CN1246206A - Method and apparatus for directional radio communication - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for directional radio communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN1246206A CN1246206A CN 97181796 CN97181796A CN1246206A CN 1246206 A CN1246206 A CN 1246206A CN 97181796 CN97181796 CN 97181796 CN 97181796 A CN97181796 A CN 97181796A CN 1246206 A CN1246206 A CN 1246206A
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Abstract
A method of directional radio communication and mobile communication network between a first station and a second mobile consists of the following steps. Consecutive bursts of communication data transmitted from the second station are identified at the first station. Respective beam directions from which sequential communication data bursts are received by the first station are determined from a plurality of adjacent beam directions. One or more of the beam directions are selected for transmission of signals from the first station to the second station so that when it is determined that the sequential communication data bursts are received by the first station from two different beam directions, the two different beam directions are simultaneously selected for transmission of the signal from the first station to the second station.
Description
The present invention relates to the method and apparatus of directional radio communication, wherein the signal between first base station and second base station is only to send on the direction of determining.Especially, but not only in this, the present invention can be used for using the cellular communications network of space division multiple access.
In the cellular communications network of current realization, a basic transceiver station (BTS) sends signal in order give to specify mobile radio station (MS), and this base transceiver station (BTS) generally sends signal in the whole sub-district of this base transceiver station service or cell sector.And space division multiple access (SDMA) system has been proposed now.In a space division multi-access, basic transceiver station can not send signal to an appointment mobile radio station in whole sub-district or cell sector, and only can send signal along the beam direction from the mobile radio station received signal.The SDMA system can also allow the definite direction from the mobile radio station received signal in basic transceiver station.
The SDMA system can obtain some advantages that surpass existing system.Particularly, because the beam that BTS sends is only sending on a specific direction, and the direction relative narrower, the power of transceiver can be focused on the narrow beam.Can determine that this method all can obtain signal to noise ratio preferably for the signal of basic transceiver station transmission and the signal of basic transceiver station reception.In addition, stand firm to the result of characteristic, can improve the signal to noise ratio of the signal of basic transceiver station reception as basic transceiver.And on sending direction, the directional characteristic of BTS allows on concentration of energy to a narrow beam, and the signal that makes BTS send can arrive distance mobile radio station far away, and power level is lower than the requirement of conventional BTS.This allows mobile radio station in the far local operate as normal in distance basic transceiver station, thereby means the sub-district that can increase Cellular Networks or the area of cell sector.Result as increasing the sub-district area can reduce required base station number, thereby reduce network charges.The SDMA system generally needs some antenna elements so that obtain required transmission and a plurality of different beam directions of received signal.Provide a plurality of antenna elements to increase the sensitivity of BTS received signal.This means that bigger sub-district area can not produce adverse influence from the mobile radio station received signal to BTS.
The SDMA system also can increase the capacity of system, promptly increased the quantity of the mobile radio station that system can support simultaneously.Its reason is the directional characteristic of communication, and this characteristic means that BTS can pick up less interference from the mobile radio station other sub-district of using same frequency.When communicating by letter with the MS of an appointment in the related cell, BTS can produce less interference to the mobile radio station in other sub-district of using same frequency.
At last, the SDMA system allows to use simultaneously identical frequency to send signal to two or more different mobile radio stations that are positioned on the diverse location of same sub-district.This has increased the transmission quantity that Cellular Networks can be born greatly.
Can realize SDMA by analog-and digital-Cellular Networks, and can introduce multiple existing, such as GSM, DCS1800, TACS, the standard of AMPS and NMT.The SDMA system also can with such as time division multiple access (TDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), other existing multiple access technology of frequency division multiple access (FDMA) technology is used.
A problem of SDMA system is the direction that needs to determine to send to mobile radio station signal.In some cases, can use the beam of a relative narrower to send signal from a basic transceiver station to a mobile radio station.Therefore, need the quite accurately direction of this mobile radio station of assessment.If mobile radio station is carrying out with respect to the moving of basic transceiver station, it can move to the cell area that adjacent beams covers from the cell area that one first beam covers.Base transceiver station need be judged should use adjacent beams but not first beam sends the time of signal to mobile radio station.Because first beam and adjacent beams in fact can be overlapped, so this judgement is complicated.
