CN1582845A - Blood pressure measuring method based on photoelectric plethysmographic signals with temperature compensation - Google Patents
Blood pressure measuring method based on photoelectric plethysmographic signals with temperature compensation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A blood pressure measuring method based on photoelectric volume describing signals and with temp compensation includes such steps as measuring and recording photoelectric volume describing signals, determining blood pressure measuring equation, recording the characteristic parameters of photoelectric volume describing signals, putting the actually measured photoelectric volume describing signal into said equation, calculating blood pressure value, and using said characteristic parameters to correct the value for temp compensation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to blood pressure measuring method, particularly a kind of blood pressure measuring method that adopts temperature-compensating based on the photoplethaysmography signal.
Background technology
Measuring blood pressure is the basic skills of understanding health condition and observing the state of an illness, especially the middle-aged and elderly people of suffering from cardiovascular disease more is necessary.
Measuring blood pressure has intrusive mood to measure and non-intrusion measurement two big classes.The intrusive mood measurement is a kind of direct measuring method, will be inserted into a conduit in the tremulous pulse during measurement, measures arterial pressure by the transducer that is connected with fluid column.This method is need be by professional health care personnel operation, expense high and cause bacterial infection easily and medical-risk such as lose blood.
Non-intrusion measurement is a kind of indirect measurement method.This method is safe in utilization, convenient, comfortable, is the method for measurement blood pressure commonly used in the present hospital.This method is also needed the patient of long term monitoring blood pressure to use at home by more and more.Because the public recognizes that day by day hypertension is the serious killer of health risk and the importance of diagnosing as early as possible and treating, use the consumer of non-invasion blood pressure meter constantly increasing.Non-intrusion measurement mainly contains three kinds of methods: pulse sphygomanometer, tone are measured sphygomanometer and based on the sphygomanometer in pulse wave transmission time.
The measuring method of pulse sphygomanometer has two kinds, and a kind of is auscultation, and a kind of is succusion.The auscultation ratio juris is to collect the Ke Shi sound, and whole device comprises cuff, mercury gauge (the employing electronic pressure transmitter is also arranged in recent years) and the stethoscope that can charge and discharge gas.When measuring the upper limb blood pressure, gas in the cuff is driven to the greatest extent in advance, then with the smooth aptychus of cuff twine in upper arm, find out beating of brachial artery, put stethoscopic chest piece and locate, open the mercury column switch in this, when the balloon by possessing valve alive when cuff is inflated, mercury column or indicator move immediately, when mercury column rises to default value, promptly stop inflation, then, opening balloon valve alive slightly slowly exits, mercury column then slowly descends (indicator revolution), should observe the scale that mercury column or indicator move this moment, if hear first sound equipment of brachial artery, shown in scale be systolic blood pressure, be called for short systolic pressure; Sound equipment dies down suddenly or when can't hear, scale is designated as diastolic blood pressure when mercury column drops to, and is called for short diastolic pressure.But this method can only be determined systolic pressure and diastolic pressure, and is not suitable for some the 5th Ke Shi sound than the extremely unheard patient of overly soft pulse.
Succusion can remedy the above-mentioned deficiency of auscultation, and the patient more weak for the Ke Shi sound also can measure blood pressure.During use with the smooth aptychus of cuff twine in upper arm, cuff is charged and discharged gas.Determine that by measurement oscillation amplitude of pressure in expansible cuff pressure value, the vibration of pressure are by arterial vascular contraction and expand caused.The numerical value of systolic pressure, mean pressure and diastolic pressure can be monitored the pressure this cuff and be obtained when this cuff is slowly exitted.Mean pressure is engraved in the pressure in the attenuating device of this cuff during corresponding to this envelope peak.Systolic pressure was estimated as before this envelope peak moment that amplitude corresponding to this envelope equals a ratio of this peak amplitude usually and locates pressure in the attenuating device of this cuff.Diastolic pressure is estimated as after the peak value of this envelope moment that amplitude corresponding to this envelope equals a ratio of this peak amplitude usually and locates pressure in the attenuating device of this cuff.Use different ratio values can have influence on the accuracy of blood pressure measurement.
