CN117703930A - Intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing, which comprises a bearing main body, wherein a through hole for a shaft neck to pass through is formed in the bearing main body, an annular cavity filled with lubricating oil is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the through hole and the outer peripheral wall of the shaft neck, oil resistance rings for blocking the annular cavity are arranged at the two ends of the annular cavity along the axial direction of the annular cavity, a plurality of prefabricated grooves are formed in the inner peripheral wall of the through hole at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular cavity, a bearing bush matched with the structure of the prefabricated grooves is arranged in the prefabricated grooves in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the prefabricated grooves, the bearing bush is connected with a guide rod which moves synchronously with the bearing bush, a limit hole only for the guide rod to extend out is formed in the bottom wall of the prefabricated grooves, one side, far away from the annular space, of each prefabricated groove is provided with an energy consumption part, and stiffness components for providing positive stiffness and negative stiffness for the bearing bush are respectively arranged on the energy consumption parts, and are connected with the parts of the guide rod extending out of the limit hole along the axial direction, and realize cooperative control of shaft system vibration inhibition and transmission isolation through high static stiffness and low dynamic stiffness in the vibration direction.

Description

Intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of bearings, in particular to an intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing.

Background

The elimination of mechanical vibrations has an important impact on the performance of the mechanical device, which requires various means to isolate the transmission of vibrations and eliminate them. Common vibration damping methods are active control methods and passive device vibration damping methods. Active control means that vibrations are counteracted or reduced by a series of control algorithms and means. Passive device damping means that by modifying the structure, vibration energy is dissipated in the transfer path to reduce the effect of vibration on the device. Tilting pad sliding bearings are one of the most common parts in industry, and the damping performance of the tilting pad sliding bearings affects the precision and reliability of the device, and particularly with the development of modern industry in recent years, the requirements on the capability of the bearings to adapt to rotating speeds and severe environments are higher and higher.

The tilting pad sliding bearing is a hydrodynamic sliding bearing and is generally composed of a plurality of independent arc tilting pads which are freely tilted on a fulcrum. When the tilting pad bearing works, the pad can swing freely along with the change of factors such as load, rotating speed, temperature and the like, so that hydrodynamic pressure is generated on a lubricating oil film, a plurality of oil wedges are formed between the tilting pad surface and the journal surface, the two surfaces are completely separated from contact, friction and damage are reduced, the service life of the bearing is prolonged, and the pressure of each oil film always points to the center, so that the tilting pad bearing has higher stability.

The performance of the existing tilting pad sliding bearing can well meet the requirements of most application scenes, but in some special application equipment, the tilting pad sliding bearing is required to have higher service performance, for example, an underwater vehicle needs extremely high sound recession, and the low-frequency vibration reduction performance of the bearing is required to be very high. In a helicopter tail transmission system, the trans-critical rotation speed of a shaft system is unstable under the limit working condition, so that the service safety problem is caused, high requirements are put forward on vibration suppression and transmission isolation of a bearing, and meanwhile, real-time state monitoring and early warning are also carried out on the vibration of the bearing and the shaft system, so that the problem is prevented. Aiming at the special application situations, the existing tilting pad sliding bearing can not meet the use requirements well.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing, which solves the problems in the prior art, realizes cooperative control of shafting vibration inhibition and transmission isolation through high static rigidity and low dynamic rigidity in the vibration direction, realizes the self-adaptive regulation and control of effective damping, rigidity and bearing temperature of a system through a method of constructing a self-adaptive regulation and control device, and can simultaneously realize real-time monitoring of multidimensional service state information of the bearing.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the invention provides an intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing, which comprises a bearing main body, wherein a through hole for a shaft neck to pass through is formed in the bearing main body, an annular cavity filled with lubricating oil is formed between the inner peripheral wall of the through hole and the outer peripheral wall of the shaft neck, oil resistance rings for blocking the annular cavity are arranged at two ends of the annular cavity along the axial direction of the annular cavity, a plurality of prefabricated grooves are formed in the inner peripheral wall of the through hole at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular cavity, bearing bushes matched with the prefabricated grooves in structure are arranged in the prefabricated grooves in a sealing sliding manner along the axial direction of the prefabricated grooves, the bearing bushes are connected with guide rods capable of synchronously moving with the bearing bushes, limit holes only for the guide rods to extend out are formed in the bottom wall of each prefabricated groove, energy consumption parts are arranged on one side, away from the annular space, of each prefabricated groove, and stiffness components for respectively providing positive stiffness and negative stiffness for the bearing bushes are arranged along the axial direction of the guide rods at intervals and are connected with parts of the guide rods extending out of the limit holes.