Another problem is to determine that according to the uplink signal that BTS receives from mobile radio station BTS sends the direction of signal to mobile radio station.But be different from BTS sends frequency from signal to mobile radio station to the frequency that BTS sends down link signal from mobile radio station.The frequency of using in up link and the down link signal different mean that the behavior of channel in the uplink direction is different from the behavior of the channel in the down link direction.Like this, the optimal direction of determining at the uplink signal optimal direction of down link signal always not.
A target of embodiments of the invention is to overcome these difficulties.
According to a first aspect of the invention, wherein provide a method of carrying out directional radio communication between first website of mobile communications network and second website, the step that this method comprises has:
In the successive pulse groups of above-mentioned first website identification from the communication data of above-mentioned second website transmission;
Determine that according to a plurality of adjacent beams directions first website receives the corresponding beam direction of sequenced communications data pulse string;
Select one or more signal to send to the above-mentioned beam direction of above-mentioned second website from above-mentioned first website selectively, make when definite first website when two different beam directions receive the sequenced communications data pulse string, select above-mentioned two different beam directions that above-mentioned signal is sent to above-mentioned second website from above-mentioned first website simultaneously.
Like this, by embodiments of the invention, can compensate the qi justice that second website that moves to the zone that another beam covers from the zone that beam covers causes.Particularly, increased the probability that arrives second website from the signal of first website.
When above-mentioned two different beam directions are non-conterminous, are preferably on above-mentioned two different directions and the other insertion beam direction and send signal to second website from first website.If different beam directions are non-conterminous, one of them may corresponding to one from the communication data pulse train of first website the off-path of process.The signal that sends to second website from first website may not necessarily pass through this off-path.Send by inserting on the beam direction, can reduce the influence that signal caused that detects through off-path at all.
First and second beam directions preferably can be used to predetermined a plurality of continuous signal that sends from first website.Alternatively, first and second beam directions are used to an independent signal that sends from first website only.Under possible situation, preferably only on an independent beam direction, send signal from first website.
The definite direction that receives each alphabetic data pulse train may be defined as the beam direction that receives peak signal.This direction is corresponding to the path that minimum decay is provided for the specific pulse string.Alternatively, the definite direction that receives each alphabetic data pulse train may be defined as the beam direction that receives through the signal of shortest path.
This method preferably includes a distance parameter that monitors a distance between expression first and second websites, if wherein the distance between first and second websites is less than a predetermined value, no matter the direction that receives first and second signals how, send signal to above-mentioned second website with the expanded-angle of a relative broad.In fact, this means if the distance between first and second websites less than critical distance, sends signal on the more relatively beam direction of quantity.If the distance between first and second websites less than above-mentioned predetermined value, can send signal to second website by relatively low power, if distance greater than predetermined value, can send signal by higher power.
According to a second aspect of the invention, wherein provide one first website that carries out directional radio communication in mobile communications network with one second mobile radio station, said apparatus comprises:
Identification is from the recognition device of the successive pulse groups of the communication data of above-mentioned second website transmission;
Determine that according to a plurality of adjacent beams directions above-mentioned first website receives definite device of the corresponding beam direction of sequenced communications data pulse string;
Send the sender device of signal to above-mentioned second website;
Control device, this device selects one or more signal to send to the above-mentioned beam direction of second website from first website, make when definite first website when two different beam directions receive the sequenced communications data pulse string, above-mentioned control device selects above-mentioned two different beam directions so that transmitter sends above-mentioned signal simultaneously.
Control device preferably is used to when above-mentioned two different beam directions are non-conterminous the control transmitter and sends communication data on above-mentioned two different directions and other insertion beam direction.Control device preferably is used to control sender device and sends predetermined a plurality of continuous signals on above-mentioned first and second beam direction.
The present invention is specially adapted to cellular communications network, and wherein first website is a basic transceiver station.But should be appreciated that embodiments of the invention go for non-honeycomb directional radio communication network.Be to be understood that term " pulse train " in this article only represents a part of signal that receives from second website and do not attempt range of application of the present invention is restricted on the modular system such as GSM that wherein term " pulse train " has a specific implication in GSM.Alternatively, term " pulse train " can be meant from the specified portions of the data of second website transmission.
