CN1457530A - Parasitic antenna element and wireless communication device incorporating the same - Google Patents
Parasitic antenna element and wireless communication device incorporating the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN1457530A CN1457530A CN02800490A CN02800490A CN1457530A CN 1457530 A CN1457530 A CN 1457530A CN 02800490 A CN02800490 A CN 02800490A CN 02800490 A CN02800490 A CN 02800490A CN 1457530 A CN1457530 A CN 1457530A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
- H01Q1/2225—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in active tags, i.e. provided with its own power source or in passive tags, i.e. deriving power from RF signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/2258—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used with computer equipment
- H01Q1/2275—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used with computer equipment associated to expansion card or bus, e.g. in PCMCIA, PC cards, Wireless USB
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
- H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/005—Patch antenna using one or more coplanar parasitic elements
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
A parasitic antenna element (115) is used with a wireless communication device (100) that includes a housing (501), communication circuitry (103-109), and a first antenna element (117) for intercepting electromagnetic energy and further for coupling electromagnetic energy intercepted by the parasitic antenna element (115) to the communication circuitry (103-109). The parasitic antenna element (115) includes a dielectric substrate (201); and a conductive pattern (202-210) disposed on a surface (805, 905, 1005) of the dielectric substrate (201), whereby when the dielectric substrate (201) is attached to the housing (501) in close proximity to the internal antenna element (117), electromagnetic energy is coupled between the internal antenna element (117) and the conductive pattern (202-210).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to the antenna that uses with Wireless Telecom Equipment.The invention particularly relates to as the part in the Wireless Telecom Equipment, to promote the passive antenna (parasitic antenna) of Wireless Telecom Equipment internal antenna system performance.
Technical background
Wireless communication system is known, and it comprises dissimilar systems, for example cell phone system, paging system, bilateral radio system, PCS Personal Communications System, PAN (Personal Area Network), data system and their various combination.We know, such wireless communication system comprise an infrastructure systems and formation and by planning operation in intrasystem Wireless Telecom Equipment separately.The foundation structure of system comprises fixed communication device, for example transceiver base station system controller, switch, router, communication link, antenna tower and other different known infrastructure components.Wireless Telecom Equipment comprises an antenna system and other known element, for example transmitter, receiver, processor, internal memory, user interface and user's control.
In typical case, many Wireless Telecom Equipments all comprise helical antenna regular length or telescopic, for example two way radio and cell phone.Because their orientation is very effective in free space in running, the typical feature of this antenna is that efficient is very high.Yet the antenna system in other Wireless Telecom Equipment is not so effectively usually.For example, a lot of palmtop PCs and PDA (personal digital assistant) comprise PCMCIA (PCMCIA (personal computer memory card international association)) slot that at least one is used to expand the function of computer or PDA.Wireless communications carriers and PDA and Hand Personal Computer manufacturer are devoted to be equipped with radio communication circuit and antenna jointly on such card, so that Hand Personal Computer and PDA can carry out radio communication.Owing to different reasons aesthstic and ergonomics, the characteristics of the antenna on the pcmcia card are must be arranged in the PCMCIA slot, and can not give prominence to from slot.In addition, on the PCMCIA slot of many PDA door is arranged all, after extracting from slot after the insertion or with pcmcia card, slot is hidden.The high likelihood that slit that antenna is narrow and small and antenna are in the enclosed environment has proposed strict requirement to the selection of the antenna that is used for pcmcia card.No matter what select is electricity (E) antenna or magnetic (M) antenna, the PCMCIA slot environment of placing antenna greatly reduces the efficient of antenna.
Except use the computer and the PDA of radio-circuit and antenna on built-in pcmcia card, some other communication equipments also use inside antenna, for example beep-pager.Such inside antenna provides gratifying equipment aesthetics (promptly can't see exterior antenna); Yet, as known to, the efficient of such inside antenna is usually than the exterior antenna in free space is much lower accordingly.For the efficient that overcomes inside antenna reduces and keeps its aesthstic advantage, studied a kind of radio frequency (RF) field intensity booster that comprises an external antenna element, to improve the efficient of beep-pager inside antenna.In U.S. Patent No. 5,050, introduced this RF field intensity booster in 236, exercise question is radio frequency (RF) field intensity booster, this patent is awarded people such as Colman, and is authorized to agent of the present invention.The external antenna element of RF field intensity booster comprise one with a discrete inductance that tunable capacitor is in parallel.Electric capacity and inductance are on the carrier attached to beep-pager.When beep-pager is inserted into is in the carrier time, and the position of external antenna element and the inside antenna of beep-pager are very approaching, has therefore strengthened the efficient of entire antenna system.Compare with the inside antenna efficient of independent Wireless Telecom Equipment, although RF field intensity booster has strengthened the efficient of antenna system really, it is to carry the enhancing that device could obtain antenna performance that RF field intensity booster need be put into Wireless Telecom Equipment one.Therefore, be equipment outside the carrier, the cell phone of in communication process, handing for example, the perhaps PDA that operating of user, the enhancing that can't obtain antenna efficiency by the user.Further, external antenna element contains an adjustable resistance, in efficiency limitations, among others to a frequency range that is rather narrow that strengthens, and therefore need be according to the expectation operating frequency manual adjustments RF field intensity booster that wireless communication system was coupled.
