CN1539372A - Method and device for early diagnosis of heart disease basaed on high-frequency waveform of cardiograph - Google Patents

Method and device for early diagnosis of heart disease basaed on high-frequency waveform of cardiograph Download PDF

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CN1539372A
CN1539372A CNA2003101061292A CN200310106129A CN1539372A CN 1539372 A CN1539372 A CN 1539372A CN A2003101061292 A CNA2003101061292 A CN A2003101061292A CN 200310106129 A CN200310106129 A CN 200310106129A CN 1539372 A CN1539372 A CN 1539372A
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heart disease
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宁新宝
徐寅林
黄晓琳
司峻峰
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Nanjing University
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Abstract

A method and equipment based on HF electrocardiowaveforms for diagnosing the early stage of heart disease is disclosed. Said method includes such steps as obtaining HF electrocardiowaveform by use of multi-channel electrocardiac amplifier and 12-bit A/D converter, generating 3D (time-frequency-ampletude) spectrum HFECG by wavelet transform and combination of time domain and frequency domain, extracting the characteristic parameters from said 3D frequency spectrum, forming a m-dimension space by said parameters, and choosing a m-dimension curved surface to divide said space into normal and exception region of heart function.

Description

Method and device based on the heart disease early diagnosis of high frequency electrocardiogram waveform
One. technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and device of the heart disease early diagnosis based on the high frequency electrocardiogram waveform, wherein relate to and adopt wavelet transformation from high frequency ECG (High Frequency Electrocardiogram, HFECG) extract fine feature in, and diagnose the method for differentiation with the neural network classification method, also comprise the circuit that obtains meticulous high frequency electrocardio signal.
Two. background technology
Trickle composition in the high frequency electrocardiogram waveform and many heart diseases comprise that ventricle left and right sides bundle branch block, myocardial ischemia, myocardial damage etc. have substantial connection.The applicant has applied for relevant patents such as high frequency ECG instrument.Normal person's cardiac muscle exists scrambling to a certain degree on form and function, this has caused the existence of these trickle compositions.And in many heart diseases, the scrambling of this transmitting medium of myocardial cell will significantly increase, and these compositions are also significantly increased, and presents characteristic separately.Chinese scholars has confirmed that by time-domain analysis and frequency-domain analysis high frequency ECG is very strong to the sensitivity of disease, has the significance of early diagnosis clinically for many years.
Wavelet transformation (Wavelet transform, WT) be a kind of linear operation, it carries out the decomposition of different scale to signal, the mixed signal that the different frequency of various weave ins is formed can be resolved into the block signal of frequency inequality, can be effectively applied to separate, improve the resolution in time-frequency two territories etc. as signal.It can combine analysis from time-frequency two territories with HFECG, forms (T/F-amplitude) three-dimensional spectrogram, therefrom extracts its characteristic parameter.
Neural network analysis system, with the imitation human brain function, finishing the work of similar human brain, is physiological true human brain neural network's 26S Proteasome Structure and Function, and certain theoretical abstraction, simplification and the simulation of some fundamental characteristics and a kind of information processing system of constituting.From systematic point of view, this artificial neural network is the self-adaptation nonlinear dynamical system that is made of by extremely abundant and perfect connection a large amount of neurons.Owing between the neuron different connecting modes is arranged, so can form the nerve network system of different structure form.Error backpropagation algorithm (BP algorithm) network and adaptive resonance theory algorithm (ART2) network all have good system identification and classification capacity, we come the characteristic parameter that extracts is carried out sort operation by means of these two kinds of artificial neural networks, thereby realize the early diagnosis of heart disease.
Three. summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly obtain the early stage cardiac disease signal and differentiate the method and the device of diagnosis from the high frequency electrocardiogram waveform, carry out the method and the device of heart disease early diagnosis based on the high frequency electrocardiogram waveform, realize the heart disease early diagnosis, its realization is divided into three steps:
Obtain the method and the device of early stage cardiac disease signal from the high frequency electrocardiogram waveform:
1. the acquisition of high frequency ECG.The high frequency electrocardiogram waveform installs by high input impedance, low noise, high cmrr and broadband 12 passage ecg amplifiers by obtaining as lower device; 12 A/D change-over panels; Microsystem and ancillary equipment thereof constitute.
