CN117958785A - Intracranial pressure monitoring system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to an intracranial pressure monitoring system, comprising: an acquisition processing device, a behavior monitoring device, and a processor in signal connection with the acquisition processing device and the behavior monitoring device, respectively, the processor configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure of the user is lower than the lowest value of the preset range or exceeds the highest value of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user, which is related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information, shows that the gesture behavior and/or the activity behavior of the user are changed, outputting a result of whether the intracranial pressure change of the user is pathological change or not according to the change trend of the gesture behavior and/or the activity behavior of the user. The invention can solve the problem that the prior art can not distinguish whether the intracranial pressure increase of the user is caused by the disease deterioration, and achieves the aim of eliminating invalid prompts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a monitoring system, which is used for measuring bioelectric signals of a human body or parts of the human body, in particular to an intracranial pressure monitoring system.
Background
Intracranial pressure (INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE, ICP) is an important indicator reflecting the state of brain function. Intracranial pressure monitoring is of great importance in guiding diagnosis, treatment and efficacy assessment of neurological diseases. Increased intracranial pressure is a clinical emergency, and can directly affect brain metabolism and blood flow. Depending on the degree of the intracranial pressure increase, the conditions may be different, and when the intracranial pressure increase is light, symptoms such as dizziness, headache, vomiting and hypodynamia may only appear, for example, a part of patients with the intracranial pressure increase may first appear gastrointestinal dysfunction (vomiting, gastroduodenal bleeding, perforation and the like). When the intracranial pressure is increased seriously, brain dysfunction is possibly caused by pressing brain tissues, and when the cerebral perfusion pressure is lower than 5.3Kpa due to the continuous increase of the intracranial pressure, the automatic regulation function of cerebral blood vessels is not effective, the cerebral blood flow is reduced sharply, and cerebral ischemia and even cerebral death can occur. Therefore, monitoring of intracranial pressure in potentially risky patients is important. The intracranial pressure change is accurately monitored in real time, so that the condition observation is facilitated, the intracranial pressure increase can be found early, timely treatment measures can be taken for the patient, and the condition is prevented from developing to the severity degree, so that the life of the patient is threatened.
ICP monitoring methods are classified into two methods, invasive and non-invasive, and invasive ICP monitoring is regarded as a gold standard due to its high accuracy. In the invasive ICP monitoring method, ICP monitoring is more accurate in the brain chamber and brain parenchyma. In addition, the cerebral ventricle monitoring is also performed simultaneously with the cerebrospinal fluid drainage and the intraventricular drug treatment. Non-invasive ICP monitoring techniques include TCD techniques, optical sheath diameter measurement techniques, and the like. As ICP increases, the diastolic blood flow amplitude of TCD gradually decreases and PI (pulsatility index) gradually increases. When the diameter of the optic nerve sheath is more than 4.8-5.86 mm, the sensitivity of ICP more than 20mmHg is predicted to be 89-0.95%, and the specificity is predicted to be 74-96%. The invasive continuous ICP monitoring indications of craniocerebral injury (traumatic brain injury, TBI) include: ① GCS is less than or equal to 8 minutes; ② CT scans of the head show abnormalities such as hematoma, bruise, swelling, brain herniation, or basal pool compression. If the head CT scan does not show an abnormality, at least 2 of the following 3 conditions are satisfied: ① Age > 40 years; ② Motor posture abnormalities on one or both sides (removal of brain tonic or peeling layer tonic); ③ The systolic blood pressure is less than 90mmHg. The indication of invasive continuous ICP monitoring of non-TBI patients is not clear, and when acute severe brain injury is accompanied by clinical signs of increased ICP, imaging examination proves that serious intracranial lesions and obvious signs of increased ICP exist, the invasive continuous ICP monitoring can be considered, and the illness state can be evaluated and the treatment can be guided. The operation of invasive intracranial pressure monitoring techniques can cause complications associated with intracranial hemorrhage, infection, and the like, and is expensive, thus its application is largely limited. Non-invasive intracranial pressure monitoring can avoid the risks and disadvantages of traditional invasive monitoring. The noninvasive intracranial pressure monitoring is mainly realized by methods such as cerebral blood flow monitoring, intracranial pressure indirect conduction detection, neuroelectrophysiology monitoring and the like, and the essence of the noninvasive intracranial pressure monitoring is to monitor indirect manifestations (such as cerebral blood flow, tissue structure morphology and neuron electric activity change) caused by intracranial pressure changes. The existing noninvasive intracranial pressure monitoring device/equipment is large in size, is not suitable for communities or families, and is not beneficial to continuous monitoring in daily life scenes.
Furthermore, the prior art, such as the chinese patent application publication No. CN116600703a, provides a measuring device and corresponding method for noninvasively detecting intracranial pressure in a patient. The application provides a measuring device comprising: a retainer removably attachable to the outside of the patient's skull in a force-fit and/or form-fit manner; at least one dual stack bending sensor disposed within or on the holder; an analog signal amplifier and/or an analog signal filter for amplifying and/or filtering the measurement data provided by the dual-stack bending sensor; an a/D converter for converting analog measurement data into digital data; and the computing unit is used for preprocessing the digital data and computing and/or deducing vital parameters such as intracranial pressure and the like based on the digital data. According to the technical scheme, the influence of arterial blood vessel pulsation can be eliminated to a great extent so as to directly measure intracranial pressure pulsation, but monitoring errors caused by self behavior activities of a user in daily activities cannot be eliminated, namely, the monitoring result in the prior art is that the intracranial pressure is increased, and a prompt is sent.