In order to understand the present invention better and to realize the present invention, can be described by way of example with reference to accompanying drawing now, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the structure chart of a basic transceiver station (BTS) and relevant cell sector thereof;
Fig. 2 shows the sketch at an aerial array and basic transceiver station;
Fig. 3 shows the holding beam pattern that the aerial array of Fig. 2 provides;
Fig. 4 shows the structure chart of the digital signal processor of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 illustrates the channel impulse response of four channels in eight channels.
Fig. 6 a-h shows expectation and receives the beam direction that MS sends to 8 continuous data pulse trains at basic transceiver station;
Fig. 7 a-h shows according to one embodiment of present invention and sends to the beam of selecting in 8 continuous data pulse trains of a MS at a SDMA base transceiver station.
At first, wherein show three cell sectors 2 of a sub-district 3 of definition cellular mobile telephone network with reference to Fig. 1.Three cell sectors 2 provide service by corresponding basic transceiver station (BTS) 4.Each BTS 4 has a transceiver at a corresponding transmission and received signal in three cell sectors 2.The basic transceiver station of a special use is provided respectively for each cell sector 2 like this.Thereby each BTS 4 can communicate by letter with the mobile radio station (MS) such as the mobile phone that is arranged in respective cell sector 2.
In the environment of a GSM (global system for mobile communications) network, present embodiment has been described.In gsm system, use frequency/time division multiple access F/TDMA system.Mode with pulse train sends data between BTS 4 and MS.It is the training sequence of given data sequence that data pulse string comprises one.The purpose of training sequence will be described below.In this frequency range, send each data pulse string by a predetermined time slot in the designated frequency band.Use a directional antenna array to allow to realize space division multiple access.Like this, in an embodiment of the present invention, will be by designated frequency band, assigned timeslot and assigned direction send each data pulse string.Can be at passing through designated frequency band, relevant channel of specific data pulse train definition that assigned timeslot and assigned direction send.As described below, in certain embodiments of the present invention, by similar frequency bands, the directions that identical time slot but two are different send identical data pulse strings.
Fig. 2 shows a structure chart as the aerial array 6 of the BTS 4 of transceiver.Be to be understood that 6 of arrays shown in Figure 2 serve in three cell sectors 2 shown in Figure 1.Two aerial arrays 6 are other two cell sectors, 2 services in addition.Aerial array 6 has 8 antenna element a
1... a
8Each antenna element a
1... a
8Between be spaced apart half wavelength, and be arranged in delegation along a vertical line.Each antenna element a
1... a
8Be used to send and received signal, and can have the structure of any appropriate.Each antenna element a
1... a
8Can be a dipole antenna, patch antenna or other suitable antenna arbitrarily.8 antenna element a
1... a
8Defined a battle array control antenna 6 mutually jointly.
As everyone knows, each antenna element a of phase battle array control antenna 6
1... a
8Be provided the same signal that will send to a mobile radio station MS.But be provided for respective antenna unit a
1... a
8The phase place of signal offseted each other.Be provided for respective antenna unit a
1... a
8Phase difference between signals produced a directional transmissions pattern.Like this, from the signal of BTS 4 only in the cell sector 2 relevant, to send with array 6 along some direction.The directional transmissions pattern that array 6 is realized is phase deviation each other and by each antenna element a
1... a
8The long mutually interference that occurs between the signal that sends and the result of destructive interference.In this, with reference to Fig. 3, this figure illustrates the directional transmissions pattern that realizes by aerial array 6.Can in graphic 8 directions of Fig. 3, provide a beam b on any one direction by control antenna array 6
1... b
8For example, can the control antenna array 6 at beam b
5Or b
6Direction on send signal to MS.As described below, also can on more than one beam direction, send signal simultaneously by control antenna array 6.For example, can be at beam b
5And b
6Send signal on the both direction of definition.The structure of 8 possible beam directions that Fig. 3 just can realize by aerial array 6 is represented.But in fact, between adjacent beams, have overlapping to guarantee that aerial array 6 provides service for all cell sectors 2.
