CN1712168A - Impulsive arc welding powder supply - Google Patents
Impulsive arc welding powder supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN1712168A CN1712168A CN 200510076097 CN200510076097A CN1712168A CN 1712168 A CN1712168 A CN 1712168A CN 200510076097 CN200510076097 CN 200510076097 CN 200510076097 A CN200510076097 A CN 200510076097A CN 1712168 A CN1712168 A CN 1712168A
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Abstract
Using inert gas for shield gas only , make it pssible to display a voltage proportional to an arc length on a voltmeter of a welding power source even when unusual voltage is superposed in a pulse arc welding power source which supplies the welding current Iw composed of peak current and base current, detects the welding voltage Vw between a consumable electrode 1 and a base material 2, calculates the welding voltage limiting value Vft by limiting the detected welding voltage Vd by the predetermined variation range Vc +- [Delta]Vc from the reference voltage waveform Vc of the pulse waveform, and controls the output of the welding power source so that the average welding voltage limiting value Vfa obtained by averaging the welding voltage limiting value Vft is approximately equal to the predetermined voltage set value Vs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in the pulsed arc welding of only using argon gas as protective gas, be used for making the impulsive arc welding powder supply that is presented at potentiometer with the roughly proportional magnitude of voltage of arc length.
Background technology
Arc welding especially in the consumable electrode arc welding, suitably is the good essential condition of welding quality of the stabilisation that is used to make welded condition, soundization that weld seam (bead) forms etc. as the arc length of the distance between electrode front end and the mother metal.Arc length, usually roughly and the mean value Vav of the voltage between electrode and the mother metal (weldingvoltage Vw) proportional.Therefore, in consumable electrode arc welding power source, export control,, arc length is controlled to be appropriate value so that this weldingvoltage mean value Vav and predefined voltage setting value Vs are about equally.Further, in order to make the suitable good welds quality that wait to keep of the amount of fusing into, can be mainly the mean value Iav of the welding current Iw of energising electric arc be set at appropriate value.As mentioned above, good in order to make welding quality, also can mainly weldingvoltage mean value Vav and welding current mean value Iav with the arc length equivalence be set at appropriate value.Therefore, in the welding production process, be weldingvoltage mean value Vav and welding current mean value Iav as the important factor of the management project that is used to manage welding quality.For this qualitative control, in the front panel of the source of welding current, set analog or digital potentiometer and galvanometer usually.In addition, also exist, be input to the potentiometer and the galvanometric situation that are equipped in the control device from (external mechanical) the output weldingvoltage Vw and the welding current Iw of the source of welding current to other.In the source of welding current that is possessed, to take out the detection signal of weldingvoltage Vw and welding current Iw usually in this case from Interface Terminal.(about above-mentioned prior art, reference example such as patent documentation 1,2)
Fig. 3 is as welding current Iw in the consumable electrode pulsed arc welding of object and the oscillogram of weldingvoltage Vw with the present invention.Below, describe with reference to this figure.
The peak value of t1～t2 among the Tup, shown in figure (A), by the transition current that rises to peak point current Ip from background current Ib, shown in figure (B), was applied between electrode, the mother metal to the transient voltage that crest voltage Vp rises from base value voltage Vb between the rising stage constantly.Constantly between the peak period of t2～t3 among the Tp, shown in figure (A), the peak point current Ip of the big current value by being used to make the droplet transfer, shown in figure (B), crest voltage Vp is added between electrode, the mother metal.Among the Tdw, shown in figure (A),, shown in figure (B), be applied between electrode, the mother metal to the transient voltage that base value voltage Vb descends between the peak value decrement phase of moment t3～t4 from crest voltage Vp by the transition current that descends to background current Ib from peak point current Ip.During the base value of moment t4～t5 among the Tb, shown in figure (A), by being used for not making the background current Ib of the little current value that molten drop grows up, shown in figure (B), base value voltage Vb is applied between electrode, the mother metal.With repeating as pulse period Tf during above-mentioned moment t1～t5, weld.
