CN117761346A - multimode bistable structure stem flow measuring device suitable for different plant stems - Google Patents
multimode bistable structure stem flow measuring device suitable for different plant stems Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stem flow measuring device with a multi-mode bistable structure, which is applicable to different plant stems, and comprises a flexible fixing device for wrapping and fixing the plant stems, a multi-mode sensor for detecting stem flow and a detection system, wherein the detection system acquires the stem flow of the plant stems according to data acquired by the multi-mode sensor; the flexible fixing device comprises a bistable structure flexible fixing tube sleeved on the plant stalk, and a mounting unit arranged on the inner wall of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube; the multimode sensor comprises a flexible base on which a circuit is laid, and a sensor and a heater which are arranged on the flexible base and are in data communication with the detection system, and the flexible base is provided with an assembly unit which is matched with the installation unit for use. The device provided by the invention can realize long-time fixed-point and nondestructive accurate measurement of the stem flow of the plant stems.
Description
Technical Field
the invention belongs to the field of sensors, and particularly relates to a stem flow measuring device with a multi-mode bistable structure, which is applicable to different plant stems.
Background
Water is a necessary factor for plant growth, when the liquid water of soil enters the plant body through the root system, the liquid water is transported upwards to various plant organs through the stem xylem catheter until reaching the canopy, and finally the liquid water is transpirated by the leaf pores and diffused into the atmosphere. In this process, the index that can most directly and accurately assess the moisture transport capacity of plants is the stalk flow, also known as stalk flow. The method can be used for analyzing the transmission mode of the plant to moisture and nutrient substances more deeply by researching the stem flow of the plant, so that people are better guided to effectively regulate the growth condition of the plant to improve the benefit of agricultural production.
Currently, a stem flow sensor is a reliable tool for measuring the stem flow of a plant, mainly uses a heat tracing method, obtains thermal physical parameters such as the thermal conductivity, the heat capacity, the thermal diffusion coefficient and the like of the plant medium and the stem flow rate of the plant by monitoring the temperature field change generated by a heat source in an isotropic medium and solving a heat conduction equation, and can be roughly divided into three types according to the difference of measurement principles, namely a heat pulse method, a heat balance method and a heat diffusion method.
patent document CN115684504a discloses a miniature stem flow sensor for plant small stems, which also comprises a fixing piece for fixing plant stems, but when the sensor fails to consider long-time in-situ detection of plant stem flow in design, the fixing piece and the sensor deform or squeeze when plant stems grow thicker, so that the problem of abnormal follow-up detection data is caused.
Patent document CN110118795a discloses a composite ecosystem evapotranspiration measuring system and an operation method thereof, the system comprises a nine-needle heat pulse soil evapotranspiration probe (1), a three-needle plant stem flow meter (2), a wrapped plant stem flow meter (3), a data communication cable (4) and a power supply, data acquisition and transmission system (5), the nine-needle heat pulse soil evapotranspiration probe (1) is arranged on a soil surface layer, the three-needle plant stem flow meter (2) is arranged on a robust plant stem, the wrapped plant stem flow meter (3) is arranged on a tiny plant stem, and the nine-needle heat pulse soil evapotranspiration probe (1), the three-needle plant stem flow meter (2), the wrapped plant stem flow meter (3) and the power supply, the data acquisition and transmission system (5) are sequentially connected through the data communication cable (4); the system is connected to the same data collector or different data collectors. The device belongs to destructive detection mode, and is only suitable for plants with thicker stalks.
In addition, because the stem thickness and the overall stem flow rate of different plants are different, the problems of unmatched measurement range, lower measurement accuracy and the like easily occur when the stem flow rate is measured by using the stem flow sensor with single module spacing and measurement mode, for example, the result is accurate when the stem flow is lower by a thermal equilibrium method, but the result can be overestimated when the stem flow is higher, however, the relative positions of the heating module and the temperature measuring module on the current stem flow sensor cannot be changed, so that the distance between the heating module and the temperature measuring module and the stem flow measurement mode are fixed, therefore, only the stem flow of a certain specific plant can be detected, and the ideal measurement effect cannot be achieved unless the module spacing and the measurement mode are redesigned when the stem flow measurement is performed on stems of other different plants.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-mode bistable structure stem flow measuring device suitable for different plant stems, which can realize long-time fixed-point and nondestructive accurate measurement of plant stem flow.
