CN1885736A - Distributed MIMO public mobile communication system - Google Patents

Distributed MIMO public mobile communication system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1885736A
CN1885736A CN 200510021124 CN200510021124A CN1885736A CN 1885736 A CN1885736 A CN 1885736A CN 200510021124 CN200510021124 CN 200510021124 CN 200510021124 A CN200510021124 A CN 200510021124A CN 1885736 A CN1885736 A CN 1885736A
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antenna
base station
communication system
mobile communication
distributed mimo
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孔婷
唐友喜
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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Abstract

The disclosed distributed MIMO public mobile communication system comprises: spanning antenna on street lamp to connect antenna to a central signal processor through current lamp cable, and accessing server to connect with a core network. This invention makes full use of current lamp system, reduces antenna space correlation, and improves system performance and capacity with low cost.

Description

A kind of distributed MIMO public mobile communication system
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication technical field, particularly the mobile communication system of the many antennas of use in the communication technology.
Background technology
As everyone knows, centralized multiple-input, multiple-output (Multiple Input Multiple Output, be called for short: MIMO) mobile communication system is meant that base station end and travelling carriage all have the communication system of many antennas, and it has good spectrum efficiency, higher system capacity and communication quality preferably.The empty time-code that uses in the centralized MIMO mobile communication system mainly contains two big classes: based on the hierarchical space-time code of non-transmit diversity (Layered Space Time Codes, LSTC); Based on the space-time trellis codes of transmit diversity (Space Time Trellis Codes, STTC) and Space-Time Block Coding (Space Time Block Codes, STBC).
Hierarchical space-time code is divided into several parallel sub data flows with the information source data, they is encoded independently and modulates, so it is not based on transmit diversity.People such as the Foschini of Bell Laboratory have at first proposed a kind of diagonal angle hierarchical space-time code (Diagonally Bell Labs Layered Space-Time Wireless Communication Architecture, D-BLAST), emission information is carried out Space Time Coding according to diagonal, under Rayleigh fading environment independently, this structure has obtained huge theoretical capacity, its capacity is with the number linear growth of transmitting antenna, can reach 90% shannon capacity, but a defective of D_BLAST system is exactly that complexity is too high, is not suitable for using.People such as G.D.Golden have proposed a kind of version of simplification on the basis of D_BLAST, be exactly V-BLAST (Vertical BLAST), this system has carried out experimental verification in the laboratory, under the environment of indoor slow fading, the spectrum efficiency of this system is up to 40bit/s/Hz.
People such as Tarokh have proposed space-time trellis codes, and it has taken all factors into consideration the design of chnnel coding, modulation, transmit diversity and receive diversity, and bigger coding gain, the availability of frequency spectrum and diversity gain can be provided.Though the performance of space-time trellis codes is fine, its complexity of decoding is quite high.Particularly, when number of transmit antennas fixedly the time, the decoding complex degree of space-time trellis codes (trellis state by decoder is measured several times) increases with transmission rate exponentially level.In view of this, Alamouti has proposed a kind of simple two antennas transmit diversity schemes, and has provided comparatively simple decoding algorithm.People such as Tarkh are therefrom inspired, and use orthogon theory, and this scheme is generalized to the transmit diversity systems with any number of transmit antennas, have proposed Space-Time Block Coding thus.Space-Time Block Coding is compared with space-time trellis codes, though performance decreases, decoding complex degree is much smaller.
Centralized MIMO mobile communication system model as shown in Figure 1, this system mainly is made of mobile portable antennas 1, travelling carriage 2, antenna for base station 3, base station 4, access server 5 and core net 6.Travelling carriage 2 and 4 two ends, base station have a plurality of mobile portable antennas 1 and a plurality of antenna for base station 3 respectively, function such as processing when base station 4 realizes that Digital Signal Processing and MIMO are empty, and receive core net 6 by access server 5.Many antennas at base station 3 and travelling carriage 2 two ends have constituted mimo system, can adopt hierarchical space-time code, Space-Time Block Coding or space-time trellis codes to encode and decipher.
But centralized MIMO mobile communication system exists some not enough:
1. systematic function is subjected to the influence of communication link independence between dual-mode antenna.Because antenna concentrates on the base station, the spatial coherence of antenna for base station is stronger, and the independence of the communication link between dual-mode antenna weakens, thereby causes poor system performance.
2. the base station is bigger to user's access distance, and is high to the transmitting power requirement of base station and travelling carriage, causes electromagnetic wave bigger to the influence of human body.
3. for realizing that the sub-district covers, the base station need be built on higher building, and the flexibility of base station selection is restricted.
