CN1348501A - Feminine sanitary disposable article having a blood detection means as sensor - Google Patents

Feminine sanitary disposable article having a blood detection means as sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1348501A
CN1348501A CN 00806779 CN00806779A CN1348501A CN 1348501 A CN1348501 A CN 1348501A CN 00806779 CN00806779 CN 00806779 CN 00806779 A CN00806779 A CN 00806779A CN 1348501 A CN1348501 A CN 1348501A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
articles
component
blood
indicator
absorbent article
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN 00806779
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
玛丽亚·G·卡普里
乔瓦尼·卡卢奇
莉萨·格雷希
约翰·L·哈蒙斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Procter and Gamble Ltd
Procter and Gamble Co
Original Assignee
Procter and Gamble Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/299,399 external-priority patent/US6713660B1/en
Application filed by Procter and Gamble Ltd filed Critical Procter and Gamble Ltd
Publication of CN1348501A publication Critical patent/CN1348501A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/72—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving blood pigments, e.g. haemoglobin, bilirubin or other porphyrins; involving occult blood
    • G01N33/721—Haemoglobin
    • G01N33/725—Haemoglobin using peroxidative activity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/42—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
    • A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
    • A61F13/472—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use
    • A61F13/47263—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use with activating means, e.g. elastic, heat or chemical activatable means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/56—Supporting or fastening means
    • A61F13/66—Garments, holders or supports not integral with absorbent pads
    • A61F13/82—Garments, holders or supports not integral with absorbent pads with means for attaching to the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/84—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A61L15/56—Wetness-indicators or colourants
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/52—Use of compounds or compositions for colorimetric, spectrophotometric or fluorometric investigation, e.g. use of reagent paper and including single- and multilayer analytical elements
    • G01N33/528—Atypical element structures, e.g. gloves, rods, tampons, toilet paper
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/5308—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for analytes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. nucleic acids, uric acid, worms, mites
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
    • G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/84—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/8473—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads for diagnostic purposes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/84—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/8476—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads with various devices or method
    • A61F2013/8479—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads with various devices or method including electric or magnetic devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
    • G01N2333/435—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans
    • G01N2333/575—Hormones
    • G01N2333/59—Follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH]; Chorionic gonadotropins, e.g. HCG; Luteinising hormone [LH]; Thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/84—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving inorganic compounds or pH

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to feminine sanitary disposable absorbent articles and, more particularly, to sanitary napkins or panty liners comprising a blood detection means for menstruation prediction by having sensors which have a recognition element to detect the presence of blood indicative of the approach of menstruation and which provide a visual signal indicating the approach of menstruation.

Description

Has feminine sanitary disposable article as the blood detection means of transmitter
Invention field
The present invention relates to feminine sanitary disposable article, more specifically relate to sanitary towel or pantyliners, comprise by having transmitter and be used for the blood detection means of predicted month warp, transmitter wherein has recognition component to be closed on to detect existing with the indication menstruation of blood, and this transmitter provides the visual signalling of indicating menstruation to close on.
Background technology
At present; such as diaper; the adult-incontinence pants; sanitary towel; pantyliners; the disposable product of interlabial devices and tampon etc. has been widely used in maternal protection, and in the baby and the children's that learn to walk treatment and incontinence adult's the treatment, these articles for use are used as discharges the apparatus that refuse holds, isolates and disposes to health.Because its accessibility and reliability, these articles for use have been substituted those haply and can have used repeatedly, clothing capable of washing, and become the preferred apparatus that is used for these purposes.These disposable products are by absorbing or holding the health that is deposited on the articles for use and discharge refuse and the drainage incident is responded.Some disposable products also comprise the device by the chemical mode reaction, so that the various materials in wearer's refuse are detected and send signal.But when these discharge incidents that device all can not specifically detect or prediction is relevant with menstruation take place and send the generation that signal is indicated this incident to wearer or caregiver.
Women's consumer need target of the present invention just that those satisfy so far yet, specifically, described needs are the information of wishing to obtain more about the time of their menstruation.More generally, confirmedly be, the women is ready to know the information that more relates to its menstrual cycle situation and monitors its physical appearance, also is ready to obtain in advance to relate to the early warning of the associated disorders of any kind simultaneously.
Therefore, the present invention comprises two aspects, is considered in different claims according to these two aspects of various countries' patent law.Aspect is the diagnostic purpose on exploitation medical significance of the present invention, and provides the pure non-medical benefit of the early stage information that relevant menstruation closes on the other hand so that make the human consumer take corresponding action as bring into use sanitary towel or tampon.
There have been many publications in the general context of detection for information about that relates to menstrual cycle of female and vagina/urethra.But there is not one piece to provide in the document incorporated by reference hereinafter at concrete instruction of the present invention.
On June 8th, 1993 disclosed U.S. Pat 5,217,444 of authorizing people such as Sch  nfeld a kind of moisture absorption pad such as tampon is disclosed, it comprises pH pH indicator material, to come the acid or alkaline of indicating liquid by colour-change.The pH pH indicator will be soaked by the vaginal secretions that is absorbed by moisture absorption pad.According to the pH value, this indicator provides the indication of vagina healthy state.
In disclosed U.S. Pat 5 of authorizing people such as Everhart on November 21 nineteen ninety-five, 468,236 disclose a kind of disposable absorbent article, it combines chemically active material, and these materials can provide the vision indication at the chemical composition that exists in the excremental liquid such as vagina that absorbs.Not clear and definite its concrete purpose of this patent, but exemplified a kind of disposable diaper, wherein applied a kind of glucose indication gel to top flat or absorbent article core.In second embodiment, the chemical substance that detect is a kind of nitrate, and it is used as the indicator of the urinary tract infection that is caused by gram negative bacterium.Specifically, it is a kind of because of the stable reaction of catalyzing sequential end points that Everhart provides, and makes the absorption of further liquid can not change indication.
On November 4th, 1980 disclosed U.S. Pat 4,231,370 of authorizing people such as Morz a kind of disposable diaper is disclosed, it has the responsive wetness indicators of pH on the solid adhesive matrix.
In disclosed U.S. Pat 5 of authorizing people such as Richards on October 20th, 1998,823,953 relate to a kind of be used for relevant with yeast or with the self-diagnosable system of the incoherent vaginal infection of yeast, its form is menopad or the pantyliners with the color indication pH bar that can be installed on the top flat with pulling down.Whether the pH value of the liquid that the pH indicator determine to absorb is higher or lower than threshold value 4.5, and the doctor who need not to treat yeast or non-zymic vaginal infection so just can make the definite of health care.