in order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is provided: the stem flow measuring device comprises a flexible fixing device for wrapping and fixing plant stems, a multi-mode sensor for detecting stem flow and a detection system, wherein the detection system acquires the stem flow of the plant stems according to data acquired by the multi-mode sensor;
The flexible fixing device comprises a bistable structure flexible fixing pipe sleeved on the plant stalk and a mounting unit arranged on the inner wall of the bistable structure flexible fixing pipe, wherein the bistable structure flexible fixing pipe comprises a first connecting part, a bistable structure part and a second connecting part which are connected in a closed loop mode in sequence, the bistable structure part comprises a plurality of supporting units which are connected end to end in sequence and a deformation unit used for connecting the adjacent supporting units, when the plant stalk is gradually enlarged, the connection shape between the deformation unit and the connected supporting units is changed into a prismatic shape from V-shaped, and an avoidance port used for the entry of the multimode sensor is formed in the closed loop connection part of the first connecting part and the second connecting part;
The multi-mode sensor comprises a flexible base on which a circuit is laid, and a sensor and a heater which are arranged on the flexible base and are in data communication with the detection system, wherein the flexible base is provided with an assembly unit which is matched with the installation unit for use, and the detection mode of the multi-mode sensor is changed according to the relative positions of the sensor and the heater on the plant stalks.
The invention can ensure fixed-point detection by the flexible fixing device which can change along with the diameter change of the plant stalk, and can ensure that the sensor and the heater attached to the inner wall of the bistable structure flexible fixing pipe can be tightly attached to the plant stalk, thereby avoiding measurement errors caused by gaps.
Specifically, the flexible base comprises a trunk part and a branch part, wherein the trunk part gathers the circuits of all branch parts, and the branch part comprises a heating branch with a heater at the extending end and used for locally heating plant stems and a temperature measuring branch with a sensor at the extending end.
specifically, the branching part adopts a serpentine arrangement mode, so that the flexible base can be adaptively stretched along with the flexible fixing tube of the bistable structure when the plant stalk grows and thickens, and the relative positions of the sensor and the heater are not changed.
specifically, a detection mode is set according to the arrangement modes of the heating branch and the temperature measuring branch, and the detection mode comprises:
a heat pulse method, wherein a first temperature measuring branch, a heating branch and a second temperature measuring branch are sequentially arranged at intervals along the stem flow direction of the plant stem;
A first temperature measuring branch and a second temperature measuring branch are sequentially arranged at intervals along the stem flow direction of the plant stem in a thermal balancing way, and heating branches which are closely attached to the second temperature measuring branch are arranged in the intervals;
the thermal diffusion method is characterized in that a first temperature measuring branch and a second temperature measuring branch are sequentially arranged at intervals along the stem flow direction of the plant stem, and the second temperature measuring branch is provided with a heating branch on the circumference of the cross section of the same plant stem.
specifically, the flexible base is provided with a plug connector for connecting the detection system, and the plug connector is adopted so that the multimode sensor corresponding to the flexible base can be adapted to different detection devices, thereby being capable of coping with measurement tasks under different scenes.
Specifically, the mounting units adopt mounting grooves which are distributed on the inner wall of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube at equal intervals, and the assembling units adopt fixing blocks which are arranged on the surface of the flexible base and are assembled and fixed with the mounting grooves, so that the flexible base surface stretches and changes along with the change of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube, and the relative positions of the sensor and the heater on the flexible base surface are not changed.
specifically, the tank bottom of mounting groove with the fixed block is inside all to be equipped with the permanent magnet, adsorbs fixedly so that the installation through magnetic force.
Specifically, the supporting unit has a plurality ofly, and a plurality of supporting units are arranged along plant stalk direction in order to form the holding surface to increase the detection face thereby improves the rate of accuracy of detecting data.