Therefore, have the needs to a kind of parasitic antenna element, it can improve the radio frequency efficiency and/or the gain of the internal antenna system of Wireless Telecom Equipment, and need not to regulate parasitic antenna element for good and all attached on the communication equipment in quite wide frequency range.
Brief Description Of Drawings
Fig. 1 comprises an electronic block diagram according to the Wireless Telecom Equipment example of parasitic antenna element of the present invention.
Fig. 2 forms the conductive trace model structure chart of parasitic antenna element according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is for forming the conductive trace model structure chart of parasitic antenna element in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 forms the conductive trace model structure chart of parasitic antenna element in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the perspective view of Wireless Telecom Equipment, comprising the parasitic antenna element according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention and another embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the perspective view of Wireless Telecom Equipment, comprising parasitic antenna element in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is presentation graphs 5 and 6 parasitic antenna element of describing and the schematic diagram of inside antenna.
Fig. 8 is the perspective view of the parasitic antenna element that can adhere in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the perspective view of the parasitic antenna element that can adhere to according to an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 10 is the perspective view of the parasitic antenna element that can adhere in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the exemplary plot of the normalization antenna efficiency corresponding with frequency, respectively with an independent intercom set antenna and comprise inside antenna and corresponding according to the antenna system of parasitic antenna element of the present invention.
Figure 12 is for forming the conductive trace model structure chart of the multi-frequency parasitic antenna element of an optional embodiment according to the present invention.
Figure 13,14,15 and 16 is for forming the conductive trace model structure chart of the parasitic antenna element of optional embodiment according to the present invention.
Preferred embodiment describes in detail
Generally speaking, present invention includes a parasitic antenna element and a Wireless Telecom Equipment that comprises parasitic antenna element.Parasitic antenna element comprises a dielectric substrate such as polyester film or Merlon, and the conduction mode of having arranged at least one conductive trace on the insulation lining is low.Conduction mode preferably distributes in the plane, and forms an independent electromagnetic circuit, is formed for producing the distributed capacitance of parasitic antenna element resonance frequency by overlapping parallel end.Parasitic antenna element is preferably attached on the shell of Wireless Telecom Equipment, perhaps on the very close radio-based electronic devices of other and inside antenna or inside antenna element, perhaps on other coupling element of Wireless Telecom Equipment, make electromagnetic energy between inside antenna element and parasitic antenna element, obtain coupling, thereby make when not having such parasitic antenna element antenna system gain with/or efficient compare, equipment gain and the efficient of entire antenna system on the bandwidth of operation of equipment is enhanced.
By constructing above-described parasitic antenna element, the present invention proposes the parasitic antenna element of easily adhering to that a kind of electromagnetic energy that communication line in the Wireless Telecom Equipment is received or sends is coupled.Parasitic antenna element is used to strengthen the efficient and the gain of antenna system, the communication system that particularly comprises an inside antenna element, because the restriction or the inside antenna of inside antenna size are positioned in the slot (for example, the PCMCIA slot), cause antenna system inefficiency relatively.And, different with the antenna efficiency enhancing equipment of prior art, parasitic antenna element of the present invention can be attached on the Wireless Telecom Equipment and need not independent loader (carrying case), and the distributed capacitance of the formation parasitic antenna element resonance frequency by wherein provides fixing tuning, the broadband that strengthens.