The distributed MIMO technology can overcome the stronger problem of link spatial coherence among the centralized MIMO, but paper, patent and the relevant publication reported at present are confined to also that theoretically the research of distributed MIMO technical performance index is not also had a kind of scheme of distributed MIMO mobile communication system of practicality.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of distributed MIMO public access mobile radio, this system has the large and small district of power system capacity coverage rate height,, characteristics such as construction cost low little to the electromagnetic radiation of human body.
A kind of distributed MIMO public access mobile radio provided by the invention, as shown in Figure 2, it comprises: mobile portable antennas 1, travelling carriage 2, the individual antenna for base station 3 of M (M is the positive integer greater than 1), access server 5, center signal processor 7, core net 6, it is characterized in that it also comprises: street lamp 11, power transmission cable pipeline 10, power transmission cable 9, transmission medium 8, M antenna for base station 3 is separately fixed on the individual street lamp 11 of N (N is the positive integer greater than 1), the transmission medium 8 that is used to connect antenna for base station 3 is positioned within the power transmission cable pipeline 10, and antenna for base station 3 links to each other with center signal processor 7 by transmission medium 8.
Need to prove:
Functions such as processing and Digital Signal Processing when the center signal processor 7 described in the present invention has the MIMO of realization sky;
An antenna for base station can be set up among the present invention on each street lamp, also a plurality of antenna for base station can be set up.
Antenna for base station described in the present invention can be erected at the light pole top, also can be erected at street lamp positions such as light pole, road lamp frame.
If antenna for base station 3 distributions that are positioned on the street lamp 11 do not meet when the covering of mobile communications network requires on the engineering, can increase the antenna supporting body, described antenna supporting body requires to have certain altitude and carry the pipeline that is fit to lay transmission medium, and the aerial network of antenna for base station 3 compositions of the antenna for base station on the antenna supporting body 3 on street lamp 11 can satisfy the covering requirement of mobile communications network on the engineering;
Power transmission cable pipeline 10 can be that the road lighting cable pipeline also can be the pipeline of the suitable laying transmission medium that carries of antenna supporting body.
Transmission medium 8 be meant can transmission signals medium, can be optical fiber, coaxial cable, power line etc.
Travelling carriage can have a plurality of mobile portable antennas 1, also can have only single mobile station antenna 1.
The up link course of work of a kind of distributed MIMO public access mobile radio of the present invention: in the up link of distributed MIMO public access mobile radio, signal is launched by a plurality of mobile portable antennas 1 from travelling carriage 2, behind radio transmission, receive by M the antenna for base station 3 that is positioned on the different street lamps 11.The signal that receives is transferred to center signal processor 7 by transmission medium 8 and carries out joint-detection.Center signal processor 7 can link to each other with core net 6 by access server 5, carries out information exchange.
The course of work of a kind of distributed MIMO public access mobile radio of the present invention down link: in the down link of distributed MIMO public access mobile radio, signal is from M antenna for base station 3 emissions that are positioned on the different street lamps 11, through behind the radio transmission, receive by a plurality of mobile portable antennas 1 and carry out input at travelling carriage 2.
Need to prove in a kind of distributed MIMO public access mobile radio of the present invention, can use the operate as normal that realizes system link based on the technology of mimo systems structure, as empty time-code technology, intelligent antenna technology etc.
Innovation part of the present invention: in the existing centralized MIMO mobile communication system, the antenna of base station one end all concentrates on the base station, as shown in Figure 1.The distributed MIMO public access mobile radio that the present invention proposes, be characterized in that antenna for base station no longer concentrates on the base station, but be erected on the street lamp that is positioned at diverse geographic location, realize the distribution of antenna for base station among the present invention, utilize the transmission mediums such as pipe laying optical fiber that carry of street lamp or antenna supporting body, thereby greatly reduce the cost of mobile communication system.
Essence of the present invention: from technical standpoint, originally a plurality of antenna for base station that concentrated on the base station are set up on the street lamp, the characteristics of utilizing street lamp on the geographical position, to distribute, reduced the spatial coherence between antenna for base station, strengthen the independence of link between dual-mode antenna, dwindled signal and inserted distance, can improve link performance, improve power system capacity, reduce the radiation of electromagnetic wave human body; From realizing angle, use the supporting body of street lamp as antenna for base station, can make full use of the original pipeline of road lighting cable and lay transmission mediums such as optical fiber, reduced the cost of construction, increased operability, simple and easy to do.
Compare with existing centralized mimo wireless communication system, advantage of the present invention is:
(1) because antenna for base station is erected on the different street lamps, the characteristics of utilizing street lamp to distribute on the geographical position have reduced the spatial coherence between antenna for base station, have strengthened the independence between dual-mode antenna, can reach higher power system capacity.
(2) antenna is built on street lamp, has shortened the access distance of signal, has reduced the power requirement to transmitting, and has improved cell coverage, has reduced the radiation of electromagnetic wave to human body.
