CN1254422A

CN1254422A - Downloading computer file from transmitter via receiver/decoder to computer

Info

Publication number: CN1254422A
Application number: CN97182180A
Authority: CN
Inventors: E·梅约; J－B·G·M·伯奎
Original assignee: Canal Plus SA
Current assignee: Canal Plus SA
Priority date: 1997-03-21
Filing date: 1997-04-25
Publication date: 2000-05-24
Also published as: HUP0001481A3; JP2001521692A; ZA973606B; NZ500199A; IL131933A0; NO994533D0; BR9714590A; AU2888097A; PL335779A1; TR199902272T2; HUP0001481A2; WO1998043162A1; NO994533L; EP1010068A1; AU739663B2; CA2284147A1

Abstract

The file, or a part thereof, is divided into a series of R groups of data, and each of the groups is subdivided into a series of C blocks of the data. A group of C redundancy blocks is generated, each redundancy block being related to respective ones of the data blocks in the R groups by being a bitwise exclusive OR or NOR of those data blocks. Each of the groups of data blocks and the group of redundancy blocks are repeatedly transmitted from the transmitter. At the receiver/decoder, at least some of the transmitted blocks are received and supplied to the computer. The computer is used to determine for at least one of the received redundancy blocks whether that redundancy block and all except one of its respective data blocks have been received, and if so regenerate said one data block. Lost data blocks can be regenerated without waiting for retransmitting.

Description

By receiver/decoder from transmitter to the downloaded computer documents

The present invention relates to:

A kind of method by receiver/decoder (for example being a digital satellite TV set top box) (for example being a PC or workstation) downloading computer file from transmitter (for example being the digital satellite television upstream transmitter) to computing machine;

Be used for carrying out the computing machine of a part of said method;

Storing a kind of recording medium (for example being disk or CD-ROM) that is used for to the computer program of computer processor unit programming;

A kind of MPEG transmission system; And

A kind of receiver/decoder, it is used to receive the table of MPEG video and/or audio data and the data block of computer file data.

The appearance of digital transmission system is originally and is used for broadcast television signal, particularly do not get rid of satellite TV system and all have the possibility that is used to develop other purposes at this interior type systematic.This one of them be used for being terminal user's downloading computer file or software exactly.

The data error that occurs in this transmission system is much.Although the employing interpositioning often can be covered the mistake in video and the voice data, as long as there is the mistake of a bit that file is done in the computer documents.

A first aspect of the present invention specially refers to by a kind of method of receiver/decoder from transmitter to the downloaded computer documents, and this method may further comprise the steps: file is divided into data block; Send data block from transmitter; On receiver/decoder, receive the data block that sends; And the data block that reception is provided to computing machine from receiver/decoder.In data block, generally include the CRC code, can be used for testing its validity, and can transmit this data block repeatedly usually, therefore, if when sending for the first time, do not have to receive indivedual or whole data blocks exactly, receive in the time of can also or sending in the second time next time.The problem of this scheme is if can not receive one or more data block effectively, just needs the extra time to receive file.Under opposite extreme situations, iff being to receive last data block effectively, the required T.T. amount of file in download approximately doubles.Another problem of this scheme is, if not being the order according to its transmission, data block is not downloaded, for example be that the stand-by period of last several data blocks just may be very long because the speed of downloading to receiver/decoder to the speed ratio transmitter of downloaded from receiver/decoder is low.Under opposite extreme situations, even can receive all data blocks effectively, the stand-by period of last data block almost can be near sending whole one group of time that data block is required.

According to a first aspect of the present invention provide a kind of by receiver/decoder the method from transmitter to the downloaded computer documents, this method may further comprise the steps: with file or its part is divided into a series of R data set, each group is subdivided into a series of C data block again; Produce one group of C redundant block, separately a data block was associated during different OR by these data blocks being carried out bit-by-bit or NOR computing made each redundant block and R is organized; Send each group data block and redundant block in groups from transmitter; On receiver/decoder, receive the data block of certain some transmission at least; The data block of reception is provided to computing machine from receiver/decoder; And at least one the redundant block that receives, determine except one, whether all to be received in this redundancy block and its each data block by computing machine, if, just by an above-mentioned data block is born in redundant block and different OR or NOR computing that each data block that receives is carried out bit-by-bit again.

For fear of query, meaning of the different OR operation of the bit-by-bit that many data blocks are carried out carried out XOR with separately a bit in each bit of first block and second block, and separately a bit in its result and the 3rd block is carried out XOR, be performed until last block.For easy, first bit of first block and first bit of second block are carried out XOR, and first bit of its result and the 3rd block is carried out XOR, up to the result who provides first bit, and the second, the three bit or the like all is similar.Yet, also can in xor operation, adopt predetermined different arrangement modes by each bit to block.Under the situation that adopts different NOR rather than xor operation, also can obtain similar effects.

A first aspect of the present invention has special advantage when the approaching end of file down operation, if there is a data block not receive, can bear this data block again according to each the redundant block that has received and each data block, not necessarily will wait to be sent and receive the data block of being left effectively.If when sending or receiving a specific block, go wrong, when sending or receiving, just also can go wrong probably with the next block in a string C block.Yet if can suitably select numerical value C, the possibility that goes wrong during block of correspondence in a string C block under sending or receiving will be smaller.Certainly, increasing this redundant block will inevitably make the required time of all blocks of transmission increase 100/R%.Yet if can suitably select numerical value C, the present invention has surpassed its shortcoming in the benefit that this is brought on the one hand.Typical numerical value C and R can be chosen to be 50 and 10 respectively.

Can only carry out the redundant block of minority and determine and regeneration step, mainly be when the approaching end of file down operation.Yet preferably the redundant block that each that all has been received except in each data block is received is carried out this definite and regeneration step.Under latter event, this method may further include determines the data block that receives the when step of any remaining data piece of enough having regenerated, and receives other data block or its above-mentioned part of file subsequently.Therefore, regeneration step can occur in and receive after the block that is necessary.