By a Butler matrix circuit 8 each antenna element of control a
1... a
8On the relative phase of the signal that provides, make it possible to send signal along the beam direction of expectation.Butler matrix circuit 8 provides a phase deviation function like this.Butler matrix circuit 8 has 8 input 10a-h and 8 outputs from BTS4, and wherein each output all is output to each antenna element a
1... a
8The signal that each input 10a-h receives comprises the data pulse string that will send.8 input 10a-h all represent to send the beam direction of specific data pulse train.For example, when Butler matrix circuit 8 received a signal on the first input 10a, Butler matrix circuit 8 offered each antenna element a to the signal on the input 10a with the phase difference that requires
1... a
8To produce beam b
1Thereby, at beam b
1Direction on send data pulse string.Similarly, the signal that provides on input 10b causes at beam b
2Direction on produce a beam, or the like.
As mentioned above, the antenna element a of aerial array 6
1... a
8Send signal from a MS received signal and to a MS.The signal of a MS transmission usually can be by 8 antenna element a
1... a
8Receive.But at each antenna element a
1... a
8Have a phase difference between each signal that receives.Thereby Butler matrix circuit 8 can be according to each antenna element a
1... a
8The relative phase of the signal that receives is determined the beam direction of received signal.Thereby Butler matrix circuit 8 has 8 inputs, and the signal for each antenna element receives all has one from antenna element a
1... a
8Input.Butler matrix circuit 8 also has 8 output 14a-h.14a-14h is all corresponding to a particular beam direction that can receive the specific data pulse train in each output.For example, if aerial array 6 at beam b
1Direction on receive a signal from a MS, then Butler matrix circuit 8 can be exported received signal on output 14a.At beam b
2Direction on the signal that receives can cause on output 14b from Butler matrix circuit 8 output received signals, or the like.In a word, Butler matrix circuit 8 can be at antenna element a
1... a
88 versions that are offset each other of last reception same signal.According to relative phase skew, Butler matrix circuit 8 is determined to have received the direction of above-mentioned received signal and is specified signal of output on the output 14a-h according to the direction of received signal at one.
Be to be understood that under some environment,, suppose that reflection has the expanded-angle of relative broad between MS and BTS 4 because signal reflex seems and can transmit simultaneously from more than one beam direction from the independent signal of a MS or data pulse string.Butler matrix circuit 8 can provide a signal on each output 14a-h, and each output is corresponding to each beam direction that specification signal or data pulse string occur.Like this, can Butler matrix circuit 8 more than one output 14a-h on identical data pulse string is provided.But the signal on each output 14a-h can postpone each other if having time.
Each output 14a-h of Butler matrix circuit 8 is connected in the input of a corresponding amplifier 16 that amplifies received signal.For Butler matrix circuit 8 each output 14a-h an amplifier 16 is provided.Then handle amplifying signal by a corresponding processor 18, this processor processing amplifying signal makes BTS 4 can handle this signal so that the frequency of received signal is reduced to base band frequency.For this reason, processor 18 is removed carrier frequency component from input signal.And, for each output 14a-h of Butler matrix circuit 8 provides a processor 18.Then the received signal with analog form is converted to digital signal by a modulus (A/D) transducer 20.8 A/D converters 20 are provided, and each output 14a-h of Butler matrix circuit 8 all has one.Then by corresponding input 19a-h digital signal being input to a digital signal processor 21 carries out follow-up processing.
Fig. 4 referring now to graphical figure signal processor 21.Should be appreciated that graphic each module needn't be corresponding to each unit that embodies an actual digital signal processor 21 of the present invention among Fig. 4.Particularly, among Fig. 4 graphic each module corresponding to the performed various functions of digital signal processor 21.In one embodiment of the invention, realized digital signal processor 21, and same unit can be carried out several functions by integrated circuit to small part.
Each signal that digital signal processor 21 receives on corresponding input 19a-h is imported into corresponding channel impulse response (CIR) estimator module 30.CIR estimator module 30 comprises memory capacity of storing received signal and the memory capacity of storing the channel impulse response of estimation.Channel impulse response estimator module 30 is used to estimate the channel impulse response of the channel of corresponding input 19a-h.As mentioned above, at the frequency range by selecting, the specific data pulse train that the beam direction of distributed time slot and received signal sends can define a relevant channel.Butler matrix circuit 8 is determined the beam direction of received signal, makes the signal that receives on the input 19a of digital signal processor mainly represent from beam b
1The signal that receives of direction, or the like.Should be appreciated that and specifying the signal that receives in the input also can be included in the sidelobe of the signal that receives in the adjacent input.