In some cases, the user may not be caused by the change (deterioration) of the illness state, but may be caused by the increase of the intracranial pressure after the user performs the exercise, so that the prior art cannot distinguish whether the increase of the intracranial pressure of the user is caused by the deterioration of the illness state, and the user can send out a prompt only when the intracranial pressure is abnormal, so that invalid prompts cannot be removed, and the psychological burden of the user or the panic feeling of the user can be increased due to excessive prompting times.
Furthermore, there are differences in one aspect due to understanding to those skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the applicant has studied a lot of documents and patents while making the present invention, the text is not limited to details and contents of all but it is by no means the present invention does not have these prior art features, but the present invention has all the prior art features, and the applicant remains in the background art to which the right of the related prior art is added.
Disclosure of Invention
Although various noninvasive intracranial pressure monitoring schemes exist at present, such as monitoring the blood flow dynamics and blood flow physiological parameter change of intracranial blood vessels through transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TRANSCRANIAL DOPPLER, TCD), the ICP is reflected to a certain extent, but due to the fact that the ICP belongs to ultrasound monitoring, some subjective and objective deviations easily occur, and the scheme cannot realize real-time dynamic monitoring. Dual depth orbital doppler ultrasound, while having the advantage of relatively high reporting accuracy and full automation, requires specialized equipment and is not amenable to continuous measurement. The accuracy of the ONSD measurement is dependent on operator experience and continuous measurements are also not available.
In addition, the intracranial pressure monitoring device/equipment provided by the prior art is too large in size, and can not meet the monitoring requirement of a user in a daily life scene in specific places such as a use field Jing Duowei hospital and the like. If the illness state of some users is slow, symptoms and signs of intracranial pressure increase can not appear for a long time, the illness state is good and bad, and the users in the illness state can choose to recuperate at home, and only check regularly. In view of the above, there is a need for an apparatus/device suitable for intracranial pressure monitoring in a state of daily life. The improvement direction of the intracranial pressure monitoring device/device in the prior art is generally to collect more accurate intracranial pressure data (can be understood as noise reduction), but the intracranial pressure monitoring device provided by the prior art cannot distinguish whether the intracranial pressure increase of a user is caused by disease deterioration, and generally sends out invalid prompts when the intracranial pressure monitoring data are abnormal, especially when the invalid prompts are more, psychological burden of the user is easily increased.
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an intracranial pressure monitoring system comprising: the system comprises an acquisition processing device worn on the head of a user and used for acquiring intracranial pressure information of the user, a behavior monitoring device worn on a specific body part of the user and used for acquiring behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information, and a processor in signal connection with the acquisition processing device and the behavior monitoring device respectively, wherein the processor is configured to:
When the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure of the user is lower than the lowest value of the preset range or exceeds the highest value of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior and/or the activity behavior of the user are changed, outputting a result of whether the intracranial pressure change of the user is pathological change or not according to the change trend of the gesture behavior and/or the activity behavior of the user.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: the invention monitors and evaluates the intracranial pressure condition of the user based on the wearable acquisition and processing device, and is convenient for the user to use in various daily life scenes. The invention can continuously monitor the intracranial pressure of the user for a long time, realize the monitoring of the intracranial pressure dynamic change process and further carry out real-time dynamic evaluation on the intracranial pressure.
The method and the device acquire intracranial pressure information and behavior information of the user at the same time, and judge whether the intracranial pressure of the user is pathologically changed by combining the change of the behavior information of the user when the intracranial pressure of the user is monitored to be lower than the lower limit of the preset range or to exceed the upper limit of the preset range. When the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure of the user is lower than the lowest value of the preset range or exceeds the highest value of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user associated with the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior and/or the activity behavior of the user change, the abnormal change of the intracranial pressure of the user is caused by the behavior change and is not a result of pathological change. The invention carries out qualitative judgment on the pathological changes of the intracranial pressure based on the acquired intracranial pressure information of the user and the behavior information of the user, so as to avoid invalid warning to the user caused by the non-pathological intracranial pressure changes caused by related activity behaviors and ensure that the normal daily life of the user is not disturbed. On the other hand, the intracranial pressure information acquisition time is related to the acquisition time of the behavior information of the user, the acquisition time of the behavior of the user can be the same as the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure, and the setting can effectively judge whether the acquired intracranial pressure abnormal value (lower than the lower limit of the preset range or exceeding the upper limit of the preset range) is caused by the behavior change of the user or not before the intracranial pressure acquisition, so that the accuracy of the monitoring system is improved. If the intracranial pressure of the user is found to have pathological change, the invention can timely make early warning or prompt, and ensure that the user can be timely cured (take medicine, go to hospital and be sent to hospital).
