CN1187283A - Fast and efficient packet transmission system and method - Google Patents
Fast and efficient packet transmission system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1187283A CN1187283A CN 96194583 CN96194583A CN1187283A CN 1187283 A CN1187283 A CN 1187283A CN 96194583 CN96194583 CN 96194583 CN 96194583 A CN96194583 A CN 96194583A CN 1187283 A CN1187283 A CN 1187283A
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Abstract
A fast and efficient packet transmission system and method for transmitting and routing packets through a digital communications network (101, 102, 103, 104, 105 and 106) which utilizes both variable length packets and fixed length packets, or cells, for achieving maximum efficiency and minimum delay in the digital communications network. Network efficiency is maximized by using variable length packets to transmit information across transmission lines (102) and network speed is maximized by using cells to route information to their intended destinations.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to digital communicating field.The invention particularly relates to and utilize fixing the wrapping in transmission package in the digital communications network and select the system and method in the path of bag of adjustable length bag and length, thereby realize optimum efficiency and speed by network.
Background technology
In packet network, information is transmitted with packet mode, and each bag comprises a part (or all, for short message) user profile and some control informations.Control information comprises the destination address of bag at least, and this address makes network can select this bag to send to its predetermined destination by the path of network and bag.At each node place, receive bag by path, storage package then, is sent to next node to bag briefly.
In packet network, a plurality of users are shared network resource as required.In other words, just transmission when bag, and when the source end does not have bag not send, do not take transmission equipment.Logically connect between the user, rather than physically connect.The major advantage of this switching network is that this network guarantees required physical channel no longer idle (except the situation that does not have the traffic), thereby the utilization of Internet resources is optimized.
In addition, owing to carrying out the packet switch operation under burst (burst-oriented) visit (access) pattern, the single network resource can be held a plurality of users with difference or variable-data-rate transmission and reception information.This ability of holding simultaneously from a plurality of users' variable bit rate information makes packet network realize the effect of maximum bandwidth.Because the length of variable-length bag is proportional to the speed of information transmitted in the given period, so adjustable length bag comprises minimized number " spare bits ".This makes adjustable length bag can utilize the bandwidth ability of transmission medium most effectively.
Yet many advantages of the exchange of variable-length bag are all brought the problem of cost.Because storage and processing control information have brought additional overhead, thus adjustable lengthly wrap in selection and may suffer the poor efficiency of time delay and other overhead during the path, thus can not satisfy the low delay needs of some information such as Speech Communication.
In order to reduce the time delay that processing control information brings, can use length fixing bag or cell units (cell) (cell units is defined as a bag with fixed dimension) to select path by the information of network.Select information path to compare with the bag that uses variable-length, use cell units that two advantages are arranged.The first, owing to synchronously flow by exchange component from the cell units of all inputs, cell units has been simplified the Path selection and/or the exchange design of network.The second, owing to do not need to carry out the cell units length computation, so cell units has reduced the processing to control information at the network node place.These two advantages all allow to come the path of transmit cell unit and selection cell units with minimum delay by communication network, thereby the fixing cell units of length need to be specially adapted to the low communication that postpones such as Speech Communication.Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) has become generally acknowledged cell units trunking standard.ATM is the packet switch and the multiplexing technique of a kind of low delay, high bandwidth, cell units fixed size.
Yet, use cell units also to bring a significant disadvantages.For the transmission and the communication system of receiving variable rate information such as speech information, cell units can not show the bandwidth effect that the bag of variable-length is realized.The length of variable length packets will be proportional to the speed of variable bit rate information and change.Therefore, when using the bag of variable-length, each is surrounded by minimized number " spare bits ".In contrast, the necessary long enough of each cell units is to hold the fastest information of variable bit rate.Therefore, the slower information of speed only occupies the available bit space of a part that exists on the fixed-length cell unit, and the remainder of cell will be made of " spare bits " or " filler ".
Therefore, between network efficiency and network speed, there is one to trade off.Though adjustable length bag makes network efficiency reach maximum, they show exchange and the Path selection bigger than cell units and postpone.In contrast, the cell units that length is fixing is compared with adjustable length bag, can exchange and select its path quickly, but because of " spare bits " that the comprise greater number efficient of dying lower.
Network efficiency is most important in communication industry because pairing with network efficiency be the ability (this equates from the user that pays dues and obtain more annual income) of handling more users simultaneously.On the other hand, concerning the user, transmission quality is very important.Therefore, it also is very important reducing communication delay in communication industry.
