CN1571299A - System and method for implementing aeronautical communication based on public mobile communication network - Google Patents
System and method for implementing aeronautical communication based on public mobile communication network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an aviation communication system and method, especially an aviation communication system and method for realizing ground-air and air-air communication based on public mobile communication network. Based on the existing national public mobile communication standard and criterion, it uses signalling channels, data service channels and voice service channels of wireless access networks of telecom operators (including GSM, GPRS, IS-95, CDMA2000, WCDMA, PHS, etc), establishes aircraft-oriented special air base station, special air repeater and partial existing public stations to cover air users in all air domain from horizon to top air, adopting mobile communication terminal meeting national and trade standard or custom terminal to realize ground-air and air-air communication. It can not only effectively solve ground-air and air-air communication in most areas in the land and the areas along the coast but also realize ground-air and air-air two-way data and voice communicating function at lower cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aviation communication system and method, particularly relate to a kind of based on public mobile network network realization ground empty and absolutely empty aviation communication system of communicating by letter and method.
Background technology
When aviation flight, need transmit various information by aviation communication system, for example be used for aircraft control, air traffic control and be used to take photo by plane, information such as observing and controlling and scouting.
At present, carrying out ground when carrying out carrying out absolutely empty communication between earth-space communication and the aircraft with all kinds of aircraft such as aircrafts, a kind of traditional air communications mode is to adopt the private communication facility and the special-purpose frequency range of special development, communicates by letter with absolutely empty according to the predetermined described ground of special communication protocol realization is empty.For example, in General Aviation Flight, adopt the speech radio station, in frequency range work such as HF, VHF, UHF.But, the communication equipment of above-mentioned special use, have as the airborne electronic equipment communication equipment cost an arm and a leg, numerous shortcomings such as volume is big, complicated operation.What is more important, existing private communication facility still do not possess the bidirectional data communication ability mostly, and can't guarantee to realize the Continuous Tracking of low target is measured and control.
Realize at present the usual manner that the low-latitude flying efficient real time monitors is to use radar surveillance and does not adopt the automatic dependent surveillance means of data mode.Radar is deployed near air route and the airport usually.Radar is by launching powerful detection electromagnetic wave and aerial reflected wave being received, and determines data messages such as the three-dimensional position of aircraft and course.Can realize supervision if radar information handled and be transferred to ground Control Centre to aircraft flight.Though the use of Radar Technology can be carried out continuous effective supervision to aircraft, but because acquisition element prices such as radar are extremely expensive, add China's physical features complexity, the large tracts of land that realizes low altitude radar covers very difficulty, and the use of radar means can only solve the problem of supervision, thereby and the ability that can't possess two-way communication is implemented real-time control.Therefore adopt Radar Technology to realize that the air traffic control of aircraft was both uneconomical and can not solve whole issue fully.
Therefore, for General Aviation business such as agricultural flight, powered paraglider, unmanned vehicle observing and controlling, above-mentioned air communications commonly used and supervision means are also inapplicable to them.At present, spatial domain, China low latitude monitors and is not equipped with communication, navigation and radar equipment, and existing air traffic control facility is mainly taked the procedural control mode to the airborne vehicle that flies in the spatial domain, low latitude, just judge the state of flight of aircraft according to the flight plan of formulating, ground navigator's calculating, pilot's air status report and by the actual flying time of area navigation point, and implement control successively at aircraft.Owing to the composition that procedural control is planned is more, flexibility is lower, and is therefore also inapplicable for the low latitude General Aviation of flight situation complexity.In the procedural control process, owing to lack effective intercommunication between air and ground means, so that ground control's platform can't carry out continous-stable to flight condition and follow the tracks of and monitor after aircraft takeoff, can not in time command, can't in time find the danger that aircraft occurs in flight course aircraft.The problems referred to above are used spatial domain, China low latitude and the development of General Aviation cause causes and has a strong impact on and restrict.
