CN117639546A - Hybrid generator, power generation method and monitoring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid generator, a power generation method and a monitoring method, comprising the following steps: the piezoelectric power generation device comprises a first friction unit, a second friction unit and a piezoelectric power generation assembly, wherein the second friction unit and the piezoelectric power generation assembly are sequentially arranged on the first friction unit; the first rubbing unit includes a first semiconductor rubbing layer; under the action of shearing force parallel to the surface of the first friction unit, the whole formed by the second friction unit and the piezoelectric power generation assembly slides relatively with the first semiconductor friction layer, and an electric signal is output. Therefore, the device can respond to transverse movement and also can respond to the application and release of pressure in the vertical direction, and the two devices cannot interfere with each other, so that the normal operation of the hybrid generator is ensured, and the application scene of the hybrid generator is expanded. And under the action of the electric energy output by the friction volt nano generator and the piezoelectric power generation assembly, the intensity of a single pulse signal output by the hybrid generator can be improved.

Description

Hybrid generator, power generation method and monitoring method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a hybrid generator, a power generation method and a monitoring method.

Background

The friction nano generator proposed in 2012 utilizes the friction electrification principle to collect mechanical energy from interfaces of various friction motions, and is an effective scheme for solving the energy problem. However, the signal directly output by the friction nano generator is high-voltage low-current alternating current, and the signal can be put into use only by rectification and transformation; secondly, the materials used in the commonly used friction nano generator are mainly high polymers, and are not suitable for manufacturing and processing of small electronic equipment. In recent years, by continuously searching for friction materials, semiconductor materials are possible materials for friction nano-generators. By using a semiconductor material as a friction layer, direct current signals are generated between the two semiconductors through close contact and mutual sliding between the semiconductors, and the two semiconductors are connected through an external circuit, so that electric energy can be externally output, and the phenomenon is also called a friction volt effect. However, the friction volt nano-generator needs close contact between two semiconductors, and cannot respond to the application and release of motion and force in the vertical direction, so that the application field of the friction nano-generator is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a hybrid generator, a power generation method and a monitoring method, which are used for expanding the application scene of the hybrid generator.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hybrid generator, including: the piezoelectric power generation device comprises a first friction unit, a second friction unit and a piezoelectric power generation assembly, wherein the second friction unit and the piezoelectric power generation assembly are sequentially arranged on the first friction unit; the first rubbing unit includes a first semiconductor rubbing layer;

under the action of shearing force parallel to the surface of the first friction unit, the whole formed by the second friction unit and the piezoelectric power generation assembly and the first semiconductor friction layer slide relatively to output an electric signal.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power generation method using the hybrid generator as described in the first aspect, including:

and applying a shearing force parallel to the surface of the first friction unit to at least one of the first friction unit and the whole formed by the second friction unit and the piezoelectric power generation assembly, so that the whole and the first semiconductor friction layer in the first friction unit slide relatively, and outputting an electric signal.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for monitoring output electric energy of a friction power generation assembly, including:

determining that the hybrid generator as described in some embodiments of the first aspect is currently in a monitoring state;

acquiring alternating current output by a piezoelectric power generation assembly;

and determining the working state of the friction power generation assembly according to the alternating current output by the piezoelectric power generation assembly.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the hybrid generator, the power generation method and the monitoring method, through the combination of the friction volt nano generator and the piezoelectric power generation assembly, not only can transverse movement be responded, but also the application and release of pressure in the vertical direction can be responded, mutual interference between the friction volt nano generator and the piezoelectric power generation assembly can be avoided, normal operation of the hybrid generator is guaranteed, and the application scene of the hybrid generator is expanded. And under the action of the electric energy output by the friction volt nano generator and the piezoelectric power generation assembly, the intensity of a single pulse signal output by the hybrid generator can be improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another hybrid generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an output result of a hybrid generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the output results of another hybrid generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the output signal and the state of the hybrid generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of output signals of a friction generating assembly and a piezoelectric generating assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a flowchart of a monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following describes in detail a specific implementation manner of a hybrid generator, a power generation method and a monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a hybrid generator, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, may include: the piezoelectric power generation device comprises a first friction unit 11, a second friction unit 12 and a piezoelectric power generation assembly 20, wherein the second friction unit 12 and the piezoelectric power generation assembly 20 are sequentially arranged above the first friction unit 11, and the piezoelectric power generation assembly 20 is arranged in an insulating manner with the second friction unit 12; the first rubbing unit 11 includes a first semiconductor rubbing layer 11a;