Preferably, the energy consumption part comprises a cylindrical shell, a cylinder opening into which the guide rod extends is formed in one end of the cylindrical shell, the rigidity component for providing negative rigidity is fixed at the cylinder opening, a damping disc is arranged at the end part of the guide rod extending out of the limiting hole, and the rigidity component for providing positive rigidity is abutted between the inner wall of the cylinder bottom and the damping disc.

Preferably, the rigidity component for providing negative rigidity is a cosine-type shallow groove disc structure, the cosine-type shallow groove disc structure comprises a disc body which is positioned in the middle of the cosine-type shallow groove disc structure and in force transmission contact with the guide rod, and the cosine Liang Huanrao of the cosine-type shallow groove disc structure is arranged on the outer periphery side of the disc body.

Preferably, the diameter of the cosine shallow groove disc structure is Rd, and the radius of the cylinder is Rn, rn/Rd is approximately equal to 0.22.

Preferably, an opening for the guide rod to pass through is formed in the axis of the disc body, the guide rod is fixedly connected with a negative rigidity adjusting knob which can change the contact area with the disc body, and the negative rigidity adjusting knob is positioned on one side of the disc body, which is close to the bearing bush, and is propped against the outer side wall of the disc body.

Preferably, the negative stiffness adjusting knob is a threaded adjusting knob, the threaded adjusting knob is of a multi-layer structure, the inner side of the threaded adjusting knob is fixed with the guide rod, the end part, far away from the bearing bush, of the threaded adjusting knob is propped against the outer side wall of the disc body, and a threaded structure capable of axially moving along the guide rod layer by layer is arranged between two adjacent layers.

Preferably, a containing cavity filled with damping liquid is arranged between the damping disc and the barrel bottom, a damping cavity fixed with the guide rod is arranged on one side, away from the barrel bottom, of the damping disc, the damping cavity is in contact with and coincides with the damping disc, and a plurality of damping holes which are correspondingly communicated and are used for the damping liquid to flow through are formed in the damping cavity.

Preferably, the damping cavity is of an annular structure, and a rotating bearing in rotating connection with the guide rod is arranged at the inner hole of the damping cavity.

Preferably, a temperature sensor and a semiconductor energy harvesting mechanism are arranged on one side, away from the shaft neck, of the bearing bush, a self-powered component capable of capturing heat and converting electric energy is arranged on the semiconductor energy harvesting mechanism, the temperature sensor is in feedback electric connection with the self-powered component, a semiconductor structure for refrigerating the bearing bush and radiating lubricating oil according to feedback information is further arranged on the semiconductor energy harvesting mechanism, and the semiconductor structure is electrically connected with the self-powered component.

Preferably, a separation disc is fixedly connected in the cylindrical shell, an opening for the guide rod to pass through is formed in the separation disc, an electromagnetic energy harvesting self-power mechanism is arranged at the opening of the separation disc, an electromagnetic energy harvesting coil for the guide rod to pass through is arranged on the electromagnetic energy harvesting self-power mechanism, and the electromagnetic energy harvesting coil is electrically connected with a displacement sensor for monitoring the vibration state of the guide rod.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

first, as the journal rotates to produce vibrations, vibration energy is dissipated through the lubricating oil in the annular cavity. In general, the shafting has high static rigidity, so that the larger bearing capacity of the bearing is ensured. If and only if the shafting reaches the cross frequency resonance, the bearing bush stress is increased, so that the liquid film force of the lubricating oil exceeds the pre-load force of the rigidity component providing positive rigidity, the bearing bush moves along the axial direction of the pre-groove, an additional liquid film area is introduced, the equivalent thickness of an oil film is increased, negative rigidity change is caused, the supporting rigidity of the shafting is reduced, the rigidity is related to the natural frequency, and therefore the natural frequency of the shafting is reduced at the moment, and resonance is avoided. Namely, the bearing has lower dynamic stiffness, and better vibration isolation performance is obtained. Meanwhile, the motion of the bearing bush is transmitted into the energy consumption part through the guide rod, so that the rigidity component providing positive rigidity and negative rigidity in the energy consumption part is adaptively changed and regulated, and the high static rigidity and the low dynamic rigidity of the system are realized. The high static rigidity ensures the larger carrying capacity of the bearing; under the condition of keeping bearing, when the shaft system passes through the natural frequency, the system is self-adaptively adjusted to low rigidity, energy is dissipated, and resonance is avoided. The vibration suppression and transmission isolation of the shafting are realized through the high static stiffness and low dynamic stiffness characteristics of the bearing, so that the bearing main body has the advantages of strong bearing capacity, wide application range, excellent vibration damping performance and the like.