Consider the competition (that is, network efficiency and network speed) of these two kinds of interests, clearly, need a kind of desirable digital communications network, this network can make efficiency of transmission reach maximum, and transmission delay is reduced to minimum.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is a kind of packet transmission system and method for passing through the novelty of digital communications network transmission package.Packet transmission system utilizes adjustable length bag and length fixed packet (or cell units), thereby realizes maximal efficiency and minimum delay ideally during by digital communications network transmission information.By transmission line information the time, use adjustable length bag can make network efficiency reach maximum.By the bag that the length field becomes being converted to cell units, then, according to the destination address of each cell units cell units is sent to its appropriate purpose port, thereby network delay is reduced to minimum at Fabric Interface or router (router) interface.
The present invention can two kinds of patterns operate, so that two-way communication to be provided between the terminal use.These two kinds of patterns are called forward link and back to link.Afterwards to link the time, receive user message signal by first signal processor, select the path of this signal by system, then, they are transferred to its next destination by the secondary signal processor.On the forward link, receive user message signal, select the path of this signal, then, they are transferred to its next destination by first signal processor by system by the secondary signal processor.
In one embodiment of the invention, afterwards to link the time, first signal processor receives user message signal and they is treated as the form of variable-length bag.Then, by transmission line adjustable length bag is transferred to the first bag transducer, this transducer converts adjustable length bag to cell units.Then, select the path of cell units by the router of system, router is sent to the specific purpose port to each cell units according to the destination address of each cell units.Can directly be sent to other network that Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network maybe can receive cell units to these cell units, then, along forward link direction (seeing forward link discussed below) they are transferred back to the first bag transducer, or they are sent to the second bag transducer.At the second bag transducer place, these cell units are converted to adjustable length bag again.Then, the secondary signal processor is treated as adjustable length bag its next transformat and they is transferred to its next destination.
On the forward link, the secondary signal processor receives user message signal, and these signals are handled to produce adjustable length bag.Then, the second bag transducer converts adjustable length bag to cell units.Router by system is sent to the first bag transducer to these cell units.Again converted to adjustable length bag in the first bag transducer place cell units.Then, these adjustable length bags are transferred to first signal processor, in its this processor, they are treated as its next transformat and they are transferred to its next destination by transmission line.
The router of system can receive directly the Bao Yuan from Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network or other length fixed packet.Then, can be sent to its next destination to these cell units to link direction along forward link or back.As mentioned above, the router of system also can directly be sent to these cell units other network of atm network or energy receiving information signal, and these signals have the form of the fixing bag (cell units) of length.
Summary of drawings
Also the features and advantages of the present invention will be become obviously from detailed description proposed below, identical label is corresponding mutually, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an example packet transmission system; And
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of code division multiple access (CDMA) packet transmission system of an example.
Better embodiment of the present invention
Enforcement shown in Figure 1 example packet transmission system of the present invention.This packet transmission system is operated under two kinds of patterns, so that two-way communication to be provided between the terminal use.These two kinds of patterns are called forward link and back to link.On link, first signal processor receives user message signal in the back, selects the path by system, and then, the secondary signal processor is transferred to its next destination to these signals.On the forward link, the secondary signal processor receives user message signal, selects the path by system, then, by first signal processor these signals is transferred to its next destination.
On link, first processor 101a-101n receives user message signal, and they are treated as the form of adjustable length bag in the back.The form of adjustable length bag can be a kind of in the known various forms in the prior art (that is, HDLC, LAPB, LAPD etc.).Then, transmit adjustable length bag by transmission line 102a-102n.These transmission lines generally are order wire E1 or the T1 lines with standard bandwidth.Yet, also can use the line of other type according to the required capacity of particular system.Because adjustable length bag comprises " spare bits " of minimal amount, so these bags utilize the maximum bandwidth capacity of transmission line.Therefore, more users can send information simultaneously on line, and it is maximum that the efficient of line also reaches.
After the end of transmission of carrying out on the transmission line 102a-102n, adjustable length bag is converted to length fixing bag or cell units by the first bag transducer 103a-103n.Opposite with adjustable length bag, the Path selection of cell units does not need the length of bag is carried out time-consuming calculating.Therefore, use exchange or the faster cell units of Path selection variable ratio length bag to exchange and Path selection.After adjustable length bag was converted into cell units, the router one 04 of system was sent to its appropriate purpose port to each cell units according to the destination address of each cell units.