(3) antenna is built on street lamp, can utilize transmission equipments such as original road lighting cable pipe laying optical fiber, has reduced cost, is easy to construction and realizes.
In sum, the present invention proposes a kind of distributed MIMO public access mobile radio, by being built, many antennas of base station end are being on the street lamp of diverse geographic location, both weakened the spatial coherence of antenna for base station, can make full use of the power transmission cable pipeline again and lay transmission mediums such as optical fiber, convenient and easy, be convenient to construction and realize and cost control.Compare with centralized MIMO communication system, the distributed MIMO public access mobile radio can reach higher power system capacity, has shortened the access distance of signal, reduces the power requirement to transmitting, and has improved cell coverage, has reduced the electromagnetic radiation to human body.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is centralized MIMO mobile communication system schematic diagram
Wherein, the 1st, mobile portable antennas, the 2nd, travelling carriage, the 3rd, antenna for base station, the 4th, base station, the 5th, access server, the 6th, core net.
Fig. 2 is a distributed MIMO public access mobile radio schematic diagram of the present invention
Wherein, the 1st, mobile portable antennas, the 2nd, travelling carriage, the 3rd, antenna for base station, the 5th, access server, the 6th, core net, the 7th, the center signal processor, 8 is transmission medium, the 9th, road lighting cable, the 10th, the pipeline of road lighting cable, the 11st, street lamp.
Embodiment
Consider the situation of Microcell in the city, typical radius of society is 500 meters, has 7 antenna for base station and is evenly distributed in the sub-district, and distance is 300 meters between adjacent antenna, has 7 street lamps, and the street lamp height is 10 meters, sets up an antenna for base station on each street lamp.Do not satisfy the sub-district in the distribution of street lamp and cover under the situation about requiring, antenna for base station also can be erected on other antenna supporting bodies.Antenna adopts optical fiber to the transmission medium of center signal processor; Optical fibre installation is in the pipeline that street lamp or antenna supporting body carry.
In centralized MIMO mobile communication system, the base station often is in center of housing estate; In distributed MIMO public access mobile radio of the present invention, antenna for base station is evenly distributed on diverse geographic location in the sub-district, and is connected to the center signal processor by optical fiber.Following surface analysis in this example, the distributed MIMO public access mobile radio is compared the advantage that is had with centralized MIMO mobile communication system:
1. signal inserts apart from reducing.When travelling carriage was in cell edge, the antenna for base station of centralized MIMO mobile communication system equaled radius of society to the access distance of travelling carriage, is 500 meters; And in the distributed MIMO public access mobile radio, antenna for base station to the shortest access of travelling carriage distance about 150 meters.
2. the requirement to the transmitting power of antenna for base station reduces.Reduce owing to insert distance, then antenna for base station reduces to the path loss of travelling carriage, is also corresponding the reducing of transmitting power of the desired antenna for base station of antagonism path loss.If the path loss factor is 4 in the radio transmission, then the transmitting power of antenna for base station is hanged down about 20dB than the transmitting power of antenna for base station in the centralized MIMO mobile communication system in the distributed MIMO mobile communication system.
3. power system capacity improves.Compare with centralized MIMO mobile communication system, the spatial coherence that is distributed in the distributed MIMO public access mobile radio between the antenna for base station of diverse geographic location in the sub-district is lower, antenna for base station is better to the link independence of travelling carriage, can improve power system capacity.
4. the electromagnetic radiation injury reduces.The transmitting power of antenna for base station can be hanged down 20dB than the transmitting power of centralized MIMO communication system in the distributed MIMO public access mobile radio, thereby has reduced the electromagnetic pollution of antenna neighboring area greatly.
A kind of embodiment of the present invention is described below:
Up link embodiment of the present invention: in up link, signal,, is received by 7 antenna for base station 3 altogether that are positioned on the different street lamps 11 behind radio transmission by a plurality of mobile portable antennas 2 emissions from travelling carriage 2.The cable duct 10 that the signal that receives passes through street lamps by optical fiber 8 is transferred to center signal processor 7 and carries out joint-detection.Center signal processor 7 can link to each other with core net 6 by access server 5.
The embodiment of down link of the present invention: in down link, signal is from being positioned at 3 emissions of 7 antenna for base station altogether on the different street lamps 11, behind radio transmission, received by a plurality of mobile portable antennas 1 and carries out input at travelling carriage 2.
The distributed MIMO public access mobile radio that the present invention proposes, because antenna for base station is distributed on the different street lamps, though can obtain the power system capacity gain that receiving-transmitting chain more independently brings, arrive the time delay difference of mobile portable antennas from different antenna for base station.And in the centralized MIMO mobile communication system, delay the arrival receiver when signal experiences identical dissemination channel, thereby caused the detection algorithm of centralized MIMO communication system no longer suitable in the distributed MIMO public access mobile radio.Here, we provide a kind of concrete detection mode of distributed MIMO public access mobile radio.In addition, this system also can use other feasible detection algorithms, does not all influence generality of the present invention.