Specifically, the detection system includes:
the temperature control module is used for adjusting the heating temperature and the heating time of the heater;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring sensor data of the plant stem flow temperature change;
The data analysis module is used for outputting the stem flow of the plant stems according to the preset heating temperature and the returned sensor data;
and the communication module is used for sending preset heating temperature and heating time to the heater and receiving sensor data returned by the sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The bistable structure flexible fixing tube adopts a bistable structure design, and has larger elasticity under low strain and smaller rebound force change under high strain due to the super-elasticity characteristic of the bistable structure, so that on one hand, the sensor can be stably mounted on the plant stalk, and on the other hand, the obstruction of the sensor mounting on the growth of the plant stalk is reduced, and the nondestructive detection of the stalk flow rate is realized;
meanwhile, by utilizing the characteristic that the flexible basal plane can stretch and deform, the bistable structure flexible fixing tube which changes along with the plant stems can be better attached to the surfaces of the plant stems with different types or different diameters, so that the purpose of detecting the plant stem flows of specific types and fixed point measurement is realized.
Drawings
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-mode bistable structure stem flow measuring device according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit layout side of the multimode sensor according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a side view of an assembly unit of the multimode sensor according to the present embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic connection diagram of the multimode sensor and the communication module according to the present embodiment;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the multimode sensor provided in the present embodiment when attached to a plant stalk;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the curl of the multimode sensor according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a flexible fixing device according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a partially expanded view of the flexible fixation device provided in this embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a fully expanded view of the flexible fixation device provided by the present embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the stress variation of the bistable structure according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the bistable flexible anchoring tube fully stretched according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a fully extended deployment view of the bistable flexible anchoring tube provided in this embodiment;
FIG. 13 is a partially expanded view of the flexible fixture and multimode sensor assembly provided in this embodiment;
FIG. 14 is an expanded schematic view of the flexible fixture and multimode sensor assembly provided in this embodiment;
FIG. 15 is an axial schematic view of the flexible fixture and multimode sensor assembly provided in this embodiment;
FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a multi-mode sensor arrangement based on the thermal pulse method according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a multi-mode sensor arrangement based on the thermal balancing method according to the present embodiment;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a multi-mode sensor arrangement based on thermal diffusion according to the present embodiment;
in the figure, 1, a multimode sensor; 11. a flexible base; 110. serpentine arrangement; 111. a first temperature measurement branch; 112. heating branches; 113. a second temperature measurement branch; 12. a circuit; 13. a heater; 14. a first sensor; 15. a second sensor; 16. a flat cable; 17. a fixed block; 18. a communication module; 19. an interface; 2. a flexible fixing device; 21. a bistable structure flexible fixed tube; 22. a mounting groove; 23. a mounting groove permanent magnet; 24. an opening magnet; 25. an avoidance port; 26. a closed loop installation unit; 3. plant stalks; 4. a stem flow direction; 5. a supporting unit; 6. a deformation unit; 61. a connection section; 51. a middle connector; 52. a first end connector; 53. and a second end connector.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
as shown in fig. 1, a stem flow measuring device with a multi-mode bistable structure suitable for different plant stems is provided in this embodiment, and includes a flexible fixing device 2for wrapping and fixing plant stems, a multi-mode sensor 1 for detecting stem flow, and a detection system.
Wherein the detection system is used for acquiring the stem flow size of the plant stems according to the data acquired by the multi-mode sensor 1, more specifically the detection system comprises:
the temperature control module is used for adjusting the heating temperature and the heating time of the heater;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring sensor data of the plant stem flow temperature change;
The data analysis module is used for outputting the stem flow of the plant stems according to the preset heating temperature and the returned sensor data;
and the communication module is used for sending preset heating temperature and heating time to the heater and receiving sensor data returned by the sensor.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a schematic diagram of a multimode sensor according to this embodiment is provided, which includes a flexible base 11, a first sensor 14 disposed on the flexible base 11 and in data communication with a detection system, a second sensor 15, and a heater 13.
more specifically, the flexible base surface 11 comprises a trunk portion and a branch portion, the trunk portion summarizing the electrical circuits 12 of all branch portions, the branch portion comprising a heating branch 112 with a heater 13 at the projecting end for locally heating the plant stalks and a first temperature measuring branch 111 with a first sensor 14 at the projecting end and a second temperature measuring branch 113 with a second sensor 15 at the projecting end.
the circuits 12 of the branch parts are arranged on the flat cable 16 of the trunk part for summarizing, and are integrally formed and prepared on the flexible substrate 11 by means of laser etching a metal film.