Most of product in the market all is to adopt auscultation or succusion.But, therefore be difficult to frequently measure and continuous measurement because these two kinds of methods all need cuff is charged and discharged gas.And, the frequency of its measurement also be subjected to cosily to this cuff inflate the needed time and when measuring to the restriction of this needed time of cuff deflation.Usually, once complete blood pressure measurement needs about 1 minute.In addition, the size of cuff size also can impact the measurement result of blood pressure.
The ultimate principle that tone is measured sphygomanometer is: when blood vessel was subjected to the external object compressing, the circumferential stress of blood vessel wall had been eliminated, and at this moment intrinsic pressure the and external pressure of blood vessel wall equates.By to the tremulous pulse pressurization, tremulous pulse is flattened, record makes tremulous pulse keep flat pressure.Utilize one group to place surperficial eparterial array of pressure sensors to measure this pressure, and therefrom calculate patient's blood pressure.But the shortcoming of this method is that the cost of the pick off of its use is higher, and its certainty of measurement is subjected to the influence of measuring position easily, so unpopular on market.
Sphygomanometer based on the photoplethaysmography signal is to determine blood pressure according to the relation between arteriotony and the pulse wave transmission speed.Its principle is, when increased blood pressure, and vasodilation, the pulse wave transmission speed is accelerated, otherwise the pulse wave transmission speed slows down, particular content can be referring to Messers.J.C.Bramwell and A.V.Hill, " The Velocity of the Pulse Wave in Man ", Proceedings of the Royal Society, London, pp.298-306,1922 (" pulse wave velocity in the human body " of Messers.J.C.Bramwell and A.V.Hill, imperial association journal, London, page or leaf 298-306,1992) and B.Gribbin, A.Steptoe, and P.Sleight, " PulseWave Velocity as a Measure of Blood Pressure Change ", Psychophysiology, vol.13, no.1, pp.86-90,1976 (B.Gribbin, " measuring the pulse wave velocity of yardstick as blood pressure " of A.Steptoe and P.Sleight, psychophysiology, volume 13, first one, page or leaf 86-90,1976), be not described in detail herein.In use, this sphygomanometer is gathered the photoplethaysmography signal by the photoelectric sensor that places finger tip, and utilize reference point and the relation between the reference point in the electrocardiosignal in this photoplethaysmography signal to calculate pulse wave transmission speed (by the representative of pulse wave transmission time), and then calculate the arteriotony value.This method can provide the blood pressure measuring device that is simple and easy to usefulness, and its development cost is lower, and volume is little, and power consumption is few, can realize the long-time continuous of arteriotony is measured.
But, before use is taken blood pressure based on the blood pressure measuring of photoplethaysmography signal, to calibrate with standard-sphygmomanometer earlier, promptly, need find blood pressure and the relation of pulse wave between the transmission time, and then utilize pulse wave transmission time that actual measurement obtains and, thereby measure pressure value according to above-mentioned relation.Therefore, such problem might occur, that is, owing to the photoplethaysmography signal is gathered from the acral position of measured (as finger tip), and this signal is vulnerable to the influence of terminal temperature.If variation of temperature occurs during the measurement after calibration, then determined blood pressure and the relation of pulse wave between the transmission time will change in the calibration process, thereby have influence on the measurement result of pressure value.Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of blood pressure measurement, just need a kind of method and can eliminate the influence of temperature the photoplethaysmography signal.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the present invention makes at the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.Its objective is provides a kind of low cost, and miniaturization is simple and easy to the temperature compensation of usefulness, in order to improve the accuracy based on the blood pressure measurement of photoplethaysmography method.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of blood pressure measuring method that adopts temperature-compensating based on the photoplethaysmography signal, may further comprise the steps: 1) when carrying out the blood pressure measurement calibration, measure and recording blood pressure is measured required photoplethaysmography signal and determined the formula that embodies of blood pressure measurement formula according to described signal, also write down the characteristic parameter of described photoplethaysmography signal itself simultaneously; And 2) when carrying out the actual blood pressure measurement, the described blood pressure measurement formula that the photoplethaysmography signal substitution that the actual blood pressure measurement that records is required is determined by step 1) is to calculate pressure value, utilize the characteristic parameter of described photoplethaysmography signal itself that blood pressure measurement is carried out the temperature-compensating correction simultaneously, thereby obtain accurate blood pressure measurement.
