Embodiment
Now will be in detail with reference to the method that management rewrites on optical disc write once of preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the example is shown in the drawings.As possible, identical label will run through institute's drawings attached and represent same or analogous part.
The present invention can even rewrite on optical disc write once.Term " rewriting " is illustrated in the duplicate record on the specific region on the CD-RW.In other words, rewriting is the inherent characteristic of CD-RW, and it has been generally acknowledged that and can not rewrite on optical disc write once.
But, the invention enables and can logically rewrite, keep the physical characteristics of optical disc write once simultaneously.
Fig. 2 shows the method that management rewrites on optical disc write once according to the embodiment of the invention.For example, BD-WO (blue light write-once discs) comprises LIA (introducing the district), data field and LOA (draw-out area).In the stem and afterbody of data field, divide be arranged ISA (inner spare area) and OSA (outer spare area).
In addition, in this dish, provide TDMA (temporary defect management area).TDFL (temporary defect list) is recorded among the TDMA, and defect entries and overwrite entries are recorded among the TDFL as management information.Therefore, because defect area or the data of respective regions are replaced under the situation in another zone that is recorded in the data field, records management information is as the TDFL among the TDMA.
Among Fig. 2, if the zone of having write down has been present in the data field, because the characteristic of optical disc write once, " rewriting " in the respective regions is unallowed physically.But, if the record order request of user or main frame in A-B zone shown in Figure 2 (for example, the zone of having write down) enterprising line item, then the present invention makes driver itself carry out the replacement record of the data in another zone of data field.Therefore, but user or main frame command record, and no matter whether the specific region of CD is recorded, so the user can use optical disc write once just as CD-RW.This is known as the logical overwrite (LOW) that is different from physical overwrite.
Particularly, during record order on carrying out A-B zone shown in Figure 2, owing to write down data, rewriting can not be carried out on respective regions.Replace, can realize record order in the following manner: data are replaced-are recorded in OSA in the data field (outer spare area) the C-D zone before, and the corresponding management district is recorded among the TDMA of CD as TDFL information.After this, if the data reproduction in the A-B zone of user or Host Command CD, the management information of reference record then, driver reproduces the data of storing in the C-D zone replacing the data in the A-B zone.
Fig. 3,4A, 4B and 5 show by overwrite request and carry out the zones of different of replacing record, and Fig. 6 to 12 shows the method according to embodiment of the invention records management information in rewriting or continuous defect district.It should be noted that and run through institute's drawings attached, identical label is used to represent same or analogous part.
Fig. 3 has illustrated the method that management rewrites on optical disc write once according to another embodiment of the invention.The characteristics of this embodiment are to ask the data in the zone that rewrites to be replaced-to write down with immediately following after the zone of having write down.Except the zone of replacement-record, the embodiment of this embodiment and Fig. 2 is basic identical.
Fig. 4 A shows the method that management rewrites on optical disc write once according to still another embodiment of the invention.The characteristics of this embodiment are to ask the data in the zone (for example, A-B zone) that rewrites to be replaced one to be recorded in the C-D zone of spare area.Therefore, in this spare area, record is because replacement cluster that defect area causes and because the replacement cluster that overwrite request causes.As will be described below, this expression is owing to the replacement record that overwrite request causes can be handled by the mode identical with the replacement record that causes owing to defect area.In addition, shown in Fig. 4 B, OSA can be divided into zone that is used for defective and the zone that is used to rewrite.
Fig. 5 shows the method that management rewrites on optical disc write once according to still a further embodiment.
Among Fig. 5, the data in the zone (for example A-B zone) that the request of being recorded in rewrites are replaced-are recorded in the C-D zone of overwritten area (OWA) separately.Like this, when the manufacturing defect district, spare area ISA or OSA are the zones of replacement-record, and when request rewrote, OWA was the zone of replacement-record.Therefore, the replacement that causes owing to defect area is write down and is distinguished mutually significantly by the replacement record that overwrite request causes.
Fig. 6 to 12 shows according to correlation technique with according to the method for records management information of the present invention.With reference to figure 6, with according to the present invention on BD-WO the method for records management information compare, illustrate according to the method for correlation technique in BD-RE disc recording management information.