under the action of a shearing force (i.e., F0) parallel to the surface of the first friction unit 11, the whole a formed by the second friction unit 12 and the piezoelectric power generation component 20 slides relatively to the first semiconductor friction layer 11a, outputting an electric signal.

Wherein, first friction unit and second friction unit have formed friction power generation subassembly, so piezoelectric power generation subassembly locates on the friction power generation subassembly for piezoelectric power generation subassembly and friction power generation subassembly are the lamination setting, and piezoelectric power generation subassembly and the insulating setting of friction power generation subassembly, make piezoelectric power generation subassembly and friction power generation subassembly can not mutual interference, can normally work each other.

And the first friction unit comprises a first semiconductor friction layer, and the whole a (hereinafter referred to as the whole a) formed by the second friction unit and the piezoelectric power generation component slides relatively to the first semiconductor friction layer, so that the friction power generation component is made of a semiconductor material as the friction layer, and can be regarded as a friction volt nano generator, and the friction power generation component can output direct current. In addition, the friction power generation assembly can respond to the shearing force parallel to the surface of the first friction unit, and the whole a and the first semiconductor friction layer relatively slide under the action of the shearing force, so that a direct-current electric signal is output. Wherein such relative sliding is seen as the ability of the triboelectric power assembly to respond to lateral movement. The piezoelectric power generation component can respond to the stress in the vertical direction (namely, the direction vertical to the surface of the piezoelectric power generation component, such as the F1 direction shown in fig. 1) which possibly occurs when the shearing force is applied, and then the piezoelectric power generation component can output electric energy under the action of the stress, so that the hybrid generator can respond to the transverse movement, and can also respond to the application and release of the pressure in the vertical direction, the response of the hybrid generator to various stresses is realized, and the application scene of the hybrid generator is expanded.

In addition, under the action of the electric energy output by the friction volt nano generator and the piezoelectric power generation assembly, the intensity of a single pulse signal output by the hybrid generator can be improved. Optionally, when the friction power generation assembly and the piezoelectric power generation assembly are arranged in parallel, superposition of electric energy output by the friction power generation assembly and the piezoelectric power generation assembly can be achieved, and therefore the intensity of a single pulse signal output by the hybrid generator can be improved.

Alternatively, the piezoelectric power generation assembly 20 may be provided with at least one. As shown in fig. 1, the piezoelectric power generating component 20 is provided with one, and the size of the piezoelectric power generating component 20 can be matched with the size of the second friction unit 12, so that not only can the size of the piezoelectric power generating component 20 be fully enlarged by utilizing the space, but also the electric energy output by the piezoelectric power generating component 20 can be increased, and the relative sliding of the whole a and the first semiconductor friction layer 11a can be realized more favorably. The structure is suitable for the scene of light-weight design of the hybrid generator.

As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of piezoelectric power generating assemblies 20 may be provided, each piezoelectric power generating assembly 20 is disposed on the second friction unit 12 side by side, and each piezoelectric power generating assembly 20 is disposed in parallel, so that the electric energy output by the hybrid generator can be further improved. It should be understood that only two piezoelectric power generating assemblies 20 are shown in fig. 2, but this does not mean that only two piezoelectric power generating assemblies 20 are actually provided, and only two are illustrated here as an example.