Numerical value R and C can fix the All Files down operation.Yet, for dirigibility is provided, preferably further comprise the step of representing the data of R and C numerical value from the transmitter emission in this method, receive R and C data at the receiver place, and R and C data are offered computing machine; Computing machine can use the R and the C data that offer it to operate, and is used for determining those associated data blocks of each redundant block.

The order of block should be such, promptly R of the individual redundant block of i (i=1 is to C) in the redundant block of C in groups and C data block organize in i data block of each group be associated.Yet also can adopt other relation.

Provide the computing machine of the part in a kind of method that is used for carrying out first aspect present invention according to a second aspect of the present invention, this computing machine comprises: be used for receiving from receiver/decoder the device of block; Be used for handling the device that receives block, treating apparatus is programmed, at at least one the redundant block that receives, determine except one, whether all to be received in this redundancy block and its each data block, if, just by an above-mentioned data block is born in redundant block and different OR or NOR computing that each data block that receives is carried out bit-by-bit again; And be used for storing the data block that receives and the device of any playback of data piece.

Preferably work out the program for the treatment of apparatus like this, each the redundant block that receives that all has been received except at each data block is carried out and is thisly determined and regeneration step.In this case, preferably work out the program for the treatment of apparatus like this, determine to have received the data block of any remaining data piece of enough regeneration, receive other data block or its above-mentioned part of file with the relief receiving trap when.

Receive the data of representing numerical value R and C with receiving trap, and treating apparatus is programmed, determine those data blocks that each redundant block is associated with R and C data.

The program for the treatment of apparatus should be able to link together the data block of the data block that receives and any this regeneration and reconstitute computer documents or its part, and stores file or its part that reconstitutes with memory storage.

Provide a kind of recording medium according to a third aspect of the present invention, the aforesaid operations mode that is used for storing according to second aspect present invention is a kind of computer program of the treating apparatus programming of computing machine.

Comprise according to a kind of MPEG transmission system that fourth aspect present invention provided: be used for dividing needs and download the file or the device of its part of giving receiver/decoder, file is divided into a series of R data set, again each group is subdivided into a series of C data block; Be used for producing the device of one group of C redundant block, separately a data block was associated during different OR by these data blocks being carried out bit-by-bit or NOR computing made each redundant block and R is organized; And the device that is used for sending each group data block and redundant block group.

A fifth aspect of the present invention also relate to a kind of by receiver/decoder the method from transmitter to the downloaded computer documents, this method may further comprise the steps: file is divided into data block; From transmitter, send this data block repeatedly; On receiver/decoder, receive the data block that sends; And from receiver/decoder, the data block that receives is offered computing machine.

Send data block from transmitter to receiver/decoder with fixing data rate, normally 700kbit/s.In order on the different various computing machines of ability, to use this receiver/decoder and to give full play to the ability of computing machine, receiver/decoder need be according to the various patterns with different pieces of information speed to the downloaded data block, such as IEEE 1284 ECP-patterns, its typical data rate is 1Mbit/s, IEEE 1284 parallel byte-patterns, its typical data rate is 400kbit/s, IEEE 1284 parallel fragmentations-pattern, its typical data rate is 150 to 200kbit/s, and RS-232 serial mode, its the highest data rate approximately is 115kbit/s, and typical data rate is then much lower than this.

If the input data rate of receiver/decoder is faster than the output data rate of receiver/decoder, just need take certain measure to guarantee that all data blocks can both receive and download to computing machine.Can provide an impact damper in receiver/decoder, its capacity is enough stored a complete computer documents for this reason.Yet, do very expensive like this.Or can estimate minimum data rate from the receiver/decoder to the computing machine, be divided into the data rate of receiver/decoder expection, obtain the integer X that a carry rounds off thus, then when receiving X data block just once to downloaded, just in each stage, receive N/X data block, just this stage need be repeated X time and download all N data block.Yet its validity depends on the accurate estimation to computer data speed, because the speed of data changes often, this accuracy is impossible.In addition, if lost a specific data block, this method also can be brought many-sided problem.A fifth aspect of the present invention is exactly a kind of scheme that will seek to address these problems.

Comprise the steps: file is divided into many (N) individual block according to a kind of method of receiver/decoder of passing through that fifth aspect present invention provided from transmitter to the downloaded computer documents; Send the block of file from the transmitter repeatedly, each block all has a sign of this block; And on receiver/decoder: the sign that N initial reset is provided for each block; And following step is carried out in circulation: a block that receives existing transmission; And the sign that has determined whether to set this block, if do not have, just provide this block to computing machine, and set the sign of this block from receiver/decoder; Up to having set all signs.

This shows that the order that receiver/decoder receives block is not a major issue.Receiver/decoder can determine whether to need a block, if just this block is downloaded to computing machine.If can be as the speed of receiver/decoder being downloaded block fastly from receiver/decoder to the downloaded block, even be not that all most blocks also can be downloaded in order.Yet, if receiver/decoder can not use speed fast like that when receiver/decoder is downloaded block to the downloaded block, for example be the speed that half is only arranged, the block of downloading in a stage often will change, and remaining block need be downloaded in the next stage.If changed to speed that receiver/decoder is downloaded with from the ratio between the speed of receiver/decoder download, then above-mentioned scheme will automatically be adjusted staggered block.

Preferably after providing step each time, send the affirmation that the block that is provided is provided to receiver/decoder, and be to carry out when the affirmation that receives this block the setting step of each block by computing machine.Therefore, if computing machine is not confirmed a block exactly, receiver/decoder just catches effective next time chance to download this block once more.

This method further comprises the step of repetition said method, but the step that sign is not resetted.Like this,, just can recover this method for down loading if when receiving block, occur interrupting, and needn't those blocks that have been received of repeated downloads.

