CN1322653C - Renewable energy resource deflector having multiple function mode - Google Patents

Renewable energy resource deflector having multiple function mode Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1322653C
CN1322653C CNB031044166A CN03104416A CN1322653C CN 1322653 C CN1322653 C CN 1322653C CN B031044166 A CNB031044166 A CN B031044166A CN 03104416 A CN03104416 A CN 03104416A CN 1322653 C CN1322653 C CN 1322653C
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output
voltage
renewable energy
unit
energy resources
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CN1521915A (en
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宋昌哲
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FEIRUI Co Ltd
Phoenixtec Power Co Ltd
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FEIRUI Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a renewable energy current converting device having multifunctional modes, which comprises a monitoring unit, a voltage boosting unit, a current converting unit and an additional bidirectional charging unit, wherein the voltage boosting unit is connected to the output end of DC voltage of a renewable energy device; the DC voltage is input to the current converting unit and the bidirectional charging unit after being changed into DC high voltage; because the monitoring unit is connected with the load, the current converting unit and the bidirectional charging unit, different functional modes can be selected; the current converting unit can satisfy different loading applications of independent loading, or electric network connected loading, etc. The present invention has high applicability.

Description

Renewable energy resources convertor assembly with multifunctional mode
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode, refer to a kind of Semiconductor Converting Technology that is applied to the renewable energy resources (as: the solar energy source photoelectricity sun energy, wind energy, water energy equal energy source) especially.
Background technology
Solar energy source is a kind of pollution-free and energy not to the utmost of getting, except that the remote districts that can be difficult at mains-supplied are best mode for a kind of direct enjoyment supply of electric power, national governments also encourage general family installing solar power supply unit in a large number, to reduce the burden of power plant supply civil power, can solve the environmental issue of the carbon dioxide pollution environment of the nuke rubbish of nuclear energy power generation and thermal power generation simultaneously.
The expensive price of solar energy source generating equipment, and can connect its load form according to difference, make the conversion efficiency height of equipment inconsistent, as shown in Figure 7, be the calcspar of the solar energy source convertor assembly of a special prior art, it is applicable to independent load, it includes:
One charger 70 is connected to the dc output end of solar panels 80;
One boosting unit 71 is connected to the output of this charger 70 and battery 73, and its output dc voltage is converted to High Level DC Voltage;
One current transformer 72 is connected to this boosting unit 71, exports independent load 81 to after High Level DC Voltage is converted to alternating voltage;
One storage battery 73 is connected to the output of this charger 70;
Above-mentioned solar energy source convertor assembly inputs to storage battery 73 by the DC power supply that charger 70 is exported solar panel 80 earlier, with operation that storage battery 73 is charged, the general storage battery 73 that uses about 48 volts of specifications of this solar energy convertor assembly, to supply independent load 81 required power supply, in addition, because storage battery 73 and booster circuit 71 are directly connected in the output of charger 70, cause voltage conversion ratio too high, and make the conversion efficiency of whole convertor assembly be about 90%.
In addition, someone is with this charger 70 built-in MPPT maximum power point tracking (Maximum PowerPoint Tracking) technology, the DC power supply of using the output of monitoring solar panels reaches maximum power, as shown in Figure 6, avoid solar energy 80 plate output DC sources to 70 of the chargers of front end to cause power loss, make current transformer 72 fill the maximum power supply that part uses solar panels 80 outputs.Yet, add the MPPT maximum power point tracking function and still can't make the whole efficiency of this solar energy source convertor assembly improve.