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is changed from a first gesture for preventing the jugular vein from flowing back to a second gesture for facilitating the jugular vein flowing back in a specific time period, outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into a non-pathological change.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: when the measured intracranial pressure value is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, the user is indicated to be at low intracranial pressure, the posture behavior of the user is changed from lying posture (prone posture) to sitting posture or standing posture in the relevant time period for acquiring the intracranial pressure value, accordingly, the blocked jugular vein reflux is restored to normal jugular vein reflux, the venous pressure is reduced, and therefore the intracranial pressure is reduced, and the measured intracranial pressure value lower than the lower limit of the preset range is indicated to be caused by the posture behavior change of the user and is the result of non-pathological change.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is changed from the second gesture favorable for jugular vein backflow to the first gesture preventing jugular vein backflow in a specific time period, outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into pathological change.
The beneficial effect of this scheme: the measured intracranial pressure value is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, which indicates that the user is at the moment low in intracranial pressure, the posture behavior of the user is changed from sitting posture or standing posture to lying posture (prone posture) in the associated time period of collecting the intracranial pressure value, and the change from the second posture which is favorable for the jugular vein backflow to the first posture which is favorable for the jugular vein backflow causes the venous pressure to rise, and the intracranial pressure is theoretically increased, but the intracranial pressure value is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, which indicates that the result is not caused by the change of the posture behavior of the user, and is therefore the result of pathological change.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lowest value of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is kept in a second gesture which is beneficial to jugular vein reflux in a specific time period, prompting the user to change into a first gesture which prevents jugular vein reflux and continuously monitoring the intracranial pressure of the user in the specific time period;
Outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into a non-pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is within a preset range,
When the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user changes to pathological changes.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: in the relevant time period for acquiring the intracranial pressure value, the gesture behavior of the user keeps a second gesture favorable for jugular vein reflux, the actually measured intracranial pressure value is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, and the second gesture can reduce the intracranial pressure and can not judge whether the intracranial pressure measurement result at the moment is pathological change or not, so that the gesture behavior needs to be prompted to be changed by the user. After the posture of the user is changed into a first posture for preventing the jugular vein from flowing back, if the intracranial pressure value of the user is recovered to be normal, the non-pathological low intracranial pressure caused by the posture behavior is indicated, and the posture can be recovered after the posture is changed; if the intracranial pressure value of the user is still below the lower limit of the preset range, a pathologically low intracranial pressure is indicated.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor is configured to: and outputting a result that the intracranial pressure change of the user is pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lower limit of the preset range and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is the first gesture for keeping the jugular vein backflow blocked in a specific time period.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: in the associated time period of acquiring the intracranial pressure value, the gesture behavior of the user keeps a first gesture of preventing the jugular vein from flowing back, and the intracranial pressure is in a preset range or exceeds the preset range theoretically, but the actually measured intracranial pressure value is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, which indicates that the measured intracranial pressure is a pathological result.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is changed from a first gesture for preventing the jugular vein from flowing back to a second gesture for facilitating the jugular vein flowing back in a specific time period, outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into pathological change.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: the actual measured intracranial pressure value exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, which indicates that the user is at high intracranial pressure at the moment, and the gesture behavior of the user is changed from lying (prone) to sitting or standing, and the blocked jugular vein reflux is restored to normal jugular vein reflux, and the venous pressure is reduced, so that the intracranial pressure is reduced. If the intracranial pressure is increased due to the gesture behavior, the intracranial pressure value measured theoretically is not lower than the lower limit of the preset range, but the intracranial pressure value actually measured exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, which indicates that the result is not caused by the gesture behavior change of the user and is the result of pathological change.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is changed from the second gesture favorable for jugular vein backflow to the first gesture preventing jugular vein backflow in a specific time period, outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into non-pathological change.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: the measured intracranial pressure value exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, and in the associated time period of acquiring the intracranial pressure value, the posture behavior of the user is changed from a sitting posture or standing posture to a lying posture (prone posture), and the change from the second posture favorable for jugular vein reflux to the first posture blocking jugular vein reflux causes the venous pressure to rise, which indicates that the result is caused by the posture behavior of the user and is therefore the result of non-pathological change.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user keeps a first gesture for preventing the jugular vein from flowing back in a specific time period, prompting the user to change into a second gesture for facilitating the jugular vein from flowing back and continuously monitoring the intracranial pressure of the user in the specific time period;
Outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into a non-pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is within a preset range,
When the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user changes to a pathological change.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: in the relevant time period for acquiring the intracranial pressure value, the gesture behavior of the user keeps a first gesture for preventing the jugular vein from flowing back, the actually measured intracranial pressure value exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, and the first gesture possibly increases the intracranial pressure and cannot judge whether the intracranial pressure measurement result at the moment is pathological change or not, so that the gesture behavior needs to be prompted to be changed by the user. After the posture of the user is changed into a second posture which is favorable for jugular vein reflux, if the intracranial pressure value of the user is recovered to be normal, the non-pathological high intracranial pressure caused by the posture behavior is indicated, and the posture can be recovered after the posture is changed; if the user's intracranial pressure value still exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, a pathologically high intracranial pressure is indicated.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor is configured to: and outputting a result that the intracranial pressure change of the user is pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of the preset range and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user keeps a second gesture favorable for jugular vein reflux within a specific time period.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme: in the relevant time period for acquiring the intracranial pressure value, the gesture behavior of the user keeps a second gesture favorable for the jugular vein reflux, and in theory, the intracranial pressure is in a preset range or is lower than the preset range, but the actually measured intracranial pressure value is higher than the upper limit of the preset range, which indicates that the measured intracranial pressure is a pathological result.