Be used to receive the table of MPEG video and/or audio data and the block of computer file data according to a kind of receiver/decoder that sixth aspect present invention provided, computer documents wherein is that the form with N this block receives, receive block circularly, and the sign that comprises this block in each block, this receiver/decoder comprises: be used for storing the device of the sign of N initial reset, the corresponding computer documents block of each sign; Be used for keeping in the device of the computer documents block that receives at present; Offer the device of computing machine with being stored in block in the block memory storage; And control device, be used for determining in the sign memory storage, whether to have set the sign of the block that receives at present, if no, just allow the block generator provide this block to computing machine, and in the sign memory storage, set the sign of this block from the block memory storage.

This receiver/decoder should further comprise and is used for receiving expression has received the affirmation information of a block from the block generator device from computing machine, and respond the sign that the block confirmation that receives is set this block with control device wherein.

Under the situation about after disconnecting connection, sign not being resetted, the reception that preferably recovers the computer documents block by control device.

The block generator can be a kind of in the middle of the block receiving trap of above-mentioned number of different types, for example is at least two that comprise in the following port: ECP-type IEEE parallel port; Byte type IEEE parallel port; Sectional type IEEE parallel port; And RS-232 serial port.

It should be noted that by the feature of receiver/decoder from transmitter can adopt the present invention first and the 5th simultaneously to the method for downloaded computer documents aspect.

Below to best features of the present invention be described by way of example with reference to accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 represents the general structure of a digital television system;

The structure of an interactive system in the digital television system of Fig. 2 presentation graphs 1;

Fig. 3 constitutes shown in Fig. 1 and 2 the interface synoptic diagram of a receiver/decoder of a part in the system;

Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of a telepilot using in this digital television system;

Fig. 5 represent to constitute one can downloaded files the block structure;

Fig. 6 represents the block order in the file download process;

Fig. 7 represents the functional block diagram of receiver/decoder during the file down operation;

Fig. 8-the 12nd, some process flow diagrams are represented the program of carrying out during the file down operation respectively in receiver/decoder;

Figure 13 represent to constitute one can downloaded files another kind of block structure;

Figure 14 is the detailed maps of first matrix in the block shown in Figure 13;

Figure 15 is a descriptor matrix of block shown in Figure 13;

Figure 16 is a process flow diagram, is illustrated in when prepare downloading a file program of carrying out in the operation of television system and data restorer; And

Figure 17 is a process flow diagram, the program of carrying out on computers during the expression file down operation.

In Fig. 1, represented overview according to digital television system 1000 of the present invention.The present invention includes and use known MPEG-2 compressibility to send the prevailing digital television system 2000 of compression digital signal.Specifically, the MPEG-2 compressor reducer 2002 with the broadcasting center receives a digital signal streams (normally video signal flow).By link 2006 compressor reducer 2002 is connected to a multiplexing and scrambler 2004.Multiplexer 2004 also will receive a plurality of through scramble or more transparent input signal stream in addition, and sends compressed digital signal by the transmitter 2008 of various forms of links 2010 to the broadcasting center that comprises telecommunication line.Transmitter 2008 sends electromagnetic signal by uplink 2012 to satellite repeater 2014, broadcasts to the ground receiver 2018 such as parabola antenna one class that the terminal user had or leased by domestic downgoing line 2016 after the process electronic processing on satellite.The signal that receiver 2008 receives is sent to the integrated receiver/decoder 2020 that the terminal user has or leases, and is connected on terminal user's the televisor 2022.With the MPEG-2 signal interpretation of 2020 pairs of compressions of receiver/decoder, become the TV signal of televisor 2022.

Part is positioned at the conditional access system 3000 that broadcasting center and part be located at other broadcast provider places is connected to multiplexer 2004 and receiver/decoder 2020.Can insert receiver/decoder 2020 to the smart card of the decrypts information that relates to commercial source (one or more TV programme of selling just) with one by broadcast provider.The terminal user use this code translator 2020 and smart card just can be according to subscribing manner or the mode of paying when at every turn watching purchase from commercial source.

Equally also be that part is arranged in the interactive system 4000 that broadcasting center and part be located at code translator and also is connected to multiplexer 2004 and receiver/decoder 2020, allow the terminal user can be by the various interactive operations of modulation backward channel 4002 execution.

Fig. 2 represents the general structure of the interactive TV system 4000 of digital television system 1000 of the present invention.

For example, interactive system 4000 allows terminal users according to the buying of the catalogue on screen article, consults local news and meteorological map as required and plays games by his televisor.

Interactive system 4000 comprises four critical pieces generally:

Be located at the edit tool 4004 that broadcasting center etc. is located, produce, exploitation, debugging and test jobs for broadcast provider;

Be connected to operation and data server 4006 on the edit tool 4004 in the broadcasting center, be prepared supplying with multiplexing and operation and data scrambler 2004 for broadcast provider, identify and format, so that insert the MPEG-2 transmission data stream (normally private fragment wherein) of preparing to be broadcast to the terminal user;

A virtual machine that comprises instrument working time (RTE) 4008, it is the run time version in a kind of terminal user of being installed in receiver/decoder 2020 of having or leasing, the terminal user can be received operation, identify, decompress, and carry out in the working storage with its code translator 2020 of packing into.Instrument 4008 can also move resident general operation.The hardware of instrument 4008 and operating system are independently; And

Be in the modulation backward channel 4002 between receiver/decoder 2020 and operation and the data server 4006, can transmit at MPEG-2 with signal instruction server 4006 according to terminal user's requirement and insert data and operation in the data stream.

Interactive TV system uses " operation " to control the function of receiver/decoder and dress various device within it.Operation is present in the instrument 4008 with the form of " resource file ".One " module " is one group of resource file and data.One " memory bank " of receiver/decoder is the storage space that the confession under directions module is used.Module can transmit from MPEG-2 and download to receiver/decoder 2020 data stream.

