CN1295896C - Space quantum communication unit using atom light filter - Google Patents
Space quantum communication unit using atom light filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN1295896C CN1295896C CNB2003101113704A CN200310111370A CN1295896C CN 1295896 C CN1295896 C CN 1295896C CN B2003101113704 A CNB2003101113704 A CN B2003101113704A CN 200310111370 A CN200310111370 A CN 200310111370A CN 1295896 C CN1295896 C CN 1295896C
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- beam splitter
- light filter
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The present invention discloses a space quantum communication device using atomic filters, which belongs to the field of quantum communication. The device is composed of a beam splitter 2, two lambada /2 wave plates 3, 10, a lambada /4 wave plate 4, two polarizing beam splitters 5, 11, two atomic filters 6, 12, two optical couplers 7, 13, two roots of optical fibers 8, 14 and two single-photon detectors 9, 15. The present invention is characterized in that interference filters used in the existing quantum communication device are replaced by super narrow linewidth atomic filters. The present invention has the advantages that because the working bandwidth of the atomic filters is slightly narrower than that of the interference filter by three magnitude orders, and the atomic filters have a 10<-5> background noise prohibition ratio; therefore, the error rate caused by background noise can be reduced by the space quantum cryptography communication system, and the distance of the space quantum cryptography communication is increased. The present invention can normally work under the radiation of sunlight or moonlight, etc.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to quantum communications, more specifically relate to the Space Quantum Communication device that uses atomic light filter.
Background technology:
Cryptographic communication is a kind of information transmission mode that can allow communicating pair exchange messages under top-secret state.Many countries all pay much attention to the research of cryptographic communication.Now, password has been the guarantee of information exchanges such as government, bank, company and private protection.Along with the popularization of network, ecommerce, it is particularly important that the fail safe of secrecy system seems.The develop rapidly of computer makes that but the means that break a code are more and more brilliant, and traditional cryptography more and more shows its limitation.Quantum cryptography is the emerging technology of an emergence, and its safety of transmission is based on quantum-mechanical Heisenberg (Heisenberg) uncertainty principle.Quantum cryptography communication has been opened up a brand-new world undoubtedly in this field.And development that it is in the recent period swift and violent and wide application prospect attract tremendous attention.
Quantum cryptography communication is to use the transmission carrier of photon states as information.In the free-space communication, atmosphere is a free of birefringence at optical region, this make photon polarization state therein fidelity transmit.Exist two to have problem to be solved to be greatly: 1) single photon transmits the fluctuating of media; 2) the single photon detection problem under strong bias light.Based on the quantum cryptography communication of photon polarization encoder, use the demonstration that experimentizes of narrow bandwidth interferometric filter or optical fiber spatial filtering method wiping out background optical noise usually, can make the problems referred to above be able to part and solve, at night or work by day.
In October, 2002, under moral, border difficult to understand moonlight, successfully transmitted quantum key, the true form transfer rate is 1.5-2kHz, the error rate 5%, distance reaches 23.4 kilometers.The maximum distance that this free space key that is up to now to be reported transmits has also shown the possibility of quantum communications practicability.
The prospect of free space quantum cryptography communication is star, star to be transmitted and set up the spatial network that global password transmits to the security password of star by near-earth satellite with being undertaken.Technology now can reach the successful transmission in the 27db transmission loss.If the raising receiving efficiency reduces background noise, channel can bear the loss of 33db, and feasible password to 500-1000 kilometer near-earth satellite transmits and becomes possibility.
Existing quantum communications device is before random coded train pulse single photon bundle incides beam splitter, filter by interferometric filter earlier, no longer filter afterwards, its weak point is, because the bandwidth of operation broad of interferometric filter commonly used, the bias light noise suppressed is lower, therefore, produces higher bit error rate.