Defect information is recorded among the LIA of CD, and is made of defect list header (header) and defect entries.Defect list header comprises identifier (ID) information that is used for defect list and the information of representing defect entries quantity.A defect entries is made of 8 bytes, and comprises four fields " state 1 ", " defect cluster the one PSN (physical sector number) ", " state 2 " and " replacement cluster the one PSN ".In BD-RE, " state 1 " information representation is about the information of defect entry type.For example, if " 0000b ", then it is RAD (reallocation defective) type defect entries, wherein normally finishes the replacement record, and if " 0001b ", then it is NRD (non-reallocation defective) type defect entries, does not wherein specify the replacement district that replaces record.In addition, ' defect cluster the one PSN ' field be used to write down produce defective bunch positional information, and this field generally is represented as a PSN of respective cluster.In addition, obsolete field among " state 2 " field BD-RE.For following explanation,, utilize " state 2 " field records management information effectively according to the present invention." replacement cluster the one PSN " field is used for writing down in the spare area owing to defect area the positional information of replacement-recording areas.In the situation of RAD type defect entries, normally write down the information on corresponding replacement-record position, but in the situation of NRD type defect entries, do not carry out the replacement record, so this field is set to " zero " value.
Fig. 7 to 12 explanation is according to the method for records management information on optical disc write once of the embodiment of the invention.In the present invention, the record of management information is divided into two types simply.First kind is the overwrite entries that management information is recorded as the defect entries difference shown in itself and Fig. 8 A, 8B and 9, and second kind is that management information is recorded as the type identical with the defect entries shown in Figure 10 to 12.In the former, even by two kinds of clauses and subclauses of the mutual differentiation of classification, but in the latter, mix this two kinds of clauses and subclauses by described classification.
Below, with the method that describes in detail according to records management information of the present invention.
Fig. 7 has illustrated according to the embodiment of the invention in the method for replacing when record records management information on optical disc write once by overwrite request.Fig. 8 A and 8B have illustrated that the positional information in the zone that will ask rewriting, the positional information of replacing posting field and the dimension information of rewriting are recorded as management information.
Among the present invention, for example, for the BD-RE compatibility, management information is registered as the clauses and subclauses of 8 byte size in the zone of recording defect clauses and subclauses.Therefore, come records management information by using four fields, what this can be with defect entries is identical.But, be known as overwrite entries owing to rewrite the management information cause, with the defect entries difference, and in clauses and subclauses, use id information to be used for difference.
The overwrite entries of Fig. 7 will be described in detail.At first, obsolete type information is used for " state 1 " field among the existing BD-RE.For example, if confirm to use " 1100b " and clauses and subclauses to confirm the use of " 1100b ", then system is identified as it " overwrite entries ".Like this, obsolete among the BD-RE " state 1 " field value is used to distinguish overwrite entries and defect entries.In " defect cluster the one PSN " field, the start address information (for example, A address) in the zone that record request rewrites.In " replacement cluster the one PSN " field, replace the start address information (for example, C address) of recording areas in the recorded data zone.This address information can be expressed as a PSN of the beginning bunch of respective regions.In " state 2 " field, the dimension information that record request rewrites.But " state 2 " field is made of 4 bits, and if ask the size in the zone of rewriting to surpass 16 bunches, then be not enough to express the size in zone.Therefore, if rewrite number of clusters less than 16 bunch, then dimension information size _ 1 is recorded in " state 2 " field (situation 1), if but size is above 16 bunches, then dimension information size _ 1 is recorded in respectively in " defect cluster the one PSN " field and " replacement cluster the one PSN " field, perhaps it is recorded in the either field, and " 0000b " is recorded in " state 2 " field (situation 2).
Therefore, if " state 1 " field is " 1100b ", then system identification overwrite entries, and if " state 2 " field be " 0000b ", then system identification goes out size and surpasses 16 bunches and dimension information and represented by continuous clauses and subclauses.If " state 2 " field has the value different with " 0000b ", then system identification go out with by the respective digital value being converted to the same big bunch of dimension information that rewrites corresponding to request of value that tens digit obtains.By identification start address and dimension information, can confirm the end address of respective regions naturally.
Fig. 7 has only illustrated the situation of recording areas in the OSA front portion of replacing.But, shown in Fig. 3,4A, 4B and 5, replace recording areas also can be after recording areas (Fig. 3), can be in the spare area (Fig. 4) or can be in the OWA that separates (Fig. 5).
Fig. 8 A schematically shows the structure of TDFL.In TDFL, defect entries and overwrite entries are separated record.This is based on the result of " state 1 " information classification clauses and subclauses.In addition, the TDFL title of TDFL additionally has the information about the quantity of defect entries and overwrite entries, therefore can obtain the items for information that writes down among the corresponding TDFL.
Fig. 8 B has illustrated the table of the entry type that Fig. 7 discussed.In this table, defect entries and overwrite entries are distinguished by " state 1 " field.In addition, according to " state 2 " field value, overwrite entries is divided into the situation with clauses and subclauses and has the situation of two clauses and subclauses." if state 2=0000b ", then corresponding to two clauses and subclauses, and by following clauses and subclauses acquisition dimension information." if state 2=except 0000b other ", then analog value direct representation dimension information.