In described step 1), the characteristic parameter of described photoplethaysmography signal itself comprises following characteristic parameter: a) temporal signatures: comprise signal amplitude, rising edge time and trailing edge time; B) derivative signal feature: comprise first derivative amplitude, second dervative amplitude; And c) frequency domain character: comprise frequency domain amplitude and frequency domain phase place.
The rising edge time that the characteristic parameter of described photoplethaysmography signal itself preferably adopts signal.The rising edge time of described photoplethaysmography signal is to obtain by bottom point that calculates the described photoplethaysmography signal in the same heart beat cycle and the interval between the point of top.
In an embodiment of the present invention, described step 1) further may further comprise the steps: measure and recording blood pressure is measured required electrocardiosignal, and determine the formula that embodies of blood pressure measurement formula according to described electrocardiosignal and described photoplethaysmography signal; Described step 2) further may further comprise the steps: carrying out measuring the required electrocardiosignal of blood pressure measurement when actual blood pressure is measured, and the described blood pressure measurement formula that the actual described photoplethaysmography signal that records and electrocardiosignal substitution are determined by step 1) is to calculate pressure value, utilize the characteristic parameter of described photoplethaysmography signal itself that blood pressure measurement is carried out the temperature-compensating correction simultaneously, thereby obtain accurate blood pressure measurement.
Described step 1) also comprises utilizes described electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal to determine the step in pulse wave transmission time.
The described pulse wave transmission time is determined by calculating reference point in the described electrocardiosignal and the interval between the reference point in the described photoplethaysmography signal.
Reference point in the described electrocardiosignal can be the reference point on the R type ripple signal in the electrocardiosignal, is preferably the peak point of its R type ripple.
Reference point in the described photoplethaysmography signal is top point or the bottom point in the signal.
Blood pressure measurement formula in the described step 1) is:
Bpsm＝Mscal×PT+Ksconst (1)
Bpdm＝Mdcal×PT+Kdconst (2)
Wherein, Bpsm is a systolic pressure to be measured, and Bpdm is a diastolic pressure to be measured, and PT is the inverse in described pulse wave transmission time, and Mscal is the systolic pressure parameter, and Mdcal is the diastolic pressure parameter, and Ksconst is the systolic pressure constant, and Kdconst is the diastolic pressure constant.
Described step 1) further may further comprise the steps: utilize the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure and the described pulse wave transmission time that are recorded by standard-sphygmomanometer, and calculate described systolic pressure parameter and described diastolic pressure parameter, thereby determine the formula that embodies of described blood pressure measurement formula (1) and (2) according to described formula (1) and (2).
Described step 2) also comprises and utilize described electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal to determine the step in pulse wave transmission time.
The described pulse wave transmission time is determined by calculating reference point in the described electrocardiosignal and the interval between the reference point in the described photoplethaysmography signal.
Reference point in the described electrocardiosignal is the reference point on the R type ripple signal in the electrocardiosignal, is preferably the peak point of its R type ripple.
Reference point in the described photoplethaysmography signal is top point or the bottom point in the signal.
In described step 2) in, the rising edge time of rising edge time by utilizing the described photoplethaysmography signal of record when actual blood pressure is measured and the described photoplethaysmography signal that when blood pressure measurement is calibrated, writes down, can carry out the temperature-compensating correction to blood pressure measurement, thereby obtain accurate blood pressure measurement.
Described step 2) the blood pressure computing formula that contains the temperature-compensating item of Cai Yonging is:
Bpsm＝Mscal×PT+Rt×Rsconst+Ksconst (3)
Bpdm＝Mdcal×PT+Rt×Rdconst+Kdconst (4)
Wherein, Bpsm is a systolic pressure to be measured, Bpdm is a diastolic pressure to be measured, PT is the inverse in described pulse wave transmission time, Mscal is the systolic pressure parameter, Mdcal is the diastolic pressure parameter, Ksconst is the systolic pressure constant, Kdconst is the diastolic pressure constant, Rsconst is the temperature-compensating constant of systolic pressure, Rdconst is the temperature-compensating constant of diastolic pressure, and the rising edge time of the rising edge time of the described photoplethaysmography signal of record and the described photoplethaysmography signal that writes down when blood pressure measurement calibrate was poor when Rt then measured for actual blood pressure.