Each branch is connected with the trunk part through the serpentine arrangement 110, wherein two temperature measuring branches are separated from each other and keep a certain interval, and meanwhile, the length of each temperature measuring branch is greater than or about equal to that of each heating branch, so that the temperature change acquired by the sensor is the temperature change belonging to the stem flow, but not the temperature change of the surface of the plant stem, and the accuracy of the final detection result is improved.
and the opposite surface of the flexible base 11 to the circuit 12 is provided with a fixing block for fixedly arranging the flexible base 11 in the flexible fixing device 2.
As shown in fig. 4, the flat cable 16 of the trunk portion is adhered and reinforced relative to one end face of the branch portion to form a plug 19, and the plug 19 is connected with the communication module 18 of the detection system by a wire, so as to realize data intercommunication and relative connection between the flexible substrate 11 and the communication module 18.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a schematic illustration of attachment between the multimode sensor and the plant stalk is provided in the above embodiment, when the flexible substrate 11 attaches the heater 13 and the first sensor 14 and the second sensor 15 to the surface of the plant stalk 3, where the first sensor 14 and the second sensor 15 are disposed upstream and downstream in the stalk flow direction 4 of the plant stalk 3 and are located at one side of the plant stalk 3, and the heater 13 is disposed between the two sensors and is disposed at the other side of the plant stalk 3 relative to the sensors, so that the influence of the heater 13 on the measurement results of the two sensors is effectively avoided.
More specifically, the multimode sensor 1 operates as follows:
The detection system sends a heating control command to the heater 13 through the communication module 18 so that the heater 13 starts heating, the generated heat is transmitted along the stem flow direction due to the liquid flow in the plant stems 3, so that the temperature between the two sensors is different, the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature data of the two sensors to obtain the temperature difference, and the data analysis module is used for calculating the stem flow rate according to the change trend of the temperature difference.
Since the stem flow rate is calculated by measuring the temperature difference between the two sensors, the accuracy of the result has an important relationship with the distance between the heater 13 and the two sensors, and when the stem flow rate measurement is performed on different kinds of plant stems, there is a certain difference in the module spacing that makes the measurement accuracy highest, while by controlling the stretching deformation of the serpentine 110 on the flexible substrate 11, the positions of the heater 13 and the two sensors on the surface of the stems can be changed, and the distance between the heater 13 and the two sensors in the stem direction can be adjusted, so that the best measurement accuracy can be obtained by optimizing the spacing when measuring a specific kind of plant.
In the present embodiment, the proposed flexible substrate 11 is manufactured by integrally molding a flexible material, and more specifically, the flexible substrate 11 is manufactured by curing a mold using high molecular polymer Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a material. It should be noted that the material used for preparing the flexible substrate 11 is not limited to the above material, and the above material has a high market share and a mature process, so this embodiment will be described in detail by taking it as an example.
the circuit 12 is prepared by laser etching a metal film on one side surface of the flexible substrate 11, and the heater 13, the first sensor 14 and the second sensor 15 are fixed to the heating branch 112 using conductive silver paste, respectively, and the ends of the first temperature measuring branch 111 and the second temperature measuring branch 113 are electrically connected to the circuit 12. In addition to the above methods, the circuit may be fabricated by photolithography, chemical etching, screen printing, and the like.
in the present embodiment, the heater 13 employs a micro heating module using a PTC thermistor having dimensions of 1.6 mm long by 0.8 mm wide by 0.7 mm high.
The first sensor 14 and the second sensor 15 each use the same type of temperature sensor, which is a TMP112 having dimensions of 1.6 mm long by 1.2 mm wide by 0.7 mm high.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the flexible fixing device 2 provided in this embodiment includes a bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21 sleeved on the plant stalk 3 and a mounting groove 22 disposed on an inner wall of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube, where the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21 includes a first connecting portion, a bistable structure portion and a second connecting portion connected in a closed loop in sequence, and the bistable structure portion includes a plurality of support units connected end to end in sequence and a deformation unit for connecting adjacent support units, and when the plant stalk gradually increases, a connection shape between the deformation unit and the connected support units is changed from V-shape into prismatic shape.
As shown in fig. 9, the mounting grooves 22 are distributed on the inner wall of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21 in an array form, and each groove bottom is provided with a mounting groove permanent magnet 23, and the fixing block 17 of the flexible base 11 is also provided with a permanent magnet matched with the mounting groove permanent magnet for facilitating daily mounting and dismounting.