2. adopt wavelet transformation to extract the characteristic parameter that a series of reflection HFECG high frequency compositions enrich degree from the three-dimensional frequency spectrum of the QRS wave group high frequency of 12 lead HFECG (high frequency ECG), they are:
High-end cut-off frequency: the highest frequency of HFECG frequency band range;
Figure A20031010612900051
The number at block signal peak and sloping number sum in the three-dimensional spectrogram: the waveform complexity of describing three-dimensional frequency spectrum;
Summit frequency: describe the frequency that ceiling capacity distributes.
3. artificial neural network is to the classification diagnosis of characteristic parameter
From any one independent characteristic parameter is to can not find the frequency spectrum that definite marginal value is distinguished patient and normal person, these parameters all exist certain relatedness with heart disease, and their combined influences in the space of a m dimension that is made of m characteristic parameter have determined the three-dimensional frequency spectrum character of high frequency of QRS wave group.That is to say that have the curved surface of m dimension, this curved surface is divided into two parts with the space: cardiac function normal and unusual.
Because artificial neural network has good learning capacity and to the capability of fitting of any nonlinear function, we have introduced a feed-forward type network, utilize improved error backpropagation algorithm (BP algorithm) training network, and the ART2 algorithm training network that teacher's refinement match is arranged, well the curved surface of this m dimension of match is distinguished normal and unusual high frequency electrocardiogram characteristic parameter, realizes the early diagnosis of heart disease.
Characteristics of the present invention are: the extraction of the detection of the high frequency electrocardio signal of uniqueness exploitation, advanced wavelet transformation characteristic parameter and the classifying and analyzing method of artificial neural network are organically combined, especially early diagnosis is significant to clinical cardiopathic diagnosis for a plurality of high frequency electrocardiogram characteristic parameter new methods that the match hypersurface is classified in hyperspace, this method is that a new way has been opened up in the further investigation of high frequency ECG, belongs to initiative both at home and abroad.
Four. description of drawings
Fig. 1: 12 passage ecg amplifier block diagrams, wherein Fig. 1 a is the The general frame of ecg amplifier, and Fig. 1 b is the structured flowchart of a channel amplifier, and Fig. 1 c is standard lead and orthogonal lead circuit diagram.
Fig. 2: be the 12 passage ecg amplifier electrical schematic diagrams of Fig. 1 b
Fig. 3: be three-dimensional spectrogram
Fig. 4: be improved error backpropagation algorithm (BP algorithm) network structure
Fig. 5: be the ART2 algorithm network structure of refinement match that the teacher is arranged
System hardware comprises three parts: high-performance 12 passage ecg amplifiers (comprising that 12 lead and 3 lead systems); 12 A/D change-over panels; Microsystem and ancillary equipment thereof.Its structured flowchart as shown in Figure 1.
The apparatus features of the acquisition of high frequency ECG is: comprise that low noise broadband, high input impedance, high cmrr ecg amplifier constitute, its design is one of biomedical electronics research topic, is the important step of ecg information being carried out data acquisition and processing.Among the present invention: shown in Figure 2, the amplifier of each passage is to be made of high performance integral measuring amplifier U3 (AD620), and its performance can meet design requirement.The circuit structure of 12 channel amplifiers is identical, the performance basically identical.Integral measuring amplifier AD620 provides main voltage gain (500 times) and common mode rejection ratio (more than the 90dB).(with U12, U15A, three operational amplifiers of U15B is core for baseline stability and automatic reset circuit, the peripheral components that adds them is formed) be an integral form feedback network, for the signal that is lower than its cut-off frequency, this circuit forces to make difference amplifier to be output as zero, reaches the purpose of baseline stability.This circuit has does not influence the difference amplifier common mode rejection ratio, need not install advantages such as capacitance before difference amplifier additional.Its effect that automatically resets is when the difference amplifier output voltage amplitude exceeds outside the window setting value, forces to make difference amplifier outfan baseline to be reset to zero rapidly.The linear light buffer circuit has the favorable linearity transmission characteristic by the offset-type linear signal isolation transmitter that two the approximately uniform photo-coupler U6 of characteristic, U7 (TIL117) and operational amplifier U5B, U8B (LF353) form.12 passage ecg amplifier lead systems constitute and to be different from three-path amplifier, more are different from the single channel amplifier, its require to connect simultaneously at every turn standard lead 12 road signals (be I, II, III, aVR, aVL, aVF, V 1, V 2, V 3, V 4, V 5, V 6), (X, Y Z), connect three road signals that frank leads (X ', Y ', Z ') to switch three road signals connect orthogonal lead simultaneously by electrical switch.
