant state, does not have control signal output;
This moment, the transmitance of liquid crystal lens arrived its maximal value;
Step 2: if the suffered solar energy of solar cell is enough to make this solar cell to be added in the operating threshold threshold voltage of the voltage of cpu chip input end above chip, then two of this cpu chip control voltage output ends respectively output amplitude be proportional to the alternation control voltage of chip input voltage, the alternation control electric voltage frequency of two output terminals output is identical, dutycycle is identical, phase phasic difference 180 degree.
The magnitude of voltage that this example applies on cpu chip, i.e. magnitude of voltage between reference ground voltage output pin and supply voltage output pin, directly obtain from solar cell, cpu chip need not to use the sampled signal of traditional analogue-to-digital converters or alternate manner, but make the output pin duty of cpu chip be similar to change-over switch by programmed control: output pin before was will " closing " of " opening ", output pin before was will " opening " of " pass ", thereby on each output pin, produce the square wave output control voltage of alternation respectively, these two square-wave output voltage frequencies are identical, dutycycle is identical, phase phasic difference 180 degree, the i.e. formation amplitude on the liquid crystal lens electrode of being added in is proportional to the interchange control voltage of light intensity transducing signal, this scheme has avoided using the sampled signal on analogue-to-digital converters or any other meaning, simplified circuit structure, and whenever when cpu chip needn't start, all being set to park mode, this can lower the current drain of total system greatly.Realize only can satisfying the requirement that control circuit is powered with solar cell.
As mentioned above, the control system that this example is connected with the liquid crystal lens electrode comprises a solar cell, a cpu chip, several static electronic components.Cpu chip and other electron component have served as the stationary singnal generator, signal outputs to two output pins by cpu chip, apply the voltage of enough operations on to cpu chip, two control ends can be exported alternating signal, this signal is added in the LCD panel two ends, changed the transmitance of LCD panel, with alive increase, light transmission rate descends.The voltage that applies on cpu chip is less than threshold voltage, and entire chip is not worked, and the control voltage that is added on the eyeglass is zero, and at this moment the transmitance of eyeglass is maximum.This control system is an ac signal with transform light energy, the transmitance of this ac signal control liquid crystal lens, and this system energy consumption is very little, and solar cell had both served as sensor, electric energy was provided for again whole electronic system.
Fig. 4 is the theory diagram of this routine CPU control, solar cell 4 is converted to current potential with light, MCU11 provides electric energy for cpu chip, current potential also is an electric signal, the input signal that serves as MCU11, when current potential was enough high, MCU11 provided signal controlling liquid crystal lens 3, this example is at the voltage input end of a cpu chip storage capacitor C in parallel, " opens " difference between " pass " state with the buffering liquid crystal lens.
The operable electric energy of electronic circuit system is limited, and being is provided by solar cell and the energy that is stored in the static electronic component.Energy-storage capacitor C can be used to storage power in the entire timing circulation, imposes on the ratio that electric energy may increase or reduce on the cpu chip thereby reduce.If solar cell has enough electric capacity, from electronic circuit system, reject this capacitor and also can.
Cpu chip has been selected the product of Texas Instruments company for use, and product type is MSP430F2001, and any other cpu chip also can be used as substitute products certainly, and the selection of cpu chip is based on low-energy-consumption and size.Additional resistor and capacitor are used to dispose MSP430F2001, and according to the difference of cpu chip, electronic circuit system also can have different designs.
Cpu chip outputs to two ac voltage signals on the output pin, is added on two pins of at least one liquid crystal lens, and any other eyeglass, if its transmitance is the function that applies voltage, this eyeglass also may become the substitute of liquid crystal lens.Each pin of liquid crystal lens is connected with the interior transparent conductive film layer of liquid crystal lens.Ideal scheme is to use two STN-Huangs/green type liquid crystal lens, is of a size of about 1000 square millimeters, certainly, the TN type, STN-ash type, the liquid crystal lens of FSTN type or other type also may become suitable substitute products.The current drain of liquid crystal lens depends on its size, and the size of liquid crystal lens depends on the size of solar cell, so the incident optical energy that receives on the transmitance of liquid crystal lens and the solar cell is complementary.。
The voltage that starts liquid crystal lens should be higher than the voltage that starts cpu chip, and LCD panel never starts to and continues to be between the low transmission scope like this, can guarantee that just the transmitance variation is smooth state.Positivity type LCD panel is applicable to sunglasses of the present utility model.
The present embodiment can make the volume of whole electronic control system reach enough little, thereby places easily on the mirror holder of sunglasses, and the outward appearance volume that reaches the outward appearance volume that makes whole glasses and general glasses does not have the too effect of big-difference.
Figure 10 is to use solar illuminance and the curve map that arrives human eye illumination behind this routine product.
In the above-described embodiment, the opto-electronic conversion battery has adopted amorphous silicon class solar cell, and the advantage of this solar cell is that price is low, and is responsive to the visible light wave range response of 400-700 nanometer, its deficiency is that photoelectric transformation efficiency is lower, therefore is applicable to the low-end product that some cost requirements are low.
Photodiode has the high advantage of photoelectric transformation efficiency, but its price is more expensive, and therefore the photodiode to the visible light wave range sensitivity is applicable to the high-end product that price is higher.
The above; it only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model; be not that the utility model is done any pro forma restriction; every foundation technical spirit of the present utility model all still belongs to the protection domain of technical solutions of the utility model to any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did.