And the cosine beam of the cosine shallow groove disc structure surrounds the periphery side of the disc body, so that the cosine shallow groove disc structure has good linearity in the vertical direction. The guarantee of the negative rigidity structure characteristic needs to be compressed in the disc axis direction, so that the guide rod is arranged, and the normal service performance of the negative rigidity structure is guaranteed.

And thirdly, an opening for a guide rod to pass through is formed in the axis of the disc body, a negative rigidity adjusting knob which can change the contact area with the disc body is fixedly connected with the guide rod, the negative rigidity adjusting knob is positioned on one side of the disc body, which is close to the bearing bush, and is propped against the outer side wall of the disc body, and the contact area between the negative rigidity adjusting knob and the disc body, namely the cosine shallow groove disc structure, is changed through the negative rigidity adjusting knob on the guide rod, so that the negative rigidity characteristic is changed, and the bearing with different working conditions can be quickly adapted.

Fourth, have the chamber that holds that is full of damping liquid between damping dish and the section of thick bamboo end, one side that the damping dish kept away from the section of thick bamboo end is equipped with the damping cavity that is fixed mutually with the guide bar, damping cavity and damping dish contact and coincidence, and all offered a plurality of corresponding intercommunication and supply damping liquid to flow the damping hole that passes, damping liquid provides nonlinear damping force for the bearing main part, the accessible damping hole is flowing between holding chamber and damping cavity, in order to change the size of the nonlinear damping force of bearing main part, form squeeze film damper structure, can realize shock resistance's function, the bearing bush has been guaranteed that the axle bush can be returned steady rapidly.

Fifth, the guide rod is provided with a deep-cut elliptic flexible spherical hinge structure, and rigidity of the guide rod in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction is reduced by digging grooves in the circumferential direction, so that transmission of vibration in other directions except the axial direction is reduced.

Sixth, integrate with temperature, displacement sensor and energy harvesting device for its energy supply on the structure, under the circumstances of realizing the self-adaptation energy supply, make the bearing have the ability of self-adaptation temperature regulation and control and monitoring the multidimensional service state information of bearing.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a bearing body according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the bearing body of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the interior of the energy dissipating portion of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the energy dissipation part of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a bearing shell of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a bearing housing according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the oil-retarding ring of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a force-displacement curve of a cosine structure;

FIG. 9 is a finite element model of a cosine shallow trench disk structure of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a graph showing force-displacement and total elastic potential energy curves of a cosine-type shallow groove disc structure under different Rn conditions when rd=5 mm of the cosine-type shallow groove disc structure of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a damping structure model of the impact resistant nonlinear damper of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between squeeze film damping, shear damping, total damping and damping fluid bottom thickness h in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a graph showing shear damping curves for different damping holes according to the present invention;

the device comprises a 1-guide rod, a 2-threaded adjusting knob, a 3-cosine shallow groove disc structure, a 4-cylindrical shell, a 5-electromagnetic energy harvesting self-power mechanism, a 6-displacement sensor, a 7-damping cavity, an 8-damping disc, a 9-linear positive stiffness spring, a 10-journal, an 11-bearing fixing part, a 12-bearing bush, a 13-semiconductor energy harvesting mechanism, a 14-temperature sensor, a 15-oil inlet, a 16-bearing seat, a 17-oil-blocking ring, an 18-energy consumption part, a 19-flexible hinge, a 20-separation disc, a 21-damping hole, a 22-threaded mounting hole and 23-damping liquid.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The invention aims to provide an intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing, which solves the problems in the prior art, realizes cooperative control of shafting vibration inhibition and transmission isolation through high static rigidity and low dynamic rigidity in the vibration direction, realizes the self-adaptive regulation and control of effective damping, rigidity and bearing temperature of a system through a method of constructing a self-adaptive regulation and control device, and can simultaneously realize real-time monitoring of multidimensional service state information of the bearing.