Electrocardiosignal is an analogue signal, and must convert digital signal to could be handled by computer acquisition.If the high fdrequency component of electrocardiosignal 10 μ v, the equivalent input noise of amplifier is 3 μ v, and when amplification 1000, then Shu Chu high fdrequency component is 10mv, and noise is 3mv, and signal to noise ratio is 3.3.Da Xiao signal to noise ratio as long as the figure place of A/D is enough big, is the high fdrequency component in the electrocardiosignal more accurately can be changed into digital quantity like this.It is 12 A/D change-over panels of 5v that the design adopts reference voltage, and its resolution is 5v/ (2 12-1)=and 1.22mv, promptly can both be collected greater than the voltage of 1.22mv.This A/D change-over panel has 16 analog input channels,-5~+ the bipolar input of 5V, interruption of work mode, the highest sample frequency are 100KHz (being μ s conversion times 10), can satisfy 12 channel sample (the every passage 5KHz) designing requirement that sample frequency is up to 60K.
The used microcomputer of system is the III that runs quickly, the 128MB internal memory, and the 20GB hard disk, maximum clock frequency 733MHz is furnished with high-resolution (1024 * 768) colour video display unit that the SVGA card is supported, CD-ROM drive (50 speed) and laser printer.Be characterized in that the speed of service is fast, the analyzing and processing ability is strong.
Systems soft ware comprises two parts: wavelet transformation high frequency ECG characteristic parameter extraction algorithm and neural network classification algorithm.
As shown in Figure 3, utilize wavelet transformation that time-frequency two territories are combined analysis, form the three-dimensional spectrogram of HFECG (T/F-amplitude).From the three-dimensional spectrogram of the QRS wave group high frequency of 12 lead HFECG, extract the characteristic parameter that a series of HFECG of reflection high frequency compositions enrich degree again.
BP algorithm neural network structure as shown in Figure 4.Can prove, trilaminar BP network can match nonlinear function arbitrarily, for not increasing the complexity of network, we just determine that the network hidden layer is one deck.The neuron number N of the input layer of network is determined by the number of the characteristic parameter that we will study.We have selected seven characteristic parameters altogether, and input layer just needs seven like this.The selection of hidden neuron number M is according to empirical equation
P < &Sigma; i = 0 N C M i - - - - - ( C M i = 0 , i > M )
Wherein P is the number of samples in training storehouse.Formula (1) has illustrated that the hidden neuron number is relevant with the number of samples of training, its essence is that the complexity of non-linear relation of the equal calcaneus rete network of M and P match is relevant.System is complicated more, and the number of samples in required hidden neuron number and training storehouse is all many more.Through experimental debugging, find to get M=5, the diagnosis height during P ≈ 32 after network training converges faster and the training, fitting effect is better.The kind number decision that the output layer neuron number K of network need be classified by us.Because we only study healthy people and coronary disease patient's difference now, and specifically do not study the difference of various concrete diseases, so selected output neuron is one, 0 and 1 of its output valve is represented healthy and ill respectively.
ART2 neural network is actually the distance of meeting according to the analog quantity input pattern in model space classifies, and we utilize it that the high frequency ECG characteristic is classified.With the input unit of these characteristics as ART2 neural network, we find: the characteristic of many tested objects is after ART2 neural network is handled, and its output is juxtaposition.Be that the different pattern vector that their high frequency ECG characteristic of healthy people and cardiac constitutes intermeshes in the space, they are not separable two classes of simple linear just in model space.In order to solve this classification problem, we transform ART2 neural network, revise.Proposed a kind of new, fitting method after the first refinement.New ART2 neural network structure as shown in Figure 5, this structure has increased preprocessor, adapter and F3 mapper on original ART2 neural network basis.This neutral net also needs earlier through network structure and subclass are determined in the study of master sample, and when working then unknown input pattern being made comparisons with the subclass that has produced obtains classification results.
Example: following table is 4 cases of certain hospital, obtains 7 characteristic parameters from their HFECG, and
Use neural network classification, diagnostic result and practical situation meet fully.
Name High-end cut-off frequency Ratio W1 Ratio W2 Ratio W3 Absolute value P Slope number+peak number The summit frequency Diagnostic result
Du * * ??310 ?0.806 ?0.230 ?1.032 ?3.713 ??35 ??135 Unusually
Lee * ??165 ?0.430 ?0.104 ?0.641 ?7.723 ??16 ??120 Unusually
Bears * * ??245 ?0.900 ?0.267 ?0.892 ?4.168 ??27 ??190 Normally
Zhu * ??215 ?0.640 ?0.170 ?0.659 ?4.458 ??22 ??130 Normally