People's such as disclosed Buck on the 27th International Application No. WO 97/43955 disclosed a kind of test kit that family uses that is used for November in 1997, with vaginal fluids in the purpose collection menstrual fluid that is used to diagnosis and the vaginal cell of peeling off.These liquid or cell are collected in the moisture absorption pad of interlabial or are collected in and be held in place the intravital pad of perforate shell that intravaginal is used for collecting liquid.These liquid can be used for diagnostic purpose subsequently as required.
People's such as disclosed Echeveria on the 3rd European patent application EP 704195 disclosed a kind of menstruation detector April in 1996, it comprises sanitary towel or the pantyliners that has chemical substance, these chemical substances are carried out the refrigeration reaction when absorbing liquid, so that the indication that begins as menstruation, thereby allow the wearer to have sufficient time to change the indication absorbent article with full-scale and sanitary towel or tampon full capacity.
Certainly, suchlike indicator is known, and is independent of the fluid supply that need analyze usually.For example, September nineteen ninety people such as disclosed Ismael on the 12nd European patent application EP 386562 a kind of dry enzyme test composition with color indicating effect is disclosed.Similarly, people's such as disclosed Buck on the 14th International Application No. WO 90/06511 discloses a kind of stable indicator in June nineteen ninety, to determine whether the existing of analyte in liquid sample.Similarly, people's such as disclosed Bouse on the 30th International Application No. WO 89/11643 disclosed a kind of director composition November in 1989, and it is designed to improve the concentration range of the analyte that can analyze.
Disclosed applicant was people such as Oksman on November 7th, 1984 European patent application EP 124215 and EP 124214 relate to a kind of wiping indicator that is used to detect occult blood, and this indicator is specially adapted to analyze the existence of blood in the ight soil.Similarly, the European patent application EP 93595 that disclosed applicant is Wells in November 9 nineteen eighty-three relates to a kind of drying diagnosis appurtenance, and it is applicable in the step detection of oxyphorase, is specially adapted to the step detection of occult blood in the ight soil.
The European patent application EP 113896 that the disclosed people of application was Rothe on July 25th, 1984 relates to a kind of test chemical bar, and wherein test reagent is arranged on and is used for qualitative assessment on the plastic film strip.This patent has exemplified blood and glucose test.
On March 7th, 1984 disclosed applicant be both relate among the European patent application EP 101980 of Roy and the EP 101979 a kind of with clinical analysis rapidly be diagnosed as the mensuration of the desaturase of purpose.Under latter event, it is said that carrier can be the tampon that comprises cellulosic fibre.
In addition, in medical field, also disclose some and related to some publications pathological conditions, that comprise detection method and methods of treatment of female sex organ and urinary organ.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to be used for women's moisture absorption sanitary product, provide by vision the vision blood testing that is deposited on the moisture absorption sanitary product, a certain amount of blood in the vaginal discharge that normal range estimation by human eye can not identify carries out.This articles for use conventionally form is a laminate structure, and every layer all has towards the surface of wearer with towards the surface of clothing.Usually, these articles for use comprise one described articles for use towards the lip-deep liquid top flat of wearer, one described articles for use towards the lip-deep liquid barrier egative film of clothing and be clipped in described liquid top flat and described liquid barrier egative film between absorbent article core.According to the present invention, these articles for use are preferably sanitary towel or pantyliners, particularly thickness is less than 3 millimeters thin pantyliners, most preferably be and be suitable for the pantyliners of dressing, and be generally triangular shaped and (also be called as belt shape (thong shape) or belt liner (thong liner) respectively with linear connection underwear (string undergarment) form.)
According to the present invention, articles for use comprise blood detection means, the chemical composition that this blood detection means comprises at least the first component that is selected from superoxide or peracid or its combination and is selected from second component of gum guaiacum (Gum Guaiac) or tetramethyl benzidine or its combination.Said composition preferably also comprises surfactant such as tensio-active agent or is preferably polyoxyethylene glycol.
In an embodiment preferred, according to the present invention, first component is epta-phthalyl imino--peroxide-caproic acid, and second component is a gum guaiacum.First and second components are preferably separated in described absorbent article, more preferably a kind of component be arranged on one deck on the clothing surface, and another component be arranged on the second layer towards on the clothing surface or a kind of component be arranged on one deck on the wearer surface, preferred core and other component be arranged on identical layer on the clothing surface.
When being applied to composition on the articles for use, preferably its form with liquid is provided, the solution form in organic carrier more preferably, this organic solvent can evaporate after having used composition.Can be by applying or preferably using by sprinkling.
Within the scope of the invention by the additional detection piece relevant with menstruation, as be suitable for detecting additional biological chemistry or the electronics-chemistry or the chemical detection mode of the physiological change in the vaginal discharge after the absorption, they are indicated menstruation occurring, and have produced visual signalling that separate, that strengthen or modification preferably for the user of described articles for use.Preferably, such additional detected part comprises pH detection agent or progesterone hormone or oestrogenic hormon indicator or their combination.
Embodiment
Definition
Here, " absorbent article " vocabulary shows the articles for use that absorb and hold body excretions, and or rather, expression is placed on the wearer's body or health is neighbouring, be used for absorbing and holding the various excremental articles for use of discharging from health." disposable " used herein vocabulary shows does not plan this absorbent article is washed or otherwise recovers as absorbent article or reuse (that is, they will be dropped) after using once.Here, " connection " speech comprises following structure: by element being attached directly on another element and this element directly is fixed on configuration on described another element, perhaps by with element attached on the intermediary element and this intermediary element subsequently attached on another element and this element is fixed on configuration on described another element.The absorbent article of " integral type " is meant that those fit together absorbent article with the integral body that forms the coordinating and unifying by isolating element, and these articles for use do not need those such as independently the cover (holder) or the independent operational unit of lining (liner).A preferred embodiment of absorbent article of the present invention is a kind of " integral type " disposable sanitary napkin or pantyliners or absorbent interlabial article, but disposable incontinence pants, incontinence undergarments, moisture absorption plug-in unit and tampon then also can be benefited from the present invention if be used in premenstrual period.
According to the present invention, absorbent article is made of three main elements usually: top flat, during use towards the user of articles for use and in order to allow liquid to enter articles for use thereby to be liquid; Egative film, it provided the holding of liquid, thereby the liquid that can not that is absorbed sees through articles for use and leaks, this egative film provide usually articles for use towards the wearer surface; And being clipped in absorbent article core between top flat and the egative film, this absorbent article core provides the moisture absorption capacity to articles for use, in order to collect and to keep entering by top flat the liquid of articles for use.
A lot of in the art absorbent articles and structure all are known, and have been carried out in detail for a long time, described in large quantities.All these materials, only otherwise conflict mutually through the transmitter of usefulness with selected predicted month, can be with in the present invention.Hereinafter, only mentioned and benefited the material that is used in according in the preferred absorbent article of the present invention especially.One of ordinary skill in the art can pick out the equivalent material that can adopt equally at an easy rate, and perhaps these materials are particularly preferred in the absorbent article of predicted month warp according to the present invention.Top flat
Generally, top flat should be submissive, flexible, soft feel, and non-stimulated to wearer's skin.Top flat preferably also has elastic properties, extends on one or two direction to allow top flat.In this article, " flexible " speech is meant that those are submissive and is easy to general appearance and the adaptive material of profile phase with human body.