The physical interface of receiver/decoder 2020 is used to data download.Referring to Fig. 3, six download equipments have for example been comprised in the code translator 2020; MPEG-2 data stream tuner 4028, serial line interface 4030, parallel interface 4032, modulator-demodular unit 4034 and two card reader 4036.

For convenience of explanation, operation is meant one section computer code of the Premium Features that are used for controlling receiver/decoder 2020.For example, when the terminal user is placed on the focal position of a telepilot 2026 (details of having represented it among Fig. 4) on the button target can seeing from the screen of televisor 2022 and presses effective key, just bring into operation and this button corresponding instruction sequence.

Interactive operation can be recommended menu and execute instruction according to terminal user's requirement, and the data about the operation purposes are provided.Operation can be resident, just is stored in the operation among the ROM (or FLASH or other nonvolatile memories) of receiver/decoder 2020, or broadcasting and download to operation among the RAM (or FLASH) of receiver/decoder 2020.

The example of operation has:

·Initiating?Application。Receiver/decoder 2020 is equipped with resident initialization operation, is fit to be used for collecting allow receiver/decoder 2020 enter the module (following also will specifically define this term) of MPEG-2 operating environment immediately.The core feature that this operation provides broadcast provider can make amendment when needed.It can also provide an interface between the operation of resident operation and download.

·Startup?Application。The starting operation can make download or all resident operations move on receiver/decoder 2020.This operation is a kind of boot of carrying out when the operation that begins to start a business.To start operation downloads among the RAM so that upgrade.So just can directly select and move the interactive operation on each channel after downloading or after the prepackage.The prepackage situation under, download to operation in the storer 2024 and when needed by the starting operation start.

·Program?Guide。Program guide is a kind of interactive operation, and it can provide the full information about program.For example can be provided on each channel of Digital Television supplier all TV programme for information about.As long as press a button on the telepilot 2026, the terminal user just can enter of overlapping on the image that shows on televisor 2022 screens and add screen.This interpolation screen is a browser, has provided the information of the current and subsequent program that Digital Television supplier provides on each channel.As long as press another button on the telepilot 2026, the terminal user just can enter an operation, shows the catalogue of all program information.The terminal user also can directly retrieve program according to custom and classify.The terminal user can also directly enter a selected channel.

·Pay?Per?View?Application。The operation of paying when at every turn watching is a kind of interactive service that digital TV supplier is cooperating conditional access system 3000 to provide on each PPV channel.The terminal user can by the TV guiding or the channel browsing device enters this operation.In addition, in case just this operation of starting automatically when on the PPV channel, detecting a PPV project.The terminal user can buy current project by his sub-smart card 3020 or by the communication server 3022 (using modulator-demodular unit, phone and DTME code, MINITEL or the like).Operation can reside among the ROM of receiver/decoder 2020, or downloads among the RAM of receiver/decoder 2020.

PC Download operation.The terminal user can download operation downloading computer software with PC.

Magazine Browser operation.The operation of magazine browser comprises the television image of a loop play, comes the guiding terminal user by the button on the screen.

The Quiz operation.The question and answer operation should be synchronous with the broadcasting information please, and for example the problem with multiple choices is presented on the screen of televisor 2022, and the user can select an answer with telepilot 2026.The question and answer operation can inform whether his answer of user is correct, and preserves user's achievement.

The Teleshopping operation.In an example of electronic business transaction operation, the price of sale article is sent to receiver/decoder 2020 and is presented on the televisor 2022.The user can choose specific article with telepilot 2026.To purchase order by the backward channel 4002 of modulation and send to independently marketing system of operation and data server 4006 or, its telephone number can download on the receiver/decoder in advance, can also bill be charged to credit card in the card reader 4036 that is inserted in receiver/decoder 2020 with an order.

The Telebanking operation.In an example of e-bank's things operation, the user inserts bank card in the card reader 4036 of receiver/decoder 2020.The telephone number that receiver/decoder 2020 usefulness are stored on the bank card or in the receiver/decoder dials to user's bank, provide the many convenient projects that can use telepilot 2026 to select by operation then, for example be to download a financial statement by telephone line, between the account, transfer accounts request check book or the like.

Internet Browser operation.In an example of internet browser operation, an instruction from the user for example is to ask to consult a webpage with specific URL to be transfused to by telepilot 2026, and the Return Channel 4002 by modulation sends to operation and data server 4006 then.Then suitable webpage is included in the transmission of broadcasting center, by uplink 2012, transponder 2014 and downgoing line 2016 receive, and are presented on the televisor 2022 by receiver/decoder 2020.

Below want specific explanations PC to download the characteristics of operation.The concrete technical matters that needs to solve is that computing machine often needs with certain data rate downloading computer software, and this speed is different often with the speed of broadcasting.For example, this difference may not wait from 9kbit/s to 1000kbit/s, and the software that sends by the MPEG-2 data stream may be 500kbit/s.

In order to address this problem, in the broadcasting center software is separated into N block (referring to Fig. 5), then it is inserted repeatedly in the private section of MPEG (referring to Fig. 6).Comprise a bitmap that is used for describing all software blocks in the receiver/decoder 2020.When beginning to download, each bit in the bitmap is placed zero.The step that downloads is as follows: read the block number; If bit=0 just sends block to receiving computer; Verify block by receiving computer, and send a confirmation in good time.Receiving computer needs self the software that normally is contained on the floppy disk and combines with each block in sending software.Come control flow with staggered automatically means.Given broadcasting data rate is unalterable, to the execution of round-robin block is staggered automatically in order.Bit rate according to receiving computer sends data with the sequential loop that for example per three to four blocks one change to receiver/decoder 2020, until receiving all blocks.

If having lost a block just may go wrong.Generally speaking, the way that addresses this problem is to adopt the redundant principle of XOR function.In data stream, add additional redundant block, can derive the numerical value of losing block according to redundant block where necessary.