Claims (4)

1, based on the method for the heart disease early diagnosis of high frequency electrocardiogram waveform: by high input impedance, low noise, high cmrr and wideband multi-channel ecg amplifier; 12 A/D change-over panels obtain the high frequency electrocardiogram waveform; Employing utilizes wavelet transformation that time-frequency two territories are combined analysis, forms the three-dimensional spectrogram of HFECG (time-frequency-amplitude); Extract the characteristic parameter that a series of HFECG of reflection high frequency compositions enrich degree again from the three-dimensional spectrogram of the QRS wave group high frequency of 12 lead HFECG, they are:
High-end cut-off frequency: the highest frequency of describing HFECG (time-frequency-amplitude) frequency band range;
Figure A2003101061290002C1
The number at block signal peak and sloping number sum in the three-dimensional spectrogram: the waveform complexity of describing three-dimensional frequency spectrum;
Summit frequency: describe the frequency that ceiling capacity distributes;
Above-mentioned characteristic parameter is carried out the classification diagnosis of artificial neural network:
Combined influence has determined the three-dimensional frequency spectrum character of high frequency of QRS wave group in the space of the m dimension that their are made of m characteristic parameter at, has the curved surface of a m dimension, and this curved surface is divided into two parts with the space: cardiac function normal and unusually;
Determine in the BP network that the network hidden layer is one deck; The neuron number N of the input layer of network has selected seven characteristic parameters altogether by the number of above-mentioned characteristic parameter, and input layer just needs seven like this; The selection of hidden neuron number M is according to empirical equation
P < &Sigma; i = 0 N C M i - - - ( C M i = 0 , i > M )
Wherein P is the number of samples in training storehouse, and the hidden neuron number is relevant with the number of samples of training, and M is relevant with the complexity of the non-linear relation of the equal calcaneus rete network of P match in the formula; The output layer neuron number K of network is by the kind number decision of needs classification, and selected output neuron is one, and 0 and 1 of its output valve is represented healthy and ill respectively.
2, by the method for the described heart disease early diagnosis based on the high frequency electrocardiogram waveform of claim 1, it is characterized in that hidden layer is one deck in the BP network, and get M=5, P ≈ 32.
3, by the method for the described heart disease early diagnosis based on the high frequency electrocardiogram waveform of claim 1, it is characterized in that the different pattern vector that constitutes for their high frequency ECG characteristic of difference healthy people and cardiac intermeshes in the space in ART2 neural network, therefore will transform, revise, with fitting method after the first refinement; This structure has increased preprocessor, adapter and F3 mapper on original ART2 neural network basis; This neutral net is earlier through determining network structure and subclass to the study of master sample, and when working then unknown input pattern being made comparisons with the subclass that has produced obtains classification results.
4, based on the device of the heart disease early diagnosis of high frequency electrocardiogram waveform, the amplifier that it is characterized in that each passage is to be made of high performance integral measuring amplifier AD620.Baseline stability circuit, automatic reset circuit are integral form feedback networks, and for the signal that is lower than its cut-off frequency, this circuit forces to make difference amplifier to be output as zero, reaches the purpose of baseline stability.
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101785670A (en) * 2009-01-22 2010-07-28 陈跃军 Intelligent blurry electrocardiogram on-line analyzer system
CN101843480B (en) * 2009-03-27 2013-04-24 华为技术有限公司 Device for processing bioelectrical signals
CN104133999A (en) * 2014-07-29 2014-11-05 上海交通大学 Remote medical information service system for diseases of digestive tract
CN104398252A (en) * 2014-11-05 2015-03-11 深圳先进技术研究院 Electrocardiogram signal processing method and device
CN108471942A (en) * 2015-09-30 2018-08-31 心测实验室公司 Quantitative cardiac is tested
CN108968951A (en) * 2018-08-15 2018-12-11 武汉中旗生物医疗电子有限公司 Electrocardiogram detecting method, apparatus and system
CN109846471A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-06-07 郑州大学 A kind of myocardial infarction detection method based on BiGRU deep neural network
CN110495878A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-26 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Disease forecasting method, apparatus and electronic equipment based on ECG
CN110584652A (en) * 2019-10-09 2019-12-20 浙江工业大学 Electrocardio scatter diagram three-dimensional image enhancement method
CN111772626A (en) * 2020-07-06 2020-10-16 华中科技大学 Electrocardiogram recording module based on big data algorithm
CN113712569A (en) * 2021-11-01 2021-11-30 毕胜普生物科技有限公司 High-frequency QRS wave group data analysis method and device