Value behind the welding current Iw of the impulse waveform shown in this figure of equalization (A) is welding current mean value Iav, and the value shown in this figure (B) behind the weldingvoltage Vw of equalization impulse waveform is weldingvoltage mean value Vav.In the figure, instantaneous arc length changes in pulse period Tf constantly.But, the arc length relevant with above-mentioned welding quality be the one number time～variation of average arc length in tens of cycles.Therefore, be not weldingvoltage Vw instantaneous value but by the variation of the mean value of average detection arc length.Therefore, above-mentioned and following in, when only note is made arc length, be the mean value of arc length.Do in note under the situation of instantaneous arc length, note is made instantaneous arc length.As mentioned above, the output of the source of welding current is controlled so that this weldingvoltage mean value Vav and predefined voltage setting value Vs about equally.As the method for this output control, in the past since, use by FEEDBACK CONTROL change above-mentioned pulse period Tf, at least more than one the method for Tp, peak point current Ip etc. between the peak period.In addition, as mentioned above,, and, carry out qualitative control by these show values with welding current Iw or welding current mean value Iav input current meter with weldingvoltage Vw or weldingvoltage mean value Vav input voltage meter.Not under the analog but digital situation of mean value of expression instantaneous value at potentiometer and galvanometer, calculate weldingvoltage mean value Vav and welding current mean value Iav, be input in potentiometer and the galvanometer.
In the pulsed arc welding,, use the protection gas of argon gas as principal component in order successfully to carry out the droplet transfer.For example, in iron steel material, use the mist of argon 80%+ carbon dioxide 20%, in the stainless steel steel, use the mist of argon 98%+ oxygen 2%.In addition, when aluminium, heat-resistant corrosion-resistant alloy of chrome-iron-nickel, stainless steel steel, the gas of use argon 100% (below, be called pure argon).With argon gas as the gas of main component (below; be called the gas that is rich in argon gas) as in the pulse of the protective gas welding; in order to make the oxidisability composition (above-mentioned carbon dioxide, oxygen etc.) that in protective gas, comprises few, in the electric arc generating unit, form a little less than the effect of oxide-film.If promptly removed the oxide-film on mother metal surface by the cleaning action of electric arc, then owing to a little less than the oxidation of protective gas, so electric arc generation central part becomes the non-existent state of oxide-film.On the other hand, because the negative electrode point of electric arc has certain a part of character that is formed at oxide-film easily, so the negative electrode point becomes and needs oxide-film and expand to the electric arc periphery.
Fig. 4 is weldingvoltage Vw in the pulsed arc welding when having produced short circuit and the oscillogram of weldingvoltage limits value Vft.This figure is a situation of using the gas that is rich in argon gas in protective gas.Many and a pulse period are carried out the droplet transfer once synchronously in pulsed arc welding.This pulse period 1/Tf is about 100～300Hz.Promptly in the droplet transfer of carrying out between 1 second about 100～300 times.Usually, how this droplet transfer does not carry out along with short circuit, but in the short circuit that produces the short time about tens of times between 1 second.It among the figure situation that produces short circuit among the moment t1～t2 in during base value.
If produce short circuit at moment t1, then electric arc weakens and instantaneous arc length vanishing.After this electric arc betides in the mother metal part under the electrode again among the moment t2.Big energy need to take place in this electric arc again.For this energy is supplied with electric arc, overlapping big abnormal voltage.Need the reason of big energy to be: owing to there is not oxide-film as mentioned above like that on the mother metal surface under the electrode, therefore forming negative electrode point again needs big energy.Owing to move, so do not need energy, subtract the abnormal voltage that goes out, restore and be common voltage at moment t3 negative electrode point certain electric arc periphery to oxide-film.Above-mentioned abnormal voltage not only is created in after the above-mentioned short circuit soon, and the inhomogeneous negative electrode point of state that is created in oxide-film rocks mobile situation etc. down.Obvious especially under the situation of the protective gas that is abnormal voltage a little less than using oxidation etc.Therefore, under the situation of using the pure argon that does not comprise oxidizing component, the value of abnormal voltage is big, and it is also high to produce frequency.
As mentioned above, important arc length in the welding quality is not the instantaneous arc length in the pulse period, but the one number time～the average arc length in tens of cycles.Above-mentioned abnormal voltage is and the arc length voltage that it doesn't matter that the average voltage level of removing this voltage is the magnitude of voltage of the proportional relation of arc length.The invention of patent documentation 3 relates to remove the document of the method for this abnormal voltage.Below, this method of removing is described.
In figure (B), preestablish with the reference voltage waveform Vc of the impulse waveform shown in the dotted line and with the mobility scale ± Δ Vc of this waveform as central value.And, when weldingvoltage Vw is in outside the scope of this Vc ± Δ Vc, remove as abnormal voltage.Its result, weldingvoltage Vw become weldingvoltage limits value Vft, become and the proportional voltage waveform of arc length of removing abnormal voltage.Be counted as the mean value of this weldingvoltage limits value Vft, export control so that with predefined voltage setting value about equally, arc length can be controlled to be appropriate value.Above-mentioned reference voltage waveform Vc also can by rolling average reach in the past the one number time～the weldingvoltage limits value Vft in tens of cycles and automatic setting.