See also shown in Figure 8, be a kind of solar energy convertor assembly that is applied to high-voltage fence binding load 81a, its basic structure is identical with aforementioned convertor assembly, the equipment of thought no storage battery and charger (not shown), can be intactly the DC power supply of solar panels 80 outputs being converted to AC power entirely provides and gives high-voltage fence and link load 81a, wherein these solar panels 80 can use the photo-voltaic cell (>300 volts) of high pressure, again, because of changing voltage is lower, so the conversion efficiency of convertor assembly can bring up to 95% at least.Though do not add holding storage battery aforesaid advantage is not arranged, but also be shortcoming simultaneously, because it is essential to be still at some application stand-by power supply, if install a group storage battery additional outside between boosting unit and current transformer for having stand-by power supply, except storage battery need use the high-tension electricity capacity, also need install charger additional, thus, then increase the cost of whole group convertor assembly and the complexity of circuit, not only the power supply because of the output of current transformer solar energy that uncontrollable charger causes does not reach maximum power, and also is inconvenient to install concerning the user.
From the above, be connected the use sun-generated electric power at independent running load and electrical network binding load desire at present, and provide different convertor assemblys, yet, just as aforementioned two kinds introductions of commonly using convertor assembly as can be known, really exist to use and go up and shortcoming such as applicability is not good, therefore be necessary further improvement really, so that the user to be provided the solar energy convertor assembly of convenient installing.
Summary of the invention
, the objective of the invention is for this reason, a kind of current transformer of using the renewable energy resources is provided, various functional modes are provided, to satisfy different loads state (linking load) and the required AC power of applicable cases as independent load system or electrical network.
Desiring to reach the employed major technique means of above-mentioned purpose makes this convertor assembly include:
One monitoring unit, it includes monitoring input, output and control end, in order to power-monitoring and the relevant control of being responsible for whole system, and in have the MPPT maximum power point tracking function, reach maximum rating with the DC power supply power that makes energy source regeneration apparatus output;
One boosting unit is located at the power output end of solar panel, so that this low-voltage dc power supply is converted to high-voltage DC power supply, and is output on the high-voltage bus;
One current transformer is connected in the control end of high-voltage bus and this monitoring unit, and its output links load for independent load system or electrical network;
One adds the two-way charger of formula, is external on the high-voltage bus, and is subjected to the control of this monitoring unit and is connected with storage battery;
Above-mentioned solar energy convertor assembly is by the requirement of this monitoring unit to the power supply and demand between energy source regeneration apparatus and load, and then the high voltage source of control high-voltage bus is dispersed to the ratio of two-way charger and current transformer, and the whether activation action of this two-way charger, whether its load form and the convertor assembly of looking closely connection need add storage battery;
If add storage battery, then this monitoring unit can be controlled the ratio that two-way charger and current transformer are obtained high voltage source, and when detecting energy source regeneration apparatus out-put supply deficiency, two-way charger then provide current transformer required high direct voltage from storage battery is provided, and being converted to AC power by current transformer again provides and gives load;
Do not add holding storage battery if having, then current transformer can be totally be converted to AC power fully with the output of high-voltage bus, gives load to provide.
From the above, the present invention is by being done the detection of supply and demand power to energy source regeneration apparatus and load by monitoring unit, may command current transformer and be in and obtain best high voltage source between the two-way charger of charge mode, to make convertor assembly add under the mode of operation of holding storage battery, still can possess high conversion efficiency, in addition, also can be under the state of energy source regeneration apparatus out-put supply deficiency, controlling two-way charger immediately powers to current transformer, make load continue to obtain AC power and use, quite have practicality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a calcspar of the present invention (representative graph).
Fig. 2 is the calcspar of a preferred embodiment of boosting unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the calcspar of a preferred embodiment of the two-way charger of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the calcspar of a preferred embodiment of current transformer of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of monitoring unit MPPT maximum power point tracking of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the curve chart of energy source regeneration apparatus output voltage to electric current, and it discloses maximum power position.
Fig. 7 is a calcspar of commonly using the solar energy source convertor assembly, and its announcement is equiped with spare electric-power supplies such as storage battery and charger, and is applicable to the load of independent running.
Fig. 8 is the calcspar of prior art solar energy source convertor assembly, and it discloses one and is applicable to that electrical network links the high conversion efficiency convertor assembly of load.