The packet switch and the router of standard are relatively cheap, and they can not show intrinsic end bandwidth constraints in the transmission line.Therefore, compare, realize that at switch or router place the bandwidth effect is not too important with realizing the low delay that multiple signal post needs.In addition, generally need big relatively cost owing to rent the transmission line of local call carrier, so must utilize the heap(ed) capacity of these transmission lines to realize economic cost.On the other hand, the router of system is not generally rented.If the router of system can not be controlled at the quantity of information communication amount in its zone, then this selector needs upgrading, or builds second router with less relatively standing cost and control additional information communication amount.Therefore, compare, realize that at the router place of system the bandwidth effect not too heavily looks around in alarm with the bandwidth effect that obtains by the transmission line rented.The router major concern of system be information to be sent to its appropriate purpose ground with the delay of minimum.
Can be sent to other network that Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network maybe can receive cell units to these cell units, or they are transferred back to the first bag transducer 103a-103m (seeing the following forward link that will discuss), or transfer back to the second bag transducer 105a-05m.The second bag transducer 105a-105m converts these cell units to adjustable length bag again.Then, secondary signal processor 106a-106n is treated as its next transformat to these adjustable length bags, and they are transferred to next destination.
On the forward link, secondary signal processor 106a-106n receives user message signal, and they are treated as the form of adjustable length bag.Then, the second bag transducer 105a-105m converts adjustable length bag to cell units.Then, according to the destination address of each cell units these cell units are sent to the first bag transducer 103a-103n by the router one 04 of system.Then, the first bag transducer 103a-103m converts these cell units to adjustable length bag again.Then, these adjustable length bags are transferred to the first signal processor 101a-101n, wherein in these processors these bags are treated as its next transformat, and they are transferred to its next destination by transmission line 102a-102n.
The router one 04 of system can receive directly the cell units from the Bao Yuan of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network or other regular length bag.Then, to link direction these cell units are sent to its next destination along forward link or back.As mentioned above, the router of system also can directly be transferred to atm network or can be with other network of regular length packet format receiving information signal to cell units.
Fig. 2 illustrates code division multiple access (CDMA) packet transmission system of implementing example of the present invention.Using the CDMA modulation technique is a kind of technology of being convenient in several technology that a large amount of system users communicate.4,901, disclosed in the United States Patent (USP) of No. 307 " using the multi-address communication system of the spread spectrum of satellite or land relay station " by name and in multi-address communication system, used CDMA technology, this patent has transferred assignee of the present invention.Here quote this patent document as a comparison.
The feature (also be called cdma cellular formula earth base network (CCLN)) relevant shown in Fig. 2 with the CDMA packet transmission system.The CDMA packet transmission system is made of two parts: some base transceiver subsystem (BTS) 201a-201n and single base station controller (BSC) 200.In cdma communication system, the bag of the aerial emission of warp CDMA variable bit rate between user and base transceiver subsystem 201a-201n.Base station transceiver subsystem 201a-201n is the link between user and the base station controller 200, and provides public air interface to the user.Base station controller 200 comprises to be set up and keeps communication channel and transmission information is used between base station transceiver subsystem 201a-201n and other network such as public switched telephone network (PSTN) resource.
The CDMA packet transmission system is operated under two kinds of patterns, so that two-way communication to be provided between terminal-user.These two kinds of patterns are called forward link and back to link.On link, receive user message signal in the back, select the path, by selector group (bank) subsystem (SBS) 206a-206n these signals are transferred to its next destination then by base station controller 200 by base station transceiver subsystem 201a-201n.On the forward link, receive user message signal, select the path, by base station transceiver subsystem 201a-201n these signals are transferred to its next destination then by base station controller 200 by selector group subsystem 206a-206n.
On link, base station transceiver subsystem 201a-201n receives the CDMA signal of input and they is treated as the variable length packets of High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) in the back.The HDLC form is a kind of sign synchronous transmission control format, wherein information with any bit length as transfer unit, be called adjustable length bag (being sometimes referred to as frame).The HDLC form makes continuous information to be transmitted in the mode of variable length packets.After base station transceiver subsystem 201a-201n handles the CDMA signal of input, the adjustable length bag of the HDLC of gained is transferred to base station controller 200 by transmission line 202a-202n.At base station controller 200 places, receive the HDLC bag by the first bag transducer 203a-203m, these transducers convert the adjustable length bag of HDLC to Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) cell units.ATM is the packet switch and the multiplexing technique of a kind of low delay, high bandwidth, bag fixed size, and this technology has become a kind of generally acknowledged cell units trunking standard.After the first bag transducer 203a-203m converts the HDLC bag to the ATM cell unit, according to the destination address of each cell units these ATM cell unit are sent to its appropriate purpose port by the packet router 204 of system.Can directly be sent to atm network to these ATM cell unit, return the first bag transducer 203a-203m, or be sent to the second bag transducer 205a-205m along forward link direction.At the second bag transducer 205a-205m place, the ATM cell unit is converted to the adjustable length bag of HCLC again.Then these HCLC bags are sent to selector group subsystem 206a-206n, these subsystems are treated as the HDLC bag its next transformat and they are transferred to its next destination.