To explain in detail that below PC downloads operation.During PC downloads, normally with the typical data speed of 700kbit/s by mpeg data stream tuner 4028 from transponder 2014 to receiver/decoder 2020 data download, and by parallel interface 4032 or serial line interface 4030 from receiver/decoder 2020 to the downloaded data.Receiver/decoder can support computing machine to pass through parallel interface 4032 according to the IEEE 1284 ECP-patterns download of typical 1Mbit/s data rate, download with byte-pattern according to typical 400kbit/s data rate, and download with segmentation-pattern to the 200kbit/s data rate according to typical 150.Receiver/decoder can also support that by serial line interface 4030 usefulness RS-232 patterns to downloaded, its highest data rate approximately is 115kbit/s, and typical data rate is then much lower than this.For a kind of dirigibility is provided, receiver/decoder 2020 can provide these all patterns to downloaded, and the user tends to select the fastest effective downloading mode.

If it is faster than the data rate of receiver/decoder 2020 outputs to enter the data rate of receiver/decoder 2020, just need take measures to guarantee that all data blocks can both receive and download on the computing machine.An impact damper can be set in receiver/decoder 2020, its capacity is enough stored a complete computer documents for this reason.Yet, do very expensive like this.Or can estimate minimum data rate from receiver/decoder 2020 to computing machine, be divided into receiver/decoder 2020 desired data rates, obtain the integer X that a carry rounds off thus, then when receiving X data block just once to downloaded, just in each stage, receive N/X data block, just this stage need be repeated X time and download all N data block.Yet its validity depends on the accurate estimation to computer data speed, because the speed of data changes often, this accuracy is impossible.In addition, if lost a specific data block, this method also can be brought many-sided problem.

In order to address these problems, during the PC down operation, to arrange the function of receiver/decoder 2020 according to mode shown in Figure 7.Incoming bit stream from receiver 2018 enters a block measuring ability frame 10, and can offer impact damper 14A or impact damper 14B by a selector switch 12.Then, a selected impact damper 14A, the content of 14B can offer upward corresponding port of PC14 by a selector switch 16 and selected parallel port 4032 or serial port 4030.Impact damper 14A, 14B and bitmap 20 are that a part of RAM by receiver/decoder 2020 constitutes.Controlling block measuring ability frame 10, selector switch 12,16, impact damper 14A, 14B, parallel and serial port 4032,4030 and bitmap 20 by being used for moving the processor 22 that PC downloads operation.

Below the working method of receiver/decoder 2020 during the PC down operation to be described with reference to the flow process of Fig. 8 to 12.During initialize routine, as shown in Figure 8, in the step 24, detect the block of a reception, and determine the quantity N of block in prefix, to comprise the numbering i of this block and the total N of block according to the prefix of each block with block detection block 10.In the step 26, produce the bitmap 20 that a units equals number N, and each bit is reset to 0.In the

step

28,30, impact damper A sign and impact damper B sign all are set to " sky ".In example as herein described, the state that these signs may occur has " sky ", " expiring " and " emptying ".In the step 32, set output mode to PC.In the step 34, carry out the transition to as Fig. 9 the program that 10A, 10B, 11A, six shown in the 11B and 12 carry out basically simultaneously then from initialize routine.

The program that Fig. 9 represents is used to the control beginning to impact damper 14A, and 14B downloads.Program is waited in the step 36, is detected a new block up to block detection block 10.When detecting a new block, block detection block 10 just detects the numbering i of these new blocks in the step 38.In the step 40, verify bit b (i) and whether be set at 1, if just ignore this block, and allow program get back to starting point with bitmap 20.If not, just test buffer A sign is " sky " in the step 42, if just in the step 44 impact damper A sign is set at " expiring ", begin block to be downloaded among the impact damper 14A in the step 46 then, get back to starting point with the relief program by selector switch 12.In the step 42, if impact damper A sign is not to be set at " sky ", just test buffer B sign is " sky " in the step 48.If, just in the step 50, impact damper B sign is set at " expiring ", begin block to be downloaded among the impact damper 14B in the step 52 then by selector switch 12, get back to starting point with the relief program.If the impact damper sign all is not set at " sky " in the step 42 and 48, just allow program get back to starting point.

The program that Figure 10 A represents is carried out when finishing to impact damper 14A download block.Program is waited in the step 54, is detected the end of block up to block detection block 10.The CRC that comprises in step 56,58 usefulness blocks verifies block then.If block is good, just impact damper A sign is set to " expiring " in the step 60, otherwise, if block is bad, just impact damper A sign is set at " sky " in the step 60, just ignore this block in this case.In a corresponding program that finishes when impact damper 14B downloads block, to carry out shown in Figure 10 B.

The program that Figure 11 A represents is used to control and downloads a block from impact damper 14A to PC.Program waits for that in the step 64 impact damper A sign is set to " expiring ".In the step 66, verify impact damper B sign then and whether be set at " emptying ", if program is emptied fully with regard to pending buffer device 14B.In the step 68 impact damper A sign is set at " emptying " then.Then in the step 70, begin by the block i of selector switch 16 in PC18 download impact damper 14A according to the pattern of setting.Program waits for downloads in the step 74 and finishes.In the step 74, verify affirmation information then from PC18.If the information of receiving the confirmation, just step 76 with bitmap 20 in the bit b (i) of block i be set at 1, in the step 78 impact damper B sign is set to " sky " then.Get back to starting point with the relief program.If do not receive the confirmation information, just omit step 76, the block that will abandon downloading like this in the step 74.Also to carry out a corresponding program shown in Figure 11 B, be used for controlling and download a block to PC18 from impact damper 14A.

The program that Figure 12 represents is used to verify the download work of whether having finished computer documents.Verify in the step 80 whether all bit b (1) all have been set to 1 to b (N) in the bitmap 20, if the file down operation of receiver/decoder 2020 leaves it at that.