In order to make the multimode sensor 1 better installed in the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21, an avoidance opening 25 for the multimode sensor to enter is arranged at the closed loop connection position of the first connecting part and the second connecting part of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21, one side surface of the avoidance opening 25 is provided with an opening magnet 24 fixed with the main part of the flexible base surface 11, and the opening magnet 24 is adsorbed and fixed with the fixing block 17 of the main part.
when the multimode sensor 1 is placed into the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21 through the opening, and is correspondingly adsorbed with the opening magnet 24 of the avoidance opening 25 through the fixing block 17, the trunk part of the flexible substrate 11 is attached to the side surface of the avoidance opening 25, and meanwhile, one end of the flexible substrate 11 connected with the control communication module 18 penetrates out of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21 through the avoidance opening 25, and the fixing block 17 on the flexible substrate is correspondingly adsorbed with the opening magnet 24 of the avoidance opening 25 to fix the end.
In order to better align and fix the bistable structure flexible fixing tube when the bistable structure flexible fixing tube is closed, two side surfaces of the opening of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21 are correspondingly provided with a pair of closed loop mounting units 26, each pair of closed loop mounting units comprises a closed loop mounting groove and a closed loop mounting block, the two closed loop mounting units are oppositely arranged on one side surface of the first connecting part and the second connecting part, and the bottom of each closed loop mounting groove is provided with a permanent magnet.
The depth of the closed loop mounting groove is equal to the sum of the permanent magnet and the height of the closed loop mounting block, and when the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21 is closed, the closed loop mounting blocks on the two connecting surfaces are correspondingly adsorbed with the permanent magnet of the closed loop mounting groove, so that the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21 is perfectly aligned and fixed.
in this embodiment, the fixing block 17, the mounting groove 22 and the mounting groove permanent magnet 23 are all cylindrical, and the depth of the mounting groove 22 is equal to the sum of the heights of the fixing block 17 and the mounting groove permanent magnet 23, so that the flexible base 11 is tightly attached when attached to the inner wall of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21.
In the present embodiment, the connection of the flexible base 11 and the bistable flexible fixing tube 21 and the connection of the bistable flexible fixing tube 21 by closed loop connection are all made by using a circular magnet for adsorption fixation, but it should not be considered that only this connection can be used.
As shown in fig. 10, in which (a) in fig. 10 is in the first stable state, and (b) in fig. 10 is in the second stable state, the bistable structure is composed of a plurality of support units 5 and deformation units 6 connected end to end, the support units 5 are in a V-shaped structure, wherein the first end connectors 52 and the second end connectors 53 on both sides of the V-shaped structure are connected through the deformation units 6, and the connection sections of the deformation units 6 are connected with the middle connectors 51 of the next support unit to form the bistable structure, and the deformation units 6 are deformed along the direction of the tensile force F when the deformation units 6 are gradually pulled apart from partial deformation to complete deformation, namely, the deformation of the flexible fixing tube 21 of the bistable structure is small due to the negative incremental stiffness characteristic, so that the multi-mode sensor 1 can be stably mounted on the plant stalks 3, and the resistance of the multi-mode sensor 1 to the plant stalk growth is reduced, namely, the plant stalk is thickened.
In fig. 10 (a), when the stem grows and thickens, radial pressure is generated on the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21, so that circumferential force is generated inside the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21, that is, the bistable structure of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21 is subjected to longitudinal stretching force, the deformation part of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube deforms, the bistable structure flexible fixing tube is transformed from the initial first stable state to the symmetrical second stable state, and the force application point is displaced to a certain extent.
Corresponding to (b) of fig. 10, the bistable structure of the bistable structure flexible-fixed tube 21 is changed from the closed state to the open state, whereby the entire structure can be greatly deformed in tension, and the bistable structure flexible-fixed tube 21 can exhibit superelastic characteristics due to the negative incremental stiffness characteristic during the bistable structure change, i.e., the shrinkage force is rapidly increased with the strain at low strain, and the shrinkage force is kept stable at high strain to accommodate stalks of different diameters and to reduce the influence on plant growth.
As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the bistable structure flexible fixing tube can make the stem flow measuring device better suitable for plant stems with different thicknesses by virtue of the super-elastic characteristic of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube designed by the bistable structure.