Method provided by the invention characterizes temperature variations by utilizing the temperature variant rule of the feature of photoplethaysmography signal own, and utilize this rule that variations in temperature is compensated the error that blood pressure measurement causes, thereby realize temperature-compensating from dynamic(al) correction.This method can compensation temperature to the blood pressure result's who measures by the photoplethaysmography method influence, and need not to increase other temperature sensor.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.By these explanations, it is clearer that above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, advantage and feature will become.In following accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 shows the photoplethaysmography signal of same measured under different finger temperature situations;
Fig. 2 shows the feature of photoplethaysmography signal;
Fig. 3 is with the electrocardiosignal and the example in photoplethaysmography signal definition pulse wave transmission time;
Fig. 4 is according to the described overall flow figure that has the blood pressure measuring method of temperature-compensating of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of specific implementation calibration process shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of specific implementation measuring process shown in Figure 4.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6 method of the present invention is specifically described.
The photoplethaysmography characterization variation of blood flow in the organism, this signal waveform can be subjected to Temperature Influence.Fig. 1 shows the photoplethaysmography signal of same measured under different finger temperature situations, as shown in Figure 1, (a) and (b), (c) three groups of signals are respectively the photoplethaysmography signals of being noted by same measured during at 33 ℃, 23 ℃, 29 ℃ at finger temperature.As can be seen from Figure 1, along with variation of temperature, the wave character of photoplethaysmography signal also can correspondingly change.Fig. 2 has provided some wave characters of photoplethaysmography signal, comprises amplitude, rising edge time and the trailing edge time of waveform.Above-mentioned wave character can change synchronously with temperature when variations in temperature.Therefore, these wave characters can be used as the pointer of weighing variations in temperature.
Owing to the relation that the principle based on photoplethaysmography signal measurement blood pressure is based between pulse wave transmission time (PTT) and the blood pressure [can be referring to L.A.Geddes, M.H.Voelz, C.F.Babbs, J.D.Bourland, and W.A.Tacker, " Pulse Transit Time as an Indicator ofArterial Blood Pressure ", Psychophysiology, vol.18, no.1, pp.71-4,1981 (L.A.Geddes, M.H.Voelz, C.F.Babbs, " as the pulse transmission time of arteriotony index " of J.D.Bourland and W.A.Tacker, psychophysiology is rolled up 18, the first ones, page or leaf 71-4,1981)], and the pulse wave transmission time be normally defined reference point on the ECG signal and the characteristic point on the photoplethaysmography signal, as top point or bottom point.Therefore, when the waveform of photoplethaysmography signal changed with temperature, the length in pulse wave transmission time also can be subjected to Temperature Influence, and then had influence on the pressure value that estimates in view of the above.
In order to eliminate the error that blood pressure measurement is caused because of variations in temperature, through repeatedly experiment, the present inventor finds that when temperature reduced, the rising edge time can phenomenal growth.The variation ratio of rising edge between the time when calibrating can be used as temperature compensation factor and is introduced in the blood pressure computing formula rising edge time during therefore each the measurement.And the coefficient of temperature compensation factor can obtain by a large amount of result of the tests, and it is not that object relies on.
To be that example describes specific implementation method of the present invention below with the rising edge time of photoplethaysmography signal.
Fig. 3 is used for explanation and how utilizes electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal detection pulse wave transmission time.As shown in Figure 3, time 301, time 302 and time 303 are represented electrocardiosignal and the position of photoplethaysmography signal on time shaft respectively.Time 301 is top points of electrocardiosignal, and the time 302 is bottom points of photoplethaysmography signal, and the time 303 is top points of photoplethaysmography signal.These time values have been represented the reference value of decision pulse wave transmission time and rising edge time.Pulse wave transmission time PTT 304 is the time difference of time 301 and time 302.Rising edge time D c (in calibration mode) or Dm (in measurement pattern) 305 are the time difference of time 302 and time 303.Pulse wave transmission time 304 and rising edge time 305 are the indexs that are used to measure systolic pressure and diastolic pressure.