Fig. 5 is weldingvoltage mean value Vav, the mean value Vaf of weldingvoltage limits value in the pulsed arc welding and the time variation diagram of voltage setting value Vs.As shown in the figure, because weldingvoltage mean value Vav is the mean value that comprises the magnitude of voltage of abnormal voltage, therefore change is big.Corresponding therewith, because weldingvoltage restriction mean value Vfa is and the mean value of the proportional weldingvoltage limits value of the arc length of removing abnormal voltage Vft therefore to change little.And, because output is controlled to weldingvoltage restriction mean value Vfa, so that equate with voltage setting value Vs, so Vfa=Vs.Therefore, set arc length, control so that become suitable arc length by voltage setting value Vs by weldingvoltage restriction mean value Vfa.
As mentioned above, be rich in the pulsed arc welding of argon gas in use, by resulting from the instability etc. of uneven negative electrode point of state of the forming again of the negative electrode point of short circuit when removing, oxide-film, abnormal voltage is overlapped on the weldingvoltage.Further, if protective gas is a pure argon, then the value of this abnormal voltage becomes big, and produces continually.If by the weldingvoltage that comprises this abnormal voltage potentiometer is shown, then becomes and the out-of-proportion value of arc length.As mentioned above, though potentiometer shows with the out-of-proportion value of arc length therefore nonsensical as the index demonstration of management arc length.
Fig. 6 is the figure of deviation that measure to use the show value of the potentiometer in the pulsed arc welding of stainless steel steel of pure argon.This figure is that diagram is carried out the show value of potentiometer of 5 welding and the deviation between the voltage setting value respectively with three conditions of 100A-20V (voltage setting value), 150A-22V and 200A-24V.Voltage between the lead-out terminal of the source of welding current that potentiometer will be connected usually is that weldingvoltage is as input signal.
As shown in the figure, the show value of potentiometer also be offset 3～10V from the voltage setting value of setting arc length, and the deviation of the show value of potentiometer each time is also big.Therefore, can not manage arc length by the show value of potentiometer.
Wherein, galvanometric demonstration is a welding current mean value, even also this value is not exerted an influence at the state that produces abnormal voltage.Its reason is because the common constant current of impulsive arc welding powder supply control, even therefore under the state that produces abnormal voltage, the current value of energising is also roughly the same with the above-mentioned current waveform in Fig. 3 (A).Therefore, galvanometer is detected welding current by shunt resistance etc. and as the usual method of input signal without any problem.
Patent documentation 1: the spy opens flat 5-200547 communique;
Patent documentation 2: the spy opens flat 10-314940 communique;
Patent documentation 3: the spy opens the 2003-311409 communique.
Summary of the invention
At this, the invention provides a kind ofly in the pulsed arc welding of using pure argon, can show and the arc length pulsed arc welding voltage of proportional magnitude of voltage roughly by potentiometer.
In order to address the above problem; the present invention; in protective gas, only use inert gas; welding current by the impulse waveform that constitutes by peak point current and background current; and detect the weldingvoltage of the impulse waveform between consumable electrode and the mother metal; this weldingvoltage detected value is limited in the regulation mobility scale of reference voltage waveform of impulse waveform; calculate the weldingvoltage limits value; the output of the control source of welding current is so that in the weldingvoltage restriction mean value and predefined voltage setting value impulsive arc welding powder supply about equally behind this weldingvoltage limits value of equalization; it is characterized in that; replace described weldingvoltage detected value; with described weldingvoltage limits value or described weldingvoltage restriction mean value, as the input signal of potentiometer in being equipped on the source of welding current and/or the Interface Terminal between the external mechanical.
(invention effect)
According to relevant impulsive arc welding powder supply of the present invention, by weldingvoltage being limited in the given mobility scale that begins from the reference voltage waveform, calculate the weldingvoltage limits value, can remove abnormal voltage.By with this weldingvoltage limits value or this mean value as the input signal of potentiometer, can show and the proportional magnitude of voltage of arc length.Thus, can correctly carry out management as important welding quality ground arc length.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the impulsive arc welding powder supply of relevant embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the show value of the expression potentiometer that is used to illustrate effect of the present invention and the figure of the deviation between the voltage setting value.
