CN1331318C - Self-trapping protection and debugging equipment for communication system - Google Patents
Self-trapping protection and debugging equipment for communication system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1331318C CN1331318C CNB021365628A CN02136562A CN1331318C CN 1331318 C CN1331318 C CN 1331318C CN B021365628 A CNB021365628 A CN B021365628A CN 02136562 A CN02136562 A CN 02136562A CN 1331318 C CN1331318 C CN 1331318C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- unit
- module
- exception
- test point
- processor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Debugging And Monitoring (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to self-trapping protection and debugging equipment for communication systems. A system control module of a main processor of a communication system is provided with an exception treating module for supporting the functions of a system processor such as exception detection, exception treatment, exception recovery, exception strategy control, exception information storage, etc. Each application program module is provided with a detection point unit used for supporting the exception detection and the exception recovery. A system can better work under the condition that the normal running load of the system does not exceed 70% through the present invention. Moreover, no any influence is performed on the switch of spare modules of the system. The present invention has important significance for the debugging of the system and the discovery of latent errors. Simultaneously, in the process of long-term running of the system, corresponding debugging methods can also be found for a plurality of problems which are not easy to find at ordinary time. When errors which are not easy to find occur, automatic recovery can be carried out according to strategies which are defined in advance for reducing the service interrupt time ratio of the whole system.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of be used for communication system based on self-trapping protection and debugging apparatus
(2) background technology
The design of existing communication system all is based on commercial development platform, and these commercial development platforms generally only provide some relevant information that report an error with platform to the abnormal conditions in the various systems.Though should can provide convenience for fault detect, recovery and the fault debugging diagnosis etc. of system platform by the commercialization platform; but rely on this dot information to be difficult to the bug in the large-scale control system (mistake); especially OS (operating system) and application level bug (mistake) position analysis, debugging; therefore the relevant wrong uncontrollable situation of non-platform usually can appear; and such mistake is difficult to avoid in the system of reality, and is especially all the more so for the communication system of large-scale complexity.In addition; the general OS with high reliability protection mechanism (operating system); though can satisfy Hot Spare, restart the needs of system protection functions such as recovery; but just because of this versatility; protection load is excessive when inevitably having brought system's operate as normal, the shortcoming that recovery time is long, and this is for the communication system that real-time is had relatively high expectations of special use; seem comparatively heavy, or even do not satisfy needs.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of be used for communication system based on self-trapping protection and debugging apparatus; thereby improve the self-monitoring ability and the fault recovery function of system; when breaking down, system can take corresponding measure according to different situations; loss is reduced to minimum, and can also be that exploitation, attendant provide the error message of more practicalities.
Provided by the present invention a kind of be used for communication system based on self-trapping protection and debugging apparatus, system control module and some application program modules based on this communication system primary processor, it is characterized in that: it comprises an abnormality processing module that links to each other with the system control module of primary processor, the test point unit that several are provided with in each application program module one by one, described abnormality processing module is by abnormality detection and analytic unit, self-trapping unit, the heartbeat detection unit, abnormal information is preserved the unit and is formed with the interface unit that described each unit links to each other respectively, wherein: interface unit, finish the reception of system control command and returning of result, the report that unit issue an order of corresponding test point and reception test point send to the abnormality processing module in the application programs module; The heartbeat detection unit, the system that is based on regularly or based on the processor hardware feature is satisfying under the situation of trigger condition, initiatively check the state of each task module in the associative processor, and the keystone resources in the auditing system, as memory source, timer resource, resource contention deadlock; Self-trapping unit is after processor satisfies the condition of setting, and stops all the other task executions, enters a kind of trap state of safe mode, waits for the intervention of manmachine command, also can finish the storage and the system restoration of abnormal information under this state; Or after entering trap state, finish the task of regulation, this assignment of mission comprises the preservation abnormal information, again according to system strategy, recovers automatically or the execution reset operation; Abnormality detection and analytic unit, be according to the predefined strategy of system, collect the abnormality detection information of each application task and analyze, obtain the input of heartbeat detection unit after, after carrying out analysis-by-synthesis again, turn in a report to system control module, thereby to system or processor issue an order; After it receives the error detection and task warning of each application program module,, make the operation decision according to the grade of the wrong order of severity of setting; And abnormal information preservation unit, finish the preservation of abnormal information, this abnormal information comprises the field data when makeing mistakes; Again: described test point unit, be used for finishing all key messages and the anomalous event of collecting described application program module, and carry out automatic inspection according to strategy, determining whether this application program module is in normal condition, and report to the abnormality processing module.