Further, each piezoelectric power generation assembly can be arranged along the sliding direction, so that when the piezoelectric power generation assembly reciprocates, the piezoelectric power generation assembly can respond to pressure appearing in each sliding, and accordingly pressure can be responded more effectively, and more accurate monitoring can be achieved when the piezoelectric power generation assembly is utilized to monitor the process of outputting electric energy by the friction power generation assembly. The structure is suitable for a scene with reciprocating motion in a friction mode.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the piezoelectric power generation assembly 20 may include: the first electrode layer 21, the piezoelectric layer 23 and the second electrode layer 22 which are sequentially stacked, the piezoelectric layer 23 may be made of piezoelectric ceramics, and the piezoelectric layer 23 may be a single piezoelectric ceramic or a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics which are stacked, wherein the piezoelectric ceramics may include, but are not limited to: hard ceramics having piezoelectric effect such as PZT (lead zirconate titanate), KNN (potassium sodium niobate), PMN-PT (lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate), etc., and the choice of piezoelectric ceramics is not limited herein. The first electrode layer 21 and the second electrode layer 22 may be made of any material having a conductive function, for example, but not limited to, silver, nickel, or other conductive metals, etc., which are not limited herein.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the hybrid generator may further include an insulating connection layer 30, where the insulating connection layer 30 is disposed between the second friction unit 12 and the piezoelectric power generation component 20, so that the piezoelectric power generation component 20 is spaced apart from the second friction unit 12 by the insulating connection layer 30, so that the piezoelectric power generation component 20 is disposed in an insulating manner with the second friction unit 12, and adhesion between the piezoelectric power generation component 20 and the second friction unit 12 may also be achieved, and a fixing effect is achieved on the piezoelectric power generation component 20. Wherein the insulating connecting layer 30 may be, but is not limited to: other materials such as double-sided tape, epoxy resin adhesive, quick-drying adhesive, etc., are not limited herein.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first friction unit 11 may include: a first conductive layer 11b and a first semiconductor friction layer 11a are stacked, the first conductive layer 11b being provided on a side of the first semiconductor friction layer 11a facing away from the second friction unit 12, as shown in fig. 2; alternatively, the first conductive layer 11b is disposed on a side of the first semiconductor friction layer 11a facing the second friction unit 12, and the first conductive layer 11b is disposed insulated from the second friction unit 12, as shown in fig. 1. The second friction unit 12 includes: the second conductive layer 12b and the second semiconductor friction layer 12a are stacked, the second conductive layer 12b is provided between the second semiconductor friction layer 12a and the piezoelectric power generation component 20, and the fermi level of the material of which the first semiconductor friction layer 11a and the second semiconductor friction layer 12a are made is different.

The first conductive layer and the second conductive layer may be made of any material having a conductive function, which is not limited herein. The first semiconductor friction layer and the second semiconductor friction layer may be made of any semiconductor material, such as, but not limited to, gallium nitride, silicon, etc., and are not limited thereto. And, a semiconductor material having hardness may be used, which may enable the piezoelectric power generation assembly to be well attached to the second friction unit.

As such, when the first and second semiconducting friction layers are relatively stationary and in good contact with each other under pressure, electrons in the material with the higher fermi level will flow into the material with the lower fermi level due to the difference in fermi levels between the two, causing the energy band of the material with the lower fermi level to bend downward. Wherein the surface of the material having the higher fermi level loses electrons to be positively charged and the surface of the material having the lower fermi level gets electrons to be negatively charged, thereby forming a built-in electric field at the contact interface, which is directed from the material having the higher fermi level to the material having the lower fermi level. When a material with a higher fermi level slides on the surface of a material with a lower fermi level, the energy of the contact interface increases due to the tribovoltaic effect, unbalanced carriers are generated at the surface of the material with a lower fermi level, the unbalanced carriers separate under the action of the built-in electric field forming a directional current output, and the open circuit voltage and the short circuit current remain constant theoretically while the speed remains constant.

Of course, the above structure performs relative sliding for the two semiconductor materials, but in practical cases, it may also be configured as follows: the metal and semiconductor slide relatively to generate directional current, and the principle of generating directional current is similar to that described above and will not be described in detail. Wherein, when the metal and the semiconductor relatively slide, the first friction unit may include: the first friction unit comprises a first conductive layer and a first semiconductor friction layer, and the second friction unit comprises a second conductive layer which is made of metal materials, so that the second conductive layer and the first semiconductor friction layer slide relatively.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, the hybrid generator may further include a switching circuit 40, where the switching circuit 40 is connected to the piezoelectric power generation component 20; the switching circuit 40 is configured to: when the piezoelectric power generating assembly 20 is in the current power output state, the alternating current output by the piezoelectric power generating assembly is converted into direct current and then output; outputting alternating current output by the piezoelectric power generation component 20 when the monitoring state is currently in; when the first friction unit 11 and the second friction unit 12 form a friction power generation assembly, the alternating current is used for: monitoring the process of the output signal of the friction generator assembly.

