CN1457178A - Communication method for sharing one subnet section of protocol between network by multiple virtual local networks - Google Patents
Communication method for sharing one subnet section of protocol between network by multiple virtual local networks Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The method makes computers distributed in multiple virtual local area networks (VLAN) possible to be configured within same IP network section. A larger scale of LAN can be decomposed as multiple VLAN. The multiple VLAN are connected to access equipment such as a router, Ethernet tri-level exchanger etc. Thus, computers distributed in multiple VLAN are configured within same IP. These computers can communicate each other and broadcast messages can be insulated within LAN. Moreover, IP address resources are saved and the data configuration is simplified.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of computer network communication method, be particularly related to the communication means between a kind of computer when a plurality of VLANs (Virtual Local Area Network is designated hereinafter simply as VLAN) shared same Internet protocol (IP) subnet network segment is arranged.
Background technology
Local Area Network adopts the frame of band physical address or MAC Address to transmit data and need not middle exchange and Route Selection, therefore allows to go up realization in the physical (L1) and the data link layer (L2) of osi model.And the connection between a plurality of LAN need realize by LAN switch, this moment, each LAN was connected with a physical port of switch, the mac frame that computer sends in the LAN is received and parses physical address or mac address information by port by switch, if the source address of destination address and sending computer belongs to same LAN, then this frame need not to transmit, therefore will be ignored by switch, otherwise switch is transmitted this frame to other LAN.In other words, this switch is transmitted processing based on the mapping relations of physical address or MAC Address and switch physical port, and the data link layer (L2) that therefore allows to operate in osi model goes up and is called as layer 2 switch.
In order to improve the service efficiency of the network bandwidth, connection is in the computer of diverse geographic location and sets up a less working group in a large-scale local area network (LAN), thereby switch can be from dividing into groups to set up Virtual Local Area Network to physical port in logic.For example a switch has 24 physical ports, can be vlan port A with port one-4 merger according to actual needs, port 5-17 merger is vlan port B, port one 8-24 merger is vlan port C, thereby makes the various device that is connected with the physical port that adheres to vlan port A, B and C separately constitute three VLANs.In fact, the physical port that belongs to same vlan port can be discontinuous on sequence number, even can be a vlan port with the physical port merger on the different switches.VLAN should be considered as the logic groups of the L2 straton net network segment of osi model in essence, and the equipment (for example L3 layer switch of router or network enabled layer exchange) that it must be professional with supporting layer Network Based (L3) address forwarding connects just can make packet transmit between different VLAN.The detailed description of relevant VLAN can be referring to IEEE 802.1Q and 802.1p agreement, and wherein the former has mainly stipulated the implementation of VLAN, and the transmission that the latter has relatively high expectations at real-time has defined the notion of priority.
Under the IP agreement, for different VLAN, switch or router are generally each VLAN and all distribute a different IP subnet network segment, and the computer in the different VLAN then is configured on the corresponding different sub-network network segment.For example in Fig. 1, access device 1 is for supporting the L3 layer switch or the router of three layers of exchange, suppose that it is 3 vlan ports and with different VLAN ID value sign that its physical port is merged, computer A 1, A2 and the physical port that A3 is connected with access device 1 through Ethernet switch LS-1 are divided into the logic port of VLAN ID=1, computer B1, B2 and the physical port that B3 is connected with access device 1 through Ethernet switch LS-2 are divided into the logic port of VLAN ID=2, computer C1, C2 and the physical port that C3 is connected with access device 1 through Ethernet switch LS-3 are divided into the logic port of VLAN ID=3, so computer A 1-A3, B1-B3 and C1-C3 adhere to three different VLAN A separately, B and C.The IP address relevant with these three VLAN can be allocated as follows: VLAN ID=1 port address (being the gateway address of VLAN A) is 172.11.252.1, and the subnet network segment address is 172.11.252.0, and mask is 255.255.255.0; VLAN ID=2 port address (being the gateway address of VLAN B) is 172.11.253.1, and the subnet network segment address is 172.11.253.0, and mask is 255.255.255.0; VLAN ID=3 port address (being the gateway address of VLAN C) is 172.11.254.1, and the subnet network segment address is 172.11.254.0, and mask is 255.255.255.0.The IP address configuration of computer A 1-A3 is on the subnet network segment of 172.11. 252.0 in the address; The IP address configuration of computer B1-B3 is on the subnet network segment of 172.11.253.0 in the address; The IP address configuration of computer C1-C3 is on the subnet network segment of 172.11.254.0 in the address.