Each data pulse string that sends to BTS 4 from mobile radio station MS comprises a training sequence TS.But the training sequence TS that BTS 4 receives
RXBecause of noise and multipath effect are distorted, wherein multipath effect produces interference between the phase ortho position of training sequence.A kind of interference in back is known as intersymbol interference.TS
RXAlso be subjected to the influence of the interference of other mobile radio station, for example be positioned at other sub-district or cell sector, use can cause the mobile radio station of the same frequency of combined channel interference.Be appreciated that from the specification signal of MS and can arrive BTS along path more than one, and aerial array 6 can from an assigned direction detect specification signal more than one version.CIR estimator module 30 handles are from input 19a received training sequence TS
RXBe stored in a reference TS in the data memory 32
REFCarrying out crosscorrelation handles.Reference TS
REFIdentical with the initial training sequence that sends of mobile radio station.In fact received training sequence TS
RXBe a signal that is modulated onto carrier frequency, and reference TS
REFIn data storage 32, be stored as a bit sequence.Correspondingly, before carrying out crosscorrelation, the reference of storage is similarly modulated.In other words, the not distortion version of BTS4 reception distortion training sequence and training sequence is carried out relevant treatment.In an optional embodiment of the present invention, before it being carried out relevant treatment, received training sequence is carried out demodulation with reference.In this case, reference can have identical form with positive received training sequence once more.In other words, reference is not modulated.
Reference TS
REFWith received training sequence TS
RXAll have length L, and can be 26 positions corresponding to L data bit.Received training sequence TS
RXDistributing the definite position in the time slot can be uncertain.This is because the distance between mobile radio station MS and the BTS4 can have influence on the data pulse string of MS transmission in the position of distributing in the time slot.For example, if a mobile radio station MS is far away relatively apart from BTS 4, compare with the mobile radio station MS situation nearer apart from BTS 4 so, training sequence can appear on the position after having distributed in the time slot.
Consider received training sequence TS
RXThe uncertainty of the position in distributed time slot is used reference TS
REFTo received training sequence TS
RXCarrying out the n correlations handles.Usually, n can be 7 or 9.N is an odd number preferably.The n correlations can be obtained on the relevant both sides in maximum usually and carry out.Received training sequence TS
RXAt reference TS
REFRelative position be offset a position between each serial correlation.Each position is equivalent in the training sequence and represents that postpones a section.Received training sequence TS
RXWith reference TS
REFThe tap of this relevant channel impulse response of expression of each independent relevant generation.N independent tap sequence of relevant generation with n value.
Referring now to Fig. 5, the figure shows channel impulse response corresponding to 4 channels in 8 of 8 direction in spaces possible channels.In other words, Fig. 5 shows the channel impulse response corresponding to 4 channels of a specific data pulse train that receives from mobile radio station on 4 directions in 8 beam directions, and data pulse string is on the frequency range and time slot of appointment.The x axle of each legend is the measurement to time delay, and the y axle is the measurement to relative power.Each line (or tap) expression that marks among the figure is received, corresponding to the multi-path signal of specifying correlation delay.Each legend has n line or tap, and one of them tap is relevant corresponding to each.
According to the channel impulse response of estimation, can determine that training sequence is in the position of distributing in the time slot.When obtaining received training sequence TS
RXWith reference TS
REFBetween optimum can obtain maximum values of tap when relevant.
At each channel, CIR estimator module 30 is also determined the continuous tap that 5 (or other suitable quantity) arbitrarily provide ceiling capacity.Calculate the ceiling capacity of an allocated channel according to following mode:
Wherein h represents by received training sequence TS
RXWith reference TS
REFThe tap amplitude that obtains of crosscorrelation.CIR estimator module 30 is by using a kind of ceiling capacity of sliding window setting technique estimation allocated channel.In other words, CIR estimator module 30 is considered 5 adjacent values at every turn and is calculated energy according to these 5 values.Select 5 consecutive values of given ceiling capacity to represent the impulse response of this channel.
Energy can be counted as the measurement from the relative intensity of a desired signal of specifying MS that BTS 4 is received on an assigned direction.Carry out this process at all 8 channels, these channels represent to receive 8 different directions of identical data pulse train.The signal that receives with ceiling capacity the path of process to the decay minimum of this signal.