Top flat can enough weavings non-woven material or by perforation the film of saturating liquid makes.Top flat also can provide with the form of matrix material or by constituting more than one deck, for example it can have secondary top flat or flow control layer.Such film and non-woven fleece or yarn fabric can be for example by making such as the polymkeric substance of polyethylene or polypropene composition.Conventional, such polymkeric substance is filled so that White-opalescent to be provided with coloring material such as titanium dioxide.Also can not use coloring material that such top flat is provided, thereby obtain having the transparent film or the non-woven fleece of high-transmittance, simultaneously color filler such as titanium dioxide does not exist the substance change that can't produce any essence.Thereby such top flat is to the inner menstruation predictor particularly advantageous that can whether occur colour-change by vision-based detection of articles for use that is arranged on of the present invention.Therefore, can be used in opaque color filler in the polymkeric substance of preparation top flat shortage (or be reduced to below 15%, be conventional amount used pact half) brought extra benefit (except that lower cost and make environmental pressure reduces) for detecting better.But also nontransparent colored filler may be provided, when color is provided, brought the transparency or partially transparent.This pigmentation can advantageously be used for hiding the initial or final color of color indicator of the present invention, and is preferably faint yellow or blue.
Top flat can be transparent maybe can be partially transparent.If top flat is transparent changing with the permission visualization of color, for most of embodiments of the present invention, it also is enough so.Egative film
Generally, egative film is submissive, flexible and soft feel.Egative film mainly be prevent to absorb and be contained in movement in the absorbent structure get wet contact with absorbent article, such as the clothing of underwear.Preferably, egative film is an impenetrable liquid (for example menstruation, sweat and/or urine).Egative film can be by thin plastics film manufacturing, but also can be by other flexible, liquid-tight material manufacturing.Herein, " flexible " speech is meant that those are submissive and is easy to general appearance and the adaptive material of profile phase with human body.Egative film preferably also has elastic properties, stretches in one or two direction to allow it.
Egative film can comprise weaving or non-woven material, such as the polymer thin film of polyethylene or polyacrylic thermoplastic film, or such as the matrix material of the film of the non-woven material of lining film or coated fiber.The tradition absorbent article comprise thickness be about 0.012 millimeter to about 0.051 millimeter polyethylene film egative film, these egative films can be liquid-tight, or by using inert filler and mechanical stretching subsequently to produce micropore.
Egative film is preferably gas-pervious, promptly allows water vapour to see through, and more preferably allows air to see through, but should not sacrifice it provides leak protection for the liquid that absorbs main purpose.Egative film can also comprise the ventilative synusia more than one deck, thereby replaces the breathable backsheet of individual layer at least with the synusia of 2 or 3 layers similar and different material.Specifically, two-layer ventilative synusia is a kind of preferred breathable backsheet structure, and it is shaping, the perforated film that has three-dimensional structure that the synusia towards the wearer surface wherein is provided, and another synusia towards the clothing synusia, is the film/nonwoven composites that melts and sprays with spun-bonded fibre.Similar with top flat, egative film can be by transparent or semitransparent material manufacturing, and these materials allow more easily the detection piece of articles for use inside is detected.Similarly, egative film also can be provided with painted filler, is preferably faint yellow or blue.Absorbent article core
Generally, absorbent article core can be single integral body or comprise several synusia.Absorbent article core can comprise following member: (a) selectable first fluid distribution layer, (b) selectable second fluid distribution layer; (c) fluid storage layer; (d) be positioned at the selectable layer of fibers of accumulation layer below; (e) other selectable member.
A first fluid distribution layer
A selectable member according to absorbent article core of the present invention is the first fluid distribution layer.This first fluid distribution layer generally is positioned under the top flat (if present), and can carry out fluid communication with top flat.The first fluid distribution layer receives body fluid, finally to be distributed to accumulation layer.This fluid transmission of carrying out through first distribution layer mainly takes place at thickness direction, but also can distribute along the length and the width of belt lining (thong liner).
Selectable second fluid distribution layer of b
What can select equally according to the present invention is second fluid distribution layer.This second distribution layer generally is positioned at first distribution layer below, and can carry out fluid communication with first distribution layer.The purpose that this second distribution layer is set is, receives fluid at an easy rate from first distribution layer, and before the accumulation layer that it is transferred to lower floor along the vertical and horizontal direction distribution fluid of belt lining.This helps to make the fluid displacement of the accumulation layer of lower floor to be fully utilized.
C fluid storage layer
The fluid storage layer generally be positioned at first or second distribution layer the below, and can carry out fluid communication with it.The fluid storage layer preferably includes, but needs not to be, and is commonly referred to as the super-absorbent gelling materials of " hydrogel ", " superabsorbent material ", " hydrocolloid ".Sucting wet gel material is that those can suck the material that these fluids also form hydrogel thus with aqueous fluid (particularly body fluid) when contacting.These sucting wet gel materials can absorb a large amount of moisture body fluid usually, and can also further preserve these absorbed fluids under the pressure of moderate.In the prior art, these sucting wet gel materials generally are small particles form isolating, non-fibrous particle.But according to the present invention, these super-absorbent gelling materials also can provide with non-particulate form, and preferably the form with fiber provides.If sucting wet gel material is not provided, then accumulation layer can be provided by the disclosed material that generally is used as solid support material hereinafter.
In the fluid storage layer, these sucting wet gel materials can evenly or anisotropically distribute in suitable fibre substrate, and described matrix is also referred to as carrier.Suitable carriers comprises cellulosic fibre, and it can be the form of fine hair (fluff) or thin paper, as being used in the absorbent article core traditionally.Can also use modified cellulose fibre such as vulcanized fiber cellulose fiber or viscose fiber.Can also use synthon, these synthon comprise by cellulose acetate, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinylidene dichloride, acrylic acid or the like (such as dragon difficult to understand), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), insoluble polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide-based (such as nylon), polyester, conjugate fiber, tricomponent fibre, and the mixture of above-mentioned substance etc.The DENIER number of preferred synthon or regenerated fiber is extremely every fibril 25 DENIER of about every fibril 3 DENIER, and more preferably about every fibril 5 DENIER are to every fibril 16 DENIER.Carrier fibre can be provided by careless, spunbond, that melt and spray, wet lapped, air substrate or these shop row (lay down) combinations of method or the combination of these substrates.
