CN1329715C - Probe of airborne multi wave section bidirection atmosphere radiation detecting instrument - Google Patents
Probe of airborne multi wave section bidirection atmosphere radiation detecting instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN1329715C CN1329715C CNB2004100657984A CN200410065798A CN1329715C CN 1329715 C CN1329715 C CN 1329715C CN B2004100657984 A CNB2004100657984 A CN B2004100657984A CN 200410065798 A CN200410065798 A CN 200410065798A CN 1329715 C CN1329715 C CN 1329715C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a probe for airborne multiband bidirectional atmospheric emission detectors. The probe is characterized in that a rigid member is provided with three mutually-paralleled vertical channels and three mutually-paralleled strabismus channels, and each vertical channel and each strabismus channel is neighbored with each other at an included angle of 55 degrees to form a group of spectrum channels; a lens, an optical filter, an optical diaphragm and a photo diode detector are arranged in the optical path of each channel; the spectral bands of the optical filters of two groups of atmospheric optical spectrum channels respectively are 550 nanometers and 670 nanometers, and the spectral bandwidths are 20 nanometers; the spectral band of the optical filters of another group of ground background spectrum channels is 1640 nanometers, and the spectral bandwidth is 40 nanometers. The present invention adopts dual-angular observation, and aims to obtain the radiation quantities at two angles of atmospheric propagation; the dependence of space inversion aerosol on ground reflectivity knowledge can be shaken off by means of the combination of the two kinds of radiation quantities, and the terrain adaptability of the space-to-ground atmospheric inversion technique is greatly increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical electron and measure, specifically is a kind of airborne multi wave section bidirection atmosphere radiation detecting instrument.
Background technology
At the quantification remote sensing initial stage, people attempt to get around atmospheric correction problem (Tucker by vegetation index (NDVI), 1979), although in fact it has also obviously reduced influence (the Kaufrnan and Tanr é of atmosphere really, 1992), but the remote sensing product that it can provide is single, and effect is subjected to the restriction in region and season.
Improve the effect of satellite data, it is impossible getting around the atmospheric correction problem, so, utilize radiation delivery to calculate the research of directly carrying out atmospheric correction and obtain general development (Moran et al., 1992).This method has fundamentally solved the problem of various remote sensing product atmospheric corrections.Yet, it is with good conditionsi that this method is used, Here it is, and calibration result depends on the precision of input atmospheric parameter in the inverse model strongly, these parameters comprise aerosol optical depth, spectrum distribution, refractive index and moisture content, ozone content etc., therefore can provide real-time atmospheric parameter, it is the key (Holm et al., 1989) that obtains higher correction accuracy.
Gasoloid has the characteristics of the height change on the space-time, in order to study the variation on the gasoloid room and time, a plurality of gasoloid observational networks have been set up in the world based on actinometer, wherein largest AERONET is the ground observation network of alliance's formula, set up by NASA at first, absorbed many NGOs, university and research institution afterwards and participated in, and after having united PHOTON net and Canadian AEROCAN net, now had in the world and surpass hundred observation websites.
These gasoloid research stations, play an important role in observation about aspects such as aerocolloidal generation and migrations, providing basic parameter for making up global models, but also can not accurately reflect the aerocolloidal spatial and temporal distributions in all parts of the world, this is because the gasoloid research station can not be provided for the required sufficient density of image atmospheric correction.Therefore in the face of atmosphere parameter height change in time and space characteristic, satellite image is carried out atmospheric correction can only make hypothesis on some atmospheric conditions, this has just inevitably reduced correction accuracy, be difficult to reach the purpose of atmospheric correction, ideal method is to obtain radiation delivery from remotely-sensed data itself to calculate required atmospheric parameter (Holben etal., 1992; Kaufamn et al., 1996).Although some satellite (as MODIS) is provided with some passages some particular localities (cleaning water body or strong vegetation) is carried out the atmospheric parameter inverting at present, yet common satellite is not possess the high precision Inverting Terrestrial Atmospheric Parameters, as high-space resolution imager (Ouaidrariand Vermote such as Landsat TM, 1999), although people attempt to carry out inverting with its different passages, precision is always not high.For addressing this problem, each space flight advanced country is all trying to explore.