Therefore, after the switching circuit converts the alternating current output by the piezoelectric power generation assembly into direct current, the alternating current can be conveniently overlapped with the direct current output by the friction power generation assembly, so that the output current of the hybrid power generator can be effectively improved, and the output power is further improved. For example, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the output current of the hybrid generator is greatly improved after the two direct currents are superimposed compared with the output current before the two direct currents are superimposed. The structure corresponding to the test result shown in fig. 4 is that Two piezoelectric power generation assemblies are arranged and connected in parallel, the structure corresponding to the test result shown in fig. 5 is that one piezoelectric power generation assembly is arranged and 10 piezoelectric ceramics are arranged in a laminated mode, time in fig. 4 and 5 represents time, current represents current, tribo-module represents a signal output by the friction power generation assembly, and Two modules represents a signal output by the hybrid generator.

And under the effect of the switching circuit, the process of outputting signals of the friction power generation assembly can be monitored, so that the working state and working environment of the friction power generation assembly can be monitored, when the output electric energy fluctuates due to the change of the working environment, the reason of the output change can be rapidly judged through the alternating current output by the piezoelectric power generation assembly, and the adjustment is timely carried out without stopping the work of the hybrid power generator.

As shown in fig. 6, a curve n1 represents the current output by the friction generating assembly, and a curve n2 represents the voltage output by the piezoelectric generating assembly; in the state I, the whole a formed by the piezoelectric power generation component and the second friction unit is subjected to shearing force in the horizontal direction, and the whole a and the first friction unit do not slide relatively, so that the piezoelectric power generation component does not output current at the moment, and does not output voltage at the moment. In the state II, the shearing force of the whole a in the horizontal direction is increased, but the whole a and the first friction unit still do not slide relatively, so that the friction power generation assembly still does not output current at the moment; however, as the shear force increases, when a stress starts to appear in the vertical direction (as indicated by the solid double-headed arrow), the piezoelectric power generating element starts to output a voltage in response to the stress, and since the stress in the vertical direction is smaller, the voltage output by the piezoelectric power generating element is also smaller. In the state III, the applied horizontal shearing force reaches the maximum, the whole a and the first friction unit start to slide relatively, and the friction power generation assembly starts to output current; meanwhile, the piezoelectric power generation component responds to the stress in the vertical direction and outputs voltage. In the state IV, the sliding speed is maximum when the whole a and the first friction unit slide relatively, so that the current value output by the friction power generation assembly is maximum. In the states V and VI, when the sliding speed of the whole a and the first friction unit is gradually reduced to 0 when the whole a slides relatively, the whole a slides leftmost from the rightmost side of the first friction unit and stops sliding, the current output by the friction power generation assembly is gradually reduced in the process, and the piezoelectric power generation assembly can store a part of shearing force, so that when the whole a stops sliding, the voltage output by the piezoelectric power generation assembly can be higher than the voltage before the whole a slides. Where current represents current, voltage represents voltage, and time represents time.

As shown in fig. 7, the whole a formed by the piezoelectric power generation component and the second friction unit and the first friction unit adopt a turntable sliding mode, signals output by the piezoelectric power generation component and the friction power generation component are generated at different rotating speeds, a curve s1 is a signal output by the friction power generation component, and a curve s2 is a signal output by the piezoelectric power generation component; as can be seen from the results shown in the figures, when the rotation speed is increased, the signal output by the friction power generation assembly obviously fluctuates, the signal output by the piezoelectric power generation assembly also obviously fluctuates, and the fluctuation position of the signal output by the friction power generation assembly is closer to the fluctuation position of the signal output by the piezoelectric power generation assembly, so that the piezoelectric power generation assembly has a more sensitive monitoring function, and the fluctuation of the signal output by the friction power generation assembly can be reflected, thereby realizing the monitoring function.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the switching circuit 40 includes: a rectifier 41 and a change-over switch 42;