Fig. 3 is electric current, the voltage oscillogram of the pulsed arc welding of prior art.
Fig. 4 be the weldingvoltage Vw behind the overlapping anomaly voltage of the prior art and remove abnormal voltage after the oscillogram of weldingvoltage limits value Vft.
Fig. 5 is the weldingvoltage mean value Vav in the pulsed arc welding of the prior art, the time variation diagram that weldingvoltage limits mean value Vfa and voltage setting value Vs.
Fig. 6 is the show value of the expression potentiometer that is used to illustrate problem of the present invention and the figure of the deviation between the voltage setting value.
Among the figure: the 1-welding wire; The 2-mother metal; 3-electric arc; The 4-welding gun; The 5-thread delivering roller; EI-current error amplifying circuit; Ei-current error amplifying signal; EV-voltage error amplifying circuit; Ev-voltage error amplifying signal; FT-limits filter circuit; Iav-welding current mean value; The Ib-background current; IBS-background current initialization circuit; Ibs-background current setting signal; The ID-current detection circuit; The Id-current detection signal; The Ip-peak point current; IPS-peak point current initialization circuit; Ips-peak point current setting signal; ISC-Current Control initialization circuit; Isc-Current Control setting signal; The Iw-welding current; The PM-electric power main circuit; ST-effluxion measuring circuit; St-effluxion signal; During the Tb-base value; Between Tdw-peak value decrement phase; The Tf-pulse period (signal); Tp-is between the peak period; Between the Tup-peak value rising stage; V/F-voltage, frequency-conversion circuit; Vav-weldingvoltage mean value; Vb-base value voltage; VC-base value voltage waveform memory circuit; Vc-reference voltage waveform/center voltage value signal; The VD-voltage detecting circuit; Vd-weldingvoltage detection signal; VFA-mean value is calculated circuit; Vfa-weldingvoltage restriction mean value (signal); Vft-weldingvoltage limits value (signal); The VM-potentiometer; The Vp-crest voltage; The VS-voltage setting circuit; Vs-voltage is set (value/signal); The Vw-weldingvoltage; Δ VC-mobility scale initialization circuit; Δ Vc-mobility scale (signal).
The specific embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing embodiments of the present invention are described.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the impulsive arc welding powder supply of relevant embodiments of the present invention.Below, with reference to figure each frame is described.
Electric power main circuit PM uses AC power (3 phase 200V etc.) as input commercialization, according to following current error amplifying signal Ei, carries out the output control of inversion control, copped wave control etc., weldingvoltage Vw and welding current Iw that output is suitable for welding.Welding wire 1 by giving in the welding gun 4, and produces electric arc 3 between the mother metal 2 by the rotation of the thread delivering roller (roll) 5 of welding wire feed apparatus.
Voltage detecting circuit VD detects above-mentioned weldingvoltage, output weldingvoltage detection signal Vd.Reference voltage waveform memory circuit VC stores predefined as mentioned above like that or by the reference voltage waveform of rolling average automatic setting, exports the center voltage value signal Vc corresponding with following elapsed time signal St.Mobility scale initialization circuit Δ Vc exports predefined mobility scale signal delta Vc.Restriction filter circuit FT as input, is limited to above-mentioned weldingvoltage detection signal Vd in the mobility scale Vc ± Δ Vc of above-mentioned center voltage value, output weldingvoltage limits value signal Vft.Mean value is calculated circuit VFA above-mentioned weldingvoltage limits value Vft is counted as mean value as input, output weldingvoltage restriction average value signal Vfa.
Voltage setting circuit Vs exports predefined voltage setting signal Vs.Voltage error amplifying circuit EV amplifies above-mentioned weldingvoltage restriction average value signal Vfa and the error between the voltage setting signal Vs, output voltage error amplifying signal Ev.Voltage, frequency-conversion circuit V/F are transformed to the proportional frequency of value with above-mentioned voltage error amplifying signal Ev, and output is transformed to the pulse-period signal Tf that becomes the short time high level to each of its frequency (pulse period).Effluxion measuring circuit ST instrumentation is exported elapsed time signal St from the elapsed time that above-mentioned pulse-period signal Tf is changed to the moment (zero hour of peak value between the rising stage) beginning of high level.