On the forward link, selector group subsystem 206a-206n receives user message signal, and these signals are carried out time division multiplexing, connect an exclusive transmission channel between the network thereby provide at selector group subsystem and public switched telephone network or other for each subscriber signal.Generally, user message signal can be the Speech Communication of the pulse-code modulation (PCM) transmitted of public switched telephone network.Yet, selector group subsystem 206a-206n can receive other type signal and these signal processing become can with the diverse network interface.Selector group subsystem 206a-206n is treated as the adjustable length bag of HDLC to user message signal then.Then, the HDLC bag is sent to the second bag transducer 205a-205m, and these transducers convert the HHLC bag to the ATM cell unit.Then, the router two 04 of system is sent to its appropriate purpose port to these ATM cell unit according to the destination address of each cell units.After the ATM cell unit was transmitted, the first bag transducer 203a-203m converted them to HDLC adjustable length bag again.Then, by transmission line 202a-202n these HDLC bags are transferred to base station transceiver subsystem 201a-201n.Then, base station transceiver subsystem 201a-201n converts adjustable length bag to the CDMA signal, and these signals are transferred to its next destination.
The router two 04 of system can receive the direct ATM cell unit from atm network of walking around the selector group subsystem 206a-206n and the second bag transducer 205a-205m.Router two 04 place in system can be sent to its next destination to these ATM cell unit to link direction along forward link or back.
Said system is not limited to the form of adjustable length bag of HDLC or ATM cell unit.Can utilize the form and the cell units form of the variable-length bag of other type to realize advantage of the present invention.
More than preferred embodiment is described so that any technical staff in this area can utilize or use the present invention.Various modifications to these embodiment are clearly to those technical staff in this area, can be applied to other embodiment to defined General Principle here, and use innovation and creation.So, the embodiment shown in the present invention will be not limited to here, and should be according to the wide region by principle that is disclosed here and new feature constituted.
Claims (24)
1. a kind of packet transmission system in the digital communications network is characterized in that described system comprises:
First signal processor is used for the user message signal that receives is treated as adjustable length bag, and adjustable length bag is treated as the user message signal of output;
Be coupled to the transmission line of described first signal processor;
Be coupled to the first bag transducer of described transmission line, be used for described adjustable length bag is converted to cell units, and cell units is converted to adjustable length bag; And
Be coupled to the system router of the described first bag transducer, be used for described cell units is sent to its next destination.
2. packet transmission system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising:
Be coupled to the second bag transducer of described system router, be used for cell units is converted to adjustable length bag and adjustable length bag is converted to cell units; And
Be coupled to the secondary signal processor of the described second bag transducer, be used for adjustable length bag is treated as its next transformat, and the user message signal that receives is converted to adjustable length bag.
3. packet transmission system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described adjustable length bag is the adjustable length bag of High-Level Data Link Control.
4. packet transmission system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described cell units is the Asynchronous Transfer Mode cell units.
5. packet transmission system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described cell units is the Asynchronous Transfer Mode cell units.
6. packet transmission system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described first signal processor comprises base station transceiver subsystem; And
Described user message signal by described first signal processor reception and transmission is the code division multiple access spread spectrum signal.
7. packet transmission system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
Described first signal processor comprises base station transceiver system; And
Described user message signal by described first signal processor technology and transmission is the code division multiple access spread spectrum signal.
8. packet transmission system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that:
Described secondary signal processor comprises selector group subsystem;
By described secondary signal processor receive and the described user profile of transmission after to the time division multiplexed signals that is pulse-code modulation.
9. packet transmission system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:
Described secondary signal processor comprises selector group subsystem;
By described secondary signal processor receive and the described user profile of transmission after to the time division multiplexed signals that is pulse-code modulation.