Can be by obtain more deep understanding with reference to figure 1-16 to the present invention, wherein identical Reference numeral is represented components identical.Fig. 1 has illustrated according to the electronic block diagram of demonstration Wireless Telecom Equipment of the present invention.Comprise in the Wireless Telecom Equipment 100 that antenna system, receiver 103, processor 105, memory 106, display 107 or other user interface (for example, loud speaker) and a user who comprises parasitic antenna element 115 and be hereinafter referred to as the inside antenna of inside antenna element 117 controls 109.If need have the way traffic ability, communication equipment 100 further will comprise receiver 111, if desired, under the half-or full-duplex state, also will comprise duplexer 113 or duplexer 113 respectively.Communication equipment 100 can comprise two-way moving or portable radio, radio telephone, unidirectional or bidirection pager, wireless data terminal (for example palmtop PC, PDA(Personal Digital Assistant) perhaps comprise the kneetop computer of the pcmcia card that is used for radio communication) or their combination in any.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, receiver 103 is conventional frequency modulation (FM) receivers, be used for receiving electromagnetic energy (being wireless signal) from antenna system 100 by the duplexer/duplexer 113 that uses, and be used for the signal that down converted and demodulate reception arrive, to provide base-band information to processor 105.Comprise the element of knowing in the receiver, for example filter, frequency mixer, small signal amplifier, demodulator, and the communication protocol of using in the system according to communication equipment 100 operations to signal receive, frequency reducing and necessary other well known elements of demodulation.If used transmitter, it is also known for people and comprises filter, frequency mixer, modulator, large signal amplifier, and produces radio frequency or the required well known elements of propagating with form of electromagnetic from antenna system 101, carry information of microwave signal.
Processor 105 comprises one or more microprocessors and one or more digital signal processor.Memory 106 is connected with processor 105, preferably includes a read-only memory (ROM), a random asccess memory (RAM), a programming ROM (PROM) and an electricallyerasable ROM (EEROM) (EEPROM).Preferably including a plurality of storage areas in the memory 106 is used for storing the information that receives that the user of the computer program that processor 105 carries out, one or more addresses of distributing to Wireless Telecom Equipment 100, Wireless Telecom Equipment 100 obtained afterwards in other affairs.Computer program preferably deposits ROM or PROM in, instructs the operation of processor control Wireless Telecom Equipment 100.One or more addresses of Wireless Telecom Equipment 100 preferably deposit EEPROM in.The information that receives that is used for obtaining again afterwards preferably deposits RAM in.
Processor 105 preferably can be by warning device (not shown) for example conventional vibration or audio alarm machine-processed reception or storage with program information in the user notification device of Wireless Telecom Equipment 100.In case the user receives the report for police service, the user can control 109 by the user and call available function, checks stored information, can also make response if need.The user controls 109 and preferably includes one or more different known input equipments, for example one or more independent switches, keypad, touch pads or touch-screen.
Perhaps the user is controlled 109 information of sending and respond, the perhaps customizing messages that transmits of automatic reception receiver 103, processor 105 imports display 107 with applicable stored information or the information that receives.By LCDs (LCD) or other visible display mode of routine, perhaps by conventional audio frequency apparatus (for example loud speaker) back sound information, display 107 provides selected information to the user.In addition, processor 105 can also notify display to provide at least one visible indication (for example an icon or follow the periodically icon of sound) to be deposited in memory 106 to notify the up-to-date information that receives of user from the user of trend Wireless Telecom Equipment 100.
The novel part of Wireless Telecom Equipment 100 is, has used antenna system 101, has wherein increased parasitic antenna element 115 on the basis of inside antenna element 117.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inside antenna element comprises an electromagnetic circuit antenna that places on the pcmcia card, and this card has inserted in Wireless Telecom Equipment 100 shells in the slot.The characteristics of such electromagnetic circuit antenna are to contain discrete electric capacity (discretecapacitor) (not shown) that disposes according to known technique to form the resonance frequency of inside antenna element 117.The use of discrete electric capacity has limited the bandwidth of inside antenna element 117.The effect of inside antenna element 117 is to be coupling in the electromagnetic energy that obtains between parasitic antenna element 115 and the inside antenna element 117.
Except that parasitic antenna element 115, whole elements of the Wireless Telecom Equipment 100 that calcspar is described among Fig. 1 all are positioned in the shell of Wireless Telecom Equipment 100.Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 have described the perspective view of the example of shell 501, and the diverse location of parasitic antenna element 115 on shell 501 according to the present invention.