Fig. 9 and 10 has illustrated the method according to other embodiments of the invention records management information on optical disc write once.Fig. 9 and 10 shows a kind of situation: if promptly request rewrites, by the management information of the type of process identical with existing defect entries about the replacement record.Like this, write down under the identical situation records management information at the replacement record that carries out of supposition overwrite request with the replacement that defect area causes.In this case, be owing to rewrite and also make comparing that defect area causes with distinguish replacing record, the quantity of more preferably distinguishing the record cell of replacing record is single or a plurality of (under the situation of BD-WO, bunch).
Like this, according to present embodiment, because specific reasons, a plurality of bunches are replaced and are recorded in another zone, and be used for managing the management information difference face of land of management information and the situation of replacing a record cell of record reach.Therefore, the reason of replacing a plurality of bunches of records can be according to rewriting of the present invention, perhaps a plurality of defect areas that produce in the continuous recording unit.Among the present invention, a plurality of bunches replacement record is known as " piece is linear to be replaced " or abbreviates " piece replacement " as continuously.On the contrary, one bunch replacement record is known as " 1 snag replacement " or abbreviates " 1 bunch of replacement " as.
According to the method shown in Fig. 9 and 10, if the user ask CD specific region (for example A-B district) rewriting or in all respective area, produce continuous defect, then corresponding data is replaced in the C-D district that is recorded in the spare area, and writes down its management information.Even replace record in another data field under the rewriting situation shown in Fig. 2,3,4A, the 4B and 5 except that the spare area, also can in statu quo use according to management information recording method of the present invention.
In Fig. 9 and 10, defect entries is divided into two kinds.First kind is the clauses and subclauses (1 bunch of replacement) in the situation of replacing a record cell of record, and second kind be the clauses and subclauses (piece replacement) in the situation of replacing a plurality of record cells of record.Like this, to replace record cell be that " 1 bunch " or " piece " come records management information by distinguishing for Fig. 9 and 10 management information recording method, and supposition is unit generation overwrite request or defect area with " 1 bunch " or " piece ".
In addition, with reference to figure 9 and 10, whether divide defect entries as management information according to dimension information.Fig. 9 has illustrated the situation of using dimension information, and Figure 10 has illustrated the situation of not using dimension information.
At first, in Fig. 9, in the situation of " 1 bunch of replacement ", by with Fig. 7 in identical mode records management information.In the situation of " piece replacement ", by with the identical mode of situation of " 1 bunch of replacement ", " state 1 " field has " 0000b ".As long as defect entries is recorded among the TDFL, with regard to application class.First basis of classification is " state 1 " field, and then is " defect cluster the one PSN " field.Therefore, if normally replace record, then " 1 bunch of replacement " have identical " state 1=0000b " with " piece replacement ", therefore in identical " state 1 ", classify by " defect cluster the one PSN " field.Here it is, and why " state 1 " field all has " 0000b " under the situation of " piece replacement " and under the situation of " 1 bunch of replacement ".To describe this characteristics in detail with reference to Figure 12.
Therefore, utilize " state 2 " field to carry out differentiation between the situation of the situation of " 1 bunch of replacement " and " piece replacement ".Like this, in the situation of " 1 bunch of replacement ", " state 2=0000b ", but in the situation of " piece replacement ", " state 2=0001b or 1001b ".Here, in the situation of " piece replacement ", it has two continuous clauses and subclauses." if state 2=0001b ", then these clauses and subclauses will be first guiding (leading) clauses and subclauses, and if " state=1001b ", then clauses and subclauses will be second to follow clauses and subclauses.First entry as " state 2=0002b " has the original start address of the original area that will replace and replaces the replacement start address of recording areas.Second entry as " state 2=0001b or 1001b " has the dimension information size_1 that will replace the zone.
Fig. 9 shows the record according to " state 2=0001b or the 1001b " of the embodiment of the invention under piece replacement situation, and certainly uses any out of Memory of distinguishing with " state=0000b ".For example, under the situation that piece is replaced, also can obtain identical result even set " state 2=0011b or 1011b ".
Figure 10 has illustrated that the second entry of Fig. 9 has the original end address of original area and replaces the replacement end address of recording areas and the dimension information that replaces using in the second entry of Fig. 9.Other parts are identical with among Fig. 9 those.
Figure 11 A has schematically illustrated the clauses and subclauses that write down among the TDFL as management information in the records management information process according to the present invention on optical disc write once.All clauses and subclauses can be used as identical defect entries (in fact, have identical " state 1=0000b " owing to rewrite the replacement record that causes with the replacement record that causes owing to defect area, and this being known as defect entries) and are managed.In the TDFL title, the information of expression to the defect entries quantity of each kind is set.Here, the clauses and subclauses under " piece replacement " situation are known as BRAD (piece RAD) or CDA (continuous defect district).This is illustrated in " piece replacement " situation, identical in piece RAD and " 1 bunch of replacement " situation, and it is normally replaced record, but this replacement record is that unit carries out with the piece, rather than bunch being unit.