Symbol description among the figure
10 monitoring units, 20 boosting units
21 boost inductance 22PWM controllers
23 electronic switches, 24 high-voltage bus
30 current transformers, 31 voltage control circuits
311 adders 312 exchange the reference signal generator
32 current control circuits, 321 multipliers
322 adders 323 exchange the reference signal generator
33 mode selector switch 34PWM controllers
40 to charger 41 first electronic switches
42 second electronic switches, 43 charging current control units
50 storage batterys, 60 energy converters
61 loads
70 chargers, 71 boosting units
72 current transformers, 73 storage batterys
80 energy source regeneration apparatus 8181a loads
Embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of renewable energy resources convertor assembly, can switch to according to the difference of its load form under the suitable mode of operation, and have high conversion usefulness and characteristics such as easy to operate with multiple mode of operation and connection mode.
At first see also shown in Figure 1, be a calcspar of the present invention, include a monitoring unit 10, boosting unit 20, current transformer 30 and and add the two-way charger 40 of formula, wherein two-way charger connects for storage battery 50, and boosting unit 20 then is connected with the dc power output end of energy converter 60.
Above-mentioned monitoring unit 10 includes monitoring input, output and control end, in order to power-monitoring and the relevant control of being responsible for whole system, and in have the MPPT maximum power point tracking function, it is detailed as described later to reach maximum rating with the DC power supply power that makes energy source regeneration apparatus output to this convertor assembly; This monitoring unit 10 can be realized by microprocessor or hardware circuit, during wherein this MPPT maximum power point tracking function can also be realized by microprocessor, or realizes with hardware circuit.
Above-mentioned boosting unit 20 is located at the dc power output end of energy converter 60, so that this low-voltage dc power supply is converted to high-voltage DC power supply, and high-voltage DC power supply exported on the high-voltage bus 24, see also shown in Figure 2 again, this boosting unit 20 further includes the boost inductance 21 that a PWM controller 22, an electronic switch 23 and are connected to high-voltage bus 24, wherein this electronic switch 23 can be a MOSFET assembly, its grid system is subjected to this PWM controller 22 its turn-on cycles of control, with this, export the High Level DC Voltage of boost inductance 21 to high-voltage bus 24.
Above-mentioned current transformer 30 is connected between high-voltage bus 24 and the monitoring unit output not shown in the figures, to accept the MPPT maximum power point tracking monitoring of monitoring unit.This current transformer 30 has two kinds of operating modes, and a kind of is independent operating mode, and another then links operating mode for electrical network.See also shown in Figure 4, this current transformer 30 by the electronic switch of two groups of alternate conduction to Q1, Q2, Q3, a Q4 and a filter L, C constitutes the current transforming unit of a full-bridge type, and further include a voltage feedback control circuit 31 and an electric current feedback control circuit 32, this voltage, electric current feedback control circuit 31,32 input sees through output voltage, output current detector 313,324 are connected to filter L, C, output then sees through a mode selector switch 33 and delivers to two groups of electronic switches of a PWM controller 34 controls to Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, and via filter L, C and export alternating current, wherein the input of this electric current feedback control circuit 32 further is connected to monitoring unit MPPT maximum power point tracking current output terminal, with the output current of Control current device.
Above-mentioned voltage feedback control circuit 31 is connected to this filter L, C output, feedbacks output voltage to PWM controller 34, with the output voltage of control current transformer 30; It mainly exchanges reference signal generator 312 by a subtracter 311 and and forms, this subtracter 311 is connected to the output of this current transformer L, C and exchanges the output of reference signal generator 312, and the process mode selector switch 33 that subtracts each other of inciting somebody to action is delivered to PWM controller 34.