Because the characteristics of the area that position within shell and PCMCIA slot slit are narrow and small (for example typical 160mm
2), the slit can be by door 505 sealings of shell shown in Figure 5 501, and inside antenna element 117 is the receiver/radiators that efficient is quite low, especially when frequency is lower than 1GHZ.In order to improve radiation efficiency (antenna gain preferably, wherein antenna gain (G) equals efficient (e) and takes advantage of directivity (D)), Wireless Telecom Equipment 100 of the present invention comprises position and inside antenna element 117 very near the parasitic antenna element 115 of (for example, in the near field range of inside antenna 117 or be close to inside antenna 117).The near field range of antenna is known notion, and the operating frequency that is included in antenna departs from antenna usually less than the radius distance of 1/2 wavelength.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the resonance frequency of parasitic antenna element 115 is higher slightly than the resonance frequency of inside antenna element 117.For example, when the operating frequency range of Wireless Telecom Equipment 100 expectation when 700 megahertzes (MHz) are between 1000MHz, as an example, the resonance frequency of parasitic antenna element 115 will be 1050MHz, and the resonance frequency of inside antenna element 117 arrives between the operating frequency range of 1000MHz adjustable at 700MHz.Although the resonance frequency of parasitic antenna element 115 cans be compared to most the only higher slightly of inside antenna element 117, the efficient performance that can obtain to improve for the parasitic antenna element resonance frequency big or more equal than the resonance frequency of inside antenna element 117.In addition, for the enhancing efficient that obtains the broadband (for example, when 850MHz, surpass 35% bandwidth), the structure of parasitic antenna element 115 preferably includes distributed capacitance, compare with the Q of inside antenna element 117 with the resonance frequency that forms it and the Q that keeps it relatively low, particularly when inside antenna element 117 is the typical electromagnetic circuit antenna that is positioned on the pcmcia card.
Fig. 2-4 has described the different embodiment of the conduction mode that is used to form parasitic antenna element 115, and parasitic antenna element is used for being coupled with inside antenna element according to the present invention.Other embodiment will describe in detail below.At first referring to Fig. 2, parasitic antenna element 115 comprises the conduction mode that single electromagnetic circuit that the conductive trace 202,204,206,208 and 210 by many adjacency is arranged in forms.In the embodiment that Fig. 2 describes, trace 202 traces 210 have formed the initial trace and the terminal trace of single electromagnetic circuit respectively, and are fully parallel each other and separate with predetermined distance 212.Be understandable that part overlapping between trace 202 and the trace 210 forms a distributed capacitance that is used to form the resonance frequency of parasitic antenna element 115.The capacity of distributed capacitance can be by space that provides between the quantity of lap and trace 202 and the trace 210 and the method control of knowing according to those of ordinary skills.Thickness and dielectric constant that conductive trace 202,204,206,208 and 210 width and length depend on insulating substrate material 201, and the bandwidth of input impedance, resonance frequency and parasitic antenna element 115 of expectation, place trace 202,204,206,208,210 in the described insulating substrate material 201 or be attached with combination on the shell that insulating substrate material 201 adheres to.
If by the distributed capacitance that uses parallel adjacent traces 202 and 210 shown in Figure 2 to obtain, it is satisfactory with respect to the operation of bandwidth in very wide bandwidth of Wireless Telecom Equipment 100 receptions and the information of transmission to make that parasitic antenna element reaches in the bandwidth with respect to inside antenna element 117.For example, form as the description of Fig. 2, resonance frequency is that the parasitic antenna element of 1000MHz can strengthen for the gain that typical pcmcia card antenna be provided at 5 decibels (db) in the 115MHz bandwidth.Consider that the information that typical communication channel comprises only sends and receives in the bandwidth of 25kHz, parasitic antenna element 115 can be used together with a plurality of different narrowband wireless communication equipment, strengthening the efficient and the gain of narrowband wireless communication equipment, and need not each narrowband wireless communication equipment is readjusted the resonance frequency of parasitic antenna element 115.
Can't obtain to form under the situation of the enough electric capacity of wishing that resonance frequency is required at the embodiment that uses Fig. 2 to describe, can construct parasitic antenna element 115 with conduction mode shown in Figure 3.Be similar to the embodiment of Fig. 2, comprise the trace 302,304 and 306 and 308,310 and 312 of a plurality of adjacency in the conduction mode of Fig. 3, on dielectric substrate 201, arrange and form an independent electromagnetic circuit.Yet, the pattern of describing with Fig. 2 is different, the pattern that Fig. 3 describes comprises two or more distributed capacitance that formed by two or more sets parallel traces (for example, parallel trace 302 and trace 312 form an electric capacity, and parallel trace 306 and trace 308 form another electric capacity).Electromagnetic circuit be continuously by parallel trace 302 and 312 and parallel trace 306 and 308 between electromagnetic energy carry out the capacitive coupling and realize.Distance 314 between parallel traces and 316 forms the capacitance of each distributed capacitance.Be understandable that according to the desired capacitance of electromagnetic circuit resonance, the size of distance 314 and 316 can be the same or different.Two distributed points are held electric in parallelly in the pattern of Fig. 3, therefore compare the capacitance that the increase capacity can be provided with the pattern of Fig. 2.Therefore, the pattern of Fig. 3 is particularly useful when hanging down antenna resonant frequency.