Fig. 4 is the integrated operation flow chart of the method for the invention.Blood pressure measuring method of the present invention mainly comprises two big steps, that is, and and calibration steps and measuring process.That is to say that utilizing pulse wave transmission time 304 and rising edge time 305 is to calibrate earlier as blood pressure measurement, and then carry out actual blood pressure and measure.Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, in step 401, the user decision will be carried out new calibration or utilize old calibrated parameter to do the measurement of blood pressure.If user need carry out new calibration, then can enter calibration mode 402.Need in this pattern to determine some required individualized calibration parameters in the blood pressure measurement process, its detailed process will describe in detail in the back.If user need utilize old calibrated individualized parameter to do the measurement of blood pressure, then need decision whether to utilize the last measurement parameter or read other measurement parameter 403 by memory element.If only need utilize the last measurement parameter, then can directly enter measurement pattern 405.If need other individualized calibration parameter of reading pre-stored, then program will enter 404, and afterwards, then program enters measurement pattern 405 at parameter Dc, the Mscal of reading pre-stored and Mdcal (on behalf of meaning, its parameter will obtain in the back describing in detail).This pattern can be determined measured's systolic pressure and diastolic pressure by individualized calibration parameter and calibration equation, and its detailed process will describe in detail in the back.Next step is in step 406, by can being output and showing at step 405 measured systolic pressure and diastolic pressure.After determining blood pressure, the pressure value that records will be transmitted to step 407 whether judging normally, if pressure value not in range of normal value, then system can send error message, and shows in 408.Other if desired blood pressure measurement, then step 409 is with repeating step 401,402,403,404,405,406,407 and 408.Below will be elaborated to above-mentioned 2 key steps 402 and 405 (that is, calibration steps and measuring process).
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the inventive method when calibration mode operation.In the present embodiment, it is as follows that it calibrates the parameter and the equation that are utilized.
PT＝(1/Ptt) (c1)
Dc＝PPGpc-PPGfc (c2)
Mscal＝(BPsc-Ksconst)/PT (c3)
Mdcal＝(BPdc-Kdconst)/PT (c4)
Wherein, Ptt is the pulse wave transmission time of being determined by electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal; PT is described as equation (c1), is the inverse in pulse wave transmission time; PPGpc is the time value of the photoplethaysmography signal top point in calibration mode; PPGfc is the time value of the photoplethaysmography signal bottom point in calibration mode; Dc is described as equation (c2), is the time difference (that is the rising edge time of photoplethaysmography signal) of photoplethaysmography signal top point and bottom point in calibration mode; BPsc is the standard systolic pressure of input, and Ksconst is the systolic pressure constant of equation (c3), and its numerical value can be 45; Mscal is the systolic pressure parameter that is calculated according to equation (c3); BPdc is the standard diastolic pressure of input; Ksconst is the diastolic pressure constant of equation (c3), and its numerical value can be 30; Mdcal is the diastolic pressure parameter that is calculated according to equation (c4);
From above-mentioned formula (c1)～(c4) as can be seen, in calibration mode, by the input standard systolic pressure or diastolic pressure and utilize the measured corresponding pulse wave transmission time, just can determine the formula that embodies of blood pressure measurement formula.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, in step 501, blood pressure BPsc and BPdc that user utilizes standard-sphygmomanometer to record by keyboard input, and they are kept in the middle of the memory element.Next step, the function of step 502 is to find out the top point and the bottom point of the top point of electrocardiosignal, photoplethaysmography signal, and got off its corresponding time sheet.Next step, the function of step 503 is to find out pulse wave transmission time Ptt by electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal, and by equation (c1), finds out the PT value.Specifically, by in electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal, selecting reference point