An analysis module 34 is provided, the ceiling capacity that this module stores CIR estimator module 30 calculates at respective channel according to 5 consecutive values, and CIR estimator module 30 selects these 5 consecutive values to represent channel impulse response.Analysis module 34 also can be analyzed channel impulse response that CIR estimator module 30 determines so that determine the minimum delay.This delay is to received training sequence TS
RXIn the measurement that distributes the position in the time slot, thereby be relative measurement to signal propagation distance between mobile radio station and BTS 4.Channel with minimum delay has the signal of the beeline of passing.This beeline can be represented the circuit in the direct projection path between mobile radio station MS and the BTS 4 in some cases.
The analysis result that each analysis module 34 draws is imported into one and determines that expectation receives the beam selection control module 36 of the direction of specific data pulse train.This desired orientation can be to receive the beam direction with maximum intensity signal, and is perhaps optional, can be the direction that at first receives data pulse string.Then beam is selected module 36 these beam directions of storage and is carried out identical step at the next pulse string that receives from mobile radio station.If two definite beam directions are identical in two continuous data pulse trains, then determine the signal of transmission from BTS to MS on the beam direction at this.In an optimum embodiment, control basic transceiver station so that in conventional environment, only on an independent beam direction, send signal to MS.If but received the beam direction difference of first and second successive pulse groups, then BTS could and receive on the direction of first signal in the direction that receives secondary signal and send next signal to MS.
If it is non-conterminous with the beam direction that receives second data pulse string that BTS receives the beam direction of first signal, then also inserting the transmission signal that BTS sent on the beam direction.For example, if determine that first pulse train is from beam b
1Direction and second pulse train from beam b
3Direction, then the base station can be at beam b
1, b
2, and b
3Direction on send signal to mobile radio station.
Referring now to Fig. 6 a-h and 7a-h, wherein illustrate the principle that the embodiment of the invention is used.Fig. 6 a-h illustrates and receives the beam direction that a mobile radio station sends to 8 continuous data pulse trains of base station.
Alternatively, the graphic beam direction of Fig. 6 can be considered to be under the situation that only should be an independent beam direction of each data pulse string selection, should be the beam direction that BTS sends to the continuous data pulse train selection of MS.First and second data pulse strings from mobile radio station MS are supposed to from beam b
3Direction.Third and fourth data pulse string is supposed to from beam b
4Direction.The the 5th and the 6th data pulse string is supposed to from beam b
3Direction, the 7th data pulse string is supposed to from beam b
5Direction.
The beam direction of BTS to 8 continuous data pulse trains of MS transmission has been shown among Fig. 7 a-h.Because expectation is from beam b
3Direction on receive first and second signals from mobile radio station, so BTS 4 is all at beam b
3Direction on send first and second data pulse strings to mobile radio station.But because expectation is respectively from beam b
3With beam b
4Direction on receive the second and the 3rd pulse train from mobile radio station, so BTS is at beam b
3With beam b
4Direction on send the 3rd pulse train to mobile radio station.Expectation is from identical beam direction, i.e. beam b
4Direction on receive third and fourth pulse train from mobile radio station.Correspondingly, 4 of BTS are at beam b
4Direction on send the 4th pulse train.At beam b
4Direction on receive the 4th pulse train that BTS receives, and BTS 4 is at beam b
3Direction on receive the 5th pulse train.Like this, BTS is at beam b
3With beam b
4Direction on send the 5th pulse train.Expectation is from beam b
3Direction on receive the 6th pulse train that BTS receives, expectation is from beam b
5Direction on receive the 7th pulse train that BTS receives.Correspondingly, at beam b
3With beam b
5Direction on and insert beam, i.e. beam b
4Direction on send the 7th pulse train to MS.At last, owing to BTS 4 expects respectively from beam b
5With beam b
3Direction on receive the 7th and the 8th pulse train, so BTS is at beam b
3, b
4And b
5Direction on send the 8th pulse train.
In a modification of the foregoing description, receive two continuous data pulse strings from two different directions respectively, BTS will send a N continuous pulse train to MS on these two different directions and any direction of insertion.N can be the pulse train quantity of any appropriate, for example 3 or 4.