the first end 1 of the change-over switch 42 is connected with the first electrode layer 21 in the piezoelectric power generation component 20, the second end 2 of the change-over switch 42 is respectively connected with the first output end of the rectifier 41 and the total positive output end V+ of the hybrid generator, and the third end 3 of the change-over switch 42 is connected with the first input end of the rectifier 41;

the second input end of the rectifier 41 is respectively connected with the second electrode layer 22 in the piezoelectric power generation component 20 and the first total negative output end V1-of the hybrid generator, and the second output end of the rectifier 41 is connected with the second total negative output end V2-of the hybrid generator;

the first end 1 and the third end 3 of the change-over switch 42 are connected, and the rectifier 41 rectifies the alternating current output by the piezoelectric power generation component 20 and outputs the rectified alternating current from the total positive output end V+ and the second total negative output end V2-;

the first terminal 1 and the second terminal 2 of the change-over switch 42 are connected, and the alternating current outputted from the piezoelectric generating assembly 20 is outputted from the total positive output terminal v+ and the first total negative output terminal V1-.

Therefore, the function of the switching circuit can be realized through the rectifier and the change-over switch, and the structure of the switching circuit can be simplified on the basis of realizing the processes of improving the output power and monitoring the output electric energy of the friction power generation assembly, so that the structure of the hybrid generator is simplified, and the manufacturing cost of the hybrid generator is reduced.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the first conductive layer 11b in the first friction unit 11 is connected to the total positive output terminal v+, and the second conductive layer 12b in the second friction unit 12 is connected to the second total negative output terminal V2-. Therefore, the friction power generation assembly and the piezoelectric power generation assembly can be arranged in parallel, and the output power of the hybrid power generator can be improved.

That is, when the friction power generation assembly and the piezoelectric power generation assembly are arranged in parallel, if the rectifier converts the alternating current output by the piezoelectric power generation assembly into direct current, the converted direct current can be overlapped with the direct current output by the friction power generation assembly, so that the output electric energy of the hybrid power generator can be improved, and the output power is improved.

In summary, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:

(1) The piezoelectric power generation assembly is attached to the friction power generation assembly through the insulating connecting layer, and in the working process of the hybrid generator, the piezoelectric power generation assembly can collect pressure change in the vertical direction and generate energy. By varying the location of attachment and the number of piezoceramics used, an optimal combination scheme may be preferred in order to maximize the output of the hybrid generator.

(2) The piezoelectric power generation assembly can be attached to any position on the friction power generation assembly at will, and in the working process of the hybrid generator, the piezoelectric power generation assembly responds to the change of pressure in the vertical direction, and under the condition that the normal output of the friction power generation assembly is maintained, the piezoelectric power generation assembly can provide additional electric energy output. When the two semiconductor friction layers in the friction power generation assembly are respectively made of gallium nitride and silicon, the output energy density of the hybrid generator can be improved by 21%.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present invention also provide a power generation method, which may be implemented using the hybrid generator described in the foregoing, and the power generation method may include:

and applying a shearing force parallel to the surface of the first friction unit to at least one of the first friction unit and the whole formed by the second friction unit and the piezoelectric power generation assembly, so that the whole and the first semiconductor friction layer in the first friction unit slide relatively, and outputting an electric signal.

In this way, the hybrid generator can combine the electrical energy output by the friction power generation assembly and the piezoelectric power generation assembly, thereby improving the intensity of the single pulse signal output by the hybrid generator.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a method for monitoring the output electric energy of the friction power generation assembly, as shown in fig. 8, the method may include:

s801, determining that a hybrid generator is currently in a monitoring state;

s802, acquiring alternating current output by a piezoelectric power generation assembly;

s803, determining the working state of the friction power generation assembly according to the alternating current output by the piezoelectric power generation assembly.