Flow process when Fig. 2 shows computer A 1 on being positioned at the 172.11.252.0 subnet network segment computer A 2 on being positioned at the same subnet network segment and transmits data.As shown in Figure 2, because A1 and A2 belong to the same subnet network segment, so A1 at first searches the ARP(Address Resolution Protocol) table, physical address or the MAC Address of the IP address search A2 by A2; If the information of having stored A2 in the ARP table, then A1 obtains physical address or the MAC Address of A2 and transmit the IP message that comprises this physical address or MAC Address in affiliated VLAN, and the A2 that is positioned at this physical address or MAC Address subsequently will receive message; If the information of not storing A2 in the ARP table, then A1 sends the ARP request message to own place network segment 172.11.252.0, just all computers in VLAN 1 send the ARP request message, requested IP address in the ARP request message is the IP address of A2, the computer A 2 that has been assigned with this destination address comprises the arp response message of its physical address or MAC Address to the A1 loopback after receiving the ARP request message, A1 sends this physical address or MAC Address to A2 to the IP message as target physical address or MAC Address subsequently.
When the computer B1 of the computer A 1 on being positioned at the 172.11.252.0 subnet network segment on being positioned at the 172.11.253.0 subnet network segment transmits data, because A1 belongs to the different subnet network segments with B1, therefore A1 is that the gateway of 172.11.252.1 sends the message that comprises purpose IP address to the address, access device 1 is transmitted to gateway 172.11.253.1 according to the mapping relations of subnet network segment address and access device logic port in the purpose IP address with this IP message, find corresponding physical address or MAC Address by this gateway according to the ARP table again, then message is sent to the computer B1 that has this physical address or MAC Address.
In aforementioned calculation machine communication means, different VLAN logically need be handled as the different IP subnet network segments, and the computer in the different VLAN adheres to the corresponding IP subnet network segment separately and disposes corresponding gateway, therefore the VLAN quantity of supporting when access device more for a long time, need a plurality of IP network sections of configuration, wasted the IP address resource, workload data is big simultaneously.Particularly,,, also be necessary for it 4 IP addresses are provided even it comprises a computer for each VLAN, that is, and the address of subnet network segment address, broadcast address, gateway address and this computer of VLAN.
Summary of the invention
Therefore the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of computer network communication method that is used for Virtual Local Area Network, it can realize the communication between the computer in the VLAN of the shared same IP subnet network segment.
A kind of like this computer network communication method is provided for this reason, described network comprises a plurality of Virtual Local Area Network and at least one comprises the access device of vlan port, the corresponding described vlan port of described each VLAN also is connected with described access device by corresponding vlan port, at least two described VLAN are assigned with an IP subnet network segment, when being assigned with the same IP subnet network segment but belong to wherein computer in the different VLAN when another computer sends message, described method comprises following steps:
(1) computer of described transmission message sends the message that comprises source IP address, purpose IP address, source physical address and target physical address, wherein said source IP address is the IP address of the computer of described transmission message, described purpose IP address is the IP address of the computer of described reception message, described source physical address is the physical address of the computer of described transmission message, and described target physical address be on the described access device with described transmission message computer under the physical address of the vlan port that links to each other of VLAN;
(2) after described access device receives described message, with the source physical address in the described message change on the access device with described reception message computer under the physical address of the vlan port that links to each other of VLAN, described target physical address changes the physical address of described reception message computer into, and through on the described access device with the computer of described reception message under the vlan port that links to each other of VLAN send message.