Preferably, the processor is configured to: when the intracranial pressure of the user is changed pathologically, an alarm instruction is sent to the behavior monitoring device or the mobile terminal so as to prompt the user to visit a doctor.
Preferably, the processor is configured to: if the user does not respond to the prompt of the behavior monitoring device or the mobile terminal in time, the user is directly contacted with the family members of the user or the hospital goes to the position where the user is located for treatment. Sudden intracranial pressure rise can lead to coma of the patient, and through the technical scheme, relevant personnel can be timely informed to rescue after the patient loses consciousness so as to ensure the timeliness of rescue.
According to a preferred embodiment, the specific time period associated with the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information can refer to the same time period as the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information, or to a specific time period before the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information, which can cause a change or fluctuation in the intracranial pressure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred embodiment intracranial pressure monitoring system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic workflow diagram of an intracranial pressure monitoring system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of the operating principle of a preferred embodiment intracranial pressure monitoring system provided by the present invention.
List of reference numerals
100: An acquisition processing device; 110: a flash stimulation assembly; 120: an electroencephalogram electrode; 130: a data processing component; 200: behavior monitoring means; 300: a processor; 400: a mobile terminal.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings.
The intracranial pressure information includes signals input to and output from the cranium, and an intracranial pressure value which can directly reflect the intracranial pressure after conversion processing.
The specific body part refers to a specific body part, for example, a body part such as a wrist, a large arm, or the like, which can be used for wearing the monitoring device and can achieve the purpose of monitoring the behavior information of the user.
The behavior information refers to information of a change in a physiological parameter caused by a physiological activity of a user, information of body vibration of the user, information of body movement of the user, information of a change in posture of the user, information of a change in position of the user, information of a speed of body movement, and the like. Specifically, the behavior information can include information of the respiratory rate, heart rate, coughing, sneezing, trembling, posture behavior (prone, sitting, standing, squatting, etc.), activity behavior (moving distance, moving speed, type of activity, etc.) of the user.
The specific time period associated with the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information means that the same time period as the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information or a specific time period before the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information. Some behavioural activities of the user within a specific time before the acquisition of intracranial pressure information may briefly cause the intracranial pressure value to increase or decrease non-pathologically, and after a period of time, the intracranial pressure value may return to a normal preset range.
The invention can acquire intracranial pressure and change condition of intracranial pressure by collecting bioelectric signals of human brain through the electrode.
Examples
This example uses a flash visual evoked potential (flash visual evoked potential, fvp) to continuously monitor intracranial pressure. The present example uses the mechanism of flash vision evoked potential monitoring of intracranial pressure: the nerve fibers of the neuronal excitation and conduction pathways need to be constantly supplied with energy from the blood circulation, and changes in intracranial pressure can affect the activity of the neurons. The intracranial pressure is increased, ischemia and hypoxia and metabolic disorder can occur in neurons and fibers thereof, further, the nerve impulse process is changed, the conduction of an electric signal in the brain is changed, and the flash vision evoked potential is monitored through scalp electroencephalogram signals, so that the intracranial pressure can be monitored. When diffuse non-modal flash stimuli are applied to the retina, the retina is stimulated to produce nerve excitation, and the potential of the cerebral cortex (occipital lobe) changes, which is known as fvp. Fvp reflects changes in electrical potential resulting from nerve excitation from the retina following stimulation, which is conducted from the retina to the occipital visual pathway. The optic nerve function is generally affected when an abnormal change occurs in intracranial pressure, and in particular, the condition in which the optic nerve function is affected can include ICP (intracranial pressure) exceeding a normal level and continuously rising. When ICP exceeds normal levels or continues to rise, neurons and nerve fibers are subject to metabolic disorders due to ischemia and hypoxia, and accordingly, conduction of nerve electrical signals from retinal light stimulation to occipital lobes of the brain is hindered. When abnormal conduction of nerve electric signals occurs, the amplitude and peak latency of FVEP are different from those of normal conditions, and changes such as latency prolongation, amplitude reduction and the like can occur.
When ICP rises, nerve excitation is hindered in the transmission of the optic path to the optic center, the transmission rate of nerve electrical signals in the brain is slowed, the peak latency of fvp is prolonged, and the latency prolonged time is proportional to the ICP value. For example, an N2 latency of greater than 80ms corresponds to ICP greater than 200mmH 2 O. According to the method, visual stimulation is carried out on a user to acquire the delay time of negative waves (N2 waves) appearing in the latency period, and the acquired N2 wave delay time can be converted into an ICP value by utilizing a relation table of the N2 wave delay time and the ICP value. For example, an N2 latency of between 68 and 76ms can correspond to an ICP of 80 to 180mmH 2 O; n2 latency between 76 and 84ms can correspond to ICP of 180 to 300mmH 2 O.