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101785670A (en) * 2009-01-22 2010-07-28 陈跃军 Intelligent blurry electrocardiogram on-line analyzer system
CN101843480B (en) * 2009-03-27 2013-04-24 华为技术有限公司 Device for processing bioelectrical signals
CN104133999A (en) * 2014-07-29 2014-11-05 上海交通大学 Remote medical information service system for diseases of digestive tract
CN104398252A (en) * 2014-11-05 2015-03-11 深圳先进技术研究院 Electrocardiogram signal processing method and device
CN108471942A (en) * 2015-09-30 2018-08-31 心测实验室公司 Quantitative cardiac is tested
US11445968B2 (en) 2015-09-30 2022-09-20 Heart Test Laboratories, Inc. Quantitative heart testing
CN108968951B (en) * 2018-08-15 2021-06-22 武汉中旗生物医疗电子有限公司 Electrocardiogram detection method, device and system
CN108968951A (en) * 2018-08-15 2018-12-11 武汉中旗生物医疗电子有限公司 Electrocardiogram detecting method, apparatus and system
CN109846471A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-06-07 郑州大学 A kind of myocardial infarction detection method based on BiGRU deep neural network
CN110495878A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-26 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Disease forecasting method, apparatus and electronic equipment based on ECG
CN110584652A (en) * 2019-10-09 2019-12-20 浙江工业大学 Electrocardio scatter diagram three-dimensional image enhancement method
CN110584652B (en) * 2019-10-09 2022-05-03 浙江工业大学 Electrocardio scatter diagram three-dimensional image enhancement method
CN111772626A (en) * 2020-07-06 2020-10-16 华中科技大学 Electrocardiogram recording module based on big data algorithm
CN113712569A (en) * 2021-11-01 2021-11-30 毕胜普生物科技有限公司 High-frequency QRS wave group data analysis method and device
CN113712569B (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-02-08 毕胜普生物科技有限公司 High-frequency QRS wave group data analysis method and device

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