Further preferably, fiber surface is hydrophilic or is processed into hydrophilic.Accumulation layer can also comprise such as the filler of perlite, diatomite, vermiculite etc., reduce the problem that bleeds back.And accumulation layer can comprise caking agent, and these caking agents include but not limited to the Latex caking agent, and this caking agent can be sprayed on the accumulation layer surface as aqueous solution before solidifying.
If sucting wet gel material is skewness in fibre substrate, accumulation layer still can be a local uniform, promptly has distribution gradient on one or several direction in the size of accumulation layer.Distribution heterogeneous also comprises the laminated product of the fibrous carrier that has for example wrapped up sucting wet gel material or the sucting wet gel material zone that has different concentration with respect to other zone wherein thus.
If there is sucting wet gel material in accumulation layer, then this layer can comprise 5% to 95% sucting wet gel material, preferably includes 5% to 50%, most preferably comprises 8% to 35% sucting wet gel material.And accumulation layer also can comprise 5% to 95% carrier fibre, preferably comprises 95% to 50%, 92% to 65% carrier fibre most preferably.
Be suitable for herein sucting wet gel material the most water-fast, the most lightly crosslinked, part neutral polymer gel material.These materials have formed hydrogel when contacting with water.These polymer gel materials can be by polymerisable, undersaturated acidiferous monomer preparation.The unsaturated acidiferous monomer that is suitable for preparing the polymerization sucting wet gel material that uses in the present invention comprises the U.S. Pat 4 that those were authorized on March 31st, 1987,654,039 (people such as Brandt) and those materials of in the RE of granted patent again 32,649 on April 19th, 1988, listing.Preferred monomer comprises vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid.Vinylformic acid itself is particularly preferred for preparing the superabsorbent material, and it also has " natural " transparency, though this transparency is not best, this is an acceptable when not being too high in the transparency of needs.
No matter the character of the basic polymerization composition of the polymkeric substance sucting wet gel material of formation hydrogel how, this material generally all is lightly crosslinked.Crosslinkedly be used to make the polymer gel material that forms hydrogel to have water-fast substantially characteristic, and the characteristic of the extractible polymkeric substance of crosslinked volume that has also partly determined gel thus and the hydrogel that forms by these polymer gel materials.Suitable crosslinking agent is known in this area, comprises (for example): those U.S. Pat 4,076,663 of authorizing on February 28th, 1978 people such as () Masuda.Preferred cross-linking agents is: have the unsaturated list of polyvalent alcohol-or polycarboxylic two-or polyester, bisacrylamide and two-or triallylamine.Other preferred cross-linking agents is N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, Viscoat 295 and triallylamine.This linking agent can generally constitute about 0.001 molecular fraction to 5 molecular fraction of the polymer materials of resulting formation hydrogel.More preferably, this linking agent constitutes about 0.01 molecular fraction to 3 molecular fraction of the polymer gel material that forms hydrogel.
Polymer gel material lightly crosslinked, that form hydrogel generally is used with its part neutral form.For the purposes of the present invention, these materials are considered to the part neutral in the following cases, promptly are used to form monomeric at least 25 molecular fractions of polymkeric substance, and preferably at least 50 molecular fractions are the monomers that contained acid group by the salt-forming cation neutral.Suitable moulding positively charged ion comprises the ammonium and the amine of basic metal, ammonium, replacement.For containing the monomeric percentage ratio of acid group, neutral is called as " degree of neutralization " here in the total amount monomer of this employing.
Although these sucting wet gel materials generally are disclosed as and are particle form in the prior art, but in the present invention, sucting wet gel material also can be in non-particulate form, for example such as the macrostructure of fiber, lamella or band, or the form that is suitable for applying, for example before curing or as the part viscous substance.Macrostructure can prepare like this, be about to the particulate state sucting wet gel material and be shaped as aggregate, with suitable crosslinking agent this accumulative material is handled, compress this treated aggregate so that the agglomerate of its compacting and formation cohesion, subsequently the aggregate that compresses is cured (curing) and reacts, thereby form compound, porous moisture absorption macrostructure to impel linking agent and particulate state sucting wet gel material.For example, in the U.S. Pat 5,102,597 (Roe etc.) of authorizing on April 7th, 1992, disclose such porous, moisture absorption macrostructure.
The selectable layer of fibers of d
The selectable member that can be comprised in the absorbent article core according to the present invention is the layer of fibers that generally is positioned at accumulation layer below adjacent with accumulation layer.The layer of fibers of this lower floor generally can provide and the second fluid distribution layer identical functions.
Other selectable member of e
But the selected member that the common meeting that can comprise other according to absorbent article core of the present invention exists in moisture absorption net sheet.For example, can be arranged in each layer, perhaps be arranged between each layer of absorbent article core strengthening yarn (reinforcing scrim).These structures of strengthening yarn can the convection cell transmission not form the interface obstacle, particularly more need so if the situation between each layer of absorbent article core is next.Because the result of heat bonding has given the absorbent structure structural integrity, absorbent structure then of the present invention does not generally need to strengthen yarn.
Another can be included in according in the absorbent article core of the present invention and preferably near the first or second fluid distribution layer setting or as above-mentioned first or the parts of the part of second fluid distribution layer be odor control agent.Generally, selectively added the gac that is coated with other odor control agent or adopted gac and other odor control agent in absorbent article core, particularly suitable odor control agent is a zeolite, silica or clay material.
The physical property of absorbent article core
Absorbent article core generally is inextensible and stiff, but absorbent article core can be endowed elasticity, and also can be manufactured with elastic properties based on the material absorbent article core of selecting.In this article, " extensible " speech is meant that structure can be extended on the direction in power under such as the effect of those external force that take place in using, and perhaps referring to is only providing under the unidirectional ductile situation structure to extend on the direction of a component of power.
In this article, " elasticity " speech is meant that those are returned to the extensible structure of its original state at least in part after the power that causes extension stops to apply.Absorbent article core can be on one or more directions by wrinkling or pleating so that certain extensibility to be provided, can provide elasticity for the structure choice spandex fiber simultaneously.
Preferably, absorbent article core should be very thin.The thickness that it is desirable to absorbent article core preferably less than 3 millimeters, more preferably between 0.8 millimeter and 1.8 millimeters, thereby makes the articles for use that obtain also have lower thickness less than 5 millimeters.Along with top flat or egative film, the material that special hope forms core can be transparent or painted, to allow the observing detection piece state easily.
The pantyliners of blood detection means and the nonrestrictive example of sanitary towel can be set comprise those by Cincinnati, the Procter ﹠amp of Ohio; Gamble Company makes: according to U.S. Pat 4,324, and 246, the ALWAYS  ALLDAYS  pantyliners that has DriWeave  made of US 4,463,045 and US 6,004,893; According to U.S. Pat 4,342,314; 4,463,045; 4,556,146, B1; 4,589,876; 4,687,478; 4,950,265; 5,009,653; The ALWAYS  Ultrathin Slender Maxi of 5,267,992 and RE32, the 649 band flaps of making; ALWAYS  Regular Maxi; The Ultra Maxi of the ALWAYS  of band flap; The ALWAYS  Maxi of band flap; The ALWAYS  Ultra Long Maxi of band flap; The ALWAYS  LongSuper Maxi of band flap; ALWAYS  Overnight Maxi with the band flap.