Utilize spectrum to carry out the inverting of space to ground atmosphere, comparatively ripe on the method because research early, in most cases dark at present goal method is the method for generally using.Dark target itself has its natural defective: at first, ground is that water body or strong vegetation are the prerequisites that can carry out inverting, and this has just limited the zone of institute's energy inverting; Secondly, dark target inversion method is to be based upon on the basis of hypothesis and statistics, and this has determined that error source is difficult to overcome, these error sources in some cases or even very big, as under the situations of being polluted such as coastal waters.Restriction in view of dark target, people are exploring other characteristics of utilizing atmosphere radiation and are observing, but to improve the territorial scope of inversion accuracy and expansion inverting, mainly show on the basis that utilizes spectral characteristic, carry out simultaneously in the observation and inverting of multi-angle characteristic of atmosphere.Earth observing system (EOS) the SSO (Sun Synchronous Orbit) environmental satellite Terra (EOS-AM1) that succeeds in sending up in Dec, 1999 as the U.S. goes up the multi-angle imaging spectral radiometer (MISR) that carries, and adopts nine direction earth observations of four passages, with this atmosphere is carried out inverting.
Obtaining of atmosphere radiation parameter is to solve the remotely-sensed data atmosphere radiation in the remote sensing earth observation to separate, and carries out atmospheric correction, improves the remote sensing of the earth accuracy of observation, realizes the unavoidable key issue of quantification remote sensing.
Summary of the invention
The probe that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of airborne multi wave section bidirection atmosphere radiation detecting instrument.
The probe of airborne multi wave section bidirection atmosphere radiation detecting instrument, it is characterized in that three vertical channels parallel to each other are arranged on a rigid member, with three stravismus passages parallel to each other, each vertical channel is adjacent and become 55 ° of angles and constitute one group of spectrum channel with a stravismus passage; Lens, optical filter, Guang Lan, photodiode detector are installed in the light path of each passage successively; The spectral band of the optical filter of two groups of atmospheric optical spec passages is respectively 550nm and 670nm, and spectral bandwidth is 20nm; The spectral band of the optical filter of another group earth background spectrum channel is 1640nm, and spectral bandwidth is 40nm.
By lathe turning step is arranged in each passage, lens, Guang Lan, optical filter, photodiode detector are installed on the interior step of passage.
The field angle of described every group of spectrum channel is 2 °.
The CCD camera that two field angle are 20 ° is installed on the rigid member, CCD camera direction respectively with vertical channel and the stravismus channel parallel.
The signal of CCD camera of the present invention inserts video switcher, inserts monitor behind the video switcher.After being linked into amplifying circuit from the signal of single-element detector collection, the signal of CCD camera also inserts amplifying circuit, and the electric signal that amplifying circuit output is amplified is to computing machine interior data collecting card collection and processing.
Main contents of the present invention are: utilize the spectrum and the directivity characteristics of atmosphere radiation transmission, use the measurement of three spectrum channels and two angles (vertical, vergence direction), obtain atmospheric parameter.
The present invention has utilized the spectral characteristic and the scattered through angles characteristic of atmosphere radiation, actinometry by three wave bands, two angles, can in the process that space or airborne platform straight line move, obtain atmospheric parameter in real time, obtain the radiation data of three spectrum channels under the same earth background with time relationship, thereby realize remote sensing observations data synchronization atmospheric correction.This method has solved dependence and the defective of dark goal method to dark target, has solved the real-time and stationary problem of atmospheric correction simultaneously.Simultaneously, only the non-imaging measurement of three passages, two angles makes device simply small and exquisite, meets the needs of space flight, aerospace applications.
Spectral band of the present invention has adopted two atmospheric scattering passages and an earth background passage in conjunction with the method for measuring on selecting.Aerosol model is the key factor that influences space to ground gasoloid inversion result precision, adopting two atmospheric scattering spectrum channels in detection instrument is in order to be implemented in the refutation process aerosol model to be adjusted, and these two spectrum channels are all to the atmospheric scattering sensitivity; The spectral band that then the needing of earth background passage selects atmospheric scattering faint, and measure passage with atmospheric scattering and have the correlativity of reflectivity at earth background.
What earth observation from space obtained is the integrated reflectance of atmosphere and ground associating, it is apparent reflectance, in the earth background band of channles, atmospheric scattering is very faint, the apparent reflectance of this moment is exactly ground surface reflectance basically, and the reflectivity correlativity by this wave band and atmospheric scattering wave band earth background can be released the radiation background of atmospheric scattering band of channles and contribute composition, thereby obtain the atmospheric scattering radiation.
The present invention is used for two angular observations, purpose is for obtaining the radiant quantity of two angles of propagation in atmosphere, uniting use and can breaking away from the dependence of space inversion gasoloid to ground surface reflectance knowledge of this two radiant quantity increases the region applicability of space to ground atmosphere inversion technique greatly.The selection of the angle of bi-directional probing is a difference of considering to increase the both direction radiant quantity, improves inversion accuracy, and considers wide-angle error in the atmospheric radiation transmission.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a machine system theory diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a system light path structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is probe plan structure figure.