Above-mentioned electric current feedback control circuit 32 is used for controlling the electric current of current transforming unit output, it mainly exchanges reference signal generator 323 by a multiplier 321, subtracter 322 and and forms, the input of this multiplier 321 is connected to the MPPT maximum power point tracking Current Control output of this monitoring unit 10 and exchanges the output of reference signal generator 323, the output of multiplier 321 then is connected to the input of subtracter 322, sends into and delivers to PWM controller 34 to subtract each other through mode selector switch 33 with the current transformer output current signal;
Above-mentioned mode selector switch 33 is connected to the output of voltage, current control circuit 31,32, and its change action is subjected to monitoring unit 10 controls.The input of this PWM controller 34 then is connected to control end G1, G2, G3, the G4 that voltage, 31,32, four outputs of electric current feedback control circuit then are connected to electronic switch respectively by mode selector switch 33.
When monitoring unit 10 is judged connection one independent load at present, then control its switch is connected this PWM controller with voltage control circuit 31, make current transformer 30 outputs meet the alternating source of independent load, this is first kind of independent operating mode, this monitoring unit 10 if judge connect at present an electrical network connect load then control model diverter switch 33 this PWM controller 34 is connected with current control circuit 32, carrying out the electrical network connection mode, so current transformer 30 output current amplitudes are able to Be Controlled and reach the optimal solar energy utilance.
Above-mentioned two-way charger 40 is can add the two-way charger 40 of formula to the unsteady flow module for one, it is connected between high-voltage bus 24 and the storage battery 50, and be connected to the MPPT maximum power point tracking current signal output end and the control end of monitoring unit 10, sharing the output current signal of monitoring unit 10 MPPT maximum power point tracking current signal output ends with current transformer 30, and the output current signal of monitoring unit 10 MPPT maximum power point tracking outputs can distribute the current signal ratio that give current transformer and two-way charger automatically because of the charged state of storage battery 50.
See also shown in Figure 3, this two-way charger 40 can carry out the charging and the discharge work, it includes:
Two electronic switches 41,42, first, second electronic switch 41,42 respectively is made up of a PWM controller PWM1, PWM2 and transistor Q5, Q6, each transistor Q5, Q6 parasitic diode in parallel, wherein first electronic switch 41 is connected to the MPPT maximum power point tracking current signal output end and the control end of monitoring unit 10;
One lifting/voltage reducing inductance L 1 is connected to high-voltage bus 24 by second electronic switch 42;
One charging current control unit 43, include comparator U1 and thyrite device VCR, this comparator U1 input is connected to the monitoring unit control output end respectively, the output of reference voltage signal Vref and storage battery 50, its voltage output end then is connected to this thyrite device VCR, to adjust the resistance value of this thyrite device VCR, because thyrite device VCR further is connected between the monitoring unit MPPT maximum power point tracking current output terminal and second electronic switch 42, can export different voltages and give second electronic switch 42 along with the adjustment of resistance value, to control the turn-on cycle of second electronic switch, constitute a PWM booster circuit.
When two-way charger 40 is in charge mode, the voltage that is high-voltage bus 24 can be changed storage battery 50 chargings, that is, earlier with 41 decapacitation of first electronic switch, its transistor Q6 equivalence one diode, and two-way charger 40 promptly constitutes a reduction voltage circuit, wherein the comparator U1 of charging current control unit 43 is by the stored voltage and the reference voltage Vref that compare storage battery 50, adjust the resistance value of thyrite device VCR, because the input of this thyrite device VCR is connected to this monitoring unit current output terminal, so transfer the electric current I of monitoring unit output to voltage V, with the turn-on cycle of the PWM controller PWM2 that controls this second electronic switch 42, and then control is to the charge volume of storage battery 50;
And, when two-way charger 40 is in discharge mode, to connect the power conversion of storage battery 50 to high-voltage bus 24, that is, with 42 decapacitation of second electronic switch, make transistor Q5 equivalence one diode of second electronic switch 42, thus earlier, this two-way charger 40 constitutes a PWM booster circuit by first electronic switch 41, a lifting/voltage reducing inductance L 1 and transistor Q5, exports this high-voltage bus to after making the low pressure of storage battery 50 be converted to height.