Preferably, this embodiment also allows for continuous monitoring of intracranial pressure using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology. In terms of non-invasive ICP monitoring, the elevation of intracranial pressure can be determined using NIRS technology, which is a non-invasive optical sensing technology capable of reflecting optical properties in biological tissue by measuring light absorption in the near infrared range. After the intracranial pressure is increased, cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygenation are reduced, and the light absorption condition in the infrared range measured by NIRS can reflect the change of the local concentration of the oxygenated hemoglobin in blood, and for brain tissues, the change of the local concentration of the oxygenated hemoglobin indicates the abnormal condition of cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygenation, so that the change of NIRS parameters can reflect the condition of the intracranial pressure increase theoretically.
Clinically, some users do not need treatment in hospitals, for example: smaller skull bone tumor, intracranial small lipoma, etc., and the user has no symptoms and does not influence normal life. The part of users only need to review regularly. In special cases, such as cases of increased intracranial lipoma and worsening of the condition, the tumor can press peripheral nerve cells to cause increased intracranial pressure, so that the user needs to monitor intracranial pressure in daily life. However, in daily life intracranial pressure monitoring, since a user or a family member of the user does not generally have medical knowledge, intracranial pressure abnormality caused by posture behavior or activity behavior of the user in the monitoring process cannot be eliminated, and the user or the family member of the user cannot judge the authenticity or validity of an intracranial pressure monitoring result, and when intracranial pressure abnormality occurs, the user may consider that his own illness state is worsened and select to go to a hospital for examination. In practice, however, intracranial pressure abnormalities also include non-pathological changes, such as: the abnormal results of intracranial pressure increase can occur in cases where a user may cough during intracranial pressure monitoring and in cases where the user monitors intracranial pressure immediately after carrying a weight.
In view of the foregoing, this embodiment provides an intracranial pressure monitoring system for a user to use automatically in a daily scenario without accompanying a medical staff, as shown in fig. 1, including: the system comprises an acquisition processing device 100 worn on the head of a user and used for acquiring intracranial pressure information of the user, a behavior monitoring device 200 worn on a specific body part of the user and used for acquiring behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information, a mobile terminal 400 carried by the user and provided with a processor 300 respectively connected with the acquisition processing device 100, the behavior monitoring device 200 and the mobile terminal 400 in a signal mode, wherein the mobile terminal 400 receives related alarm instructions.
Preferably, the processor 300 receives intracranial pressure information from the acquisition and processing device 100 and user behavior information from the behavior monitoring device 200, and generates prompt information in the form of expression including but not limited to voice, image and the like at the mobile terminal 400 after synchronously integrating and analyzing the information, and timely alerts the user.
The processor 300 may employ a mobile phone, tablet computer, personal Digital Assistant (PDA), etc. with a built-in high performance micro-processing chip or Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), which has a certain computing power to rapidly process and analyze a large amount of intracranial pressure data, and perform data analysis and processing in real time. In addition, the processor 300 itself has some memory and storage capacity to store intracranial pressure data, temporary data and computing programs generated during processing, and to store configuration files and other necessary data. Meanwhile, to implement signal connection with the acquisition processing device 100, the behavior monitoring device 200 and the mobile terminal 400, the processor 300 may further be provided with a data transmission interface and a communication interface with a medical staff, for example, a high-speed serial communication interface, an ethernet interface or other suitable communication protocols may be adopted. In order to perform personalized setting on preset intracranial pressure monitoring parameters, parameter thresholds and the like according to specific situations of different users, the processor 300 also uses a programmable gate array (FPGA) or a customizable integrated circuit to enable certain expansibility and flexibility.
Preferably, the processor 300 may be disposed on the acquisition and processing device 100, which has the advantage of being close to the sensor, capable of directly processing and converting the original intracranial pressure data, reducing the delay of data transmission, and improving the real-time performance of the system. Since the system is suitable for users in daily situations, the behavior monitoring device 200 and the mobile terminal 400 in the system can be worn on a specific body part of the user or carried by the user for a long time, if the processor 300 is integrated into the behavior monitoring device 200 or the mobile terminal 400, the volume and the weight can be increased, and the comfort and the portability of the user are affected, so the processor 300 is not preferentially arranged on the behavior monitoring device 200 or the mobile terminal 400.
Preferably, for a hospital equipped with a smart medical system, the processor 300 of the system can be connected with the smart medical system in real time by means of tools such as VPN, TLS/SSL and the like, and the data of the intracranial pressure monitoring system is intelligently analyzed by means of more various and accurate data analysis tools and algorithms of the smart medical system, so that medical staff of the hospital can monitor the intracranial pressure condition of the user at any time and any place, which is helpful for finding abnormal conditions in time and guaranteeing the safety of the user. In particular, the processor 300 may exchange and share information with medical systems such as hospital information systems (Hospital Information System, HIS), clinical laboratory information systems (Laboratory Information System, LIS), electronic medical record systems (Electronic Medical Record, EMR), and the like. By means of the configuration mode, medical staff can check intracranial pressure data of users at any time in HIS and LIS systems of hospitals, and the systems can provide real-time data charts, trend analysis and alarm functions so that the medical staff can find abnormal conditions in time. In addition, the healthcare worker can also re-acquire complete medical records of the user from the EMR system, including previous diagnosis, treatment and medication conditions, and provide more convenient and personalized medical services for different users in combination with data transmitted by the processor 300, so as to relieve symptoms of intracranial pressure abnormality of the user.