From above as can be seen, the order that receiver/decoder 2020 receives blocks is inessential.Receiver/decoder 2020 can determine whether to need a block, if, just block is put into impact damper 14A, in the middle of the 14B one, and till waiting when by the time PC18 is ready to receive this block always.If block is verified by CRC, or block do not obtain the affirmation of PC18, and receiver/decoder 2020 is just downloaded same block effective opportunity once more next time.If can download block from receiver/decoder 2020 to PC18 as the speed of receiver/decoder 2020 being downloaded block, fastly even be not that all most blocks also can be downloaded in order.Yet, if receiver/decoder 2020 can not use speed fast like that when receiver/decoder 2020 is downloaded block to the downloaded block, for example be the speed that half is only arranged, the block of downloading in a stage often will change, and remaining block need be downloaded in the next stage.If changed to speed that receiver/decoder 2020 is downloaded with from the ratio between the speed of receiver/decoder 2020 downloads, then above-mentioned scheme will automatically be adjusted staggered block.

Except function software, the needed storer of above-mentioned layout is two impact damper 14A, 14B and bitmap 20.The size of a block may be 2k byte (although also can comprise nearly 4k byte in single MPEG-2 table), and maximum block quantity is 2 in file ¹⁶Individual block.Therefore, impact damper 14A, the needed storer of 14B is exactly the 4k byte, and the storer of bitmap 20 is 2 ¹⁶/ 8=8k byte is the 12k byte altogether, and the file of the maximum that can download is 2 ¹⁶* 2k byte=128M byte.

In above-mentioned structure, the program of PC18 is such, whenever receiving a block, just according to the filename that comprises block numbering i block is write the hard disk of PC18.Then, when receiving all blocks, the data in N the file are brought together in order bear original computer documents again.

Below to a kind of modification to said structure be described with reference to Fig. 5 to 12, the situation when being used for handling connection between broadcasting center and the receiver/decoder 2020 and occurring being interrupted, the user can suitably select whether to need to recover down operation.If, just ask file in download in a manner mentioned above, just omitted the step 26 among Fig. 8, the bit b (1) that just will not have now in the bitmap 20 arrives b (N) reset-to-zero.So just can recover down operation, and not need to download again the block of having finished download.

Below to explain the redundancy concept that adopts the XOR function in detail.In said structure as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, data block is considered to only sequential block 1 to N.And be that block is arranged to a series of matrix in the structure of the following stated, shown in Figure 13 to 15, comprise the block of (R+1) row and C row in each matrix.Particularly as shown in figure 14, in first matrix (matrix 1), the delegation on the top comprises the block of numbering i=1 to C, and next line comprises the block of numbering i=C+1 to 2C, the rest may be inferred up to lowermost delegation, and it comprises the block of numbering i=RC+1 to (R+1) C.According to the numbering of situation more generally with the j representing matrix, as shown in figure 15, comprise in the top line numbering i=(j-1) (R+1) C+1 comprise the block of numbering i=(j (R+1)-1) C+1 in the end row to the block of ((j-1) (R+1)+1) C to j (R+1) C.In matrix j on the general position of the capable c of r row, the numbering of block is i=((j-1) (R+1)+(r-1)) C+c.In these matrixes, the block (r=1 is to R) in all row except end row is separated data block in the computer documents of preparing to download.Yet the block in the end row (r=R+1) is to have been calculated by operation and data server 4006 and add redundant block in the MPEG bit stream to.Specifically, as shown in figure 16, in the step 100, will prepare downloaded files and be divided into the data block that respectively accounts for the 2k byte.In the step 102, set the numerical value of R and C.In the step 104, matrix is numbered counter j and be set at 1.In the step 106, read the RC data block of beginning, with its capable matrix of C row R as these data blocks.In the step 108, go out a redundant block of these row to each column count of C at c=1.It specifically is exactly the XOR computing of the data block in each row being carried out bit-by-bit.In the step 110 with redundant block as matrix in additional end row r=(R+1).The step add in 112 block numbering i=(j-1) (R+1) C+1 add block numbering i=(j (R+1)-1) C+1 to the prefix of j (R+1) C, and store these blocks to the prefix of (j (R+1)-1) C as redundant block as data block.The ending that whether test has arrived file in the step 114, if not, just in the step 116, matrix counter j is increased 1.RC data block to the back repeats to go on foot 102 to 108 then.Last till till the ending of computer documents always.In catalogue or index MPEG-2 table, add the inlet of file then, comprise the title of file, the numerical value of size and date stamp and R and C.Be ready for sending treated data block and redundant block then.

If the user need download a such file with receiver/decoder 2020, just can be from catalogue or index the inlet of select File, and provide the fileinfo that comprises numerical value R and C to PC18 by receiver/decoder 2020.Then, in the process of PC18 file in download, receiver/decoder 2020 has not needed other any effects except the described method of reference Fig. 7 to 12.Yet, need program (be loaded into the program on the PC18 or download to program on the PC18) to handle redundant block according to following method from receiver/decoder 2020 from floppy disk or CD-ROM with PC18.Generally speaking, when PC18 detected the redundant block of having downloaded, whether the redundant block that it will be verified and receive all had been received except one in the middle of being in all data blocks of same row of same matrix.If PC18 just bears the data block of losing again by the XOR computing that the data block that receives and redundant block are carried out bit-by-bit, and the data block of the data block storing, regenerating that has received from receiver/decoder 2020 as.