Can find that said method is highly suitable for distance between BTS and the MS greater than the situation of a distance to a declared goal.This distance depends on home environment to a great extent, but can be greater than about 0.5km.If the distance of mobile radio station and BTS is less than 0.5km, then the expanded-angle by a broad sends the signal that arrives MS.This relates to selects several possible beam directions, for example 4 or more direction.Usually, being used for the power level of each beam when selecting more beam can be lower.
The mode of the distance between a kind of definite MS and the BTS is according to the timing advance information that provides the measurement of distance between BTS 4 and the MS.Owing to provide quite accurate result, so this first method is optimum in certain embodiments of the present invention.Alternatively, the expanded-angle of BTS received signal can be used as the measurement to distance between MS and the BTS.When the distance between BTS and the MS during greater than critical distance, the most Energy distribution that receive from MS are at one, on two or three beams.But when the distance between BTS and the MS during less than critical distance, the expectation Energy distribution of reception is on more beam.In order to determine expanded-angle, the channel impulse response that beam selects control module 36 relatively to obtain from each possible beam direction of specification signal.If most received energies are distributed on three or the beam direction still less, suppose that then distance between BTS and the MS is greater than critical distance.Alternatively, if most received energy, supposes then that distance between BTS and the MS is less than critical distance from four or the more beam direction.
Correspondingly, in an embodiment of the present invention, use two targeting signals that receive from MS to determine to send the mode of the direction of signal or all directions only to be used under the situation of distance between MS and the BTS 4 greater than critical distance to MS.When the distance between MS and the BTS 4 during less than critical distance, BTS 4 can send signal to MS by more relatively beam direction.The power level of using when the expanded-angle by relative broad sends usually can be less than the power level of using on beam or each beam during greater than critical distance when the distance between MS and the BTS 4.Select module 36 to select required power level by beam.
The output of channel impulse response module 30 also is used to signal balanced and that coupling receives from mobile radio station MS.Particularly, the effect of the intersymbol interference that is produced by multipath propagation in the received signal can be eliminated or alleviate to matched filter (MF) and equalizer module 42.Should be appreciated that matched filter (MF) and equalizer module have the input (not shown) of a reception from the received signal of MS.Speech that the responsible MS of recovery sends and/or the recovery module of information 44 receive the output of each modules 42.The step that the recovery module is finished comprises carries out the demodulation sign indicating number to signal.Speech that recovers or information are output in the output 48.
Though should be appreciated that and realized the foregoing description in the GSM cellular communications networks, the present invention can also be used to other digital cellular communications communication network and analogue cellular network.The foregoing description has used the phased array with 8 unit.Array certainly has the unit of any amount.Alternatively, phased array can be replaced by discrete directional antenna, and each antenna is all launched beam on an assigned direction.Under the situation of needs, the Butler matrix circuit can be by other suitable phase-shift circuit replacement arbitrarily.The Butler matrix circuit is a simulation beam maker.Certainly use the simulation beam maker of a digital beam maker DBF or any other adequate types.According to the signal that offers each unit,, also can array of controls produce beam more than 8 even under the situation of having only 8 unit.
Also can provide a plurality of phased array.Phased array can provide the beam of varying number.When the expanded-angle of a broad of needs, use cellular array with lesser amt, when the beam of a relative narrower of needs, use cellular array with larger amt.
Being appreciated that the foregoing description is described as from the Butler matrix circuit provides 8 outputs.Should be appreciated that in fact and in each output of Butler matrix, can export several different channels simultaneously.Those channels can have different frequency ranges.The channel of different time-gap also can be provided in corresponding output.Though independent amplifier has been described in the front, processor, in fact analog to digital converter and digital to analog converter can provide above-mentioned all parts by an independent unit with a plurality of input and output.
Be to be understood that embodiments of the invention have the application that is not limited only to cellular communications network.For example, embodiments of the invention can be used in any environment that needs directional radio communication.For example, can in PMR (ad Hoc wireless network) or similar network, use this technology.
The direction that does not need to determine to receive two continuous signals at two continuous signals.For example, can determine that once expectation receives the direction of a data pulse train by every N pulse train, wherein N is an appointment integer.For example, BTS can determine to receive the direction of one first pulse train and the direction of reception the 3rd pulse train from MS.If this both direction difference, then BTS can send signal on this both direction.