Therefore, utilize communication means of the present invention can realize the shared IP subnet network segment of a plurality of VLANs, a plurality of VLAN only need dispose an IP address and get final product, and have saved the IP address resource and have simplified data configuration simultaneously.This compares with the situation that current each VLAN needs to dispose 4 IP addresses at least, and this has saved address resource greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the networking diagram of Virtual Local Area Network;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart that sends the IP message under the prior art in the same VLAN between the computer; And
Fig. 3 adheres to the flow chart that sends the IP message between the computer in the different VLAN for according to the shared same IP subnet network segment of two VLAN of the present invention the time separately.
The concrete mode that carries out an invention
Below be that example is described according to computer communication of the present invention with VLAN shown in Figure 1.Address assignment to each VLAN is at first described.At first with two port arrangement of VLAN ID=1 in the access device 1 and VLAN ID=2 in a logic interfacing LI, with the computer configuration of original VLAN A and B on a subnet network segment.In other words, the same IP subnet of the computer utility network segment in two ports of VLAN ID=1 and VLAN ID=2 and VLAN A and the B.If this subnet network segment address is assumed to be 172.11.252.0, mask is 255.255.255.0, then the address of aforementioned calculation machine A1-A3 and B1-B3 is distributed on the subnet network segment of 172.11.252.0, for example computer A 1 can be 172.11.252.4, computer A 2 can be 172.11.252.5, and computer B1 can be 172.11.252.6.Logic interfacing LI can be considered as the gateway of this subnet network segment, and its address can be configured to 172.11.252.1, and mask is 255.255.255.0.For VLAN C, its subnet network segment address hypothesis still is 172.11.254.0, and gateway address is 172.11.254.1, and mask is 255.255.255.0.It is worthy of note, above-mentioned configuration is an illustrative nature, in fact also have other various concrete compound modes that make the same IP subnet of the computer utility network segment in the different VLAN, therefore to should not be construed as be limitation of the invention to above-mentioned and following specific descriptions, and only be used to explain purpose.
Fig. 3 shows computer A 1 on being positioned at the 172.11.252.0 subnet network segment on being positioned at the same subnet network segment but the flow process of the computer B1 that adheres to different VLAN separately when transmitting the IP message that comprises purpose IP address.As shown in Figure 3, because A1 and B1 belong to the same subnet network segment, so A1 is at first according to the ARP table, by IP address search target physical address or the MAC Address of B1.If the relevant address information of having stored B1 in the ARP table, then A1 can obtain target physical address or the MAC Address of B1.It is worthy of note, according to the present invention, though the source IP address in the message is the IP address of computer A 1 at this moment, source physical address is physical address or the MAC Address of A1, and purpose IP address is the IP address of B1, the physical address or the MAC Address of the access device vlan port that but the target physical address should be an access device to be connected with the affiliated VLAN A of A1, the i.e. physical address or the MAC Address of access device VLAN ID=I port.In other words, the MAC Address of this B1 is not its actual physical address, and is its nominal physical address.Be sent to the VLAN ID=1VLAN port of access device according to above-mentioned physical address when this IP message after, access device again according to the IP address search of B1 to the vlan port that should transmit this message, it is the access device port of VLAN ID=2, source physical address in the message is revised the physical address of the port of VLAN ID=2, computer B1 actual physical address is revised as in the target physical address, and E-Packets by VLAN ID=2 port.If the IP address of not storing B1 in the ARP of computer A 1 table, then as shown in Figure 3, according to the ARP agreement, A1 sends the ARP request message that comprises this purpose IP address to the 172.11.252.0 network segment.When access device 1 receives the ARP message request, it is different with the vlan port under the A1 with the vlan port under B1 is judged in purpose IP address according to the source IP address in the ARP message, then replace B1 to send the arp response message to A1, though wherein the IP address in the response message is B1, physical address or MAC Address but be with A1 under the vlan port of the VLAN access device that joins.A1 obtains the nominal physical address of B1 subsequently from the arp response message.Computer A 1 on being positioned at the 172.11.252.0 subnet network segment transmits when comprising the IP message of purpose IP address to the computer A 2 that is positioned at the same subnet network segment and belongs to same VLAN, because A1 and A2 belong to same VLAN, therefore its message transmitting party formula is identical with message transmitting party formula between the interior computer of aforementioned same VLAN, repeats no more herein.