Fig. 4 is a probe vertical channel sectional structure synoptic diagram.
Fig. 5 is a probe stravismus passage sectional structure synoptic diagram.
Embodiment:
Shown in Fig. 1,3, on the present invention's two directions three spectrum six passage radiation probes 3 the CCD camera 1,2 that two field angle are 20 ° is installed, CCD camera direction respectively with probe 3 vertical channel and stravismus channel parallel, probe 3 is that three vertical channels parallel to each other 8,9,10 are arranged on a rigid member, with three stravismus passages parallel to each other 11,12,13, passage 8 and passage 11, passage 9 and passage 12, path 10 and passage 13 all form 55 ° of angles and constitute one group of spectrum channel; By lathe turning step is arranged in each passage, lens 14, optical filter 15, light hurdle 16, photodiode detector 17 are installed on the interior step of passage successively; Passage 8 and passage 11, passage 9 is the atmospheric optical spec passage with passage 12, and the spectral band of its optical filter 15 is respectively 550nm and 670nm, and spectral bandwidth is 20nm; Path 10 and passage 13 are the earth background spectrum channel, and the spectral band of its optical filter is 1640nm, and spectral bandwidth is 40nm.
Amplification control circuit 6, computing machine 7 are received in signal output behind the probe 3, the needs during for surveying work, and the signal of CCD camera is linked into video switcher 4 and monitor 5 simultaneously.During work, six passage radiation probes 3 are installed on aircraft window, and its three vertical observation channel vertical realize earth observation downwards, and three stravismus passages are observed forward or backward, with the angle of vertical channel be 55 °.Two observed rays in the observation station on ground all in the projection of the ground of aircraft flight path.The detectable signal of six detection channels is after amplification control circuit 6 carries out program control amplification, by data collecting card collection and the processing in the computing machine 7.
Because aircraft platform is a kind of unsettled platform, the variation of its speed and attitude can have influence on two observed ray ground observation targets repeatability, thereby test result is had a negative impact.So adopted the design of synchronous shooting in this embodiment.Promptly practical two field angle are 20 ° CCD camera, determine the position of radiometer visual field (target zone) in the CCD image by demarcating; Pictorial data realizes synchronous acquisition and preservation by the image collection card in the computing machine (7), and carries out subsequent treatment.
The system light path structural representation of six passage bidirectional radiation probe as shown in Figure 2.Each passage comprises camera lens, optical filter, light hurdle and detector.Guarantee that with whole machining accuracy the optical axis of three spectrum channels on the same direction is parallel on the technology, the field angle of each passage is determined on appropriate design camera lens, light hurdle.For guaranteeing the consistance of two observed ray ground location scopes, 55 ° of visual fields need be designed the ellipse-shaped light hurdle and revise.
In this embodiment, the spectral band of each passage and bandwidth are that the characteristic by the optical filter of selecting is determined, will select suitable detecting band during scheme Design, the Design and Machining optical filter.The increase of 1640nm bandwidth is to consider the radiation intensity difference of this wave band and the difference of explorer response rate.Install behind the optical filter of 550nm and two wave bands of 670nm and adopted the PIN silicon photodiode detector, the 1640nm passage has adopted the InGaAs photodiode detector.Two angles the wide-angle error of considering in two-way difference, inversion accuracy and the atmospheric radiation transmission is set, adopted zenith and 55 ° of observations, i.e. the observed pattern of 55 ° of angles.Three wave band both directions totally 6 measure the measurement patterns that passage adopts the independent stationary passages, adopted identical optical parametric: i.e. system's focal length 86mm (the focal length 88mm of near-infrared band system), the clear aperature 10mm of each passage (internal diameter of the preceding trim ring of general institute's lens that refer to), (subtended angle of field angle decision Measuring Object size is about 100m * 100m) in the flying height upper ground surface instantaneous field of view of 3000m for 2 ° of field angle.
Consider the instability of aircraft platform, the speed that promptly is subjected to the atmosphere airflow influence and produces, pitching, uncontrollable attitude such as sidewinder and change, in airborne model machine of the present invention is implemented, the spy has increased the synchronized video recording device of both direction, can judge the corresponding compatibility of goals of both direction upper ground surface according to the data synchronization image like this.If the invention process is in satellite platform, because the stability of platform can be extrapolated the time that terrain object is aimed at effectively according to the flying speed of platform, and not need to judge by the synchronous images of both direction.