Adopt above-mentioned technical solution, on the system control module of the primary processor of communication system, be connected with an abnormality processing module, and in a plurality of application program modules, designed unit, corresponding checkpoint, make under system's normal running load is no more than 70% situation, system works fine, and without any influence,, be significant for the debugging of system and the discovery of latent fault for the switching of backup module in the system.Simultaneously, system is in the long-time running process, and some ND at ordinary times problems also can find corresponding debugging method; When these ND mistakes take place, can also recover automatically according to the strategy of predefined, to reduce the break in service time ratio of whole system.
(4) description of drawings
The present invention is based on the structured flowchart of self-trapping protection and debugging apparatus.
(5) embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is provided with an abnormality processing module 1 in the driver of communication system primary processor and application layer, with functions such as the abnormality detection of back-up system processor, abnormality processing, abnormal restoring, unusual policy control, abnormal information storages; In each application program module 4, be provided with a test point unit 2, be used to support abnormality detection and abnormal restoring.Finish the protection of systems soft ware jointly by test point unit 2, system control module 3 in abnormality processing module 1, the application program module; and by the cooperation of modules such as external debug environment; finishing the debugging of software systems, thereby reduce system service fault time, improve stability.
Abnormality processing module 1 is preserved unit 14 by interface unit 15, abnormality detection and analytic unit 12, self-trapping unit 13, heartbeat detection unit 11, abnormal information and is formed.Wherein:
Interface unit 15 is finished the reception of system control command and returning of result, the report that 2 issue an orders of corresponding test point unit and reception test point send to the abnormality processing module in the application programs module 4;
Heartbeat detection unit 11, the system that is based on regularly or based on the processor hardware feature is satisfying under the situation of trigger condition, initiatively check the state of each task module in the associative processor, and the keystone resources in the auditing system, as memory source, timer resource, resource contention deadlock;
Self-trapping unit 13 is after processor meets some requirements, and stops all the other task executions, enters a kind of trap state of safe mode, waits for the intervention of manmachine command, also can finish the storage and the system restoration of abnormal information under this state; Or after entering trap state, finish necessary task, after preserving abnormal information,, recover automatically or the execution reset operation again according to system strategy.The condition that system enters self-trapping software is static or dynamically arrange by abnormal module, such as be that certain other gross error of level takes place, what mistake generations with condition setting;
Abnormality detection and analytic unit 12, be according to the predefined strategy of system, collect the abnormality detection information of each application task and analyze, obtain the input of heartbeat detection unit 11 after, after carrying out analysis-by-synthesis again, turn in a report to system control module 3, thereby to system or processor issue an order.After it received that the error detection of each application program module and task are reported to the police, mainly according to the order of severity of mistake, which kind of operation decision need carry out, as reporting to the police to system-level master control or this module being resetted and restarts;
Abnormal information is preserved unit 14, is the strategy according to system definition, finishes the preservation of abnormal information, the field data when particularly makeing mistakes, and be to be kept at flash memory or some is partly wiped in the quick storage device, in order to investigating further of system exception problem.
Test point unit 2 is arranged in application program module, with abnormality processing module 1 together, finishes the protection that is absorbed in of system jointly.All key messages and the anomalous event of collecting in this application program module 4 mainly finished in this unit, and carry out automatic inspection according to certain strategy, to determine whether this application program module 4 is in normal condition, if undesired, also needs to report to abnormality processing module 1.For normal state, also be to carry out regularly or the report of non-timed according to certain strategy.
In addition, in large-scale communication system, system control module 3 is arranged all generally, it is responsible for receiving the report of abnormality processing module 1, determines the abnormality processing strategy, and according to strategy relevant information is submitted to control and monitor console; And the order that receives control and monitor console, and be transmitted to corresponding Executive Module; Also carry out the control of whole system etc.
The present invention has formed a systems soft ware with safeguard protection under the common cooperation of abnormality processing module 1, system control module 3, some application program modules 4 and its test point module 2; And can be under the cooperation of system's outer monitoring platform and its debugging software, finished the debugging of systems soft ware, particularly system site environment recording of information and the debugging under critical condition, reset mode, deadlock and the illegal state that is difficult to expect jointly.
The present invention is based on self-trapping protection and debugging apparatus and be used for the environment of WCDMA NodeB (wide-band CDMA base station), wherein: entire environment has comprised a complete NodeB (base station) system and monitoring debugger.In NodeB (base station) system, block system control single-deck and a Business Processing single-deck have been comprised, a MPC860 (a kind of processor chips that U.S. Motorola Inc. produces) processor is all arranged on each single-deck, link to each other by industrial bus between the single-deck, can real time interaction information.Link to each other by Ethernet between system and the control and monitor console, and link on the processor of control single-deck.