In unmanned vehicle observing and controlling, guidance and scouting process, the mode that present stage also uses special-purpose airborne transceiver usually and is equipped with corresponding dedicated ground observing and controlling and communication station on ground realizes the empty bidirectional data communication in ground.This mode mobility is poor, and coverage is little, and cost is higher, and versatility is poor.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of maturation is flexible, cost is low, wide coverage realize the system and method for air communications based on the public mobile network network.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of aviation mobile communications system, and it realizes between the aircraft based on the public mobile network network and the communicating by letter of aircraft and ground control cabinet, and described system comprises:
The base station, be used for by receiving air communications signal from aircraft, obtain the air communications data according to described air communications signal, and described air communications data are processed and displayed to following Control on Communication platform by the public mobile communication link transmission, it also is converted to the air communications signal with the air communications data that following Control on Communication platform comes by the mobile communication link transmission, sends to described aircraft;
Mobile communications network is used to described aviation communication system that described mobile communication exchange and transmission link are provided;
Airborne Terminal, based on mobile communications network and base station, realize between the aircraft and the communicating by letter of aircraft and ground control cabinet, comprising: data communication module, be used for by mobile communication be linked between the aircraft and aircraft and ground control cabinet between realize transfer of data;
The Control on Communication platform is used for receiving up air communications data from described base station by the mobile communication link, and sends descending air communications data to described base station.
Comprise among GSM, GPRS, IS-95, CDMA2000, WCDMA, the PHS any at mobile communications network described in the technique scheme.
Another technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of air communications method, and it realizes between the aircraft based on the public mobile network network and the communicating by letter of aircraft and ground control cabinet, and described method comprises:
Reception is obtained the air communications data from the air communications signal of aircraft according to described air communications signal, and described air communications data are transferred to another aircraft or ground control cabinet outside the described aircraft by communication link; And receive air communications data, and described air communications data are converted to the air communications signal send to aircraft from ground control cabinet.
The present invention is based on existing national public mobile communication standards and norms, utilizes the mobile exchange and the transmission network of telecom operators, and by setting up the special use used towards aircraft to the space base station, and the existing public base station of part and repeater are set up.Employed terminal can be used the mobile communication terminal that meets country and industry standard or adopt custom terminal under the condition that satisfies user's needs.Therefore, remove in case of necessity hereinafter, omitted explanation well-known elements of the prior art.
The present invention is by selecting some suitable topography and geomorphologies on the ground, set up special-purpose up-link base station or repeater, structure meets the special-purpose overlay network of aviation of telecommunication standard, by the terminal that on aircraft, is equipped with, exchange, transfer function and the customer service platform that the core net of utilizing telecom operators or user to build has and drawing connects, and realizes ground sky, absolutely empty data and Speech Communication between aircraft and ground and other aircraft.
A kind of system and method for realizing air communications based on the public mobile network network provided by the invention, have the following advantages: can effectively solve the greater part, land and communicate by letter with absolutely empty with the ground in border on the sea area is empty, under the condition of very low cost, realize ground sky, absolutely empty bi-directional data, Speech Communication function.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the aviation communication system based on the public mobile network network that the present invention proposes, wherein 10 is special-purpose to the space base station, 20 is special-purpose to empty repeater, 30 is public station, 40 is core net, 50 is helicopter, 60 is unmanned plane, 70 is dirigible, 80 is the customer service platform, L1, L2 is special-purpose to the communication link between space base station and the helicopter, L3, L4 is special-purpose to the communication link between space base station and the unmanned plane, L5, L6 is special-purpose to the communication link between empty repeater and the helicopter, L7, L8 is the communication link between public station and the dirigible, L9, L10 is special-purpose to the communication link between space base station and the core net, L11, L12 is the communication link between public station and the core net, L13, L14 is special-purpose to space base station and special-purpose to the communication link between the empty repeater.
Embodiment
Illustrate at first that now described special use is to space base station 10.Described special use realizes by the existing public base station of mobile communication is improved space base station 10, but it has bigger difference with existing base station in the following areas.
Aerial radiation towards
Described antenna of the present invention can adopt existing antenna for base station or dedicated antenna.
Base station in existing public mobile network network, in order to satisfy ground based mobile subscriber proper communication needs, effectively reduce inter-user interference, its directional antenna angle generally is made as downward-sloping, the omnidirectional antenna general radiation is towards also being below horizontal, thereby make antenna form the wave beam that is directed downwards, cover the user in the sector region, reduce interference adjacent sectors.But in the present invention, above-mentioned antenna has been made following improvement.
When using the antenna of common public network base station, can suitably improve the antenna installation height, adjust antenna towards, make electromagnetic beam upwards, the full spatial domain aerial user of covering from level to head space, and suitably improve transmitting power, with the spatial dimension in increase coverage territory as far as possible under the precondition that terrestrial user is not caused electromagnetic interference.