Fig. 4 has also described the another kind of conduction mode of parasitic antenna element 115.This pattern is particularly useful when the two waveband operation that is used for passive antenna.This pattern comprises two capacitively coupled tuning stubs (tuning stub), tuning stub 402 with the effect of tuning stub 404 is, forms second resonance frequency of parasitic antenna element 115 on the high frequency of the resonance frequency of parasitic antenna element 115 when not comprising tuning stub.Thereby tuning stub has reduced the size of electromagnetic circuit effectively, and has reduced capacitive reactances between the tuning stub frequency (second resonance frequency) when very little coefficient of self-inductance in the electromagnetic circuit down.Second resonance frequency of parasitic capacitance according to expectation determined the distance of separating between tuning stub according to known technology, and the length that is used to produce capacitively coupled stub 402 and stub 406 laps.
As previously mentioned, Fig. 5 and 6 has illustrated to comprise the perspective view according to the Wireless Telecom Equipment example of the parasitic capacitance 115 of different embodiments of the invention.At first referring to Fig. 5, described the example 500 of a Wireless Telecom Equipment, comprised the shell 501 that has door 505, door has hidden the slot that can insert wireless pcmcia card.Wireless pcmcia card can comprise a printed circuit board (PCB) 503 that adheres to inside antenna element 117.Also comprise the circuit that Fig. 1 describes in the Wireless Telecom Equipment 500, although this circuit is not shown in Figure 5.The circuit of Fig. 1 can wholely place on the printed circuit board (PCB) 503, but be more preferably a part (for example is positioned over printed circuit board (PCB) 503, a part and the memory 106 of inside antenna element 117, duplexer/duplexer 113 (if use), receiver 103, transmitter 111 (if use) and processor 105), part is positioned on eternal one or more other circuit board (not shown) attached to shell 501 inner faces.
When parasitic antenna element 115 according to introduce previously be adhered on the shell time, it will be appreciated that the characteristics of shell 501 are to comprise the groove that can settle parasitic antenna element 115.Groove provides the protection to the edges of substrate of parasitic antenna element 115, and guarantees that parasitic antenna element 115 is properly oriented with respect to inside antenna element 117.
An alternative embodiment of the invention is the Wireless Telecom Equipment 600 that comprises parasitic antenna element shown in Figure 6 115.In this embodiment, different with the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, Wireless Telecom Equipment 600 does not comprise above-mentioned door.In an example shown, parasitic antenna element is secured near shell 501 surfaces the slot 507 that is used to insert pcmcia card.
Fig. 7 is the parasitic antenna element 115 of description in presentation graphs 5 and 6 and the equivalent schematic of inside antenna element 117.Parasitic antenna element 115 comprises an inductance 701 (be equivalent inductance in electromagnetic circuit) in parallel with a fixed capacity 703 (i.e. the distributed capacitance that is formed by adjacent parallel electromagnetic circuit trace (for example trace 202 and trace 210) form equivalent capacity) effectively.The inside antenna element is equivalent to and comprises the inductance 705 (be the equivalent inductance of electromagnetic circuit) in parallel with electric capacity 707 (for example, passing the discrete electric capacity that electromagnetic circuit is electrically connected).The direction of inductance 701,705 selects to be suitable for making that electromagnetic energy reaches magnetic coupling between them.The resonance frequency of parasitic antenna element is (2)
-1[(L) (C)]
-1/2, wherein L is the inductance value of inductance 701, C is the capacitance of electric capacity 703.The resonance frequency of inside antenna element is (2)
-1[(L) (C)]
-1/2, wherein L is the inductance value of inductance 705, C is the capacitance of electric capacity 707.As discussed above, the resonance frequency that the resonance frequency of parasitic antenna element 115 cans be compared to inside antenna element 117 most is higher slightly.