In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1 to 13, this embodiment provides an intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing, including a bearing main body, the bearing main body is provided with a through hole for the journal 10 to pass through, form the annular cavity that is full of lubricating oil between the inner peripheral wall of through hole and the outer peripheral wall of journal 10, the annular cavity is equipped with the oil blocking ring 17 to its shutoff along its ascending both ends of axial, and seal through the oil blocking ring 17 of both sides, prevent seepage, preferably through threaded connection between oil blocking ring 17 and the bearing main body, lubricating oil forms the oil film that is used for damping journal 10 vibration in the annular cavity, the inner peripheral wall of through hole is equipped with a plurality of preformed grooves along its circumference equidistant interval, the interior sealed slip of preformed groove is equipped with the axle bush 12 rather than structure looks adaptation along its axial, axle in preformed groove is connected with the guide bar 1 rather than synchronous motion, wherein the axis in preformed groove radially extends along the annular cavity, guide bar 1 and preformed groove coaxial setting, guide bar 1 has adopted flexible hinge 19 structure, thereby the rigidity of perpendicular to the axial direction of guide bar direction has been reduced vibration and has transmitted in non-axial direction. The bottom wall of each prefabricated groove is provided with a limiting hole which is only used for the guide rod 1 to extend out, one side of each prefabricated groove, which is far away from the annular space, is provided with an energy consumption part 18, the energy consumption part 18 is provided with a rigidity component which is used for providing positive rigidity and negative rigidity for the bearing bush 12 respectively, high static rigidity and low dynamic rigidity in the vibration direction can be realized, and the two rigidity components are axially arranged at intervals along the guide rod 1 and are connected with the part of the guide rod 1, which extends out of the limiting hole. Wherein the stiffness component providing positive stiffness has a certain amount of pre-compression, a pre-load force is applied to the bearing shell 12 by the guide rod 1. The bearing bush 12 is flush with the notch of the prefabricated groove in the preferred initial state, and forms the same circumferential wall with the inner wall of the through hole so as to uniformly receive the extrusion force of the lubricating oil. The bearing bushes 12 and the energy dissipation parts 18 are arranged in the bearing main body, preferably four bearing bushes 12 are arranged and distributed uniformly circumferentially, and decoupling of degrees of freedom in the two other orthogonal directions is realized in an inverted pendulum support mode.

When the journal 10 rotates to generate vibrations, the vibration energy is dissipated through the lubricating oil in the annular cavity. If and only if the liquid film force of the lubricating oil exceeds the preload force of the stiffness assembly providing positive stiffness, the journal 10 vibrates to squeeze the lubricating oil and cause the area of the lubricating oil inside the annular cavity to change, causing the bearing shell 12 to move axially along the pre-groove, thereby introducing an additional liquid film region, changing the effective damping and stiffness of the bearing body. Meanwhile, the motion of the bearing bush 12 is transmitted into the energy consumption part 18 through the guide rod 1, so that the self-adaptive change and regulation of the rigidity component providing positive rigidity and negative rigidity in the energy consumption part 18 are caused, the high static low dynamic rigidity and the suppression of shafting vibration of the system are realized, and the bearing main body has the advantages of strong bearing capacity, wide application range, excellent vibration damping performance and the like. Further, the bearing capacity of the bearing can be ensured, and meanwhile, the critical rotation speed of the shafting can be reduced, so that the supercritical stable operation of the shafting is realized.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bearing body includes a bearing housing 16 and bearing fixing portions 11, the bearing housing 16 has a ring structure, slots for installing the energy dissipation portions 18 are equally spaced on an inner peripheral wall of an inner hole of the bearing housing 16, the bearing fixing portions 11 are fitted in the inner hole of the bearing housing 16 and seal the respective slots, and the bearing fixing portions 11 are removed from the bearing housing 16 when the energy dissipation portions 18 are required to be installed or removed, so that the operations of those skilled in the art are facilitated. The bearing fixing portion 11 is provided with a through hole through which the journal 10 passes. The bearing fixing part 11 and the bearing seat 16 are provided with an oil inlet 15, and lubricating oil is filled into the annular cavity through the oil inlet 15, so that the lubricating oil is infiltrated between the bearing fixing part 11 and the shaft neck 10 to form an oil film structure, and the oil inlet 15 is sealed after the lubricating oil is filled. The bearing housing 16 is preferably provided with a screw mounting hole 22 corresponding to the oil-resistant ring 17, and a seal ring or the like is pressed between the oil-resistant ring 17 and the bearing housing 16.