Specifically, referring to Figure 17, in initialization step 120, PC18 receives numerical value R and C, receives a block in the step 122 then.PC18 extracts block numbering i from the prefix that receives block in the step 124.In the step 126, PC18 is used as block as block i and stores.In the step 128, send a confirmation to receiver/decoder 2020.In the step 130, whether PC18 will verify only to have received in each row in C broomrape owns (R-1) individual blocks except one.This can finish by the catalogue of verifying on the hard disk that is used for storing block among the PC18, or considers the former of speed thereby adopt a bitmap in the storer of PC18 to finish, and all is provided with mark for the block of each storage in bitmap.If stored all blocks except only in each row, the block that receives is just enough, and program just enters the step 132, receives next block otherwise just allow program turn back to the step 122.Step 132 is being controlled a FOR-NEXT circulation.Whether PC18 has received data block all in these row (R-1 data block just) surely at each Lieque in the step 134.If the FOR-NEXT circulation just enters next column.Yet, just in the step 136, bear the data block of losing again by the XOR computing that the data block that received and redundant block are carried out bit-by-bit if not, PC18.Then, the data block of PC18 storing, regenerating in the step 138, and allow the FOR-NEXT circulation enter next column.Finishing the FOR-NEXT circulation time, program enters the step 140, the computer documents of from the data block that receives, regenerating, and in the step 142, computer documents is stored on the hard disk of PC18.In the step 134, can determine that a block is data block or redundant block by the authenticity of verifying 0＜i-jRC≤this relation of C, ((i-1)/(R+1) C+1 determines matrix numbering j wherein, and int () represents the integral part of () according to j=int.If this block is exactly redundant block, if not, it is exactly a data block.

Above-mentioned structure can solve two subject matters.First problem is to have simplified from transponder 2014 to ground receiver 2018 bit stream disruption problem.Obviously, if this interruption has had influence on a specific block i, just also can be affected probably with the next block i+1 in the delegation.Numerical value C is chosen such that and allows in the same row next block i+1 also may affected likelihood ratio less.So long as can receive R central block of the individual block of each row (R+1) exactly, adopt redundant block and bit-by-bit XOR computing accurately just can bear remaining block again.Another problem is about receive the problem of the effective speed of block when finishing at the file down operation.Obviously, iff in order to wait for a block, latent period is long as the needed time of all blocks in sending file probably.Adopt above-mentioned structure, if only there is a few data block to need to wait for, enough redundant blocks of energy and the data block that has received bear the probability of these several data blocks again than higher.Certainly should be noted that also that the additional redundant block of transmission has increased the needed time of complete file that sends, thereby need be by the numerical value of suitably selecting C and R interrupt and reduce the advantage that the stand-by period brought of last several blocks and increased between the shortcoming that overall transmission time brought in addition balance handling transmission.Can select C and R numerical value by research or trial to statistical data.Yet typical numerical value should be C=50 and R=10.C and R should be greater than five.

In above-mentioned example, numerical value C and R have been compiled at file and have determined when block is ready for sending, and numerical value C and R are included in the catalogue or index of a file can downloading.Or the numerical value of predetermined C and R, and these numerical value are not included in catalogue or the concordance list, can program for PC18 in advance with numerical value C and R.

In above-mentioned example, when the downloading process of block lasts till the block quantity of having downloaded enough regeneration outfiles always till.And then bear the block of losing, and then regeneration outfile.In another example, if downloaded the redundant block of a certain row, and the data block in these row all has been downloaded except one, just can bear the data block of losing again, and, and could bear whole file again behind enough blocks that do not need to wait for downloads as situation about receiving.

In above-mentioned device, receiver/decoder 2020 has been taked the form of separating with PC18.Yet apparent, receiver/decoder 2020 also can be the part of PC18, for example is the card of an interpolation.

It is pointed out that above the description of this invention only is some examples, can also make amendment to its details within the scope of the invention.

At instructions, each feature that discloses in (suitable) claims and the accompanying drawing all is can be self-existent, or adopts any suitable combination.

In above-mentioned most preferred embodiment, realized some feature of the present invention with computer software.Yet those skilled in the art understands that obviously these features can realize with hardware.Be readily appreciated that also that in addition by hardware, the function that computer software or the like is carried out all is that electricity consumption and similar signal are carried out.

This paper and we are cross-references in the following pending application application that proposes on the same day, the title of these applications is: Signal Generation and Broadcasting (generation of signal and broadcasting) (agency is numbered PC/ASB/19707), Smartcard for use with a Receiverof Encrypted Broadcast Signals, and Recevier (smart card and the receiver that are used for the encrypted broadcast signals receiver) (agency is numbered PC/ASB/19708), Broadcast andReception System and Conditional Access System therefor (broadcasting and receiving system and conditional access system thereof) (agency is numbered PC/ASB/19710), Downloadinga Computer File from a Transmitter via a Recevier/Decoder to aComputer (by receiver/decoder from transmitter to the downloaded computer documents) (agency is numbered PC/ASB/19711), Transmission and Reception of TelevisionProgrammes and Other Data (transmission and the receptions of TV programme and other data) (agency is numbered PC/ASB/19712), Downloading Data (data download) (agency is numbered PC/ASB/19713), Computer Memory Organisation (Computer Storage structure) (agency is numbered PC/ASB/19714), Television or Radio Control SystemDevelopment (TV or Radio Control System system) (agency is numbered PC/ASB/19715), Extracting Data Sections from a Transmitted DataStream (from send data stream, extracting data segment) (agency is numbered PC/ASB/19716), Access Control System (access control system) (agency is numbered PC/ASB/19717), Data Processing System (data handling system) (agency is numbered PC/ASB/19718), and Broadcast and Reception System, andRecevier/Decoder and Remote Contrller therefor (broadcasting and receiving system and receiver/decoder thereof and telepilot) (agency is numbered PC/ASB/19720).The disclosed content of these documents all can supply this paper reference.In the catalogue of application, comprised this application.