More than, circuit description for solar sources convertor assembly of the present invention, with the next monitoring process description that detects energy source regeneration apparatus, load control current transformer 30 and two-way charger 40 with regard to monitoring unit 10, see also shown in Figure 5ly, the MPPT maximum power point tracking of this monitoring unit 10 mechanism is with initial magnitude of voltage V 0And performance number P 0, magnitude of voltage and current value with obtaining energy source regeneration apparatus output afterwards calculate present performance number P nThe function P that calculates with the last cycle N-1Difference DELTA P, and voltage difference Δ V, judge that more whether this power difference is more than or equal to zero:
1, if difference power more than or equal to zero:
Whether continue to judge voltage difference more than or equal to zero, if, whether judge voltage difference again greater than 0, if then reduce the output current of monitoring unit MPPT maximum power point tracking current output terminal, if not, then increase output current.
2, if difference power less than zero:
Whether continue to judge voltage difference more than or equal to zero, if, then increase the output current of monitoring unit MPPT maximum power point tracking current output terminal, if not, then reduce output current.
After having judged this performance number and magnitude of voltage are stored, recomputate performance number of following one-period again; By as can be known aforementioned, monitoring unit can be monitored the performance number of energy source regeneration apparatus really via MPPT maximum power point tracking, controls the total output current of two-way charger and current transformer more effectively, to reach the best effectiveness of using energy source regeneration apparatus.
For more clearly demonstrating multi-mode operating state of the present invention, below four kinds of operator schemes of explanation and application, it includes:
1. be applied to independent running load and be equiped with storage battery:
A. when sun-generated electric power greater than the required rated power supply of load:
The charging control circuit of this two-way charger provides utilization and gives the charge power supply that the remaining power supply of current transformer is used as standby storage battery, to charge in batteries.
B. when sun-generated electric power less than the required rated power supply of load:
The charge/discharge control circuit of this two-way charger is enabled, and makes the storage power supply of storage battery and the power supply of energy source regeneration apparatus output provide to current transformer in the lump.
2. be applied to independent running load and do not have the storage battery of being equiped with:
This moment, the energy source regeneration apparatus power supply directly provided current transformer to use, and again because of nothing adds holding storage battery, then two-way charger can be economized and remove, to reduce the cost of whole system.
3. being applied to electrical network links load and is equiped with storage battery:
A. storage battery is and is full of voltage status:
When storage battery is the full voltage state, then the energy source regeneration apparatus out-put supply is all offered current transformer, this monitoring unit only need be controlled the size of the output current of current transformer.
B. the non-voltage status that is full of of storage battery:
Preferentially the energy source regeneration apparatus out-put supply is offered storage battery, storage battery is carried out charging procedure, the output with dump energy exports electrical network binding load to again, and wherein the power distribution ratio is then distributed automatically by two-way charger.
C. the power supply of energy source regeneration apparatus output is zero:
It is zero that monitoring unit detects energy source regeneration apparatus output DC source, the diverter switch of then controlling the current transformer output immediately switches to off state, and make current transformer not make electrical network and link running, but this moment, use if want out-put supply to give other load, then convertor assembly can switch to the independent operation pattern.
4. be applied to electrical network binding load and do not have the storage battery of being equiped with:
This pattern is applicable to does not have an application of charge mode, and this moment current transformer output current be subjected to the control of monitoring unit equally, to export stable AC power, two-way charger can be economized and remove.
From the above, the present invention is suitable for different loads and application thereof to reach, and can keeps high conversion efficiency, by four above mode of operations as can be known mainly by monitoring unit, boosting unit, current transformer and a design that adds the two-way charger of formula.
Therefore, design of the present invention has usability, novelty and the progressive on the industry really, and meets the important document of patent of invention, and mere formality is filed an application in accordance with the law.