Further, the power consumption portion 18 includes tubular housing 4, and the nozzle that supplies guide bar 1 to stretch into is offered to tubular housing 4's one end, and the rigidity subassembly that provides negative rigidity is fixed in nozzle department, and guide bar 1 stretches out the tip in spacing hole and is equipped with damping dish 8, and the rigidity subassembly butt that provides positive rigidity is between barrel head inner wall and damping dish 8, through setting up damping dish 8 in order to increase guide bar 1's holding surface, conveniently provides the rigidity subassembly of positive rigidity and supports damping dish 8, and then conveniently exerts the preload force for axle bush 12 through guide bar 1.

The rigidity component for providing the negative rigidity is a negative rigidity curve disc, preferably the negative rigidity curve disc adopts a cosine-type shallow groove disc structure 3, the peripheral edge of the concrete cosine-type shallow groove disc structure 3 is connected to the inner peripheral edge of the cylindrical shell 4, the cosine-type shallow groove disc structure 3 comprises a disc body which is positioned in the middle position and is in force transmission contact with the guide rod 1, and a cosine beam of the cosine-type shallow groove disc structure 3 surrounds the outer peripheral side of the disc body, so that the cosine-type shallow groove disc structure has good negative rigidity characteristics in the vertical direction. Preferably, in order to avoid that the cosine-type shallow groove disc structure 3 affects the deformation mode when being subjected to non-vertical load, a flat thin-walled disc structure is adopted.

The stiffness component for providing positive stiffness preferably adopts a plurality of linear positive stiffness springs 9 to be uniformly supported between the damping disc 8 and the cylinder bottom, positive stiffness is provided for the bearing through the plurality of linear positive stiffness springs 9, negative stiffness is provided for the bearing through the negative stiffness curve disc, it is noted that the lower bearing supporting stiffness can reduce the critical rotation speed of the shafting, the shafting is beneficial to realizing the stable operation of the supercritical rotation speed, but the too low stiffness can lead to the problems of unstable support and incapability of centering. The nonlinear characteristics of high static rigidity and low dynamic rigidity of the bearing can solve the problems of large bearing capacity and supercritical stable operation of a shaft system, have better vibration isolation performance, can reduce vibration and vibration transmission of the bearing, and can be realized by a method of connecting positive rigidity and negative rigidity in parallel.

The typical force-displacement curve is shown in fig. 8, and it is noted that the contact area of the vertical pressure with the cosine beam structure and the pressure magnitude affect the negative stiffness characteristic, and therefore the radius of the cosine disc top disc body affects the negative stiffness characteristic. Based on the multi-physical field simulation software COMSOLMu lt iphys ics, finite element analysis is performed on the cosine disc structure, the diameter Rd of the cosine disc is set to be 5mm, the radius of the disc body at the top of the cosine disc is set to be Rn, and the results are shown in fig. 9 and 10. The result shows that as Rn becomes larger, the range of the negative stiffness is gradually reduced, but the negative stiffness value is gradually increased, the linearity of the negative stiffness is also gradually improved, when Rn=1.1 mm, the linearity of the negative stiffness is higher, and the force-displacement curve is changed from an upward convex shape to a downward concave shape, so that the absolute value of the negative stiffness is changed from large to small, and the negative stiffness value of a small range is not existed in the near zero stiffness region after the positive stiffness of a parallel fixed value is comprehensively changed, so that the structural stability is ensured. Analysis results show that Rn has a larger influence on the rigidity characteristic of the cosine disc, and for discs with specific radius Rd, the optimal Rn exists so that the negative rigidity characteristic is the best. In this embodiment, when rd=5 mm and Rn/rd≡0.22, the negative stiffness value of the cosine disc structure is larger, the linearity is higher, and the range of the linearity is larger.

Further, an opening for the guide rod 1 to pass through is formed in the axis of the disc body, the guide rod 1 is fixedly connected with a negative rigidity adjusting knob which can change the contact area with the disc body, the negative rigidity adjusting knob is positioned on one side of the disc body, which is close to the bearing bush 12, and is propped against the outer side wall of the disc body, and the contact area between the negative rigidity adjusting knob and the disc body, namely the cosine shallow groove disc structure 3, is changed through the negative rigidity adjusting knob on the guide rod 1, so that the size of the negative rigidity is changed.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the negative rigidity adjusting knob is a threaded adjusting knob 2, the threaded adjusting knob 2 is of a multi-layer structure, the inner side of the threaded adjusting knob is fixed with the guide rod 1, the end part of the threaded adjusting knob, which is far away from the bearing bush 12, is abutted against the outer side wall of the disc body, and a threaded structure capable of realizing the axial movement of the guide rod 1 layer by layer is arranged between two adjacent layers. The radius of the guide bar 1 at the contact part with the cosine-shaped shallow groove disc structure 3 is changed by the screw adjusting knob 2. The threaded adjusting knob 2 is moved layer by threads. In the initial state, all layering bottom surfaces of the threaded adjusting knob 2 are contacted with the cosine-type shallow groove disc structure 3, the contact area is the largest at the moment, the number of layers of the knob structure contacted with the cosine-type shallow groove disc structure 3 can be adjusted by rotating the threaded adjusting knob 2, and the knob structure can be moved layer by layer to change the size of the contact area, so that the function of adjusting the negative rigidity of the bearing is achieved.