Characteristics such as the method for atom filter has high transmission, and super narrow optical filtering bandwidth, wide-angle receive, and response speed is fast, and operating frequency is tunable within the specific limits.Therefore, be widely used in laser communications, fields such as laser radar and high-speed light modulation.The atmospheric laser communication experiment is mW/cm in luminous power normally
2Perhaps μ W/cm
2Penetrating than trunk offering of magnitude carried out under the laser situation, and quantum secret communication need carry out fidelity to signal and transmits under the single photon level conditions.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is: a kind of Space Quantum Communication device that uses atomic light filter is provided, and the principal character of this device is to use super-narrow line width atomic light filter to substitute the interferometric filter that uses in the existing quantum communicator.Advantage is: can reduce the error rate that is caused by background noise, increase communication distance, the quantum communications device can be worked down with moonlight better by day, realize the practicability of quantum communications device.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Use the Space Quantum Communication device of atomic light filter to form by beam splitter, two λ/2 wave plates, λ/4 wave plates, two polarization beam apparatus, two atomic light filters, two optical couplers, two optical fiber and two single-photon detectors, be placed with a λ/2 wave plates, λ/4 wave plates, first polarization beam apparatus, first atomic light filter and first optical coupler on the photon channel of beam splitter transmittance end successively, their center is all coaxial with the center of beam splitter; First optical coupler is connected with first single-photon detector by first optical fiber.Place the 2nd λ/2 wave plates and second polarization beam apparatus successively according to the front and back order on the photon channel of beam splitter light reflection end, their center is all coaxial with the center of beam splitter reflection face; Second atomic light filter and optical coupler are placed on successively according to the front and back order on the photon channel of the second polarization beam apparatus light reflection end, and their center is all coaxial with the center of the second polarization beam apparatus reflecting surface; Second optical coupler is connected with second single-photon detector by second optical fiber.
Workflow of the present invention is: when random coded train pulse single photon bundle incided on 50% beam splitter of the present invention, single photon is transmission or reflection at random.When the transmission of signal photon, deflect through a λ/2 wave plate plane of polarizations, become circularly polarized photon by λ/4 wave plates again, again through the first polarization beam apparatus selective transmission photon, then by first atomic light filter, background noises such as the sunlight in the filtering communication port, moonlight, the signal photon enters first Optical Fiber Transmission to the first single-photon detector through first optical coupler again, and first single-photon detector receives photon signal and converts thereof into the signal of telecommunication.When the signal photon is reflected, then the signal photon is through the 2nd λ/2 wave plates, plane of polarization deflects, select the reflection photon through second polarization beam apparatus again, then by second atomic light filter, background noises such as the sunlight in the filtering communication port, moonlight, the signal photon enters second Optical Fiber Transmission to the second single-photon detector through second optical coupler again, and second single-photon detector receives photon signal and converts thereof into the signal of telecommunication.
Patent of the present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages: because the atomic light filter bandwidth of operation is than narrow approximately 3 orders of magnitude of the bandwidth of operation of interferometric filter, and it has the bias light noise suppressed ratio of 10-5, therefore, space quantum cryptographic communication system is reduced because error rate 2-3 the order of magnitude that background noise causes, increase the distance of space quantum cryptographic communication, the present invention can be under background light radiation such as sunlight or moonlight operate as normal.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Wherein: 1 is that laser pulse single photon bundle, 2 is that 50% beam splitter, 3 and 10 is that λ/2 wave plates, 4 are that λ/4 wave plates, 5 and 11 are that polarization beam apparatus, 6 and 12 is that atomic light filter, 7 and 13 is that optical coupler, 8 and 14 is that optical fiber, 9 and 15 is single-photon detector.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
The Space Quantum Communication device that uses atomic light filter is made up of beam splitter 2, two λ/2 wave plates 3 and 10, λ/4 wave plate 4, two polarization beam apparatus 5 and 11, two atomic light filters 6 and 12, two optical couplers 7 and 13, two optical fiber 8 and 14, two single-photon detectors 9 and 15, be placed with a λ/2 wave plates 3, λ/4 wave plates 4, first polarization beam apparatus 5, first atomic light filter 6 and first optical coupler 7 on the photon channel of beam splitter 2 transmittance ends successively, their center is all coaxial with the center of beam splitter 2; First optical coupler 7 is connected with first single-photon detector 9 by first optical fiber 8.Place the 2nd λ/2 wave plates 10 and second polarization beam apparatus 11 successively according to the front and back order on the photon channel of beam splitter 2 smooth reflection ends, their center is all coaxial with the center of beam splitter 2 reflectings surface; Second atomic light filter 12 and optical coupler 13 are placed on successively according to the front and back order on the photon channel of second polarization beam apparatus, 11 smooth reflection ends, and their center is all coaxial with the center of second polarization beam apparatus, 11 reflectings surface; Second optical coupler 13 is connected with second single-photon detector 15 by second optical fiber 14.