Preferably, depending on the set position and the set form of the processor 300, it can be signal-connected with the acquisition processing device 100, the behavior monitoring device 200 and the mobile terminal 400 by wired and/or wireless means. The manner in which the wired signal is connected may include, but is not limited to, a USB port, an RS232 connector, an RJ45 connector, ethernet, and any combination thereof. The manner in which the wireless signals are connected may include, but is not limited to, intranet connectivity, the Internet, ISM, wi-Fi, wi-Max, IEEE 402.11 technology, zigBee technology, Z-Wave technology, 6LoWPAN technology, local Area Network (LAN), wide Area Network (WAN), shared Wireless Access Protocol (SWAP), and any combination thereof.
Preferably, the processor 300 is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure of the user is lower than the lower limit of the preset range or exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user, which is related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information, shows that the gesture behavior and/or the activity behavior of the user are changed, outputting a result of whether the intracranial pressure change of the user is pathological change or not according to the change trend of the gesture behavior and/or the activity behavior of the user.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of the operation principle of the intracranial pressure monitoring system provided in the present embodiment. Preferably, the acquisition and processing device 100 is in signal communication with the processor 300 to send the obtained intracranial pressure information to the processor 300. Specifically, the acquisition processing device 100 acquires intracranial pressure-related data of the user by using noninvasive intracranial pressure monitoring means such as a flash visual evoked potential or a near infrared spectrum technique, and the data is subjected to preprocessing such as data cleaning, denoising, normalization, and the like, formatted, and then transmitted to the processor 300.
Preferably, the behavior monitoring device 200 is in signal connection with the processor 300 to send the obtained behavior information of the user to the processor 300. Specifically, the behavior monitoring apparatus 200 can send physiological data including blood pressure, blood oxygen, heart rate, etc. to the processor 300, and can also send behavior data such as activity, posture, gait (step frequency, stride), etc., while it can also send time stamp information for identifying the physiological data and the behavior data in order to ensure timeliness and continuity of the data.
Preferably, the mobile terminal 400 is in signal connection with the processor 300 to receive a diagnosis result of intracranial pressure variation obtained from the processor 300 through data analysis. The mobile terminal 400 can be an intelligent terminal with communication and prompt functions such as a mobile phone, a tablet, a computer, a smart watch and the like. The mobile terminal 400 can be carried by a user, so that the user can acquire the basic communication and prompt functions in time and can also be integrally arranged with the behavior monitoring device 200, thereby simplifying the intracranial pressure monitoring system of the embodiment.
Preferably, after receiving the data from the acquisition processing device 100 and the behavior monitoring device 200, the processor 300 performs operations such as data integration, correlation analysis, anomaly detection, trend prediction, etc., thereby providing more insight and diagnostic basis. The processed data can be used for real-time monitoring, alarm triggering, diagnosis suggestion outputting and the like, and can assist medical staff and/or users to better know intracranial pressure conditions.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor 300 is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is changed from a first gesture for preventing the jugular vein from flowing back to a second gesture for facilitating the jugular vein flowing back in a specific time period, outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into a non-pathological change.
Preferably, the first posture is a lying posture (prone posture). When the human body is in the lying position, the return flow of the jugular vein can be blocked or reduced, so that the venous pressure rises, and the intracranial pressure can be increased by the rising of the venous pressure.
Preferably, the second posture is a sitting posture or a standing posture. When the human body is in sitting or standing posture, the back flow of the jugular vein is facilitated, and the intracranial pressure can be reduced.
Preferably, the preset range of intracranial pressure refers to an intracranial pressure reference value in which the intracranial pressure is in a normal variation range.
Preferably, the preset range can be set to 80 to 180mmH 2 O. The upper limit of the preset range is 180mmH 2 O. The lower limit of the preset range is 80mmH 2 O.
Fig. 2 is a schematic workflow diagram of the intracranial pressure monitoring system provided in the present embodiment. According to a preferred embodiment, the processor 300 is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is changed from the second gesture favorable for jugular vein backflow to the first gesture preventing jugular vein backflow in a specific time period, outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into pathological change.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor 300 is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lowest value of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is kept in a second gesture which is beneficial to jugular vein reflux in a specific time period, prompting the user to change into a first gesture which prevents jugular vein reflux and continuously monitoring the intracranial pressure of the user in the specific time period; in such a monitoring scenario, when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is within the preset range, a result of the intracranial pressure change of the user being a non-pathological change is output, and when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is below the lower limit of the preset range, a result of the intracranial pressure change of the user being a pathological change is output.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor 300 is configured to: and outputting a result that the intracranial pressure change of the user is pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lower limit of the preset range and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is the first gesture for keeping the jugular vein backflow blocked in a specific time period.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor 300 is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lower limit of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the activity behavior of the user carries out the activity of lifting or weightlifting objects in a specific time period, outputting the result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into non-pathological change.