respectively, and measure interval between the reference point of the reference point of electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal, just can obtain above-mentioned pulse wave transmission time Ptt.Note, during reference point in choosing electrocardiosignal, can choose point on the R type ripple signal in the electrocardiosignal as with reference to point.In the present embodiment, the reference point of choosing in electrocardiosignal is the peak point of its R type ripple.In addition, during reference point in selective light Power Capacity trace signal, can choose top point or bottom point in the signal.What select reference point in the present embodiment is bottom point in the photoplethaysmography signal.Selection about reference point in the concrete computational process of pulse wave transmission time Ptt and electrocardiosignal and the photoplethaysmography signal can be with reference to L.A.Geddes, M.H.Voelz, C.F.Babbs, J.D.Bourland, and W.A.Tacker, " Pulse Transit Time as an Indicatorof Arterial Blood Pressure ", Psychophysiology, vol.18, no.1, pp.71-4,1981 (L.A.Geddes, M.H.Voelz, C.F.Babbs, " as the pulse transmission time of arteriotony index " of J.D.Bourland and W.A.Tacker, psychophysiology, volume 18, first one, page or leaf 71-4,1981) and Y.C.Chiu, P.W.Arand, S.G.Shroff, T.Feldman, andJ.D.Carroll, " Determination of pulse wave velocities with computerizedalgorithms ", American Heart Journal, vol.121, no.5, pp.1460-70,1991 (Y.C.Chiu, P.W.Arand, S.G.Shroff, " utilizing computerized algorithm to determine the pulse wave propagation velocity " of T.Feldman and J.D.Carroll, american heart magazine, volume 121, the 5th one, page or leaf 1460-70,1991), repeat no more here.Next, the function of step 504 is to find out the rising edge time D c of photoplethaysmography signal, the i.e. time difference of photoplethaysmography signal top point PPGpc and bottom point PPGfc by equation (c2).Next step, whether the sum of determining the pulse wave transmission time in step 505 reaches default value (for example 10 times).Use the single pulse wave transmission time to go to determine that blood pressure has many unstable factors, thereby increased the error of blood pressure measurement.In the described method of the embodiment of the invention, adopted the meansigma methods of 10 pulse wave transmission times and 10 rising edge times.Till step 502,503 and 504 need be repeated until that 10 pulse wave transmission times and 10 rising edge times are detected.Next step, in step 506, the meansigma methods of calculating 10 pulse wave transmission times and 10 rising edge times is to be used as the parameter in the calibration mode.Next step in step 507, by mean P T in calibration mode and Dc value, adds equation (c3) and (c4) to calculate parameter Mscal and Mdcal.Next step, in step 508, individualized parameter Dc, Mscal and Mdcal are saved into memory element, are used for later blood pressure measurement.
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the inventive method when measurement pattern is operated.In the present embodiment, it is as follows to measure the parameter and the equation that are utilized.
Dm＝PPGpm-PPGfm (m1)
Rt＝Dm-Dc (m2)
BPsm＝Mscal*PT+Rt*Rsconst+Ksconst (m3)
BPdm＝Mdcal*PT+Rt*Rdconst+Kdconst (m4)
Wherein, PT is described as equation (c1), is the inverse in pulse wave transmission time; PPGpm is the time value of the photoplethaysmography signal top point in measurement pattern, and PPGfm is the time value of the photoplethaysmography signal bottom point in measurement pattern; Dm is described as equation (m1), is the time difference of photoplethaysmography signal top point and bottom point in measurement pattern, that is, and and the rising edge time of photoplethaysmography signal; Dc is described as aforementioned equation (c2), is the time difference of photoplethaysmography signal top point and bottom point in calibration mode; Rt is described as equation (m2), is the time difference of Dm and Dc.BPsm is a systolic pressure, and Mscal is described as equation (c3), is the systolic pressure parameter of calculating in calibration mode; Rsconst is the temperature-compensating constant of systolic pressure, and its numerical value can be 0.3; Ksconst is the systolic pressure constant at equation (m3), and its numerical value can be 45; BPdm is a diastolic pressure; Mdcal is described as equation (c4), is the diastolic pressure parameter of calculating in calibration mode; Rdconst is the temperature-compensating constant of diastolic pressure, and its numerical value can be 0.03; Kdconst is the diastolic pressure constant at equation (m4), and its numerical value can be 30.