Similarly, the direction of first website transmission signal can not make an immediate response from the preamble communication data pulse string of MS reception.In certain embodiments, the BTS sequenced communications data pulse string that can constitute according to one or more data pulse string that the front receives from MS is selected the different beam directions that are used to send.
Embodiments of the invention can have the application that is not limited only to cellular communications network.For example, embodiments of the invention can be used in any environment that needs directional radio communication.For example, can in PRN (ad Hoc wireless network) or similar network, use this technology.
Claims (11)
1. method of between first website of mobile communications network and second website, carrying out directional radio communication, the step that this method comprises has:
In the successive pulse groups of above-mentioned first website identification from the communication data of above-mentioned second website transmission;
Determine that according to a plurality of adjacent beams directions first website receives the corresponding beam direction of sequenced communications data pulse string;
Select one or more signal to send to the above-mentioned beam direction of above-mentioned second website from above-mentioned first website selectively, make when definite first website when two different beam directions receive the sequenced communications data pulse string, select above-mentioned two different beam directions that above-mentioned signal is sent to above-mentioned second website from above-mentioned first website simultaneously.
2. the method for claim 1 wherein when above-mentioned two different beam directions are non-conterminous, upwards stated second website from first website and is sent signal on above-mentioned two different directions and other insertion beam direction.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein above-mentioned first and second beam directions are used to predetermined a plurality of continuous signal that sends from above-mentioned first website.
4. as the described method of claim 1,2 or 3, the definite direction that wherein receives each alphabetic data pulse train is defined by receiving the beam direction of peak signal.
5. as the described method of claim 1,2 or 3, the definite direction that wherein receives each alphabetic data pulse train is defined by receiving the beam direction through the signal of shortest path.
6. as the described method of any claim in front, comprising a step that monitors the distance parameter of a distance between expression first and second websites, if wherein the distance between first and second websites is less than a predetermined value, no matter the direction that receives first and second signals how, send signal to above-mentioned second website with the expanded-angle of a relative broad.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, if the distance between wherein above-mentioned first and second websites is less than above-mentioned predetermined value, send signal by relatively low power to above-mentioned second website, if distance greater than above-mentioned predetermined value, sends signal by higher power.
8. carry out one first website of directional radio communication in mobile communications network with one second mobile radio station, said apparatus comprises:
Identification is from the recognition device of the successive pulse groups of the communication data of above-mentioned second website transmission;
Determine that according to a plurality of adjacent beams directions above-mentioned first website receives definite device of the corresponding beam direction of sequenced communications data pulse string;
Send the sender device of signal to above-mentioned second website;
Control device, this device selects one or more signal to send to the above-mentioned beam direction of second website from first website, make when definite first website when two different beam directions receive the sequenced communications data pulse string, above-mentioned control device selects above-mentioned two different beam directions so that transmitter sends above-mentioned signal simultaneously.
9. first website as claimed in claim 8, wherein above-mentioned control device are used to when above-mentioned two different beam directions are non-conterminous the control transmitter and send communication data on above-mentioned two different directions and other insertion beam directions.
10. first website as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein control device is used to control sender device and sends predetermined a plurality of continuous signals on above-mentioned first and second beam direction.
11. as the described method of claim 1 to 7, wherein above-mentioned network is that a cellular communications networks and above-mentioned first website are basic transceiver stations.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97181796 CN1120544C (en) | 1997-02-13 | 1997-02-13 | Method and apparatus for directional radio communication |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97181796 CN1120544C (en) | 1997-02-13 | 1997-02-13 | Method and apparatus for directional radio communication |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1246206A true CN1246206A (en) | 2000-03-01 |
| CN1120544C CN1120544C (en) | 2003-09-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97181796 Expired - Lifetime CN1120544C (en) | 1997-02-13 | 1997-02-13 | Method and apparatus for directional radio communication |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1120544C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10645690B2 (en) | 2002-08-07 | 2020-05-05 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Mobile communication system and method for providing common channel coverage using beamforming antennas |
-
1997
- 1997-02-13 CN CN 97181796 patent/CN1120544C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10645690B2 (en) | 2002-08-07 | 2020-05-05 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Mobile communication system and method for providing common channel coverage using beamforming antennas |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1120544C (en) | 2003-09-03 |
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