Different with the efficient intensifier that comprises adjustable discrete electric capacity in the prior art, the present invention provides the broadband that strengthens by application distribution electric capacity, and therefore in quite wide bandwidth (at 850MHz about 35%) parasitic antenna element 115 need not to regulate resonance frequency.Cancellation makes parasitic antenna element can be placed on the inboard or the outer surface of wireless communication equipment shell boldly to the needs of the adjusting of resonance frequency in the parasitic antenna element, perhaps in the bottom of device label, and still can provide enough antenna efficiencies and the gain that strengthens.
Fig. 8,9 and 10 has illustrated according to the perspective view of the parasitic capacitance antenna 115 that mounts of the present invention.The parasitic antenna element 800 of Fig. 8 includes a substrate 201 with upper surface 803 and lower surface 805.Substrate 201 preferably is made of polyester film (polyester) or Merlon, but also can be made of for example special teflon, Kapton other known materials
(polyimides) or paper.In the embodiment that Fig. 8 describes, the conduction mode 807 that forms the resonance frequency of parasitic antenna element 800 can be with the conductive materials of for example metal forming or electrically conductive ink by deposit, silk screen printing (screen printing), electroplate, etching or other method are deposited on the dielectric substrate 201 and (are preferably in lower surface 805, so that its user to electronics or Wireless Telecom Equipment 500 is unshowy) form, be used to identify wireless or electronic equipment, for example model, identification of the manufacturer, sequence number, the information 809 of caution label or out of Memory is printed on the reverse side (being preferably in upper surface 803) of substrate.It will be appreciated that the method that conduction mode 807 is deposited on substrate 201 depends on the character of the actual contents of use.At least after conduction mode 807 is deposited to the surface 805 of substrate 201, will on the surface 805 that comprises pattern 807, use bonded adhesives, so that on 805 the shells 501 of surface attached to equipment 500 such as 3M presser sensor (PSA) glue.In case be attached on the shell 501 by glue, comprise conduction mode 807 substrate 201 surface 805 will with the enough approaching zone of any inner couplings or antenna 117 on contact with shell 501.Although preferably conduction mode 807 is positioned on the lower surface 805 of substrate 201, so that pattern 807 is not obvious for the user of electronic equipment 500, the position of such pattern 807 need be according to requirement of the present invention, and pattern 807 also can be placed on the upper surface 803 of substrate 201.When being positioned over the upper surface 803 of substrate 201, can covering the transparent or opaque film (not shown) of skim thereon with protected mode 807, and the surface of placing identification information 809 is provided.
As described in Figure 8, the area of printing conductive pattern 807 is compared very little with the whole area of the lower surface 805 of lining the 201st on the lower surface 805 of substrate 201.Situation when this may occur in pattern 807 and is positioned over the lower surface 805 of sizable adhesive label substrate, this moment, the upper surface of substrate comprised identification of the manufacturer, unit type, Equipment Serial Number or other additional information.Selectable in addition situation as shown in Figure 9, the area of printing conductive pattern 907 almost equates with the whole area on the surface 905 of substrate 201 on the surface 905 of substrate 201.Situation when this may occur in pattern 807 and is positioned over the lower surface 905 of quite little adhesive label substrate, this moment, the upper surface 903 of substrate only comprised trade name or Equipment Serial Number.
Another optional embodiment as shown in figure 10, the lining the 201st with upper surface 1003 and lower surface 1005 comprises an opening 1011, pcmcia card can be inserted the slot 507 of shell 501 by it, as shown in Figure 6.The structure of passive antenna structure 1007 as mentioned above.Be used for identifying the identification information 1009 of Wireless Telecom Equipment, for example identification of the manufacturer or out of Memory can be printed on the reverse side (preferably upper surface 1003) of substrate.
Computer Simulation and anechoic chamber test (anechoic chamber testing) proves, increased the parasitic antenna element 115 of above-mentioned introduction after, the efficient of antenna system 101 is as shown in Figure 1 compared with the efficient of independent inside antenna element 117 and is improved.The figure 12 that Figure 11 describes is computer artificial results of the normalization efficient corresponding with frequency, corresponding to parasitic antenna element 115 that constitute, that be placed on outer surface on the wireless communication equipment shell 501 according to Fig. 2, usually according to shown in Figure 5 apart from 1 millimeter of inside antenna element (mm).The inside antenna element is the typical electromagnetic circuit antenna that places in the pcmcia card.The resonance frequency of parasitic antenna element 115 is 980MHz, and Q is 60, and the resonance frequency of inside antenna element 117 is 930MHz, and unloaded Q is 60.