10. code division multiple access packet transmission system is characterized in that comprising:
Base station transceiver subsystem is used for that the CDMA signal is transferred to a plurality of system users and receives CDMA signal from a plurality of system users, and described base station transceiver subsystem also comprises:
The CDMA signal processor is used for the CDMA signal processing that receives is become adjustable length bag, and adjustable length bag is treated as the CDMA signal of output;
Be coupled to the transmission line of described base station transceiver subsystem;
The first bag transducer that is coupled to described transmission line is used for adjustable length bag is converted to cell units, and cell units is converted to adjustable length bag;
Be coupled to the system router of the described first bag transducer, be used for described cell units is carried out Path selection;
Be coupled to the second bag transducer of described system router, be used for described cell units is converted to adjustable length bag and adjustable length bag is converted to cell units; And
Be coupled to the selector group subsystem of the described second bag transducer, wherein said selector group subsystem comprises:
Signal processor is used for adjustable length bag is treated as its next transformat, and the user message signal that receives is treated as adjustable length bag; And
A plurality of selector elements, each element use time division multiplexing (TDM) to provide exclusive transmission channel to each user message signal.
11. CDMA packet transmission system as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that described variable-length bag is the adjustable length bag of High-Level Data Link Control.
12. CDMA packet transmission system as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that described cell units is the Asynchronous Transfer Mode cell units.
13. CDMA packet transmission system as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that described cell units is the Asynchronous Transfer Mode cell units.
14. the method for a kind of transmission package in the digital communications network is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A) with first signal processor user message signal that receives is treated as adjustable length bag;
B) by a transmission line described adjustable length bag is transferred to the first bag transducer from first signal processor;
C) with the described first bag transducer described adjustable length bag is converted to cell units; And
D) with system router described cell units is sent to its next destination.
15. method as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that further comprising the steps of:
A) after described system router transmits described cell units, described cell units is converted to adjustable length bag again with the second bag transducer;
B) with the secondary signal processor described adjustable length bag is converted to its next transformat; And
C) signal that obtains is transferred to its next destination.
16. the method as transmission package as described in the claim 15 is characterized in that further comprising the steps of:
A) with described secondary signal processor the user message signal that receives is treated as adjustable length bag;
B) with the described second bag transducer described adjustable length bag is converted to cell units;
C) described cell units is sent to the destination interface of its reservation with described system router;
D) with the described first bag transducer described cell units is converted to adjustable length bag again;
E) by a transmission line described adjustable length bag is transferred to first signal processor;
F) described adjustable length bag is treated as its next transformat; And
G) signal that obtains is transferred to its next destination.
17. the method as transmission package as described in the claim 16 is characterized in that described adjustable length bag is the adjustable length bag of High-Level Data Link Control.
18. the method as transmission package as described in the claim 17 is characterized in that described cell units is the Asynchronous Transfer Mode cell units.
19. the method as transmission package as described in the claim 16 is characterized in that described cell units is the Asynchronous Transfer Mode cell units.
20., it is characterized in that receiving and the described user message signal of transmission is the code division multiple access spread spectrum signal by described first signal processor as the method for transmission package as described in the claim 16.
21. method as transmission package as described in the claim 20, it is characterized in that also comprising selector group subsystem as described secondary signal processor, described secondary signal processor is received and the described user message signal of transmission carries out time division multiplexing, each user message signal is provided the step of exclusive transmission channel.
22. method as transmission package as described in the claim 16, it is characterized in that also comprising selector group subsystem as described secondary signal processor, described secondary signal processor is received and the described user message signal of transmission carries out time division multiplexing, each user message signal is provided the step of exclusive transmission channel.
23. the method for a kind of transmission package in the digital communications network is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A) with system router the cell units that receives is sent to the first bag transducer;
B) with the described first bag transducer described cell units is converted to adjustable length bag;
C) by a transmission line described adjustable length bag is transferred to first signal processor;
D) with described first signal processor described adjustable length bag is treated as its next transformat; And
E) signal that obtains is transferred to its next destination.
24. the method as transmission package as described in the claim 23 is characterized in that further comprising the steps of:
A) with the secondary signal processor user message signal that receives is treated as adjustable length bag;
B) with the second bag transducer described adjustable length bag is converted to cell units; And
C) described cell units is transferred to described system router.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96194583 CN1187283A (en) | 1995-06-08 | 1996-06-07 | Fast and efficient packet transmission system and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/488,770 | 1995-06-08 | ||
| CN 96194583 CN1187283A (en) | 1995-06-08 | 1996-06-07 | Fast and efficient packet transmission system and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1187283A true CN1187283A (en) | 1998-07-08 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 96194583 Pending CN1187283A (en) | 1995-06-08 | 1996-06-07 | Fast and efficient packet transmission system and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1187283A (en) |
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1996
- 1996-06-07 CN CN 96194583 patent/CN1187283A/en active Pending
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