From above-mentioned formula (m1)～(m4) as can be seen, in measurement pattern, by the pulse wave transmission time that will record and temperature compensation factor (Rt) substitution formula (m3) and (m4), just can obtain blood pressure measurement more accurately through temperature-compensating.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 6, the function of step 601 is to find out the top point and the bottom point of the top point of electrocardiosignal, photoplethaysmography signal, and got off its corresponding time sheet.Next step, the function of step 602 is to find out pulse wave transmission time Ptt by electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal, and finds out the PT value by equation (c1).Here, similar with calibration process, by in electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal, selecting reference point respectively, and measure interval between the reference point of the reference point of electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal, just can obtain above-mentioned pulse wave transmission time Ptt.Equally, during reference point in choosing electrocardiosignal, can choose on the R type ripple signal in the electrocardiosignal point as with reference to point.In the present embodiment, the reference point of choosing in electrocardiosignal is the peak point of its R type ripple.In addition, during reference point in selective light Power Capacity trace signal, can choose top point or bottom point in the signal.What select reference point in the present embodiment is bottom point in the photoplethaysmography signal.Equally, the selection about reference point in the concrete computational process of pulse wave transmission time Ptt and electrocardiosignal and the photoplethaysmography signal can repeat no more here with reference to the document of mentioning in the above-mentioned calibration process.Next, the function of step 603 is to find out the rising edge time D m of photoplethaysmography signal, the i.e. time difference of photoplethaysmography signal top point PPGpm and bottom point PPGfm by equation (m1).Next step, whether the sum of determining the pulse wave transmission time in step 604 reaches default value (for example 10 times).Use the single pulse wave transmission time to go to determine blood pressure that many unstable factors are arranged, thereby increased the error of blood pressure measurement.In the described method of the embodiment of the invention, adopted the meansigma methods of 10 pulse wave transmission times and 10 rising edge times.Till step 601,602 and 603 need be repeated until that 10 pulse wave transmission times and 10 rising edge times are detected.Next step, in step 606, the meansigma methods of calculating 10 pulse wave transmission times and 10 rising edge times is as the parameter in the measurement pattern.Next step in step 606, by the average Dc value in the mean P T in measurement pattern and Dm value, the calibration mode and the equation (m2) in the measurement pattern, (m3) and (m4), just can calculate systolic pressure to be measured and diastolic pressure.
It should be noted, though above explanation of the present invention is carried out with reference to its specific embodiment.But those of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that the present invention and is not limited in above-mentioned specific embodiment.For example, though in the above-described embodiments, the measurement of blood pressure is carried out in conjunction with photoplethaysmography signal and electrocardiosignal.But, also can measure blood pressure by a single utilization photoplethaysmography signal.In this case, can adopt method of the present invention to come the photoplethaysmography signal is carried out temperature-compensating equally.In addition, though in the above-described embodiments, being used for the temperature compensation factor that blood pressure measurement carries out temperature-compensating is to calculate rising edge time by for example photoplethaysmography signal.But it also is feasible adopting the further feature parameter of photoplethaysmography signal, signal amplitude in these characteristic parameters such as the photoplethaysmography signal waveform, trailing edge time, first derivative amplitude, second dervative amplitude and frequency domain amplitude and frequency domain phase place etc., corresponding variation all can take place along with variation of temperature in these characteristic parameters.In a word, the spirit and scope of the present invention are defined by incidental claim rather than specific embodiment.
Claims (19)
1. blood pressure measuring method based on the photoplethaysmography signal that adopts temperature-compensating is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) carries out blood pressure measurement when calibration, measuring and recording blood pressure is measured required photoplethaysmography signal and determined the formula that embodies of blood pressure measurement formula according to described signal, also writing down the characteristic parameter of described photoplethaysmography signal itself simultaneously; And
2) when carrying out the actual blood pressure measurement, the described blood pressure measurement formula that the photoplethaysmography signal substitution that the actual blood pressure measurement that records is required is determined by step 1) is to calculate pressure value, utilize the characteristic parameter of described photoplethaysmography signal itself that blood pressure measurement is carried out the temperature-compensating correction simultaneously, thereby obtain accurate blood pressure measurement.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step 1), the characteristic parameter of described photoplethaysmography signal itself comprises following characteristic parameter: a) temporal signatures: comprise signal amplitude, rising edge time and trailing edge time; B) derivative signal feature: comprise first derivative amplitude, second dervative amplitude; And c) frequency domain character: comprise frequency domain amplitude and frequency domain phase place.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in described step 1), the characteristic parameter of described photoplethaysmography signal itself is the rising edge time of signal.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the rising edge time of described photoplethaysmography signal is to obtain by bottom point that calculates the described photoplethaysmography signal in the same heart beat cycle and the interval between the point of top.
