CN1725042B - Scanning type optical grating write in method based on palbot interferometer and scanning type Talbot interferometer - Google Patents
Scanning type optical grating write in method based on palbot interferometer and scanning type Talbot interferometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1725042B CN1725042B CN200510010888.8A CN200510010888A CN1725042B CN 1725042 B CN1725042 B CN 1725042B CN 200510010888 A CN200510010888 A CN 200510010888A CN 1725042 B CN1725042 B CN 1725042B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a Talbot interferometer based scanning grating writing method and a scanning Talbot interferometer, using the Talbot interferometer to make reflection, diffraction and reflection in turn on incident beam, then forming interference stripes on optical fiber and simultaneously making the interference stripes move along the optical fiber, thus writing grating in the optical fiber by scanning. And the scanning Talbot interferometer is composed of plane mirror, horizontal translating table, phase mask, zero-level blocking shading plate and vertical translating table as well as optical fiber fixed on the vertical translating table and has the advantages of being able to conveniently tune written Bragg wavelength, low requirement for pulse energy and coherence of a writing light source, small length of plane mirror of the Talbot interferometer, etc.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of scan-type grating wiring method and scan-type Talbot interferometer, belong to optical technical field based on the Talbot interferometer.
Technical background: since 1993, people such as K.O.Hill verified that first optical fiber directly is positioned over the ultraviolet near field interference region that produces through the phase mask diffraction, and this wiring method has been widely used in making fiber grating.But in the contact wrting method of phase mask, in the grating cycle of Bragg wavelength corresponding to phase mask that write of fiber grating, the Bragg wavelength can not change as required.For the Bragg wavelength that writes can being changed and, a kind of Talbot interferometer being arranged, realize changing the wavelength that writes of fiber grating by the angle of adjusting level crossing greater than 2nm; But the grating length that this Talbot interferometer writes is subject to the length of level crossing and writes the coherence of light source, the grating of making narrow bandwidth often needs long level crossing (satisfy that ultraviolet interferes＞level crossing of 60mm be difficult to make), that the pulse energy density that writes the grating pair ultraviolet light beam requires is also high (as write system I type grating, energy density is necessary＞100mJ/cm
2/ pulse, cumlative energy density is necessary＞500J/cm
2); In addition, the coherence of light source is also bigger to the influence that writes grating.
Summary of the invention: the deficiency that the objective of the invention is to overcome prior art, a kind of Bragg wavelength that can tuningly easily write is provided, pulse energy and the coherence who writes light source required the low scan-type grating wiring method based on the Talbot interferometer, and the scan-type Talbot interferometer that is used for this method.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: should be based on the scan-type grating wiring method of Talbot interferometer, be to use the Talbot interferometer, after making incident beam pass through reflection, diffraction, reflection successively, on optical fiber, form interference fringe, the interference fringe of formation is moved horizontally along optical fiber, thereby scanning write grating on optical fiber.
Employing has the Talbot interferometer of horizontal translation platform and vertical translation platform structure, make incident beam successively by the level crossing 1 on the horizontal translation platform 2, the phase mask 3 on the support, the diffraction reflection mirror 5 and 6 on the horizontal translation platform 2, and shadow shield 4 blocking-up phase mask 3 zero order diffracted lights that produce, reflect, diffraction, reflection, on the optical fiber on the vertical translation platform 87, form interference fringe, move horizontally horizontal translation platform 2 simultaneously, make interference fringe along fibre movement, scanning writes grating on optical fiber; Also can make incident beam successively by the phase mask 3 on the level crossing on the support 1, the horizontal translation platform 2, the diffraction reflection mirror 5 and 6 on the support, and shadow shield (4) blocking-up phase mask (3) zero order diffracted light that produces, reflect, diffraction, reflection, on the optical fiber 7 on the vertical translation platform 8 that is fixed on the horizontal translation platform 2, form interference fringe, move horizontally horizontal translation platform 2 simultaneously, interference fringe is moved along optical fiber 7, thereby scanning write grating on optical fiber.
The employed scan-type Talbot of this scan-type grating wrting method interferometer, shadow shield 4, diffraction reflection mirror 5, diffraction reflection mirror 6 by level crossing 1, horizontal translation platform 2, phase mask 3, the blocking-up of realization zero level, and vertical translation platform 8 and optical fiber 7 compositions fixed thereon, phase mask 3 is between level crossing 1 and diffraction reflection mirror 5,6, and zero level blocking-up shadow shield 4 is between diffraction reflection mirror 5,6.Needs according to the scanning writing mode, can adopt level crossing 1, zero level blocking-up shadow shield 4, diffraction reflection mirror (level crossing) 5, diffraction reflection mirror (level crossing) 6 are fixed on the horizontal translation platform 2, phase mask 3 is by stent support, vertical translation platform 8 and horizontal translation platform 2 separated structures realize that by fringe movement scan-type writes.Also can adopt phase mask 3 and vertical translation platform 8 are fixed on the horizontal translation platform 2, level crossing 1, diffraction reflection mirror (level crossing) 5, diffraction reflection mirror (level crossing) 6, zero level blocking-up shadow shield 4 are by stent support, and vertical translation platform 8 is positioned over the structure on the horizontal translation platform 2; When horizontal translation platform 2 is done horizontal translation, can drive vertical translation platform 8, thereby make the optical fiber that is positioned on the vertical translation platform 8 realize moving horizontally, realize that scan-type writes.