Wherein, have the holding chamber that is full of damping liquid 23 between damping dish 8 and the barrel head, damping dish 8 is kept away from the side of barrel head and is equipped with the damping cavity 7 that is fixed mutually with guide bar 1, and the combination of two forms the nonlinear damper that shocks resistance. The damping cavity 7 is contacted with and overlapped with the damping disc 8, and is provided with a plurality of corresponding damping holes 21 which are communicated and through which damping liquid 23 flows, the damping disc 8 and the damping cavity 7 are equal in number and identical in structure, the damping liquid 23 provides nonlinear damping force for the bearing main body, the damping hole 21 can flow between the accommodating cavity and the damping cavity 7 to change the magnitude of the nonlinear damping force of the bearing main body, the bearing bush 12 is ensured to be quickly stabilized, the damping structure of the impact-resistant nonlinear damper is quantitatively analyzed, and the structural model is shown in fig. 11.

Wherein, when d1≡d2=d, the approximate analysis of the relation between damping and each structural parameter is as follows:

wherein, D1: the upper damping fluid is positioned in the cylinder body; d2: the inner diameter of a cylinder body where the lower damping fluid is located; d: damping hole diameter; h: damping fluid bottom thickness; l: damping hole length; n: the number of damping holes; η: hydrodynamic viscosity coefficient.

The relation between the squeeze film damping, the shear damping, the total damping and the thickness h of the bottom of the damping fluid 23 is shown in fig. 12, and the shear damping curves of different damping hole 21 sizes are shown in fig. 13. Wherein, the shearing damping is irrelevant to the thickness h, and is determined by the number of the damping holes 21 and other structural parameters, when the thickness h is extremely small, the extrusion film damping has larger value, and after exceeding a certain limit, the extrusion film damping is rapidly reduced until the extrusion film damping tends to zero along with the gradual increase of the thickness h. The total damping is the sum of the shear damping and the extrusion die damping, and the curve rule change is consistent with the extrusion die damping curve rule. When the number of the damping holes 21 is small, the shear damping is rapidly reduced as the number of the damping holes 21 is increased, and the reduction trend of the shear damping is gradually gentle as the number of the damping holes 21 is further increased.

Further, the damping cavity 7 is in a ring structure, and a rotating bearing which is rotationally connected with the guide rod 1 is arranged at the inner hole of the damping cavity. The size of the communication area of the damping holes 21 between the damping cavity 7 and the damping disk 8 can be controlled by rotating the damping cavity 7, so that the flow rate of the damping liquid 23 can be controlled. The damping cavity 7 can be fixedly connected with the guide rod 1 and sealed, and the damping disc 8 is rotatably connected to the guide rod 1, and particularly, a rotary bearing mode is adopted in the same way, so that the damping disc 8 rotates on the guide rod 1 at a fixed position.

Moreover, a temperature sensor 14 and a semiconductor energy harvesting mechanism 13 are arranged on one side, far away from the shaft neck 10, of the bearing bush 12, a self-powered component capable of capturing heat and converting electric energy is arranged on the semiconductor energy harvesting mechanism 13, the temperature sensor 14 is in feedback electric connection with the self-powered component, a semiconductor structure for refrigerating the bearing bush 12 and lubricating oil according to feedback information is further arranged on the semiconductor energy harvesting mechanism 13, the semiconductor structure is made of a semiconductor material capable of refrigerating, and the semiconductor structure is electrically connected with the self-powered component. When the temperature of the bearing main body changes, the self-powered component of the semiconductor energy harvesting mechanism 13 captures heat energy and supplies power to the self-powered component and the temperature sensor 14, and the temperature change condition of the bearing is monitored. The damping effect of an oil film formed by the lubricating oil of the bearing main body generates a large amount of heat energy, the viscosity of the oil film can be reduced due to overhigh temperature, the supporting effect is reduced, and the lubricating efficiency is influenced.