Except original control and logic task module, increased an abnormality processing module 1 on the primary processor.Original a plurality of application tasks on the operational processor, we in Iub (interface between base station and the base station controller) interface signaling Processing tasks, OAMAgent task respectively the particular content according to its task increased test point unit 2, test point unit 2 will shift according to task status, mistake takes place to produce report, send to abnormality processing module 1.Test point unit 2 and abnormality processing module 1 are finished the protection that is absorbed in of system together jointly, have two to collect relevant key issue in test point here: to collect what information (being the content of test point) and how to go to collect these information.Can provide the strategy of multiple enforcement for these two key issues, in native system, adopt following strategy.Problem for what information of collection (being the content of test point), in system, adopted the strategy of " the test point function that application process is relevant ", be different application tasks, design different test points respectively according to its function and importance different and collected function, rather than all tasks are adopted the internal memory store method of systems, can under the prerequisite that increases minimum load to system, finish the collection and the storage of required application state data like this, can obtain important status data before the fault when fault effects system or plank need be restarted thereby be supported in.How for the problem of going to collect these information, method is as follows: have a priority higher detection point collection/recovery module in system, regularly pass through a transmission test point request (being put into the process message queue heads) in the message queue of all processes, has the unique test point sign of the overall situation (old test point sign adds 1), after process receives the test point request, one " test point of preparation " is set, time-out is mutual with other processes, and return the test point collection to the test point collection module and reply, collect the response message of all processes when the test point collection module, send out test point to all processes and submit message (being put into the process message queue heads) to, this moment, process substituted old test point with " test point of preparation ", and continue with other processes between alternately.After test point sets, the historical record of all " decisive factor " before the removing test point (promptly all signs are less than the history of checkpoint sign), and write down the message of new " decisive factor " each process reception and the content of transmission message.When certain process detects wrong the generation, must return to a nearest test point, re-execute the historical record of " decisive factor ", get back to the wrong preceding state that takes place.
Comprised five sub-unit modules in the abnormality processing module 1: heartbeat detection unit 11, abnormality detection and analytic unit 12, self-trapping unit 13, abnormal information are preserved unit 14, interface unit 15 etc.Heartbeat detection unit 11 carries out the timing monitoring, to find primary processor and from the memory source problem of processor, if produce unusual, then report to abnormality processing module 1, here the strategy that relates to heartbeat detection, ours is tactful as follows: because the inside of each task of communication software all is cycle detection message, processing messages, therefore the detection of task run situation is adopted the mode of message-driven, promptly regularly send heartbeat message to each task, if the several detection module is not received and is replied continuously, can think that then this task enters endless loop, need the notification error processing module to handle judging whether and break down.The simultaneous faults detection module also can regularly carry out verification and calculating to each code segment of executing the task, and prevents that the code segment that misoperation is caused from changing. Interface unit 15 is finished abnormality processing module 1 in the primary processor and extraneous communicating by letter, comprise with control desk, test point unit 2 between communicate by letter; There are call relation in abnormal information preservation unit 14 and abnormality detection and analytic unit 12 and 13 of self-trapping unit, to finish the mutual of information necessary between abnormality detection and analytic unit 12 and self-trapping unit 13 and flash memory; 13 of self-trapping unit are designed to real pattern, after gross error has taken place in system, produce one and interrupt 0, thereby be trapped in the whole procedure work of carrying out some debugging, recover and reset.12 of abnormality detection and analytic units are responsible for receiving all exception reportings and the order of control desk, and produce corresponding order.Abnormality processing module 1 and test point unit 2 are finished the protection that is absorbed in of system together jointly; the test point information that abnormality processing module 1 is collected from test point unit 2 is the critical data information and the abnormal information of the corresponding task of each process; behind certain hour (can be other condition), these information will be stored in the nonvolatile memory as flash memory, disk etc.When the decision of fault processing module recovers with certain process system, also will finish jointly by abnormality processing module 1 and test point unit 2.The module of makeing mistakes adopts the mode of classification to the processing of each error message, the task of needing fully to restart is needed earlier it to be gone out clearly from internal memory, then from ROM (read-only memory) the new executable code of packing into, only need recover the data that test point preserves to general mistake and get final product.Control desk links to each other with primary processor outside the system in addition, and its human-computer interaction function that provides can directly send to control command abnormality processing module 1, and the information on the abnormality processing module 1 also can send on the control desk.