Therefore, utilizing above-mentioned communication means of the present invention can realize the communication between the computer in the VLAN of a shared IP subnet network segment, and bring in from computer, this communication mode and common mode do not have difference.
When the computer C1 of the computer A 1 on being positioned at the 172.11.252.0 subnet network segment on being positioned at the 172.11.254.0 subnet network segment transmits data, because A1 belongs to the different subnet network segments with C1, therefore the A1 message that at first will comprise source IP address and purpose IP address is sent to the gateway that the address is 172.11.252.1, be logic port LI, access device 1 is transmitted to gateway 172.11.254.1 according to the mapping relations of subnet network segment address and logic port in the purpose IP address with this IP message then, finds corresponding physical address or MAC Address by this gateway according to the ARP of VLAN under it table again and message is sent to the computer C1 of this physical address or MAC Address.Obviously, said process is identical with communication process between the common VLAN on the different sub-network network segment.
Therefore, utilizing above-mentioned communication means of the present invention can realize in the VLAN of a shared IP subnet network segment communicating by letter of computer on the computer and other IP subnet network segment equally, and bring in from computer, this communication mode and common mode do not have difference.
It is worthy of note that the computer in this specification and claims thereof is a generalized concept, thereby it includes but not limited to server, work station, printer or other any equipment that can connect switch or router formation VLAN.
Claims (4)
1. computer network communication method, described network comprises a plurality of Virtual Local Area Network and at least one comprises the access device of vlan port, the corresponding described vlan port of described each VLAN also is connected with described access device by corresponding vlan port, it is characterized in that, at least two described VLAN are assigned with an IP subnet network segment, and when being assigned with the same IP subnet network segment but belong in two computers in the different VLAN wherein one during to another transmission message, described method comprises following steps:
(1) computer of described transmission message sends the message that comprises source IP address, purpose IP address, source physical address and target physical address, wherein said source IP address is the IP address of the computer of described transmission message, described purpose IP address is the IP address of the computer of described reception message, described source physical address is the physical address of the computer of described transmission message, and described target physical address be on the described access device with described transmission message computer under the physical address of the vlan port that links to each other of VLAN; And
(2) after described access device receives described message, with the source physical address in the described message change on the access device with described reception message computer under the physical address of the vlan port that links to each other of VLAN, described target physical address changes the physical address of described reception message computer into, and through on the described access device with the computer of described reception message under the vlan port that links to each other of VLAN send message.
2. network communication method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, if can't obtain described target physical address, then obtain on the described access device physical address of the vlan port that VLAN links to each other under the computer with described transmission message with the following step at the computer that sends message described in the step (1):
(a) computer of described transmission message sends the ARP(Address Resolution Protocol) request message that comprises described purpose IP address;
(b) described access device sends the arp response message according to the described purpose IP address that comprises in the described ARP request message to the computer of described transmission message, comprises on the described access device physical address of the vlan port that VLAN links to each other under the computer with described transmission message in the described arp response message; And
(c) computer of described transmission message obtains this physical address from described arp response message.
3. computer network communication method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described access device is the switch of router or the exchange of network enabled layer.
4. computer network communication method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, thus it is characterized in that described computer is for connecting the equipment that described access device constitutes VLAN.
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