The whole device can obtain multidimensional service state information such as viscosity, dynamic liquid film force, dynamic film thickness, vortex track, equivalent stiffness damping coefficient and the like through integrated various sensors and by combining a high-precision transfer function model, a fluid dynamic model and a multidimensional information fusion method, so that real-time monitoring of the multidimensional service state information of the bearing is realized.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, a separation disc 20 is fixedly connected in the cylindrical shell 4, an opening for the guide rod 1 to pass through is formed in the separation disc 20, an electromagnetic energy harvesting self-power mechanism 5 is arranged at the opening of the separation disc 20, an electromagnetic energy harvesting coil for the guide rod 1 to pass through is arranged on the electromagnetic energy harvesting self-power mechanism 5, and a displacement sensor 6 for monitoring the vibration state of the guide rod 1 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic energy harvesting coil. The electromagnetic energy harvesting coil can capture vibration energy when the guide rod 1 moves and supply energy to the electromagnetic energy harvesting coil and the displacement sensor 6, and the displacement sensor 6 can measure vibration of the damping cavity 7 so as to monitor movement of the bearing bush 12 and further monitor vibration of the bearing main body. The preferred separation plate 20 and the damping cavity 7 are arranged at intervals, and the electromagnetic energy harvesting self-power supply mechanism 5 and the displacement sensor 6 are arranged at intervals on one side of the separation plate 20 close to the damping cavity 7. Through reasonable integration of the temperature sensor 14 and the displacement sensor 6, a high-precision transfer function model, a fluid dynamics model and a multidimensional information fusion method are combined to obtain multidimensional service state information such as viscosity, dynamic liquid film force, dynamic film thickness, whirl track, equivalent stiffness damping coefficient and the like. The specific implementation method comprises the following steps: the temperature sensors are distributed outside the bearing bush to obtain accurate fluid temperature, and the viscosity information of the fluid is obtained according to a temperature-viscosity nonlinear curve. The vibration frequency and amplitude of the movable bearing bush are obtained through an eddy current displacement sensor, dynamic oil film force is obtained through an oil film force-bearing bush displacement transfer function, vibration displacement of the journal and oil film thickness information are obtained through the journal-bearing bush displacement transfer function, and the whirl track, the eccentricity and the minimum film thickness of the journal in the bearing can be obtained based on the vibration displacement and the oil film thickness information. Based on the established rigidity damping equivalent model and the acquired information, the bearing support rigidity and damping parameters can be obtained.

During the whole bearing main body operation process, when the journal 10 rotates and vibrates, shafting vibration energy realizes energy interaction through an oil film formed by extruding lubricating oil liquid, and energy is dissipated to realize vibration suppression. Because the thicker oil film has good vibration inhibiting effect, but has low bearing and lubricating efficiency, the thinner oil film can bear large bearing, but has the problems of poor vibration inhibiting effect and temperature rise. When the shaft vibrates severely, the journal 10 extrudes the oil film to enable the vibration force of the oil film to be larger than the pretightening force exerted by the linear positive stiffness spring 9, the bearing bush 12 moves along the prefabricated groove, the area of the journal 10 extruding the oil film is automatically increased, an additional fluid film area is created, additional liquid film force is introduced, effective damping and stiffness of the bearing main body are changed, the amplitude of the journal 10 is increased, vibration energy dissipation is further increased, meanwhile, due to the high static low dynamic nonlinear stiffness supporting structure, the bearing bush 12 pushes the guide rod 1 to apply vertical force to the negative stiffness curve disc, the negative stiffness of the bearing main body is changed, and further, the guide rod 1 pushes the damping disc 8 to move to compress the linear positive stiffness spring 9, and the positive stiffness of the bearing main body is changed. The supporting rigidity of the bearing main body enters a near-zero area, and the dynamic rigidity of the bearing bush 12 supporting structure is near zero, so that the vibration of the journal 10 transmitted to the base is greatly attenuated, and the cooperative control of shafting vibration suppression and transmission isolation is realized. The invention can set the rigidity, damping and preload of the bearing according to the application condition of the bearing, and expands the application range of the bearing. The invention can realize the high static and low dynamic stiffness in the vibration direction, the effective damping and stiffness of an autonomous regulating system, the temperature self-adaptive regulation and control, the real-time monitoring of the multidimensional service state information of the bearing, the cooperative control of the shafting vibration suppression and the transmission isolation, and has the advantages of high reliability, wide application range, excellent vibration damping performance and the like.