As shown in figure 11, compare with the normalization efficient 1201 of the antenna system that only comprises inside antenna element 117, the normalization efficient 1203 that comprises the antenna system 101 of parasitic antenna element 115 has the advantage of 6 decibels (db).In addition, the enhancing efficient (when the parasitic antenna resonance frequency is 980MHz, near 300MHz) in quite wide frequency range that is provided by parasitic antenna element 115 is held.
From above-mentioned introduction, it will be appreciated that, on dielectric substrate, use parasitic antenna element and be not limited in an individual component.Figure 12 has represented the mode configuration of a conductive trace, has formed the part according to the multi-frequency parasitic antenna element of an optional embodiment who invents at least.As shown in figure 12, three parasitic antenna element on flat dielectric substrate 201, have been formed.First parasitic antenna element 1201 is adjusted on first frequency scope f1 and moves, second parasitic antenna element 1203 is adjusted on second frequency scope f2 and moves, trixenie antenna element 1205 is adjusted to the operation at the 3rd frequency range f3, wherein f1＞f2＞f3.The frequency range that parasitic capacitance is adjusted to can overlap each other, and has therefore expanded the frequency range that Wireless Telecom Equipment can be regulated, and perhaps frequency range can be separated very widely to adapt to the needed different frequency bands of operation.
Figure 13 to 16 expression is according to another optional embodiment of parasitic antenna element of the present invention.As shown in figure 13, the shape of parasitic antenna element need not to be restricted to square, also can comprise other shape, and for example the single turn parasitic antenna element is a circle (as figure) or avette or oval (not shown).As shown in figure 14, when being used for lower operating frequency, parasitic antenna element can be mixed with multiturn.Multiturn can be produced on the different layers of dielectric substrate, connects by feeder line.Parasitic antenna element can also comprise wide conductor element, shown in Figure 15 and 16.So the loop of " wide " can provide lower Q, thereby provides wideer bandwidth than the set shape of narrow line.It will be appreciated that, but also can on thin attachment substrate, constitute the parasitic antenna element of other type with the planar conductor pattern.
The present invention has comprised a parasitic antenna element and a Wireless Telecom Equipment that comprises parasitic antenna element.In the present invention, for example fasten computer, palmtop PC and PDA and so on, place insertable pcmcia card radio circuit to obtain the Wireless Telecom Equipment of radio function by utilization, by will parasitic antenna element according to the present invention as add ons, can obtain the antenna performance of improvement, and therefore expand working range.When the antenna system of Wireless Telecom Equipment has comprised such parasitic antenna element, the effect of parasitic antenna element is to strengthen the efficient of antenna system and gain, particularly owing to place the size restrictions in the slit (for example PCMCIA slot) of inside antenna element, when antenna system has comprised inefficient relatively inside antenna element.It will be appreciated that the parasitic loop element also can be used for the electronic equipment that other contains the home loop antenna.
In addition, owing to directly be placed on the thin stickup substrate that for example label provides, parasitic antenna element of the present invention has kept very low profile (profile), has therefore satisfied most of users' ergonomics requirement.Further, when being positioned over the back of device label, parasitic antenna element in fact can not realized by the user when the enhancing efficient of hope is provided.And, because parasitic antenna element of the present invention can be attached directly on the Wireless Telecom Equipment, different with the antenna efficiency enhancing of prior art, the present invention does not need to use loader or other to be used for parasitic antenna element is positioned to the additional shell very approaching with the inside antenna element of Wireless Telecom Equipment.At last, in manual adjustment antenna intensifier difference of the prior art, the present invention comprises the resonance frequency that distributed capacitance forms passive antenna by parasitic antenna element, provides fixing antenna tuning, the broadband to strengthen.At last, according to the method described above, by parasitic antenna element being put into the label in the groove that the shell that is placed on Wireless Telecom Equipment provides, the installation of parasitic antenna element is very simple.
Although the introduction of front has constituted certain preferred embodiment of the present invention and optional embodiment, should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to this, and according to scope disclosed by the invention, other different embodiment is very obvious to those of ordinary skills.For this reason, wish that the claim covering that is provided drops on all change and improvement in the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. the parasitic antenna element of at least one of the gain of an inside antenna element that is used for strengthening Wireless Telecom Equipment and efficient, described inside antenna element produces resonance at first frequency, and be placed in the shell of described Wireless Telecom Equipment, described parasitic antenna element comprises:
Dielectric substrate; With
Be arranged on the surface of described dielectric substrate to form the conduction mode of an electromagnetic circuit, described electromagnetic circuit produces resonance on second frequency,
Therefore, when described dielectric substrate attached to the shell of described wireless communication system on and within the near field range of described inside antenna element the time, described parasitic antenna element has strengthened at least one in the gain of described inside antenna element and the efficient.