When using dedicated antenna, can adopt omnidirectional antenna or directional antenna, improve antenna gain to greatest extent, cover aerial bigger scope.
2. the base station is provided with
During special use involved in the present invention is provided with the parameter at space base station, mainly be in order to reduce the transmitting power loss, to increase coverage, increase communication distance, therefore can doing following improvement to the parameter at existing public station.
Base station in the existing communication network, in order to form complete mobile communications network, it focuses on cooperating with other sector.But for air communications, because the number of users minimizing, so the expansion of search window width parameter, radiant power improves, and can further improve transmitting power by increasing special high frequency and radio frequency power amplification module where necessary.
In the existing mobile public network, communication base station is set at ground usually, and antenna installation is at the communication cat head, is connected by the special-purpose radio-frequency cable between base station and the antenna, thereby causes certain feeder loss, causes transmitting power loss.
In the present invention, in order expanding the coverage area, to reduce the transmitting power loss, preferably, the base station can be placed cat head, the distance that shortens base station and dual-mode antenna to be reducing feeder loss, and can suitably improve transmitting power.
Describe described special use now in detail to empty repeater 20.
Mobile communication utilizes wireless medium to transmit information.Because electromagnetic loss, each signal of base station intensity reduce gradually with the expansion of coverage, simultaneously because the shadow effect that electromagnetic wave straightline propagation characteristic causes causes the behind of some obstacles such as high mountain, building, the woods blind area to occur.Cover not enoughly in order to remedy among the mobile network base station, reduce system's construction cost, the present invention used special-purpose to empty repeater 20 as the ancillary equipment of described special use to space base station 10, extend the overlay area.
In the present embodiment, described special use has parts such as low noise amplifier, frequency-selector and power amplifier to empty repeater 20, can realize radiofrequency signal relaying amplification and the transmission-receiving function of described special use to space base station 10 and public station 30.The signal power that is received is carried out pure linear amplification, and be transmitted to described special use, finally subsequent treatment work is finished at space base station 10 or public station 30 by described special use to space base station 10 or public station 30.
As from the foregoing, special use enlarges coverage to empty repeater 20, in order to remedy special-purpose deficiency to space base station coverage; Simultaneously, because its structure is special-purpose space base station 10 is simplified a lot, so cost can decline to a great extent.
In addition, need to prove, under conditions permit and extreme low-altitude condition, also can make aircraft be equipped with terminal and directly use wireless coverage facilities such as the public station 30 of public mobile network network or repeater, and needn't set up described special use specially the space base station.
In order to communicate with GCF ground communication facility, the present invention is also in the flight terminal, the helicopter shown in Fig. 1 50 for example, and unmanned plane 60 and dirigible 70 provide Airborne Terminal 2.
Described Airborne Terminal 2 obtains by existing portable terminal is improved.But similar to the space base station with above-mentioned special use, described Airborne Terminal 2 is compared with common portable terminal, and significant variation has taken place on function and structure for it.
At first, the described Airborne Terminal 2 main existing termination function of utilization of realizing are realized functions such as aircraft location, digital vedio recording, short message receiving-transmitting, bidirectional data transfers, wherein the improvement to Airborne Terminal 2 mainly is to strengthen its data-transformation facility and simplify Terminal Design, to reach the purpose that reduces power consumption and improve system reliability.
1. locate
When aircraft is in mobile network's the overlay area, can obtain the location that satellite location data carries out degree of precision by the satellite positioning module of aircraft terminal self configuration.
Under the situation that can not realize satellite fix, the mode (TOA, AOA) that can use many ground stations to cross to measure provides the positioning service of medium accuracy, resolves the position data of aircraft by the location-server on ground.
If above-mentioned two kinds of locate modes all can not be used, can use the positioning service of aircraft being hanged down precision based on ground communication sector of base station ownership RM.
By real-time location, provide primary condition to real-time follow-up and the monitoring that realizes aircraft to aircraft.
2. data double-way transmission
Transfer of data can realize by note and data transmission service.Note is the signaling channel transmission by communication network, and single transfer of data length and transmission speed are subjected to strict restriction, and propagation time delay is bigger.By short message mode, can realize downlink transfer, thereby realize basic supervision and control aircraft to information such as the uplink of some simple instructions of aircraft and location.