The adaptation to the actual need is within the scope of the invention.

It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an intelligence tilting pad slide bearing, its characterized in that, includes the bearing main part, set up the through-hole that supplies the axle journal to pass on the bearing main part, the inner peripheral wall of through-hole with form the annular cavity that is full of lubricating oil between the outer peripheral wall of axle journal, the annular cavity all is equipped with the oil resistance ring to its shutoff along its ascending both ends, the inner peripheral wall of through-hole is equipped with a plurality of prefabricated grooves along its circumference equidistant, the bearing bush of its structure looks adaptation is equipped with along its axial seal slip in the prefabricated inslot, the bearing bush is connected with rather than synchronous movement's guide bar, set up only for the spacing hole that the guide bar stretches out on the diapire of prefabricated groove, each the prefabricated groove is kept away from one side of annular interval all is equipped with power consumption portion, be equipped with respectively on the power consumption portion right the bearing bush provides positive rigidity and negative rigidity assembly, two rigidity assembly are followed guide bar axial interval sets up, and all with the guide bar stretches out the part of spacing hole is connected.

2. The intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing according to claim 1, wherein the energy consumption part comprises a cylindrical shell, a nozzle into which the guide rod extends is formed at one end of the cylindrical shell, the rigidity component for providing negative rigidity is fixed at the nozzle, a damping disc is arranged at the end part of the guide rod extending out of the limiting hole, and the rigidity component for providing positive rigidity is abutted between the inner wall of the cylinder bottom and the damping disc.

3. The intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing according to claim 2 wherein the stiffness component providing negative stiffness is a cosine-type shallow-groove disc structure comprising a disc body in a central position thereof in force-transmitting contact with the guide bar, the cosine Liang Huanrao of the cosine-type shallow-groove disc structure being on the outer peripheral side of the disc body.

4. The intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an opening for the guide rod to pass through is formed in the shaft center of the disc body, the guide rod is fixedly connected with a negative stiffness adjusting knob capable of changing the contact area with the disc body, and the negative stiffness adjusting knob is positioned on one side of the disc body, which is close to the bearing bush, and is pressed against the outer side wall of the disc body.

5. The intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing according to claim 4, wherein the negative stiffness adjusting knob is a threaded adjusting knob, the threaded adjusting knob is of a multi-layer structure, the inner side of the threaded adjusting knob is fixed with the guide rod, the end part of the threaded adjusting knob, which is far away from the bearing bush, is pressed against the outer side wall of the disc body, and a threaded structure capable of realizing layer-by-layer axial movement along the guide rod is arranged between two adjacent layers.

6. The intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing according to claim 5, wherein a containing cavity filled with damping liquid is arranged between the damping disc and the cylinder bottom, a damping cavity fixed with the guide rod is arranged on one side of the damping disc away from the cylinder bottom, the damping cavity is contacted with and overlapped with the damping disc, and a plurality of damping holes which are correspondingly communicated and are used for the damping liquid to flow through are formed in the damping cavity.

7. The intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing according to claim 6, wherein the damping cavity is of an annular structure, and a rotating bearing in rotational connection with the guide rod is arranged at an inner hole of the damping cavity.

8. The intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing according to claim 7, wherein a temperature sensor and a semiconductor energy harvesting mechanism are arranged on one side of the bearing pad, which is far away from the shaft neck, the semiconductor energy harvesting mechanism is provided with a self-powered component capable of capturing heat and converting electric energy, the temperature sensor is in feedback electric connection with the self-powered component, the semiconductor energy harvesting mechanism is further provided with a semiconductor structure for refrigerating the bearing pad and the lubricating oil according to feedback information, and the semiconductor structure is electrically connected with the self-powered component.

9. The intelligent tilting pad sliding bearing according to claim 8, wherein a separation disc is fixedly connected in the cylindrical shell, an opening for the guide rod to pass through is formed in the separation disc, an electromagnetic energy harvesting self-power mechanism is arranged at the opening of the separation disc, an electromagnetic energy harvesting coil for the guide rod to pass through is arranged on the electromagnetic energy harvesting self-power mechanism, and a displacement sensor for monitoring the vibration state of the guide rod is electrically connected to the electromagnetic energy harvesting coil.