In system when operation,, the OAMAgent application program takes place general when unusual, and application program can send to information in the abnormality processing module 1 by test point unit 2, and 1 order of abnormality processing module OAMAgent application program switches to preceding state; When heartbeat detection unit 11 detects a gross mistake, it will notify abnormality processing module 1, and can record in the flash memory; State, the system that control desk can order certain application program to reset, get back to the front by order enters and is absorbed in debugging mode, checks the abnormal information in the flash memory etc.
Claims (1)
- One kind be used for communication system based on self-trapping protection and debugging apparatus; system control module and some application program modules based on this communication system primary processor; it is characterized in that: it comprises an abnormality processing module that links to each other with the system control module of primary processor, several test point unit that are provided with one by one in each application program moduleDescribed abnormality processing module is preserved the unit and is formed with the interface unit that described each unit links to each other respectively with analytic unit, self-trapping unit, heartbeat detection unit, abnormal information by abnormality detection, wherein:Interface unit is finished the reception of system control command and returning of result, the report that unit issue an order of corresponding test point and reception test point send to the abnormality processing module in the application programs module;The heartbeat detection unit, the system that is based on regularly or based on the processor hardware feature is satisfying under the situation of trigger condition, initiatively check the state of each task module in the associative processor, and the keystone resources in the auditing system, comprise memory source, timer resource, resource contention deadlock;Self-trapping unit is after processor satisfies the condition of setting, and stops all the other task executions, enters a kind of trap state of safe mode, waits for the intervention of manmachine command, also can finish the storage and the system restoration of abnormal information under this state; Or after entering trap state, finish the task of regulation, this assignment of mission comprises the preservation abnormal information, again according to system strategy, recovers automatically or the execution reset operation;Abnormality detection and analytic unit, be according to the predefined strategy of system, collect the abnormality detection information of each application task and analyze, obtain the input of heartbeat detection unit after, after carrying out analysis-by-synthesis again, turn in a report to system control module, thereby to system or processor issue an order; After it receives the error detection and task warning of each application program module,, make the operation decision according to the grade of the wrong order of severity of setting; AndAbnormal information is preserved the unit, finishes the preservation of abnormal information, and this abnormal information comprises the field data when makeing mistakes; Again:Described test point unit, be used for finishing all key messages and the anomalous event of collecting described application program module, and carry out automatic inspection according to strategy, determining whether this application program module is in normal condition, and report to the abnormality processing module.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021365628A CN1331318C (en) | 2002-08-19 | 2002-08-19 | Self-trapping protection and debugging equipment for communication system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021365628A CN1331318C (en) | 2002-08-19 | 2002-08-19 | Self-trapping protection and debugging equipment for communication system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1477801A CN1477801A (en) | 2004-02-25 |
| CN1331318C true CN1331318C (en) | 2007-08-08 |
Family
ID=34146541
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021365628A Expired - Lifetime CN1331318C (en) | 2002-08-19 | 2002-08-19 | Self-trapping protection and debugging equipment for communication system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1331318C (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7213177B2 (en) * | 2004-03-14 | 2007-05-01 | Benq Corporation | Method for detecting and eliminating errors in application data of an electronic device |
| US7698552B2 (en) | 2004-06-03 | 2010-04-13 | Intel Corporation | Launching a secure kernel in a multiprocessor system |
| JP2006285453A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Information processor, information processing method, and information processing program |
| US7523352B2 (en) | 2005-09-09 | 2009-04-21 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and method for examining remote systems and gathering debug data in real time |
| CN101166124B (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2010-10-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Detection and processing method for micro engine operation exception of network processor |
| CN101106548B (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2010-06-16 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Device and method for realizing storage and disaster tolerance in multimedia message service system |
| CN101145992B (en) * | 2007-09-11 | 2010-08-18 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Single board task exception detection method and system |
| CN103279326A (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2013-09-04 | 上海高性能集成电路设计中心 | Microprocessor data flow address matching self-trapping device used for software debugging |