In this scan-type Talbot interferometer, the rotation of 5,6 two level crossings (diffraction reflection mirror) plays decisive action to the Bragg wavelength that writes that changes fiber grating.According to principle of reflection, when the angle of plane of reflection mirror changes δ, the direction changes delta of folded light beam
Equal 2 δ.Therefore, when two level crossings rotated δ in opposite directions, under given Bragg condition, the Bragg response wave length was:
Simultaneously, if the turning axle of 5,6 liang of level crossings (diffraction reflection mirror) and incident ± the overlapping of 1 order diffraction light beam, then the two water chestnut ridges that write the interference region of interfering beam will move to:
ΔL＝(W
s/2)[cot(θ/2+2δ)-cot(θ/2)] (2)
Therefore, when scan-type Talbot interferometer is used for tuningly when writing grating Bragg wavelength, should do corresponding translation and just can make optical fiber to be written be positioned to write interference region, promptly in optical fiber, write grating as long as place the translation stage 8 of optical fiber.
The present invention has been owing to adopted conveniently adjusted motion structure and scanning type writing mode, thereby has following advantage:
1, can regulate the wavelength that writes grating Bragg as required easily, and it is wide to write the length range of grating;
2, reduced the length of Talbot interferometer midplane mirror greatly, to the dimensional requirement of level crossing only need greater than laser facula size (＞1mm);
3, the requirement to the coherence length of laser significantly reduces, and has reduced writing light source coherence's requirement;
4, significantly reduced requirement to pulsed laser energy.
Description of drawings: the invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is a fringe movement type structural representation of the present invention,
Fig. 2 is a fibre movement type structural representation of the present invention,
Fig. 3 is the curve map of Bragg wavelength of the present invention with the angle variation of level crossing rotation,
Fig. 4 moves the curve map of the angle variation of rotating with level crossing for the water chestnut ridge that the present invention two writes the interference region of interfering beam.
Embodiment:
Example 1: should be based on the scan-type grating wiring method of Talbot interferometer, be to use the Talbot interferometer, after making incident beam pass through reflection, diffraction, reflection successively, on optical fiber, form interference fringe, the interference fringe of formation is moved horizontally along optical fiber, thereby scanning write grating on optical fiber.Employing has the Talbot interferometer of horizontal translation platform and vertical translation platform structure, make incident beam successively by the diffraction reflection mirror on the level crossing on the horizontal translation platform, the phase mask on the support, the horizontal translation platform, and the zero order diffracted light that inserts 3 generations of 4 pairs of phase masks of shadow shield is blocked, reflect, diffraction, reflection, on the optical fiber on the vertical translation platform, form interference fringe, move horizontally the horizontal translation platform simultaneously, make interference fringe along fibre movement, scanning writes grating on optical fiber.
As shown in Figure 1, the employed scan-type Talbot of this scan-type grating wrting method interferometer, by level crossing 1, horizontal translation platform 2, phase mask 3, zero level blocking-up shadow shield 4, diffraction reflection mirror 5 and 6, and vertical translation platform 8 and optical fiber 7 compositions fixed thereon.Level crossing 1, zero level blocking-up shadow shield 4, diffraction reflection mirror (level crossing) 5 and 6 are fixed on the horizontal translation platform 2, phase mask 3 is by stent support, phase mask 3 is between level crossing 1 and diffraction reflection mirror 5,6, zero level blocking-up shadow shield 4 is between diffraction reflection mirror 5,6, and vertical translation platform 8 separates with horizontal translation platform 2.
During work, drive two level crossings 5,6 that work the level crossing 1 that is reflected into the irradiating light beam effect on it and play reflection ± 1 order diffraction light action simultaneously by horizontal translation platform 2 and do translation in the horizontal direction, interference fringe is moved along optical fiber 7, thereby scanning writes grating.
Example 2: should be based on the scan-type grating wiring method of Talbot interferometer, be to use the Talbot interferometer, after making incident beam pass through reflection, diffraction, reflection successively, on optical fiber, form interference fringe, the interference fringe of formation is moved horizontally along optical fiber, thereby scanning write grating on optical fiber.Employing has the Talbot interferometer of horizontal translation platform and vertical translation platform structure, make incident beam successively by the phase mask on the level crossing on the support, the horizontal translation platform, diffraction reflection mirror on the support, and insert shadow shield the zero order diffracted light that phase mask produces is blocked, reflect, diffraction, reflection, on the optical fiber on the vertical translation platform that is fixed on the horizontal translation platform, form interference fringe, move horizontally the horizontal translation platform simultaneously, make interference fringe along fibre movement, scanning writes grating on optical fiber.