Claims

One kind by receiver/decoder the method from transmitter to the downloaded computer documents, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

With file or its part is divided into a series of R data set, again each group is subdivided into a series of C data block;

Produce one group of C redundant block, separately a data block was associated during different OR by these data blocks being carried out bit-by-bit or NOR computing made each redundant block and R is organized;

Send each group data block and redundant block in groups from transmitter;

On receiver/decoder, receive the data block of certain some transmission at least;

The data block of reception is provided to computing machine from receiver/decoder; And

At at least one the redundant block that receives, determine except one, whether all to be received in this redundancy block and its each data block by computing machine, if, just by an above-mentioned data block is born in redundant block and different OR or NOR computing that each data block that receives is carried out bit-by-bit again.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentionedly determining and regeneration step is the redundant block that receives at each that its each data block all has been received except one.
3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that further may further comprise the steps, determine to have received the data block of any remaining data piece of enough regeneration, and receive other data block or its above-mentioned part of file subsequently when.
4. according to the method for one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that further may further comprise the steps, launch the data of representing R and C numerical value, receive R and C data at the receiver place, and R and C data are offered computing machine from transmitter; Computing machine wherein can use the R and the C data that offer it to operate, and is used for determining those associated data blocks of each redundant block.
5. according to the method for one of aforementioned claim, the order that it is characterized in that block is such, promptly R of the individual redundant block of i (i=1 is to C) in the redundant block of C in groups and C data block organize in i data block of each group be associated.
One kind by receiver/decoder the method from transmitter to the downloaded computer documents, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

File is divided into many (N) individual block;

Send the block of file from the transmitter repeatedly, each block all has a sign of this block; And

On receiver/decoder:

The sign of N initial reset is provided for each block; And following step is carried out in circulation: a block that receives existing transmission; And

Determined whether to set the sign of this block,, just provide this block to computing machine, and set the sign of this block from receiver/decoder if do not have;

Up to having set all signs.
7. according to the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that, after providing step, send the affirmation that the block that is provided is provided by computing machine to receiver/decoder, and the setting step of each above-mentioned block is to carry out when the affirmation that receives this block at every turn.
8. according to claim 6 or 7 method, it is characterized in that further comprising the step of the method for repetition claim 6 or 7, but the step that sign is not resetted.
9. according to a kind of method of one of claim 1 to 5 and claim 6 to 8.
Basically 10. a kind of as shown in drawings by receiver/decoder the method from transmitter to the downloaded computer documents.
11. one kind is used for enforcement of rights and requires the computing machine of the part in one of 1 to 5,9 and 10 the method, this computing machine comprises:

Be used for from the device of receiver/decoder reception block;

Be used for handling the device that receives block, treating apparatus is programmed, at at least one the redundant block that receives, determine except one, whether all to be received in this redundancy block and its each data block, if, just by an above-mentioned data block is born in redundant block and different OR or NOR computing that each data block that receives is carried out bit-by-bit again; And

Be used for storing the data block that receives and the device of any playback of data piece.
12., it is characterized in that treating apparatus is programmed, be used for carrying out above-mentioned determining and regeneration except one at each redundant block that receives that each data block all has been received according to the computing machine of claim 11.
13., it is characterized in that treating apparatus is programmed according to the computing machine of claim 12, determine to have received the data block of any remaining data piece of enough regeneration when, receive other data block or its above-mentioned part of file with the relief receiving trap.
14. according to the computing machine of one of claim 11 to 13, it is characterized in that receiving the data of representing R and C numerical value, and treating apparatus programmed, determine those data blocks that each redundant block is associated with R and C data with receiving trap.
15. computing machine according to one of claim 11 to 14, it is characterized in that treating apparatus is programmed, the data block of the data block that receives and any this regeneration linked together reconstitutes computer documents or its part, and stores file or its part that reconstitutes with memory storage.
16. a kind of as shown in drawings basically by receiver/decoder the computing machine from transmitter to the downloaded computer documents.
17. storing the recording medium that is used for to the computer program of the computer processor unit of one of claim 11 to 16 programming, operating for one kind according to the regulation of these claims.
18. one kind is used for storage computation machine program recording medium basically as shown in drawings.
19. a MPEG transmission system comprises:

Be used for dividing and need to download the file or the device of its part of giving receiver/decoder, file is divided into a series of R data set, again each group is subdivided into a series of C data block;

Be used for producing the device of one group of C redundant block, separately a data block was associated during different OR by these data blocks being carried out bit-by-bit or NOR computing made each redundant block and R is organized; And

Be used for launching the device of each group data block and redundant block group.
20. MPEG transmission system as shown in drawings basically.
21. receiver/decoder, be used for receiving the table of MPEG video and/or audio data and the block of computer file data, computer documents wherein is that the form with N this block receives, receive block circularly, and the sign that comprises this block in each block, this receiver/decoder comprises:

Be used for storing the device of the sign of N initial reset, the corresponding computer documents block of each sign;

Be used for keeping in the device of the computer documents block that receives at present;

Offer the device of computing machine with being stored in block in the block memory storage; And

Control device, be used for determining in the sign memory storage, whether to have set the sign of the block that receives at present, if no, just allow the block generator provide this block to computing machine, and in the sign memory storage, set the sign of this block from the block memory storage.
22. receiver/decoder according to claim 21, it is characterized in that further comprising being used for receiving expression has received the affirmation information of a block from the block generator device, and respond the sign that the block confirmation that receives is set this block with control device wherein from computing machine.
23. according to the receiver/decoder of claim 21 or 22, the reception that recovers the computer documents block by control device under the situation that it is characterized in that after disconnecting connection, sign not being resetted.
24., it is characterized in that the block generator is a kind of in the middle of the block receiving trap of above-mentioned number of different types according to the receiver/decoder of one of claim 21 to 23.
25., it is characterized in that above-mentioned multiple block generator comprises at least two in the following port: ECP-type IEEE parallel port according to the receiver/decoder of claim 24; Byte type IEEE parallel port; Sectional type IEEE parallel port; And RS-232 serial port.
26. receiver/decoder as shown in drawings basically.