The nonrestrictive example of interlabial apparatus that blood detection means can be set is in U.S. Pat 5,762,644; 5,885,265; 5,891,126; 5,895,381; 5,916,205; 5,951,537; 5,964,689; 5,968,026; Des.404,814; And Des.413, be described in 669.
The nonrestrictive example that the tampon of blood detection means and applicator can be set is in U.S. Pat 4,726,805; 4,846,802; 4,960,417; 5,087,239; 5,279,541; 5,346,468; 5,348,534; 5,531,674; With 5,566, be described in 435.In addition, blood detection means can also be placed in the tampon that inserts by finger.
Blood detection means
Articles for use of the present invention also comprise at least a transmitter that is used to detect blood.The term that uses among the present invention " transmitter " is defined as a kind of integral part that comprises one or more reaction parts (reactive means), reaction part wherein is applicable to and detects one or more target materials (being also referred to as analyte), molecule (for example for this target material such as microorganism or relevant (biological-), Enzyme sensor, cell organelle sensor, tissus sensor, microbiological sensor, immunosensor and chemistry or electrochemical sensor), this reaction part also has the ability that above-mentioned detection signal is provided for wearer, caregiver or actuator in addition.When mentioning blood here, can certainly use the typical composition of blood, as hemochrome or iron as analyte.Term " reaction " is defined as selectively the ability with described target matter interaction.
The transmitter that existing two classes have different susceptibility: biosensor and chemistry-/electrochemical sensor.Usually, biosensor is by providing a kind of concrete combination and therefore and detection of biological activation analysis thing works.In this way, biosensor is a high selectivity, though when biosensor also be like this when the mixture of many chemistry and biological substance such as vaginal discharge exists.On the other hand, depend on the amplification performance that the electrochemistry of chemical reaction mode and chemical sensor do not have highly selective usually or do not have biosensor, but the reliability height of this transmitter, inexpensive, promptly can be used for daily necessities, and this transmitter is normally in type, is proved to be promptly on human body skin that to use be safe.Target analyte is normally a kind of to comprise a small amount of component in the complex mixture of various biology and other component.Therefore, in the application of many biosensors, need reach umber/1,000,000,000, umber/trillion to the detection of target analyte, or even it is lower.
According to the present invention, the water absorbability sanitary product comprises a blood detection means, and this blood detection means is the chemical composition form of concrete selection.The component of the indication color that this chemical composition reacts when comprising oxidation and oxidisability component, the component of described indication color is selected from gum guaiacum (Gum Guaiac) or tetramethyl benzidine or their combination, and described oxidisability component is selected from superoxide or peracid or its combination.
The oxidisability component need be stable and to the common condition of storage of these class articles for use insensitive warm the and high wet environment of bathroom (for example).If the oxidisability component is a superoxide, then need to carry out the physical-chemical stabilization treatment, for example use cyclodextrin or metal chelator.For peracid, not too need to have found such stabilizing treatment, particularly for preferred epta-phthalyl imino--peroxide-caproic acid.But also wish that the oxidisability component is not by the conventional component in the sanitary product and the humidity of introducing during dressing (for example sweat) or do not have the humidity that the sorption in the vaginal discharge of blood component introduces and activate.Equally, certainly, this requirement also is applicable to color indicator.
Not only every kind of component will have stability, but also must prevent that two kinds of components are precocious or accidental reaction takes place.This can realize that a kind of like this component is applied on the surface of one deck in the sanitary product of the present invention by they are carried out physical sepn, and another component is applied to another surface of this layer.Perhaps, a kind of component can be applied to one deck on the surface of wearer, and with another component be applied to another layer towards on the surface of wearer or on the surface of clothing.Finally, can use a kind of component, thereby be located at the inside of one deck, for example in the inside of center absorbent article core, and another component is positioned on the part surface at least of this layer.Two kinds of components also can alternative is graphic be applied to on one deck, for example are with, point or different shapes.The detection agent component can be arranged in the discontinuous part of layer of surface, perhaps provides (two kinds of components or have only a kind of component) with the obducent form of whole laminar surface.In order to apply better, described component can or a kind of or two kinds all provide with powder, liquid or with the form of the component in the binder blend.
Also may by provide at least a fully and the articles for use component of separating (thereby and another kind of component separate), oxidisability component for example, and for example be spray agent or liquid or powder type, it is being used to be administered to articles for use after the detection effect that provides required.This detection architecture is particularly useful for articles for use of the present invention, these articles for use of the present invention wearing next to the shin and can be rinsed and enter (for example tampon or interlabial product) in the lavatory.This system will solve the stability problem of separated portion, and solve the relevant adjusting problem of the tight contact substance of organ of regenerating with the women.
Color indicator and oxidizing substance all are active in aqueous solution only.Therefore, in case when they are dissolved in the vaginal discharge and are activated by the blood that exists, they will begin reaction.In order to quicken and to promote above-mentioned dissolving, preferably include a kind of surfactant, tensio-active agent for example, preferred nonionic surfactants, or polyoxyethylene glycol or their mixture, preferred polyoxyethylene glycol.The placement of surfactant should make it before liquid reaches two kinds of components, and is earlier wetted.
Particularly preferred composition comprises the combination of epta-phthalyl imino--peroxide-caproic acid and gum guaiacum (Gum Guaiac).Gum guaiacum is a kind of resin, can (mainly be present in Mexico or West India) from pockwood or Guaiacum santum and find.In history, use the correctives (therefore, for a long time by people be used for store) of gum guaiacum, and known gum guaiacum has the existence of indication blood or hemochrome, particularly in ight soil, have the ability of those materials as food.The present invention preferably uses the gum guaiacum wood gum, but can use a kind of or whole active ingredient, and no matter it is natural or manually obtains, and replaces above-mentioned wood gum.The most known active ingredient is methyl catechol (OHC 6H 4OCH 3, CAS 90-05-1), guaiaretic acid (guaiaconic acid) and (furo)-guaiacine.
These components can be used by the mode that applies or spray, and will use with the form of solution but condition is described component.In this case, solvent can or water or organic solvent.Remove this solvent if desired, so such solvent should evaporate in the temperature that is lower than 100 ℃, and is all the more so when particularly comprising water in this solvent.
Additional detection piece
In a particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention, whether articles for use except that the blood detection piece, also comprise other independent activation and the transmitter that independently works and close on the detection menstruation.