Great amount of data transmission realizes by traffic channel transmission, can finish the quick transmission of mass data, as transmitting as the real-time Transmission or the interruption storage of mass data such as the image of taking photo by plane, digital photograph and photography for digital image.Data reach the business platform that is forwarded to the user behind the customer service platform of telecom operators or ground control control centre and handle and use by data traffic channels.
In the prior art, based on Speech Communication.
And be among the present invention, and be auxilliary with Speech Communication based on data communication.Data communication is compared with Speech Communication, because its coded system is different with mechanism for correcting errors, its coverage is obviously enlarged than Speech Communication.But also can use voice channel to carry out Speech Communication in case of necessity.
3. encryption and decryption functions
Described Airborne Terminal also comprises the encryption and decryption module, be used between the aircraft and the data of transmitting between aircraft and the ground control cabinet carry out encryption and decryption.These are different with general mobile communication, handle because conventional mobile communication need not that transmission information is carried out encryption and decryption, and therefore existing portable terminal does not all have encryption and decryption functions.But when some special dimension of native system uses,, can on terminal and user's application data platform, set up the encryption and decryption module that meets industry requirement, realize the encrypted transmission of data for improving the fail safe and the confidentiality of communication.
4. power control
In existing CDMA mobile communication system, portable terminal itself has certain automatic control function of power, to reduce the interference to other users to greatest extent.In the present invention, because it is less to relate to number of users, communicated by letter to the overlength distance of 20 of empty repeaters in space base station 10 or special use with special-purpose for effectively realizing Airborne Terminal 2, can suitably increase the transmitting power of Airborne Terminal 2 within the specific limits, and make its can be when big transmitting power long steady operation.
Do not possess the control function of power mobile communication system for GSM etc., can adopt the method that increases terminal transmit power to realize the overlength distance uplink communication of terminal and base station.
Except that above-mentioned feature, as required, described Airborne Terminal 2 when only carrying out data communication, can not possess parts such as display, loud speaker, dialing button except that physics that must possess transfer of data and logic interfacing, to simplify Terminal Design.
With reference now to Fig. 1 explanation,, how customer service platform 80 utilizes above-mentioned aviation communication system 1 and Airborne Terminal 2 to realize absolutely empty and the empty mobile communication in ground.
When Airborne Terminal 2 be in special-purpose to space base station 10 or special-purpose to the coverage of empty repeater 20 in the time, this terminal is by up link L1, L3, L5 be relevant data information or voice signal, transfers to special-purpose space base station 10 or repeater 20 to be received.Special-purpose empty repeater 20 is sent to the special use that is adjacent to space base station 10 or public station 30 with the data that receive by fibre circuit or frequency microwave circuit L13, then by special use to space base station 10 or public station 30 with data through note or data link and voice service channel L10, arrive customer service platforms 80 by core net 40 and process and display or set up to draw and connect the road, realize location, supervision and bi-directional data and Speech Communication aircraft to each level air traffic control center, Surveillance center and various commanding agency.
Instructions such as control commander to Airborne Terminal 2, can reach special-purpose by link L9 through core net 40 by customer service platform 80 to space base station 10 or public station 30, special-purpose to space base station 10 according to its coverage, can directly pass through down link L2, L4 transfers to Airborne Terminal 2 with instruction, also can at first transfer to special-purpose to empty repeater 20 by fibre circuit or frequency microwave circuit L14, to instruct by it to reach Airborne Terminal 2, realize flight control and commander aircraft by down link L6.
When Airborne Terminal 2, dirigible 70 as shown in fig. 1, when being in extreme low-altitude position, can be by up link L7 with data information transfer to public station 30, by public station data being arrived customer service platforms 80 through note or data link and voice channel L10 by core net 40 then processs and displays or sets up to draw and connect road to the platform of user's special use and handle, when Airborne Terminal 2 is in the coverage at public station 30, instructions such as its control commander also can reach Airborne Terminal 2 with instruction by the down link L8 at public station 30, realize control and commander to aircraft.