2. parasitic antenna element according to claim 1, wherein second frequency is more than or equal to first frequency.
3. parasitic antenna element according to claim 1 further comprises a kind of adhesive, is positioned on the surface of described dielectric substrate, is used to protect the described dielectric substrate on the described shell.
4. parasitic antenna element according to claim 3, wherein said adhesive are placed on the described surface of described dielectric substrate, place described conduction mode on described dielectric substrate.
5. parasitic antenna element according to claim 1, wherein said dielectric substrate comprise in polyester film and the Merlon a kind of at least one class.
6. parasitic antenna element according to claim 1 further comprises the sign that is placed on the described dielectric substrate second surface, and described sign provides identifying information.
7. parasitic antenna element according to claim 6, wherein said dielectric substrate and described conduction mode disposed thereon and described sign provide the sign of the described Wireless Telecom Equipment of identification.
8. Wireless Telecom Equipment comprises:
Shell; With
Antenna system, it comprises:
Be positioned at first antenna element of described shell, described first antenna element produces resonance at first frequency, with
Be connected to the surface of described shell and produce second antenna element of resonance at second frequency, described second antenna element is placed within the near field range of described first antenna element, make electromagnetic energy in the bandwidth of operation of described wireless communication system expectation, above-mentioned second antenna element and on be coupled between several first antenna elements.
9. wireless communication system according to claim 8, wherein said second antenna element is deposited on the surface of dielectric substrate, and described dielectric substrate is attached to the described surface of described shell.
10. wireless communication system according to claim 9 wherein is attached to described dielectric substrate on the described shell with a kind of adhesive.
11. wireless communication system according to claim 8, wherein said first antenna element are electromagnetic circuit antennas, second antenna element also is an electromagnetic circuit antenna.
12. wireless communication system according to claim 8, the bandwidth of wherein said first antenna element is rather narrow, and the quality factor of wherein said second antenna element are quite little, provide bandwidth enough, relative described first antenna element wideer bandwidth to comprise described second antenna element and the combined antenna of first antenna element to generation.
13. wireless communication system according to claim 9, the information of wherein discerning described Wireless Telecom Equipment is printed on the surface of described dielectric substrate, arranges the described surface opposite of second antenna element on this surface and the described dielectric substrate.
14. wireless communication system according to claim 9, wherein said Wireless Telecom Equipment is encapsulated within the shell, and wherein arrange on the described dielectric substrate of second antenna element described surface with in the zone contiguous with described first antenna element, contact at the described shell of described Wireless Telecom Equipment.
15. wireless communication system according to claim 9 is wherein by forming described second antenna element on the described surface that a metal forming etching is deposited on described dielectric substrate.
16. wireless communication system according to claim 9 wherein is printed onto electrically conductive ink on the described surface of the described dielectric substrate that forms described second antenna element.
17. wireless communication system according to claim 9 is wherein compared with the whole area of described dielectric substrate, the area on described surface of described dielectric substrate of placing described second antenna element thereon is very little.
18. wireless communication system according to claim 17, the area of wherein placing described second antenna element on the described surface of described dielectric substrate equates basically with the whole area of dielectric substrate.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US79633601A | 2001-03-02 | 2001-03-02 | |
| US09/796,336 | 2001-03-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1457530A true CN1457530A (en) | 2003-11-19 |
Family
ID=25167946
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN02800490A Pending CN1457530A (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2002-02-20 | Parasitic antenna element and wireless communication device incorporating the same |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR20030007569A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1457530A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002071536A1 (en) |
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| CN102414953A (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2012-04-11 | 高通股份有限公司 | Parasitic devices for wireless power transfer |
| CN103283087A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2013-09-04 | 诺基亚公司 | Antenna apparatus and methods |
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- 2002-02-20 KR KR1020027014693A patent/KR20030007569A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-02-20 CN CN02800490A patent/CN1457530A/en active Pending
- 2002-02-20 WO PCT/US2002/004953 patent/WO2002071536A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20030007569A (en) | 2003-01-23 |
| WO2002071536A1 (en) | 2002-09-12 |
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