Very clear, to the detection of blood, particularly allow menstruation predicted to be considered to have 100% accuracy rate.At first, indicator itself needs only have accuracy highly to detecting blood, that is to say that other material in its reply institute exposed environments is insensitive.On the other hand, susceptibility should be very high, thereby can detect a spot of blood, i.e. identification before can offering an explanation out by vision.Need carry out balance to above-mentioned two terrible aspects of vying each other.
And it is known that the existence of known (diving) blood will close on as the indication menstruation.But injury or pathological condition also can make and have small amounts of blood in the vagina movement.Therefore, need provide sanitary product, the second signal that additional indicator wherein provides the indication menstruation to close on additional indicator.For example, this signal can provide by the pH that changes vaginal discharge in premenstrual several days.In addition or alternatively be also can come the predicted month warp as additional indicator as progesterone or oestrogenic hormon.
PH transmitter most preferably in this article, it also can be used as the color change indicator.The pH transmitter is known, and for example can (Darmstadt Gernmany) buys from Merck ﹠ Co., Inc..In this article, the highly preferred pH transmitter with public's acceptable safety is a cochinilin, and its is used as food dye, but changes in pH4 color in the pH scope between the pH7.Cochinilin is a tricyclic compound, and chemical formula is C 22-H 20-O 13
What no matter use is any additional transmitter, if they provide with the form of multiple color change indicator, preferably they can be provided with respectively, for example in the different zones of articles for use (certainly, they will be exposed in the vaginal discharge like this).Perhaps, they can together provide with the color indicator that blood testing is provided.In this way, color indicator can be used in provides many colors indicative function.
For example, with regard to gum guaiacum (providing color change) to blueness with regard to the pH transmitter that provides red color for example to change, blended color sensor (blue and red) becomes needs into purple for the approximate time that indicative function that high accuracy is provided and menstruation close on.Distinct colors change (as having only blueness or having only redness) will be indicated or be occurred still needing for some time or have the potential health problem (to have only pH to change and can indicate infection to menstruation, but not being must be like this, and only show that blood can indicate wound, but not must be like this).For such change, toilet article packaging can comprise the explanation to the user, tells the user to consider whether the angle assessment of seeing the doctor with from medical science exists any serious health problem (pathological condition).Certainly, color does not change and will illustrate from next menstruation still for some time.
Except that electrochemical sensor, in order to provide additional to blood detection means, the cyclic nature of hormone makes them particularly useful at the state of its cycle period people of understanding in the menstruation circulation (being whole 28 days circulation).Traditionally, this is used to assess fertility, goes predicting ovulation and conceived scope but application according to the present invention has exceeded present use hormone.For example, progesterone can reach peak value and only descends before menstruation then.Oestrogenic hormon also can be just in the menstruation precursor in decline.Therefore, after other predicts that part such as blood testing effect or pH indicative function combine, will make that to any assessment in these two kinds of hormones predicted month is from beginning and existence reliably.The correct time of the peak value of these hormones with and ensuing reduction, making can the pin-point accuracy ground premenstrual time of demonstration.
Only potential shortcoming of this hormone transmitter is relevant with cost and complicacy.Lacking simple visual observation makes them unlikely be used for mass-produced main body articles for use.Therefore, for the predicted month warp, use hormone to detect preferred and blood testing and/or pH detection associating use to improve the accuracy of such forecast system that is complete independent detection system form.
The use of hormone also can other consideration from circulation be put and develop.Ovarian follicle mimic hormone (FSH) about week before ovulation shows a peak value, thereby pregnancy plan comparison lutropin (it shows to have sharp-pointed peak value when ovulating) is assessed the more time in advance.When only relying on the assessment of lutropin, may have the error of two to three day conceived time.Therefore, in the ovulation diagnosis herein, highly preferably remove to measure ovarian follicle mimic hormone and lutropin and oestrogenic hormon.
The ovarian follicle mimic hormone raises and sends the signal that menopause closes near a constant basis.This can be used in plan and treat healthily in the scheme of menopause, in the inspection as hormone replacement therapy, alteration in nutrition and osteoporosis.
Sanitary product of the present invention can be provided with several additional transmitters and detection architecture, for example allows to carry out the indication or the prediction of the problem relevant with personal health.This additional sensor systems is mainly used in the sanitary product, and this sanitary product is used in the nursing situation.Usually, this additional system or biosensor comprise recognition component or molecular recognition elements, and the detection effect to specific analyte is provided.This recognition component also can be biologically-derived material such as enzyme or enzyme sequence; Antibody; Membrane receptor protein; DNA; Organoid, natural or synthetic cell film; Complete or surviving maybe of part can not survive bacterium, plant or zooblast; Or plant or mammiferous tissue fragment, common function is to interact specifically with the target organism analyte.Recognition component is responsible for optionally discriminance analysis thing, and the physical-chemical signal that provides as the output signal basis is provided.
Biosensor can comprise the biosensor and the biological affinity biosensor of biocatalysis.In the embodiment of the biosensor of biocatalysis, biological identification element is " biocatalysis " and can comprise enzyme, organoid, plant or mammiferous tissue fragment or whole cell, it is binding site " upset (turn-over) " (promptly can reuse in testing process) optionally, causes the obvious amplification of input signal.The sensing that as these biocatalysis transmitter, is used for real-time continuous.
The biological affinity transmitter generally is applicable to bacterium, virus and toxin, and comprises chemoreceptor base biosensor and/or immunology transmitter (being immunosensor).Chemoreceptor is the big molectron (macroassembly) of the biomolecules of complexity, the ability of the chemical substance in its environment of organism highly selective sensing that part is determining to survive.Chemoreceptor base biosensor comprises one or more natural or synthetic chemoreceptors, and this chemoreceptor links to each other with the device of existence that the target organism analyte is provided or concentration signal (visual signalling, electrical signal etc.).Chemoreceptor can comprise nerve tract (for example from sense of touch or other sensory nerve tract) complete or part and/or complete or partly natural or synthetic cytolemma.On the other hand, the biological identification element of immunosensor generally is an antibody.Antibody is high degree of specificity, and can directed toward bacteria, virus, microorganism fragment (as cell walls, parasitic ovum or its part etc. of bacterium) and mcroorganism molecule.Suitable antibody can be monoclonal or polyclonal antibody.In a word, the biological affinity biosensor generally is irreversible, because when being exposed to the target organism analyte, the acceptor site of biosensor is saturated.In certain embodiments, can be with the biosensor combination of biocatalysis and biological affinity.Biocatalysis and biological affinity biosensor system are specified in Journal of Chromatography, 510 (1990) 347-354 and Kirk-Othmer Encyclopediaof Chemical Technology, the 4th edition (1992), John Wiley ﹠amp; Sons, NY.