After the body lifts or weights, rapid expiration and muscle relaxation can occur, venous pressure can be reduced, and intracranial hypotension reduces brain capacity, so that temporary low cranium pressure can occur after the body lifts or weights are lifted within a specific time period, and the device belongs to a non-pathological result.
Preferably, the specific period of time can be set to 10 to 20 minutes. According to a preferred embodiment, the processor 300 is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is changed from a first gesture for preventing the jugular vein from flowing back to a second gesture for facilitating the jugular vein flowing back in a specific time period, outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into pathological change.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor 300 is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is changed from the second gesture favorable for jugular vein backflow to the first gesture preventing jugular vein backflow in a specific time period, outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into non-pathological change.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor 300 is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user keeps a first gesture for preventing the jugular vein from flowing back in a specific time period, prompting the user to change into a second gesture for facilitating the jugular vein from flowing back and continuously monitoring the intracranial pressure of the user in the specific time period; in such a monitoring scenario, when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is within the preset range, a result of the intracranial pressure change of the user being a non-pathological change is output, and when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, a result of the intracranial pressure change of the user being a pathological change is output.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor 300 is configured to: when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user keeps a second gesture favorable for jugular vein reflux in a specific time period, outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user changes into pathological changes.
According to a preferred embodiment, the processor 300 is configured to: outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into a non-pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of the preset range and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the user performs intense activity within a specific time period.
Preferably, the strenuous activities include activities such as rapid movement, climbing stairs, etc., which are prone to cause hypoxia to the user, which may cause increased intracranial pressure.
Preferably, the behavior monitoring apparatus 200 is also capable of judging the behavior activity of the user by monitoring the movement or vibration amplitude of the user. For example, the respiratory rate, heart rate, coughing, sneezing, tremor, etc. of the user are monitored.
Preferably, the specific time period associated with the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information can refer to the same time period as the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information.
Preferably, the specific time period associated with the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information can refer to a specific time period before the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information, which can cause a change or fluctuation in the intracranial pressure.
Preferably, the processor 300 can store time period information of different durations corresponding to different gesture behaviors and/or activity behaviors in advance, and when the acquisition processing device 100 acquires abnormal intracranial pressure information, the behavior monitoring device 200 backtracks whether the corresponding behavior information exists in the time period. Specifically, some actions of the user can have a more remarkable influence on the intracranial pressure value in a shorter time after the actions occur, namely, the influence of the actions on intracranial pressure information is immediate, such as short and intense actions of sudden head impact or rapid cough and the like; while other actions of the user have a more pronounced effect on the value of intracranial pressure after a longer time, i.e. the effect of these actions on intracranial pressure information is slow, such as maintaining the same posture for a long time or performing physical activity, etc. Thus, for the instant-effect behavior, the corresponding time period is shorter, such as 1-5 minutes; for slow-influencing behaviour, the corresponding time period is longer, e.g. 30-60 minutes. The purpose of this arrangement is to promote the degree to which the user behaviour matches the change in intracranial pressure information to ensure that analysis of the data acquired by the acquisition processing apparatus 100 takes into account the factors of the change in intracranial pressure information caused by the user behaviour. It may be more accurate to determine whether a change in intracranial pressure is a pathological change by considering the duration of the effect of user behavior on intracranial pressure.
Preferably, the behavior monitoring device 200 can be configured as APPLE WATCH smart watches.
Preferably, the behavior monitoring apparatus 200 transmits a signal to the target object using a transmitter, and receives a signal reflected from the target object through a receiver to detect vibration or movement of the target object.
Preferably, the acquisition and processing device 100 includes a flash stimulation component 110, an electroencephalogram electrode 120, and a data processing component 130. The flash stimulation assembly comprises goggles and flash lamps arranged in the goggles. The flash is used to stimulate both eyes. The data processing component 130 is configured to convert an electrical signal reflecting changes in intracranial pressure into an intracranial pressure value. Preferably, the flash light within the goggles outputs a stimulus signal into the cranium, the stimulus signal enters the cranium to cause a change in the cerebral cortex potential and output a potential signal, the electroencephalogram electrode 120 receives the output potential signal, and the data processing component 130 receives the potential signal output from the cranium and converts it to an intracranial pressure value.
Specifically, the light source generated by the flash lamp is blue neon light, the flash stimulation frequency is 1.0Hz, the flash pulse width is 2ms, and the flash times are 70 times (1/s).
Specifically, the electroencephalogram electrode 120 includes an electrode provided in the occipital portion and an electrode provided in the frontal portion. The electroencephalogram electrode 120 is in signal connection with the data processing component 130. The two reference electrodes are arranged at the midpoint between the two brows of the forehead and the hairline, the recording electrodes are arranged near the two sides of the occipital tuberosity, and the electrodes are dry electrodes, so that the occipital tuberosity is convenient and rapid to wear and record.
In particular, the data processing component 130 can be provided as an integrated device that can be integrated onto the flash stimulation component 110 or the electroencephalogram electrode 120 without affecting use. The data processing assembly 130 performs the function of intracranial pressure data conversion, which can be a piezoelectric (Piezoresistiv) or photoelectric (Optoelektronisch) converter, for converting the electrical signals acquired by the electroencephalogram electrodes 120 into specific intracranial pressure values.