Workflow of the present invention is: when random coded train pulse single photon bundle 1 incided on 50% beam splitter 2 of the present invention, single photon is transmission or reflection at random.When the transmission of signal photon, deflect through a λ/2 wave plates, 3 plane of polarizations, become circularly polarized photon by λ/4 wave plates 4 again, again through first polarization beam apparatus, 5 selective transmission photons, then by first atomic light filter 6, background noises such as the sunlight in the filtering communication port, moonlight, signal photon enter first optical fiber 8 through first optical coupler 7 again and transfer to first single-photon detector 9, the first single-photon detectors, the 9 reception photon signals and convert thereof into the signal of telecommunication.When the signal photon is reflected, then the signal photon is through the 2nd λ/2 wave plates 10, plane of polarization deflects, select the reflection photon through second polarization beam apparatus 11 again, then by second atomic light filter 12, background noises such as the sunlight in the filtering communication port, moonlight, signal photon enter second optical fiber 14 through second optical coupler 13 again and transfer to second single-photon detector 15, the second single-photon detectors, the 15 reception photon signals and convert thereof into the signal of telecommunication.
Claims (1)
1, use the Space Quantum Communication device of atomic light filter, it is characterized in that, this device is by beam splitter (2), two λ/2 wave plates (3,10), λ/4 wave plates (4), two polarization beam apparatus (5,11), two atomic light filters (6,12), two optical couplers (7,13), two optical fiber (8,14), two single-photon detectors (9,15) form, on the photon channel of beam splitter (2) transmittance end, be placed with a λ/2 wave plates (3) successively, λ/4 wave plates (4), first polarization beam apparatus (5), first atomic light filter (6) and first optical coupler (7), their center are all coaxial with the center of beam splitter (2); First optical coupler (7) is connected with first single-photon detector (9) by first optical fiber (8), place the 2nd λ/2 wave plates (10) and second polarization beam apparatus (11) successively according to the front and back order on the photon channel of beam splitter (2) light reflection end, their center is all coaxial with the center of beam splitter (2) reflecting surface; Second atomic light filter (12) and optical coupler (13) are placed on successively according to the front and back order on the photon channel of second polarization beam apparatus (11) light reflection end, and their center is all coaxial with the center of second polarization beam apparatus (11) reflecting surface; Second optical coupler (13) is connected with second single-photon detector (15) by second optical fiber (14).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101113704A CN1295896C (en) | 2003-11-11 | 2003-11-11 | Space quantum communication unit using atom light filter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101113704A CN1295896C (en) | 2003-11-11 | 2003-11-11 | Space quantum communication unit using atom light filter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1545228A CN1545228A (en) | 2004-11-10 |
| CN1295896C true CN1295896C (en) | 2007-01-17 |
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| CNB2003101113704A Expired - Lifetime CN1295896C (en) | 2003-11-11 | 2003-11-11 | Space quantum communication unit using atom light filter |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1317797C (en) * | 2004-11-26 | 2007-05-23 | 华东师范大学 | Method for optical communicating waveband single photon high-efficient detection |
| US8031873B2 (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2011-10-04 | Wuhan Institute Of Physics And Mathematics, The Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Free-space quantum communication device with atomic filters |
| CN101241241B (en) * | 2008-02-03 | 2010-06-09 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Raman optical amplification atom filtering method and apparatus |
| CN101788691B (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-08-31 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Upper atmosphere airglow blast-temperature imager for atomic frequency discrimination |
| CN102147538B (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2014-03-12 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Quantum coherence inducted optical rotation effect based atomic filtering method and device |
| CN106200022B (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | A kind of optical fiber atom filter device |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0920149A2 (en) * | 1997-10-02 | 1999-06-02 | Motoyoshi Akio | Method and apparatus for quantum communication |
| CN1301972A (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2001-07-04 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Active rubidium atom resonance light filter |
| WO2001086855A2 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2001-11-15 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Apparatus for free-space quantum key distribution in daylight |
| US6424665B1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2002-07-23 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Ultra-bright source of polarization-entangled photons |
-
2003
- 2003-11-11 CN CNB2003101113704A patent/CN1295896C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0920149A2 (en) * | 1997-10-02 | 1999-06-02 | Motoyoshi Akio | Method and apparatus for quantum communication |
| US6424665B1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2002-07-23 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Ultra-bright source of polarization-entangled photons |
| CN1301972A (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2001-07-04 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Active rubidium atom resonance light filter |
| WO2001086855A2 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2001-11-15 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Apparatus for free-space quantum key distribution in daylight |
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| CN1545228A (en) | 2004-11-10 |
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