Biosensor of the present invention preferably also can detect the analyte of biologically active, this analyte relate to imminent (promptly, the symptom that may occur in the future) or current body system's property morbid state, the toxin that comprises pathogenic agent bacterium, parasite, virus, fungi such as white candiyeast (Candida albicans), pathogen antigen and/or microorganisms.In addition, biosensor can be target with the analyte of biologically active, described analyte is relevant with imminent or current local health problem, (interleukin 1-α), described problem may occur before the clinical symptom that skin irritation or inflammation occur as stress protein (for example cytokine) and IL-1 α.In preferred embodiments, biosensor plays proactive sensor, before clinical symptom occurring, detects the imminent patient's condition and sends signal to wearer or care-giver.This makes implements prevention or treatment processing to the wearer if having time, and the severity and the time length that can alleviate (if can not stop) symptom widely.In addition, by detecting the existence of target organism analyte in the wearer's body refuse, transmitter can detect residual dirt on the surface that contacts with biosensor such as the skin, and sends appropriate signals.
Signal by single or multiple recognition components produce can convey to wearer or care-giver in visual mode, for example by the appreciable change in color of eyes.Signal can be (for example, the existence of indicating target biological analyte) qualitatively, also can be quantitative (for example, the amount of measurement target biological analyte or concentration).In either event, preferred signals is continuable, is stable in regular hour length promptly and is readable (usually, be the order of magnitude identical with the articles for use usage time interval at least).And only the target organism analyte is higher or lower than a predetermined threshold detects and/or provides signal (for example, when the target organism analyte normally is present in the bodily waste) can also to adopt transmitter.
As mentioned above, the target analyte that adopts biosensor of the present invention to detect is the pathogenic agent microorganism, as with the pathogenic agent microorganism of human intestines and stomach's disease-related, especially those cause the pathogenic agent microorganism of suffering from diarrhoea.Have been found that serious chronic diarrhoea can cause losing weight and the hypoevolutism of permanent health and intelligence.Non-limiting the enumerating of biosensor 60 detectable pathogenic agent bacteriums comprises any following multiple pathogenic agent bacterial strain: colon bacillus (Escherichia coli) (common name intestinal bacteria); Salmonella strain comprises Corynebacterium diphtheriae (S.typhi), paratyphosum Bacterium (S.paratyphi), hog cholera bacillus (S.enteriditis), bacillus typhi murium (S.typhimurium) and salmonella heidelberg (S.heidelberg); The Shigellae strain is as Shigella sonnei (Shigella sonnei), shigella flexneri (Shigellaflexneri), Shigella bogdii (Shigella boydii) and shigella dysenteriae (Shigelladysenteriae); Vibrio cholerae (Vibrio cholerae); Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mycobacteriumtuberculosis); Yersinia entero-colitica (Yersinia enterocolitica); Aeromonas hydrophila (Aeromonas hydrophila); Plesiomonas shigelloides (Plesiomonas shigelloides); Campylobacter bacterial strain (Campylobacter strains) is as campylobacter jejuni moral Lai Shi subspecies (C.jejuni) and large intestine Campylobacter (C.coli); Bacteroides fragilis (Bacteroides fragilis); And strains of clostridium (Clostridia strains), comprise the clostridium that relieves internal heat (C.septicum), clostridium perfringens (C.perfringens), Clostridium botulinum (C.botulinum) and clostridium difficile (C.diffcile).The commercial available non-limiting example that is suitable for detecting colibacillary biosensor derives from AndCare, Inc. (Durham, test kit #4001 NC).ABTECH, Scientific, Inc. (Yardley, PA) " the biotransformation device of bioanalysis " that provides, obtain with model BB Au-1050.5-FD-X, this transmodulator can be fixed to polypeptide, enzyme, antibody or dna fragmentation on its surface by the mode with covalent linkage, and shows biologic specificity (to microorganism described herein or other target organism analyte).The microorganism biological transmitter that other is suitable is seen U.S. Pat 5869272 (gram negative organism), 5795717 (Shigellae (Shigella)), 5830341,5795453,5354661,5783399,5840488,5827651,5723330 and 5496700.
The target analyte that biosensor of the present invention is suitable for detecting can also be a virus.These viruses can comprise virus such as the rotavirus that causes diarrhoea, or other virus is as rhinovirus (rhinovirus) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).Be suitable for detecting the exemplary biosensor of HIV, see top U.S. Pat incorporated by reference 5830341 and 5795453.
In alternative embodiment, the target analyte that biosensor of the present invention is suitable for detecting can also be a parasite, and particularly those some particular moments in its life cycle inhabit GI parasite.These parasites can comprise protozoon, worm and other gastrointestinal parasite.Detectable parasitic other example comprises Entamoeba histolytica (it causes amebic dysentery), trypana cruzi (it causes South American trypanosomiasis) and plasmodium falciparum.
In an other embodiment, the target analyte that biosensor of the present invention is suitable for detecting can be a fungi, as white candiyeast (Candida albicans).Except that the pathogenic agent bacterium, can also detect and/or measure some useful colon bacterium such as bifidus bacillus (Bifidobacteria) and lactic bacilli strains (Lactobacillus strains) as healthy mark.
The target analyte that biosensor of the present invention is suitable for detecting can also be protein or the antigen relevant with dermatodynia.Preferably, these analytes can or be positioned at skin surface on skin surface and detect, and can detect before being preferably in the clinical observable chafing of appearance.These analytes can comprise that stress protein such as cytokine, histamine and other immune response factor comprise interleukin-(as IL-1 α, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4 and IL-8) and Interferon, rabbit (comprising Interferon, rabbit a and g).Moreover, preferably before clinical observable rubescent, inflammation or dermatitis occurring, can detect these analytes by enough biosensors 60.In addition, biosensor of the present invention can also be suitable for detecting and chafing (as diaper rash) involved enzyme or other biotic factor, comprises trypsinase, Quimotrase and lipase.
Biosensor of the present invention can also comprise biological recognition system, comprises enzyme or conjugated protein as being fixed on the antibody on the physical-chemical transducer face.For example, by the antibody of biosensor, can detect specific bacterial isolates with the described bacterial isolates of antagonism.Perhaps, can detect target bacteria by biological identification element (comprising antibody and synthetic or natural molecular receptor), described biological identification element has specificity to the toxin that extracellular products such as this bacterial strain (for example E.coli) of target bacteria produced.The exemplary enzyme electrodes that can be used for detecting phenol (as the phenol in urine or the ight soil) comprises electrode or the polyphenoloxidase enzyme electrodes based on tyrosine oxidase, see that respectively the exercise question of authorizing people such as Joseph Wang on October 14th, 1997 is for the U.S. Pat 5676820 of " long-range electrochemical sensor (Remote Electrochemical Sensor) " with authorized the U.S. Pat 5091299 of people's such as Anthony P.F.Tumer exercise question for " enzyme electrodes that uses in the organic solvent (An Enzyme Electrode For Use In Organic Solvents) " on February 25th, 1992.