Claims (4)
1, the probe of airborne multi wave section bidirection atmosphere radiation detecting instrument, it is characterized in that three vertical channels parallel to each other are arranged on a rigid member, with three stravismus passages parallel to each other, each vertical channel is adjacent and become 55 ° of angles and constitute one group of spectrum channel with a stravismus passage; Lens, optical filter, Guang Lan, photodiode detector are installed in the light path of each passage successively; The spectral band of the optical filter of two groups of atmospheric optical spec passages is respectively 550nm and 670nm, and spectral bandwidth is 20nm; The spectral band of the optical filter of another group earth background spectrum channel is 1640nm, and spectral bandwidth is 40nm.
2, two-way atmosphere radiation detection instrument probe according to claim 1 is characterized in that by lathe turning step being arranged in each passage, and lens, Guang Lan, optical filter, photodiode detector are installed on the interior step of passage.
3, two-way atmosphere radiation detection instrument probe according to claim 1 is characterized in that the field angle of described every group of spectrum channel is 2 °.
4, two-way atmosphere radiation detection instrument probe according to claim 1 is characterized in that rigid member is equipped with the CCD camera that two field angle are 20 °, CCD camera direction respectively with vertical channel and stravismus channel parallel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2004100657984A CN1329715C (en) | 2004-11-16 | 2004-11-16 | Probe of airborne multi wave section bidirection atmosphere radiation detecting instrument |
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| CNB2004100657984A CN1329715C (en) | 2004-11-16 | 2004-11-16 | Probe of airborne multi wave section bidirection atmosphere radiation detecting instrument |
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| CN1619291A CN1619291A (en) | 2005-05-25 |
| CN1329715C true CN1329715C (en) | 2007-08-01 |
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| CN104614070B (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2017-01-04 | 国家电网公司 | The light resources monitoring method of a kind of multispectral survey and system |
Citations (8)
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| CA973388A (en) * | 1972-06-22 | 1975-08-26 | Edward F. Flint | Dual color radiometer method selectively discriminating against a radiant energy emissivity characteristic of a preselected atmospheric state |
| US4222666A (en) * | 1977-07-13 | 1980-09-16 | Tumanov Evgeny S | Apparatus for measuring and correcting calibration characteristic of photoelectric aerosol analyzer |
| DE3117757A1 (en) * | 1981-05-05 | 1982-11-25 | Hekatron GmbH, 7811 Sulzburg | Method and system for detecting an aerosol, such as smoke, in a gaseous medium |
| US4676642A (en) * | 1984-03-14 | 1987-06-30 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Apparatus and method for remote sensing of gases, vapors or aerosols |
| US5041723A (en) * | 1989-09-30 | 1991-08-20 | Horiba, Ltd. | Infrared ray detector with multiple optical filters |
| GB2278434A (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 1994-11-30 | Secretary Trade Ind Brit | Broadband radiometer |
| CN2518093Y (en) * | 2001-12-29 | 2002-10-23 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Multi-pass radiation probe assembly |
| US20040153284A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-05 | Bernstein Lawrence S. | Method for performing automated in-scene based atmospheric compensation for multi-and hyperspectral imaging sensors in the solar reflective spectral region |
-
2004
- 2004-11-16 CN CNB2004100657984A patent/CN1329715C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA973388A (en) * | 1972-06-22 | 1975-08-26 | Edward F. Flint | Dual color radiometer method selectively discriminating against a radiant energy emissivity characteristic of a preselected atmospheric state |
| US4222666A (en) * | 1977-07-13 | 1980-09-16 | Tumanov Evgeny S | Apparatus for measuring and correcting calibration characteristic of photoelectric aerosol analyzer |
| DE3117757A1 (en) * | 1981-05-05 | 1982-11-25 | Hekatron GmbH, 7811 Sulzburg | Method and system for detecting an aerosol, such as smoke, in a gaseous medium |
| US4676642A (en) * | 1984-03-14 | 1987-06-30 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Apparatus and method for remote sensing of gases, vapors or aerosols |
| US5041723A (en) * | 1989-09-30 | 1991-08-20 | Horiba, Ltd. | Infrared ray detector with multiple optical filters |
| GB2278434A (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 1994-11-30 | Secretary Trade Ind Brit | Broadband radiometer |
| CN2518093Y (en) * | 2001-12-29 | 2002-10-23 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Multi-pass radiation probe assembly |
| US20040153284A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-05 | Bernstein Lawrence S. | Method for performing automated in-scene based atmospheric compensation for multi-and hyperspectral imaging sensors in the solar reflective spectral region |
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