As shown in fig. 13 to 15, an assembly schematic diagram is provided in this embodiment, and the assembly process is as follows: during installation, the bistable flexible fixing tube 21 is firstly opened at an opening, then the multi-mode sensor 1 is correspondingly adsorbed with the mounting groove permanent magnet 23 in the mounting groove 22 on the inner wall of the bistable flexible fixing tube 21 through the fixing block 17, the heater 13, the first sensor 14 and the second sensor 15 are respectively fixed to the heating branch 112, the tail ends of the first temperature measuring branch 111 and the second temperature measuring branch 113, and the fixing block 17 at the beginning of the three branches is fixed with the first row of mounting grooves 22 near the avoidance opening 25, so that the back fixing block 17 at one end of the flexible substrate 11 provided with the flat cable 16 can be correspondingly adsorbed with the opening magnet 24 at the avoidance opening 25; in addition, when the heater 13 and the long straight section back fixing blocks 17 of the two sensors are arranged at the tail ends of the three branch sections and are adsorbed on the permanent magnets 23 of the mounting grooves 22, the long straight sections are tightly attached to the inner wall of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube, the long edges of the long straight sections are parallel to the top surface of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21, and the distance between the heater 13 and the two sensors can be ensured when the multi-mode sensor 1 is fixed on plant stalks. After the fixing blocks 17 on the back surfaces of the two ends of the flexible branch are fixed, adsorbing the fixing blocks 17 on the back surface of the serpentine arrangement 110 on the flexible substrate 11 and the permanent magnets 23 in the mounting groove 22, wherein care should be taken to ensure that the serpentine arrangement 110 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21; after the branches 111, 112 and 113 are attached to the inner wall of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21, the back fixing block 17 of the flexible substrate 11, which is provided with one end of the flat cable 16, is adsorbed and fixed at the end corresponding to the opening magnet 24 at the avoiding opening 25, then the whole multi-mode bistable structure stem flow measuring device is sleeved on a plant stem through the opening of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21, and finally the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21 is aligned and closed and fixed on the stem by using the closed loop mounting unit 26. And then, if the stalk measurement is required to be replaced, the opening of the bistable structure flexible fixing tube 21 is only required to be opened, and then the flexible fixing device 2 provided with the multi-mode sensor 1 is sleeved on the plant stalk to be measured and then is closed and fixed.
In addition, a detection mode is arranged according to the arrangement mode of the heating branch and the temperature measuring branch, and the detection mode comprises a heat pulse method, a heat balance method and a heat diffusion method.
As shown in fig. 16, in the arrangement mode of the heat pulse method provided in this embodiment, a first sensor, a heater and a second sensor are sequentially arranged along the stem flow direction, wherein the heater is disposed between the two sensors, the difference between the two sensors is measured after heating, the time required for the heat pulse to reach the downstream sensor is obtained, and the stem flow rate is calculated by combining the distance between the heater and the sensor.
As shown in fig. 17, in the arrangement of the thermal balancing method provided in this embodiment, a first sensor, a heater and a second sensor are sequentially arranged along the stem flow direction, wherein the heater is disposed between the two sensors and is closely attached to the second sensor (temperature field maximum), and provides a known amount of heat to the stem, which is equal to the amount of heat carried away by the liquid flow, and the stem flow rate is calculated according to the sensor temperature difference and the heat balance relationship.
As shown in fig. 18, in the arrangement manner of the thermal diffusion method provided in this embodiment, the first sensor and the second sensor are arranged along the stem flow direction, and the heater and the second sensor are disposed on the same cross-section circumference of the stem, and after heating, the two sensors are affected by the heat dissipation of the stem flow, and a temperature difference exists between the two sensors, and the stem flow rate is calculated according to the relationship between the two sensors and the stem flow rate.
In summary, the measuring branch position of the multimode sensor provided by the invention can be adjusted, and the multimode sensor can be adaptively attached to the surfaces of plant stalks with different types and diameters through the stretching deformation of the serpentine flexible substrate, and the optimal measuring precision can be obtained by optimizing the distance and the measuring mode when measuring specific types of plants.
and simultaneously, the measuring branch and the heating branch of the multi-mode sensor are fixed at specific positions in a site joint mode, so that the multi-mode sensor is stable in the measuring process.