Provide a kind of concrete detection mode of distributed MIMO public access mobile radio up link and down link below.
A kind of concrete detection mode of distributed MIMO public access mobile radio up link:
In the up link of distributed MIMO public access mobile radio, a plurality of transmitting antennas concentrate on travelling carriage, reception antenna is distributed on the different street lamps, dissemination channel time delay difference from different transmitting antennas to different reception antennas, the dissemination channel time delay from different transmitting antennas to same reception antenna is identical.Based on these characteristics, the transmitter of distributed MIMO public access mobile radio up link is identical with the principle of centralized MIMO transmitter, see G.D.Golden for details, C.J.Foschini, " Detection algorithm and initial laboratory results using V_BLAST space-timecommunication architecture ", IEEE ECTRONICS LETTERS 7 ThJan 1999, Vol.35 No.1.After the receiver of up link needs compensate the dissemination channel time delay earlier again the receiver principle according to centralized MIMO carry out input.
Receiver structure to distributed MIMO public access mobile radio up link describes below.As shown in Figure 2, be sent to the center signal processor through optical fiber after the antenna for base station on the individual different street lamps of M receives signal.Before the center signal processor detects signal, earlier to the different base station antenna transmission to signal delay time, be used to compensate different dissemination channel time delays.Suppose that the dissemination channel time delay is known at receiver, the signal that different reception antennas receives is delayed time.If mobile portable antennas is τ to the propagation delay of antenna for base station m m, m=1 ..., M RTime-delay to the signal on m the reception antenna in the receiver is τ m', τ m' satisfy τ 1 + τ 1 ′ = · · · = τ m + τ m ′ = · · · = τ M R + τ M R ′ . Therefore by behind the time delay module, the overall delay of the experience of the signal of each reception antenna equates, can detect with the detection method of centralized MIMO.
In the down link of distributed MIMO public access mobile radio, transmitting antenna is distributed on the different street lamps, reception antenna concentrates on travelling carriage, dissemination channel time delay difference from different transmitting antennas to different reception antennas, the dissemination channel time delay from different transmitting antennas to same reception antenna are also different.Based on these characteristics, the distributed MIMO public access mobile radio need adopt the method that is different from centralized MIMO communication system to detect, and existing detection algorithm has a kind of search iteration algorithm based on lattice, does not repeat them here, see Y.L.C.de Jong for details, T.J.Wollink, " Iterative trellissearch detection for asynchronous MIMO systems, " IEEE VTC ' 2003-Fall, vol.1, Oct, 2003, pp.503-507.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of distributed MIMO public mobile communication system, it comprises: mobile portable antennas (1), travelling carriage (2), M (M is the positive integer greater than 1) individual antenna for base station (3), center signal processor (7), access server (5), core net (6), it is characterized in that it also comprises: street lamp (11), power transmission cable pipeline (10), power transmission cable (9), transmission medium (8), M antenna for base station (3) is separately fixed on N (N is the positive integer greater than 1) street lamp (11), the transmission medium (8) that is used to connect antenna for base station (3) is positioned within the power transmission cable pipeline (10), and antenna for base station (3) links to each other with center signal processor (7) by transmission medium (8).
2, a kind of distributed MIMO public mobile communication system is characterized in that: can set up an antenna for base station on each street lamp, also can set up a plurality of antenna for base station.
3, a kind of distributed MIMO public mobile communication system is characterized in that: antenna for base station can be erected at the light pole top, also can be erected at street lamp positions such as light pole, road lamp frame.
4, a kind of distributed MIMO public mobile communication system, it is characterized in that: if antenna for base station (3) distribution that is positioned on the street lamp (11) does not meet when the covering of mobile communications network requires on the engineering, increase the antenna supporting body, described antenna supporting body requires to have certain altitude and carry the pipeline that is fit to lay transmission medium, and the aerial network of antenna for base station (3) composition of the antenna for base station on the antenna supporting body (3) on street lamp (11) can satisfy the covering requirement of mobile communications network on the engineering.
5, a kind of distributed MIMO public mobile communication system is characterized in that: described power transmission cable pipeline (10) can be that the road lighting cable pipeline also can be the pipeline of the suitable laying transmission medium that carries of antenna supporting body.
6, a kind of distributed MIMO public mobile communication system is characterized in that: described transmission medium (8) is meant the medium that is used for transmission signals, can be optical fiber, coaxial cable, power line etc.
7, a kind of travelling carriage of distributed MIMO public mobile communication system can have a plurality of mobile portable antennas (1), also can have only single mobile station antenna (1).
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