In any aforesaid example, concrete microorganism can directly be detected, also can be by going out described concrete microorganism in conjunction with this organism being had toxin, enzyme or other protein detection that specific organism or antibody (as monoclonal antibody) produced.Be suitable for detecting the exemplary biosensor of proteolytic ferment, see U.S. Pat 5607567; Be suitable for detecting the exemplary biosensor of toxin, see U.S. Pat 5496452,5521101 and 5567301.
Biosensor of the present invention can comprise one or more " proactive sensors " (" proactivesensor ").This is specially adapted to detect the embodiment of target organism activation analysis thing before clinical observable healthy symptom occurring.The term " proactive sensor " that is used for herein is meant such transmitter, this transmitter can detect variation or the signal (i.e. input) in (being skin) on the wearer's body or the movement, and directly relate to or at least with will take place or potential is healthy or even the appearance of the incident relevant with skin be associated.Proactive sensor can respond one or more above-mentioned concrete inputs.
Proactive sensor can detect imminent incident, also can detect such parameter, this parameter directly relate to or at least with will event, particularly system or skin health event or situation (being the appearance of clinical observable sign or symptom) is associated.Will event can comprise diarrhoea property disease, skin irritation or fash (comprising moniliosis) by what proactive sensor of the present invention can detect or predict, and/or other disease type or the disease condition of wearer, as parasitic infestation.Detected biological analyte can be a step or a multistep that removes from the clinical symptom that reality occurs.For example, biosensor can detect the potential tendency of above-mentioned condition (for example, the ight soil dirt on the skin may be prior to the eliciting of stress protein, and eliciting of stress protein may be prior to clinical observable chafing).The parameter relevant with incident is any measurable input signal such as the input of above-named one or more potential signals, being associated of the incident that this measurable input signal (i.e. the signal that is caused by bodily waste or wearer) and reference system scope are interior.In order to predict an incident, the proactive sensor in the articles for use can be measured one or more different inputs.For example, proactive sensor can be monitored residual colon bacterium (promptly detecting residual dirt) on white candiyeast in the vaginal discharge and the skin, and the two all is the signals that exist prior to chafing.
Do not produce in the biosensor embodiment of easy observable signal (as change in color) at biological identification element, biosensor can comprise a transmodulator that is connected with biological identification element, so that will become the operable signal of integral part (as actuator) of wearer, care-giver or articles for use from the physical chemistry signal transition of biological recognition component.Exemplary transmodulator can comprise chemotron known in the art (comprise electromotive force, electric current lead transmodulator with electricity), optical converter (comprising fluorescence, noclilucence, total internal reflection resonance and (surface plasmon resonance)), thermoconverter and acoustic transducer.Power supply as miniature 3 volts of watch cells or printing film lithium cell, can be linked to each other with biosensor, so that any required power to be provided.
Embodiment
As an example, an indication that has the pantyliners of blood detection means and indicated different women's menstruation to close on is set on the pantyliners.This pantyliners is the pantyliners of a routine, has a top flat and the secondary top flat between top flat and core, sandwich layer and as the polyethylene film of egative film.
Blood detection means comprises two components, and first component is as the 0.2 gram polyoxyethylene glycol of carrier and the composition of the surface active composition with 0.04 gram epta-phthalyl imino--peroxide-caproic acid.Second component is as the 0.2 gram polyoxyethylene glycol of carrier and the composition of the surface active composition with 0.02 gram gum guaiacum.First component is the bar of 20 mm wides, 130 millimeters long sprawling on the clothing surface of secondary top flat layer.Second component is the bar of 20 mm wides, 130 millimeters long sprawling on the clothing surface of absorbent article core.
Perhaps, the blood testing bar of buying is inserted between the top flat and egative film of the pantyliners that as above exemplifies, have acceptable result.The Chroma 6 that such regulations are buied from Menarini Company (Florence Italy) in this way TM, from KDK Corporation (Kyoto, the Arkray AutionSticks that Japan) buys TMIn another alternative plan, use the pH indicator strips in the mode identical with the blood testing bar, obtain acceptable result again.Such pH indicator strips can be buied from Merck ﹠ Co., Inc. mentioned above, is Spezial Indikator, model 109542.

Claims (8)

1. moisture absorption sanitary product that is used for a certain amount of blood that is deposited on the vaginal discharge on the moisture absorption sanitary product being carried out blood testing by vision, wherein said a certain amount of blood can not be offered an explanation by vision, described articles for use are laminate structures, every layer all has towards the surface of wearer with towards the surface of clothing, and described articles for use comprise:
-described articles for use towards the lip-deep liquid top flat of wearer,
-described articles for use towards the lip-deep liquid barrier egative film of clothing,
-be clipped in the absorbent article core between described liquid top flat and the described liquid barrier egative film,
Described articles for use also comprise a blood detection means, and described blood detection means is a chemical composition, and described composition comprises first component that is selected from superoxide or peracid or its combination and is selected from gum guaiacum or second component of tetramethyl benzidine or its combination.
2. according to the articles for use of claim 1, it is characterized in that described composition also comprises the surface active composition as solvating agent, preferred polyoxyethylene glycol.
3. according to the articles for use of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that described first component is epta-phthalyl imino--peroxide-caproic acid, described second component is a gum guaiacum.
4. according to the articles for use of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that described first and described second component in described absorbent article, separate, preferred a kind of component be arranged on one deck on the clothing surface, and another component be arranged on the second layer towards on the clothing surface or a kind of component be arranged on described core on the wearer surface and another component be arranged on another layer on the clothing surface.
5. according to the articles for use of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that described composition is applied on the described articles for use with liquid form, be preferably the form of the solution in organic carrier or water, described organic carrier can with composition by spraying or coating method is used under the temperature that the back be lower than 100 ℃ and evaporated.
6. according to the articles for use of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that described articles for use are thickness less than 3 millimeters pantyliners.
7. articles for use according to claim 6 is characterized in that described pantyliners has usually triangular shapedly to be worn in the linear connection underwear being suitable for.
8. according to the articles for use of aforementioned each claim, it is characterized in that described articles for use also comprise additional biological-chemical or the electronics-chemistry or the chemical detection part of the physiological change in the vaginal discharge that is suitable for detecting after the absorption, this detection piece is the indicator that menstruation closes on, and preferred described additional detection piece comprises pH indicator or progesterone hormone indicator or oestrogenic hormon hormone indicator or their combination.
CN 00806779 1999-04-26 2000-04-26 Feminine sanitary disposable article having a blood detection means as sensor Pending CN1348501A (en)

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US09/299,399 US6713660B1 (en) 1998-06-29 1999-04-26 Disposable article having a biosensor
US09/299,399 1999-04-26
US51748100A 2000-03-02 2000-03-02
US51744100A 2000-03-02 2000-03-02
US09/517,481 2000-03-02
US09/517,441 2000-03-02

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