| CN102547665A (en) * | 2011-01-04 | 2012-07-04 | 中国移动通信有限公司 | Communication processing method and communication processing device |
| CN103118359A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-05-22 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Implement method and device of self-healing of base station equipment |
| CN102662784A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-09-12 | 北京华夏电通科技股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for repairing faults of built-in system |
| US10571869B2 (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2020-02-25 | Xiaomi Inc. | Systems for mode switching in an appliance |
| CN104483867A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-04-01 | 小米科技有限责任公司 | Mode switching method and device |
| CN104536966B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2018-01-12 | 广州华多网络科技有限公司 | Data uploading method, data receiver method, client and server |
| CN105450466B (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2018-11-02 | 浪潮(北京)电子信息产业有限公司 | A kind of ICMP request messages keep-alive control method and system |
| CN107517472B (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2021-04-06 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Method for protecting state of base station and base station |
| CN109962828B (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2023-02-10 | 辰芯科技有限公司 | Device and method for secure communication |
| CN110659147B (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Self-repairing method and system based on module self-checking behavior |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20010037016A (en) * | 1999-10-13 | 2001-05-07 | 박종섭 | Remote integration field debugging control method of mobile communication system |
| US6253224B1 (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 2001-06-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and system for providing a hardware machine function in a protected virtual machine |
-
2002
- 2002-08-19 CN CNB021365628A patent/CN1331318C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6253224B1 (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 2001-06-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and system for providing a hardware machine function in a protected virtual machine |
| KR20010037016A (en) * | 1999-10-13 | 2001-05-07 | 박종섭 | Remote integration field debugging control method of mobile communication system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1477801A (en) | 2004-02-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1331318C (en) | Self-trapping protection and debugging equipment for communication system | |
| US5948112A (en) | Method and apparatus for recovering from software faults | |
| CN102364448B (en) | Fault-tolerant method for computer fault management system | |
| CN106789306B (en) | Method and system for detecting, collecting and recovering software fault of communication equipment | |
| CN111352338B (en) | Dual-redundancy flight control computer and redundancy management method | |
| KR20190079809A (en) | Fault injection test apparatus and method for the same | |
| EP1703401A2 (en) | Information processing apparatus and control method therefor | |
| JP2001350651A (en) | Method for isolating failure state | |
| CN101634959A (en) | Dual redundant fault-tolerant system based on embedded type CPU, | |
| CN101373450B (en) | Method and system for processing CPU abnormity | |
| CN117389790B (en) | Firmware detection system, method, storage medium and server capable of recovering faults | |
| CN109358982B (en) | Hard disk self-healing device and method and hard disk | |
| CN102662787A (en) | Method for protecting system disk RAID (redundant array of independent disks) | |
| EP0125797B1 (en) | Interrupt signal handling apparatus | |
| JP2956849B2 (en) | Data processing system | |
| CN100369009C (en) | Monitor system and method capable of using interrupt signal of system management | |
| CN105677515A (en) | Online backup method and system for database | |
| CN105391575A (en) | Treasury control method and system | |
| JPH0736721A (en) | Control system for multiplex computer system | |
| JP2015106226A (en) | Dual system | |
| CN113868000B (en) | Link fault repairing method, system and related components | |
| JP2559771B2 (en) | Line logging automatic stop control method | |
| JP2716537B2 (en) | Down monitoring processing method in complex system | |
| CN117555719A (en) | Method and device for locating system abnormality, storage medium and electronic equipment | |
| Sollom | Cray’s node health checker: an overview |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee |
Owner name: SHANGHAI ALCATEL-LUCENT CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER NAME: BEIER AERKATE CO., LTD., SHANGHAI Owner name: BEIER AERKATE CO., LTD., SHANGHAI Free format text: FORMER NAME: BELL CO.,LTD., SHANGHAI |
|
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: 201206 Pudong New Area Jinqiao Export Processing Zone, Nanjing Road, No. 388, Shanghai Patentee after: ALCATEL-LUCENT SHANGHAI BELL Co.,Ltd. Address before: 201206 Pudong New Area Jinqiao Export Processing Zone, Nanjing Road, No. 388, Shanghai Patentee before: Shanghai Bell Alcatel Co.,Ltd. Address after: 201206 Pudong New Area Jinqiao Export Processing Zone, Nanjing Road, No. 388, Shanghai Patentee after: Shanghai Bell Alcatel Co.,Ltd. Address before: 201206 Pudong New Area Jinqiao Export Processing Zone, Nanjing Road, No. 388, Shanghai Patentee before: Shanghai Bell Co.,Ltd. |
|
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: 201206 Pudong New Area Jinqiao Export Processing Zone, Nanjing Road, No. 388, Shanghai Patentee after: NOKIA SHANGHAI BELL Co.,Ltd. Address before: 201206 Pudong New Area Jinqiao Export Processing Zone, Nanjing Road, No. 388, Shanghai Patentee before: ALCATEL-LUCENT SHANGHAI BELL Co.,Ltd. |
|
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20070808 |