Peak point current initialization circuit IPS exports predefined peak point current setting signal Ips.Background current initialization circuit IBS exports predefined background current setting signal Ibs.Current Control initialization circuit ISC with above-mentioned elapsed time signal St as input, the peak value Current Control setting signal Isc that output is risen to above-mentioned peak point current setting signal Ips from above-mentioned background current setting signal Ibs among the Tup between the rising stage, among the Tp above-mentioned peak point current setting signal Ips is exported as Current Control setting signal Isc between the peak period after this, export the Current Control setting signal Isc to above-mentioned background current setting signal Ibs decline between peak value decrement phase after this among the Tdw, among the Tb above-mentioned background current setting signal Ibs is exported as Current Control setting signal Isc during the base value after this from above-mentioned peak point current setting signal Ips.Current detection circuit ID detects above-mentioned welding current Iw, output current detection signal Id.Current error amplifying circuit EI amplifies above-mentioned Current Control setting signal Isc and the error between the current detection signal Id, output current error amplification signal Ei.Its result is by being equivalent to the above-mentioned welding current Iw in Fig. 3 of above-mentioned Current Control setting signal Isc.
Potentiometer VM as input signal, shows above-mentioned weldingvoltage limits value signal Vft and the proportional magnitude of voltage of arc length of removing abnormal voltage.In addition, replace weldingvoltage limits value signal Vft, it is also identical as input signal that weldingvoltage is limited average value signal Vfa.Further, as mentioned above, also weldingvoltage can be limited the input signal of average value signal Vft or weldingvoltage restriction average value signal Vfa as the docking port terminal.Thus, can will be presented in the potentiometer that is equipped in the source of welding current or the external mechanical with the proportional magnitude of voltage of arc length.Therefore, can correctly carry out the management of arc length necessarily in order to obtain good welding quality.
Fig. 2 is the figure of deviation of the show value of the potentiometer during the pulsed arc of measuring the stainless steel steel of the use pure argon corresponding with above-mentioned Fig. 6 of an example of expression effect of the present invention welds.This figure is that diagram is carried out the show value of potentiometer of 5 welding and the figure of the deviation between the voltage setting value respectively with three conditions of 100A-20V (voltage setting value), 150A-22V and 200A-24V.Potentiometer in Fig. 1 as mentioned above like that with weldingvoltage limits value signal Vft as input signal.
As shown in the figure, the show value of potentiometer is roughly consistent with the voltage setting value of setting arc length, and does not also almost have the deviation of 5 times measured value.Thus, according to the present invention, can correctly there be deviation ground to show arc length by potentiometer.
Though above-mentioned explanation is just to the situation of DC pulse arc welding, the present invention is also applicable to the situation of alternating-current pulse arc welding.
In above-mentioned, the situation that oxygen-free is turned into the pure argon of composition is illustrated.But,, generally except that argon gas, also can use the mist of helium, argon gas and helium etc. as the inert gas that is used in the welding.Under the situation of only using these inert gases, because the oxidation that do not comprise carbon dioxide, oxygen etc. is as composition, therefore above-mentioned embodiment still is fit to.During to be the present invention applicable to the pulse of only inert gas of the mist of pure helium, pure argon, helium and argon gas etc. being used as protective gas weld.
Claims (1)
1; a kind of impulsive arc welding powder supply; in protective gas, only use inert gas; welding current by the impulse waveform that constitutes by peak point current and background current; and detect the weldingvoltage of the impulse waveform between consumable electrode and the mother metal; this weldingvoltage detected value is limited in the regulation mobility scale of reference voltage waveform of impulse waveform; calculate the weldingvoltage limits value; the output of the control source of welding current is so that in the weldingvoltage restriction mean value and predefined voltage setting value impulsive arc welding powder supply about equally behind this weldingvoltage limits value of equalization; it is characterized in that
Replace described weldingvoltage detected value, with described weldingvoltage limits value or described weldingvoltage restriction mean value, as the input signal of potentiometer in being equipped on the source of welding current and/or the Interface Terminal between the external mechanical.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004176322 | 2004-06-15 | ||
| JP2004176322A JP2006000857A (en) | 2004-06-15 | 2004-06-15 | Pulse arc welding power supply |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1712168A true CN1712168A (en) | 2005-12-28 |
| CN100546750C CN100546750C (en) | 2009-10-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2005100760975A Expired - Fee Related CN100546750C (en) | 2004-06-15 | 2005-06-08 | Pulse arc welding method |
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| JP (1) | JP2006000857A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100546750C (en) |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN100546750C (en) | 2009-10-07 |
| JP2006000857A (en) | 2006-01-05 |
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