Claims (14)

1. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of a tool multifunctional mode is characterized in that, includes:
One monitoring unit, it includes monitoring input, output and control end, in order to power-monitoring and the relevant control of being responsible for whole system; One boosting unit, the conversion low-voltage dc power supply is a high-voltage DC power supply, and is output on the high-voltage bus;
One current transformer is connected in high-voltage bus and output, is subjected to the load of the control output AC electricity of monitoring unit for independent load system or electrical network connection;
The one two-way charger that can install additional can be connected on the high-voltage bus, and controlled by this monitoring unit, connects for storage battery.
2. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, has the MPPT maximum power point tracking function in this monitoring unit, makes the DC power supply power of energy source regeneration apparatus output reach maximum rating.
3. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the input of this boosting unit is connected to the dc power output end of a regeneration energy.
4. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, these renewable energy resources are that solar panels produce.
5. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this boosting unit includes a controller, at least one electronic switch and at least one boost inductance that is connected to high-voltage bus.
6. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, this electronic switch can be a MOSFET assembly, and its grid is connected to the control end of a PWM controller.
7. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, this current transformer includes:
One full-bridge type current transforming unit;
One voltage feedback control circuit is connected to the output of this full-bridge type current transforming unit by a voltage detector, with the output voltage of control full-bridge type current transforming unit;
One electric current feedback control circuit is connected in the output of this full-bridge type current transforming unit by a current detector, and accepts the output current of the control of monitoring unit with the Control current device;
One mode selector switch is connected between the output and monitoring unit of voltage, electric current feedback control circuit, by monitoring unit control change action;
One PWM controller, its input is connected to the output of voltage, electric current feedback control circuit by mode selector switch, and the plural output of PWM controller is connected to the input of full-bridge type current transforming unit respectively again.
8. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, this full-bridge type current transforming unit is made up of reaching a filter the electronic switch of two groups of alternate conduction, the right control end of each electronic switch is the input of full-bridge type current transforming unit, and the output of filter is the output of full-bridge type current transforming unit.
9. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, this voltage feedback control circuit exchanges the reference signal generator by a subtracter and to be formed, and this subtracter is connected to the output of this full-bridge type current transforming unit and the output of signal generator.
10. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, this electric current feedback control circuit by a multiplier, a subtracter, and one exchange the reference signal generator and form, the input of this multiplier is connected to the MPPT maximum power point tracking current output terminal and the AC signal generator output of this monitoring unit, and its output is connected to the output of subtracter, delivers to this PWM controller after subtracting each other with full-bridge type current transforming unit output current signal.
11. renewable energy resources convertor assembly as claim 7,8 or 9 described tool multifunctional modes, it is characterized in that, but this two-way charger includes a chargeable control circuit and a charge/discharge control circuit, and wherein the function selecting of charge or discharge is controlled by monitoring unit.
12. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, this two-way charger includes:
Two electronic switches, each is made up of first, second electronic switch a PWM controller, transistor, and this transistor has a parasitic diode;
One lifting/voltage reducing inductance is connected between first, second electronic switch, is connected to high-voltage bus by second electronic switch again;
One charging current control unit, include a comparator and a thyrite device, this comparator input terminal is connected to the output of control output end, reference voltage signal and the storage battery of monitoring unit respectively, its voltage output end then is connected to this thyrite device, to adjust the resistance value of this thyrite device, because the thyrite device further is connected between the MPPT maximum power point tracking current output terminal and second electronic switch of monitoring unit, may command inputs to the magnitude of voltage of second electronic switch.
13. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, the two transistor of described two electronic switches is the MOSFET assembly, and its grid is connected to the control end of this PWM controller.
14. the renewable energy resources convertor assembly of tool multifunctional mode as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this two-way charger is that separate type is connected on the high-voltage bus, and accepts the signal controlling of control unit.
CNB031044166A 2003-02-13 2003-02-13 Renewable energy resource deflector having multiple function mode Expired - Fee Related CN1322653C (en)

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