Figure 11 B has illustrated the table of the entry type relation of describing with reference to figure 9 and 10.As the table shows, in the situation of " 1 bunch of replacement ", clauses and subclauses have " state 2=0000b ", and in the situation of " piece replacement ", clauses and subclauses have " state 2=0001b or 1001b ".In addition, in normally finishing the situation of replacing record, clauses and subclauses have " state 1=0001b " (NRD or BNRD).By expansion in this way, this table can be applied to the clauses and subclauses of any kind.
Figure 12 has illustrated the method for upgrading TDFL in the management information recording method shown in Fig. 9,10,11A and 11B, and shows the management information recording method under the situation of application class especially.
At first, by 5 " 1 bunch of replacement " TDFL is recorded as under the situation of TDFL#K, comprises that 6 successive clusters with defect entries 3,4 and 5 corresponding defect areas are replaced to be recorded as " piece replacement " in supposition.At this moment, in the update time of TDFK#K+1, can write down new clauses and subclauses, and since the defect entries 3,4 and 5 that writes down among the previous TDFL#K be contained in " piece replacements " district among the TDFL#K+1, so they do not need further management and so save in TDFL#K+1.Like this, because defect entries 3,4 and 5 can be expressed as new BRAD type clauses and subclauses, they are not registered as the management information among the TDFL#K+1.Therefore, the final entry number of TDFL#K+l is 3, and at first arranges these three clauses and subclauses based on " state 1 " information by classification, and presses the order arrangement of their original area positions subsequently before replacement.By this being applied to the situation of Figure 12, all entry type RAD or BRAD have " state 1=0000b " identical among the TDFL#K+1, therefore arrange these clauses and subclauses by PSN (physical sector number) order of the original area of replacing, and this is second basis of classification.So, the quantity of the defect entries that forms owing to " piece replacement " can be reduced, and the directorial area of optical disc write once can be used effectively.
Figure 13 has illustrated according to the present invention the device of recoding/reproduction optical disc write once.
This data recording/reproducing device comprises and being used at the data recording/reproducing device of the enterprising line item of CD/reproduction and main frame or the controller that is used to control this device.Controller is used for the recoding/reproduction order is offered data recording/reproducing device, and data recording/reproducing device is according to order enterprising line item/reproduction in the specific region of CD of controller.Data recording/reproducing device 10 comprises and the outside interface 12 that communicates, the light picker 11 of record or reproduction data on CD, be used for receiving reproducing signal and be modulated into the data processor 13 of signal to transmit this modulation signal that can be recorded on the CD with the signal that reverts to expected signal value or will write down from light picker, be used to control light picker 11 so that accurately read signal or the accurate servo unit 14 of write signal on CD from CD, be used for the interim storer 15 of the various information that contain management information and data and the microcomputer 16 that is used for the element of controlling recording/transcriber stored.
During recording operation, read all management information of CD and be stored in the storer 15 of data recording/reproducing device, and management information is used for the recoding/reproduction operation on the CD.Record data in the specific region of CD if desired, then controller 20 is transferred to data recording/reproducing device with positional information with the data that will write down.Microcomputer 16 receiving record orders in the data recording/reproducing device 10, and judge that by the management information of storage in the storer 15 disc area of controller 20 expectation record data is that the zone of having write down also is the zone of non-record.If it judges that this zone is non-posting field, then microcomputer 16 carries out record according to the record order of controller 20, and if judge that this zone is the zone of having write down, then microcomputer 16 is replaced this data and is recorded in another zone of data field.Therefore, positional information and data transmission that microcomputer will be replaced recording areas arrive server unit 14 and data processor 13, so that replace record at the desired locations place of CD by light picker 11.
Reproducing operating period, reading all management information of CD and be stored in the storer 15 of data recording/reproducing device, and management information is used for the recoding/reproduction operation on the CD.Reproduce the data that write down in the specific region of CD if desired, then controller 20 is transferred to data recording/reproducing device with positional information.Microcomputer 16 in the data recording/reproducing device 10 receives and reproduces order, and whether judgment data has been replaced in another zone that is recorded in the data field.As mentioned above, this can utilize the defect entries or the overwrite entries that write down among the TDFL to confirm.Therefore, not to replace the zone if expect reproduced zone, then controller reproduces corresponding zone, and information reproduction is sent to controller 20.Be recorded in another zone if data have been replaced, then microcomputer reproduces corresponding replacement posting field, and information reproduction is sent to controller 20.