Preferably, the intracranial pressure monitoring system further comprises a mobile terminal 400. The mobile terminal 400 can be a cell phone, tablet, computer, smart watch.
Preferably, the processor 300 is configured to: when a pathological change occurs in the intracranial pressure of the user, an alarm instruction is sent to the behavior monitoring device 200 or the mobile terminal 400 to prompt the user to visit a doctor.
Preferably, the processor 300 is configured to: if the user does not respond to the prompt of the behavior monitoring device 200 or the mobile terminal 400 in time, the user is directly contacted with the family members of the user or the hospital goes to the position where the user is located for treatment. Sudden intracranial pressure rise can lead to coma of the patient, and through the technical scheme, relevant personnel can be timely informed to rescue after the patient loses consciousness so as to ensure the timeliness of rescue.
Preferably, the acquisition processing device 100 may automatically analyze and compare the collected and recorded electroencephalogram, the fvp potential is N2 wave, the intracranial pressure value is calculated by referring to indexes such as the N2 wave latency, and the like, and the acquisition processing device 100 may generate visual reports after collecting the electroencephalogram. The acquisition processing device 100 is connected with a mobile communication device such as a patient mobile phone or a doctor computer in a wireless transmission mode, and a doctor end or a patient end can view quantitative and image results through the mobile communication device.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are exemplary, and that a person skilled in the art, in light of the present disclosure, may devise various solutions that fall within the scope of the present disclosure and fall within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present description and drawings are illustrative and not limiting to the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The description of the invention includes a plurality of inventive concepts, such as "preferably", "according to a preferred embodiment" or "optionally" each meaning that the corresponding paragraph discloses a separate concept, the applicant reserves the right to filed a divisional application according to each inventive concept. Throughout this document, the word "preferably" is used in a generic sense to mean only one alternative, and not to be construed as necessarily required, so that the applicant reserves the right to forego or delete the relevant preferred feature at any time.
Claims (10)
1. An intracranial pressure monitoring system, comprising: an acquisition processing device (1O 0) worn on the head of a user for acquiring intracranial pressure information of the user, a behavior monitoring device (200) worn on a specific body part of the user for acquiring behavior information of the user in association with an acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information, and a processor (300) in signal connection with the acquisition processing device (1O 0) and the behavior monitoring device (200), respectively, characterized in that the processor (300) is configured to:
When the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure of the user is lower than the lowest value of the preset range or exceeds the highest value of the preset range, and the behavior information of the user, which is related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information, shows that the gesture behavior and/or the activity behavior of the user are changed, outputting a result of whether the intracranial pressure change of the user is pathological change or not according to the change trend of the gesture behavior and/or the activity behavior of the user.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor (300) is configured to: and outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into a non-pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lower limit of a preset range and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is changed from a first gesture for preventing the jugular vein from flowing back to a second gesture for facilitating the jugular vein from flowing back in a specific time period.
3. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the processor (300) is configured to: and outputting a result that the intracranial pressure change of the user is pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lower limit of the preset range and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is changed from the second gesture favorable for jugular vein backflow to the first gesture preventing jugular vein backflow in a specific time period.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor (300) is configured to: prompting the user to change to a first posture preventing jugular vein reflux and continuously monitoring the intracranial pressure of the user in a specific time period when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lowest value of a preset range and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the posture behavior of the user is kept to be a second posture favorable for jugular vein reflux in the specific time period;
Outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into a non-pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is within a preset range,
And outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user changes into pathological changes when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lower limit of the preset range.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor (300) is configured to: and outputting a result that the intracranial pressure change of the user is pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is lower than the lower limit of a preset range and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is a first gesture for keeping the jugular vein backflow blocked in a specific time period.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor (300) is configured to: and outputting a result that the intracranial pressure change of the user is pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of a preset range and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is changed from a first gesture for preventing the jugular vein from flowing back to a second gesture for facilitating the jugular vein from flowing back in a specific time period.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor (300) is configured to: outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into a non-pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of a preset range and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user is changed from a second gesture favorable for jugular vein backflow to a first gesture preventing jugular vein backflow in a specific time period.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor (300) is configured to: prompting the user to change to a second posture favorable for jugular vein reflux and continuously monitoring the intracranial pressure of the user in a specific time period when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of a preset range and the behavior information of the user, which is related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information, shows that the posture behavior of the user keeps a first posture which prevents jugular vein reflux in the specific time period;
Outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user is changed into a non-pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user is within a preset range,
Outputting a result that the intracranial pressure of the user changes to a pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of a preset range.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor (300) is configured to: and outputting a result that the intracranial pressure change of the user is pathological change when the intracranial pressure information shows that the intracranial pressure value of the user exceeds the upper limit of a preset range and the behavior information of the user related to the acquisition time of the intracranial pressure information shows that the gesture behavior of the user keeps a second gesture favorable for jugular vein reflux in a specific time period.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the particular time period associated with the time of acquisition of the intracranial pressure information can refer to the same time period as the time of acquisition of the intracranial pressure information or to a particular time period prior to the time of acquisition of the intracranial pressure information that can cause a change or fluctuation in the intracranial pressure.
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