Therefore, the monitoring of the working state of the friction power generation assembly can be realized through the alternating current output by the piezoelectric power generation assembly, the friction power generation assembly does not need to be stopped when the abnormality occurs, and the adjustment is timely made under the state that the friction power generation assembly keeps working, so that the work of the hybrid power generator can be ensured to be uninterrupted.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims (11)

1. A hybrid generator, comprising: the piezoelectric power generation device comprises a first friction unit, a second friction unit and a piezoelectric power generation assembly, wherein the second friction unit and the piezoelectric power generation assembly are sequentially arranged on the first friction unit; the first rubbing unit includes a first semiconductor rubbing layer;

under the action of shearing force parallel to the surface of the first friction unit, the whole formed by the second friction unit and the piezoelectric power generation assembly and the first semiconductor friction layer slide relatively to output an electric signal.

2. The hybrid generator of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric power generation assembly is provided with at least one;

when the piezoelectric power generation assemblies are arranged in a plurality, each piezoelectric power generation assembly is arranged on the second friction unit side by side, and each piezoelectric power generation assembly is arranged in parallel.

3. The hybrid generator of claim 2, wherein each of the piezoelectric power generating assemblies is arranged in a sliding direction.

4. The hybrid generator of claim 1, further comprising an insulating connection layer disposed between the second friction unit and the piezoelectric power generation assembly.

5. The hybrid generator of claim 1, wherein the first friction unit further comprises: the first conductive layer is arranged on one side of the first semiconductor friction layer, which is away from the second friction unit;

the second friction unit includes: the second conductive layer and the second semiconductor friction layer are arranged in a stacked manner, and the second conductive layer is arranged between the second semiconductor friction layer and the piezoelectric power generation assembly; the first semiconductor friction layer and the second semiconductor friction layer are made of materials with different fermi energy levels.

6. The hybrid generator of any of claims 1-5, wherein the first friction unit and the second friction unit comprise a friction generating assembly, the friction generating assembly being disposed in parallel with the piezoelectric generating assembly.

7. The hybrid generator of any of claims 1-6, further comprising a switching circuit coupled to the piezoelectric power generation assembly;

the switching circuit is used for: when the piezoelectric power generation assembly is in an electric energy output state at present, converting alternating current output by the piezoelectric power generation assembly into direct current and outputting the direct current; outputting alternating current output by the piezoelectric power generation assembly when the piezoelectric power generation assembly is in a monitoring state currently; when the first friction unit and the second friction unit form a friction power generation assembly, the alternating current is used for: monitoring the process of the output signal of the friction generator assembly.

8. The hybrid generator of claim 7, wherein the switching circuit comprises: a rectifier and a change-over switch;

the first end of the change-over switch is connected with a first electrode layer in the piezoelectric power generation assembly, the second end of the change-over switch is respectively connected with the first output end of the rectifier and the total positive output end of the hybrid generator, and the third end of the change-over switch is connected with the first input end of the rectifier;

the second input end of the rectifier is respectively connected with the second electrode layer in the piezoelectric power generation assembly and the first total negative output end of the hybrid generator, and the second output end of the rectifier is connected with the second total negative output end of the hybrid generator;

the first end and the third end of the change-over switch are connected, and the rectifier rectifies the alternating current output by the piezoelectric power generation assembly and outputs the alternating current from the total positive output end and the second total negative output end;

the first end and the second end of the change-over switch are connected, and alternating current output by the piezoelectric power generation assembly is output from the total positive output end and the first total negative output end.

9. The hybrid generator of claim 8, wherein a first conductive layer in the first friction unit is connected to the total positive output and a second conductive layer in the second friction unit is connected to the second total negative output.

10. A power generation method using the hybrid power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:

and applying a shearing force parallel to the surface of the first friction unit to at least one of the first friction unit and the whole formed by the second friction unit and the piezoelectric power generation assembly, so that the whole and the first semiconductor friction layer in the first friction unit slide relatively, and outputting an electric signal.

11. A method for monitoring the output power of a friction generating assembly, comprising:

determining that the hybrid generator of any of claims 7-9 is currently in a monitored state;

acquiring alternating current output by a piezoelectric power generation assembly;

and determining the working state of the friction power generation assembly according to the alternating current output by the piezoelectric power generation assembly.