5. according to the described method of any one claim in the claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that,
Described step 1) further may further comprise the steps: measure and recording blood pressure is measured required electrocardiosignal, and determine the formula that embodies of blood pressure measurement formula according to described electrocardiosignal and described photoplethaysmography signal;
Described step 2) further may further comprise the steps: carrying out measuring the required electrocardiosignal of blood pressure measurement when actual blood pressure is measured, and the described blood pressure measurement formula that the actual described photoplethaysmography signal that records and electrocardiosignal substitution are determined by step 1) is to calculate pressure value, utilize the characteristic parameter of described photoplethaysmography signal itself that blood pressure measurement is carried out the temperature-compensating correction simultaneously, thereby obtain accurate blood pressure measurement.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described step 1) further comprises utilizes described electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal to determine the step in pulse wave transmission time.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the described pulse wave transmission time is determined by calculating reference point in the described electrocardiosignal and the interval between the reference point in the described photoplethaysmography signal.
8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the reference point in the described electrocardiosignal is the reference point on the R type ripple signal in the electrocardiosignal,
9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the reference point in the described electrocardiosignal is the peak point of R type ripple.
10. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the reference point in the described photoplethaysmography signal is top point or the bottom point in the signal.
11. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the blood pressure measurement formula in the described step 1) is:
Bpsm＝Mscal×PT+Ksconst (1)
Bpdm＝Mdcal×PT+Kdconst (2)
Wherein, Bpsm is a systolic pressure to be measured, and Bpdm is a diastolic pressure to be measured, and PT is the inverse in described pulse wave transmission time, and Mscal is the systolic pressure parameter, and Mdcal is the diastolic pressure parameter, and Ksconst is the systolic pressure constant, and Kdconst is the diastolic pressure constant.
12. method according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, described step 1) further may further comprise the steps: utilize the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure and the described pulse wave transmission time that are recorded by standard-sphygmomanometer, and calculate described systolic pressure parameter and described diastolic pressure parameter, thereby determine the formula that embodies of described blood pressure measurement formula (1) and (2) according to described formula (1) and (2).
13. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described step 2) further comprise and utilize described electrocardiosignal and photoplethaysmography signal to determine the step in pulse wave transmission time.
14. method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, the described pulse wave transmission time is determined by calculating reference point in the described electrocardiosignal and the interval between the reference point in the described photoplethaysmography signal.
15. method according to claim 14 is characterized in that, the reference point in the described electrocardiosignal is the reference point on the R type ripple signal in the electrocardiosignal.
16. method according to claim 15 is characterized in that, the reference point in the described electrocardiosignal is the peak point of R type ripple.
17. method according to claim 14 is characterized in that, the reference point in the described photoplethaysmography signal is top point or the bottom point in the signal.
18. method according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, in described step 2) in, the rising edge time of rising edge time by utilizing the described photoplethaysmography signal of record when actual blood pressure is measured and the described photoplethaysmography signal that when blood pressure measurement is calibrated, writes down, can carry out the temperature-compensating correction to blood pressure measurement, thereby obtain accurately about blood pressure measurement.
19. method according to claim 18 is characterized in that, described step 2) the blood pressure computing formula that contains the temperature-compensating item that adopts is:
Bpsm＝Mscal×PT+Rt×Rsconst+Ksconst (3)
Bpdm＝Mdcal×PT+Rt×Rdconst+Kdconst (4)
Wherein, Bpsm is a systolic pressure to be measured, Bpdm is a diastolic pressure to be measured, PT is the inverse in described pulse wave transmission time, Mscal is the systolic pressure parameter, Mdcal is the diastolic pressure parameter, Ksconst is the systolic pressure constant, Kdconst is the diastolic pressure constant, Rsconst is the temperature-compensating constant of systolic pressure, Rdconst is the temperature-compensating constant of diastolic pressure, and the rising edge time of the rising edge time of the described photoplethaysmography signal of record and the described photoplethaysmography signal that writes down when blood pressure measurement calibrate was poor when Rt then measured for actual blood pressure.
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