The bistable structure flexible fixing tube adopts a bistable structure design, and has larger elasticity under low strain and smaller rebound force change under high strain due to the super-elasticity characteristic of the bistable structure, so that the sensor can be stably mounted on the plant stalk on one hand, and the obstruction of the sensor mounting on the growth of the plant stalk is reduced on the other hand, thereby realizing nondestructive detection of the stalk flow rate.
Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The relative steps, numerical expressions and numerical values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
it is understood that the foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather is to be accorded the full scope of all such modifications and equivalent structures, features and principles as set forth herein.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples: any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution of some of the technical features, while remaining within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The multi-mode bistable structure stem flow measuring device suitable for different plant stems is characterized by comprising a flexible fixing device for wrapping and fixing the plant stems, a multi-mode sensor for detecting stem flow and a detection system, wherein the detection system acquires the stem flow of the plant stems according to data acquired by the multi-mode sensor; the flexible fixing device comprises a bistable structure flexible fixing pipe sleeved on the plant stalk and a mounting unit arranged on the inner wall of the bistable structure flexible fixing pipe, wherein the bistable structure flexible fixing pipe comprises a first connecting part, a bistable structure part and a second connecting part which are connected in a closed loop mode in sequence, the bistable structure part comprises a plurality of supporting units which are connected end to end in sequence and a deformation unit used for connecting the adjacent supporting units, when the plant stalk is gradually enlarged, the connection shape between the deformation unit and the connected supporting units is changed into a prismatic shape from V-shaped, and an avoidance port used for the entry of the multimode sensor is formed in the closed loop connection part of the first connecting part and the second connecting part;
the multimode sensor comprises a flexible base on which a circuit is laid, and a sensor and a heater which are arranged on the flexible base and are in data communication with the detection system, and the flexible base is provided with an assembly unit which is matched with the installation unit for use.
2. A multi-mode bistable structure stem flow-measuring device for different plant stems according to claim 1, characterized in that said flexible base comprises a main part and a branch part, said main part summarizing the electrical circuit of all branch parts, said branch part comprising a heating branch with a heater at the protruding end and a temperature measuring branch with a sensor at the protruding end for locally heating the plant stems.
3. the multi-mode bistable structure stem flow measuring device of claim 2, wherein said branching portions are arranged in a serpentine pattern.
4. The multi-mode bistable structure stem flow measuring device of claim 2, wherein the detecting mode is set according to the arrangement of the heating branch and the temperature measuring branch, and the detecting mode includes:
a heat pulse method, wherein a first temperature measuring branch, a heating branch and a second temperature measuring branch are sequentially arranged at intervals along the stem flow direction of the plant stem;
A first temperature measuring branch and a second temperature measuring branch are sequentially arranged at intervals along the stem flow direction of the plant stem in a thermal balancing way, and heating branches which are closely attached to the second temperature measuring branch are arranged in the intervals;
the thermal diffusion method is characterized in that a first temperature measuring branch and a second temperature measuring branch are sequentially arranged at intervals along the stem flow direction of the plant stem, and the second temperature measuring branch is provided with a heating branch on the circumference of the cross section of the same plant stem.
5. A multi-mode bistable structure stem flow-measuring device for different plant stems according to claim 1, characterized in that said flexible base is provided with a plug for connecting to said detection system.
6. The stem flow measuring device of a multi-mode bistable structure suitable for different plant stems according to claim 1, wherein the mounting units adopt mounting grooves which are distributed on the inner wall of a flexible fixing tube of the bistable structure at equal intervals, and the assembling units adopt fixing blocks which are distributed on the surface of a flexible base and are assembled and fixed with the mounting grooves.
7. The multi-mode bistable structure stem flow measuring device for different plant stems according to claim 6, wherein permanent magnets are arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove and inside the fixing block.
8. A multi-mode bistable structure stem flow measuring device for different plant stems according to claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of said support units, a plurality of support units being arranged along the direction of the plant stem to form a support surface.
9. a multi-mode bistable structure stem flow-measuring device for different plant stems according to claim 1, wherein said detection system comprises:
the temperature control module is used for adjusting the heating temperature and the heating time of the heater;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring sensor data of the plant stem flow temperature change;
The data analysis module is used for outputting the stem flow of the plant stems according to the preset heating temperature and the returned sensor data;
and the communication module is used for sending preset heating temperature and heating time to the heater and receiving sensor data returned by the sensor.
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