When Airborne Terminal 2 will be realized communication between the aircraft, at first an Airborne Terminal is by up link L1, L3, L5 and L7 reach accordingly to empty private base station 10, special-purpose to empty repeater 20 or public station 30, pass through then core net 40 to another user's affiliated special use to space base station 10, special-purpose down link L2 to empty repeater 20 or public station 30, L4, L6 and L8 are sent to another Airborne Terminal.Each air traffic control center, ground, Surveillance center and various commanding agency also can connect the road by drawing of core net and customer service platform 80 and realize absolutely empty communication data is write down and manages.
The present invention can be widely used in dual-use fields such as air traffic control, low-latitude flying supervision, aerial tactical training, unmanned vehicle observing and controlling, aeroplane photography and scouting.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, can under the condition of lower cost, realize location, bi-directional data and the Speech Communication of the various precision of aircraft in land and border on the sea area quickly and easily.
Carrying out tactical reconnaissance and taking photo by plane and during general and police service aviation, the digital photographing equipment or the special-purpose digital photographing equipment that can use terminal to carry, with data mode by the data channel transmission view data.
When unmanned vehicle was carried out observing and controlling, native system can effectively be realized the transmission to unmanned vehicle channeling conduct, monitoring and Information Monitoring in the overlay area.
Although describe the present invention in conjunction with preferred implementation, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred implementation, should be appreciated that, under the guiding of the present invention's design, those skilled in the art can carry out various modifications and improvement, and claims have been summarized scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. aviation communication system, it realizes between the aircraft based on the public mobile network network and the communicating by letter of aircraft and ground control cabinet, described system comprises:
The base station, be used for by receiving air communications signal from aircraft, obtain the air communications data according to described air communications signal, and described air communications data are processed and displayed to following Control on Communication platform by the public mobile communication link transmission, it also is converted to the air communications signal with the air communications data that following Control on Communication platform comes by the mobile communication link transmission, sends to described aircraft;
Mobile communications network is used to described aviation communication system that described mobile communication exchange and transmission link are provided;
Airborne Terminal, based on mobile communications network and base station, realize between the aircraft and the communicating by letter of aircraft and ground control cabinet, comprising: data communication module, be used for by mobile communication be linked between the aircraft and aircraft and ground control cabinet between realize transfer of data;
The Control on Communication platform is used for receiving up air communications data from described base station by the mobile communication link, and sends descending air communications data to described base station.
2. aviation communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said air communications data are two communication datas between the aircraft, and described Control on Communication platform receives the air communications data from an aircraft, and these air communications data are sent to another aircraft.
3. aviation communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said air communications data are the communication datas between aircraft and the ground control cabinet, and described Control on Communication platform receives the air communications data from one or more aircraft, and these air communications data are sent to ground control cabinet, perhaps receive air communications data, and these air communications data are sent to described aircraft from ground control cabinet.
4. aviation communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said base station are special-purpose to space base station, special-purpose to empty repeater or public station, and its search window width parameter is greater than common mobile communication base station, and radiant power is higher than common mobile communication base station.
5. aviation communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said mobile communications network comprises any among GSM, GPRS, IS-95, CDMA2000, WCDMA, the PHS.
6. as claim 2 or 3 described aviation communication systems, wherein said special use is direction upwards to the aerial radiation direction at space base station, so that covers the aerial user in full spatial domain from level to head space.
7. aviation communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said mobile communication link are a kind of in signaling channel, data traffic channels and the voice service channel.
8. aviation communication system according to claim 1, it is used to, and air traffic control, low-latitude flying monitor, a kind of in aerial tactical training, unmanned vehicle observing and controlling, aeroplane photography, General Aviation transfer of data and the aerial reconnaissance.
9. aviation communication system according to claim 1, described Airborne Terminal also comprises the encryption and decryption module, be used between the aircraft and the data of transmitting between aircraft and the ground control cabinet carry out encryption and decryption.
10. air communications method, it realizes between the aircraft based on the public mobile network network and the communicating by letter of aircraft and ground control cabinet, described method comprises:
Reception is obtained the air communications data from the air communications signal of aircraft according to described air communications signal, and described air communications data are transferred to another aircraft or ground control cabinet outside the described aircraft by communication link; And receive air communications data, and described air communications data are converted to the air communications signal send to aircraft from ground control cabinet.
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| CN 200410037628 CN1571299A (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | System and method for implementing aeronautical communication based on public mobile communication network |
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| CN 200410037628 CN1571299A (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | System and method for implementing aeronautical communication based on public mobile communication network |
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