As shown in Figure 2, the employed scan-type Talbot of this scan-type grating wrting method interferometer, by level crossing 1, horizontal translation platform 2, phase mask 3, zero level blocking-up shadow shield 4, diffraction reflection mirror 5 and 6, and vertical translation platform 8 and optical fiber 7 compositions fixed thereon.Phase mask 3 and vertical translation platform 8 are fixed on the horizontal translation platform 2, level crossing 1, diffraction reflection mirror (level crossing) 5 and 6, zero level blocking-up shadow shield 4 are by stent support, phase mask 3 is between level crossing 1 and diffraction reflection mirror 5,6, zero level blocking-up shadow shield 4 is between diffraction reflection mirror 5,6, and vertical translation platform 8 is positioned on the horizontal translation platform 2.
During work, drive on it the phase mask 3 that plays diffraction simultaneously and the optical fiber 7 of grating to be written is done translation in the horizontal direction, make optical fiber along fringe movement, thereby scanning writes grating by horizontal translation platform 2.
Write in the scan-type Talbot interferometer of Bragg wavelength the grating cycle Δ of phase mask in this change
PmBe 1084nm, when the wavelength X that writes light beam as if ultraviolet
UvWhen being 248nm, then ± 1 order diffraction diffraction of light angle θ/2=13.225 °; Spacing W between two level crossings
sBe 10mm, as the result of formula (2), phase mask is 42.6mm to the distance L that writes interference region; In the fibre core of optical fiber, effective reflectivity n
EffBe 1.46.
With above-mentioned data substitution formula (1), can represent Fig. 3 of Bragg wavelength and 5,6 liang of level crossing angle variation relations.Meanwhile, the translation stage 8 of placing optical fiber should carry out translation by the rule of formula (2) could make optical fiber to be written be positioned to write interference region, and the two water chestnut ridges that write the interference region of interfering beam move the curve that the angle with the level crossing rotation changes and see Fig. 4.
Claims (4)
1. scan-type grating wiring method based on the Talbot interferometer, it is characterized in that adopting Talbot interferometer with horizontal translation platform (2) and vertical translation platform (8) structure, make incident beam successively by the level crossing (1) on the horizontal translation platform, phase mask on the support (3), two diffraction reflection mirrors (5 on the horizontal translation platform, 6), and shadow shield (4) blocking-up phase mask (3) zero order diffracted light that produces, reflect, diffraction, reflection, optical fiber (7) on vertical translation platform (8) is gone up and is formed interference fringe, move horizontally horizontal translation platform (2) simultaneously, make interference fringe along fibre movement, thereby scanning write grating on optical fiber.
2. scan-type grating wiring method based on the Talbot interferometer, it is characterized in that adopting Talbot interferometer with horizontal translation platform (2) and vertical translation platform (8) structure, make incident beam successively by the level crossing on the support (1), phase mask on the horizontal translation platform (3), two diffraction reflection mirrors (5 of stent support, 6), and shadow shield (4) blocking-up phase mask (3) zero order diffracted light that produces, reflect, diffraction, reflection, optical fiber (7) in the vertical translation platform (8) on being fixed on the horizontal translation platform is gone up and is formed interference fringe, move horizontally horizontal translation platform (2) simultaneously, make interference fringe along fibre movement, thereby scanning write grating on optical fiber.
3. the described scan-type grating of claim 1 wrting method is with scan-type Talbot interferometer, it is characterized in that it is by level crossing (1), horizontal translation platform (2), phase mask (3), zero level blocking-up shadow shield (4), two diffraction reflection mirrors (5,6), and vertical translation platform (8) and optical fiber (7) and support composition fixed thereon, level crossing (1), zero level blocking-up shadow shield (4), two diffraction reflection mirrors (5,6) be fixed on the horizontal translation platform (2), phase mask (3) is by stent support, phase mask (3) is positioned at level crossing (1) and two diffraction reflection mirrors (5,6) between, zero level blocking-up shadow shield (4) is positioned at two diffraction reflection mirrors (5,6) between, vertical translation platform (8) separates with horizontal translation platform (2), horizontal translation platform (2) can be finished left and right horizontal and move freely, and vertical translation platform (8) can be finished easy on and off and move.
4. scan-type grating wrting method according to claim 2 scan-type Talbot interferometer, it is characterized in that it is by level crossing (1), horizontal translation platform (2), phase mask (3), zero level blocking-up shadow shield (4), two diffraction reflection mirrors (5,6), and vertical translation platform (8) and optical fiber (7) and support composition fixed thereon, phase mask (3) and vertical translation platform (8) are fixed on the horizontal translation platform (2), level crossing (1), two diffraction reflection mirrors (5,6), zero level blocking-up shadow shield (4) is by stent support, phase mask (3) is positioned at level crossing (1) and two diffraction reflection mirrors (5,6) between, zero level blocking-up shadow shield (4) is positioned at two diffraction reflection mirrors (5,6) between, vertical translation platform (8) is positioned on the horizontal translation platform (2).
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