CN117471158A - Non-contact voltage detection method, circuit and sensor - Google Patents
Non-contact voltage detection method, circuit and sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN117471158A CN117471158A CN202210862682.1A CN202210862682A CN117471158A CN 117471158 A CN117471158 A CN 117471158A CN 202210862682 A CN202210862682 A CN 202210862682A CN 117471158 A CN117471158 A CN 117471158A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005350 ferromagnetic resonance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
Abstract
The invention discloses a non-contact voltage detection method, a non-contact voltage detection circuit and a non-contact voltage detection sensor. The method comprises the steps of panel capacitor configuration, induction polar plate excitation, partial pressure signal acquisition, filtering, analog-to-digital conversion and voltage calculation. The detection circuit comprises a first induction polar plate, a second induction polar plate, an excitation circuit, a low-pass filter circuit, a high-pass filter circuit, an AD conversion circuit, a main control processing chip and a wireless module, wherein the excitation circuit is connected to the first induction polar plate, the two filter circuits are both connected to the second induction polar plate and output a filter result to the AD conversion circuit, and the AD conversion circuit, the main control processing chip and the wireless module are sequentially connected. The sensor comprises a detection circuit and a circuit accommodating chamber, wherein the detection circuit is arranged in the circuit accommodating chamber. The voltage detection scheme of the invention can be directly used without on-site calibration. The installation is convenient, the power-off operation is not needed, and the original current loop is not damaged. Has the characteristics of miniaturization and digitalization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of voltage detection, in particular to a non-contact voltage detection method, a non-contact voltage detection circuit and a non-contact voltage detection sensor.
Background
The voltage transformer has wide application in power systems, and has very important roles in electric energy metering and relay protection, system monitoring diagnosis, power system fault analysis and the like. The main applications in current power systems are electromagnetic voltage transformers (potential transformer, PT) and capacitive voltage transformers (capacitive voltage transformer, CVT). The traditional electromagnetic voltage transformer has the problems that the size is large, the insulation difficulty is increased along with the increase of the voltage level, meanwhile, the iron core is arranged, so that the defects that the ferromagnetic resonance overvoltage is possibly generated, the dynamic range is reduced due to ferromagnetic saturation and the like are overcome, and the traditional electromagnetic voltage transformer is not suitable for the development trend of the current intelligent power grid. The traditional non-contact voltage measurement needs field calibration, so that the use of the sensor is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: in order to solve the problems, a non-contact voltage detection method, a non-contact voltage detection circuit and a non-contact voltage detection sensor are provided. When the scheme is used, calibration is not needed, and the scheme can be directly used.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a non-contact high-voltage wire voltage detection method comprises the following steps:
A. the first induction polar plate and the second induction polar plate which are mutually parallel are sequentially arranged, are mutually coupled and are parallel to the high-voltage wire to be tested;
B. loading excitation signal V on first induction polar plate H The excitation signal V H The frequency of (2) is far higher than the voltage V of the high-voltage wire to be measured L Is a power frequency of (2);
C. collecting voltage V on the second induction polar plate O For voltage V respectively O High-pass filtering and low-pass filtering to obtain high-frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 ；
D. Respectively for high frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 Analog-to-digital conversion is carried out;
E. based on the excitation signal V H Converted high frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 And a high-frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 The relation between the voltages V of the high-voltage wires to be detected is calculated L 。
The method can be used without on-site calibration and hardware installation.
Further, the detection method further comprises;
F. wirelessly converting the voltage V calculated in step E L And sending out.
In view of the use environment, the wiring is inconvenient in the field, and therefore, collecting the calculated data by wireless is the best way.
The invention also provides a non-contact high-voltage lead voltage detection circuit, which comprises an induction circuit part and an operation circuit part, wherein the induction circuit part comprises a first induction polar plate and a second induction polar plate, and the operation circuit part comprises an excitation circuit, a low-pass filter circuit, a high-pass filter circuit, an AD conversion circuit and a main control processing chip; the first induction polar plate and the second induction polar plate are parallel to each other and are coupled with each other; the exciting circuit is connected with the first induction polar plate and is used for loading an exciting signal V to the first induction polar plate H The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The input ends of the low-pass filter circuit and the high-pass filter circuit are connected to the second induction polar plate to obtain the voltage V of the second induction polar plate O Respectively performing low-pass filtering and high-pass filtering to obtain corresponding low-frequency component V 2 And a high frequency component V 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The AD conversion circuit is respectively connected with the output ends of the low-pass filter circuit and the high-pass filter circuit to respectively convert the low-frequency component V 2 And a high frequency component V 1 Analog-to-digital conversion is carried out, and a conversion result is sent to a connected main control processing chip; the main control processing chip is used for being based on an excitation signal V H Converted high frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 And a high-frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 The relation between them is calculated to be measuredVoltage V of high-voltage conductor L 。
When the circuit is applied, the two induction polar plates are arranged in parallel relative to the high-voltage lead, and can start detection without on-site calibration, so that the application range of the sensing circuit is greatly improved.
Further, the arithmetic circuit section further includes: and the wireless communication module is connected with the main control processing chip and is used for sending out the result calculated by the main control processing chip through a wireless signal.
The design of the circuit considers the use scene, and the calculated data (detected voltage) is sent out in a wireless mode, so that complicated wiring is not needed, and the potential safety hazard is reduced.
Further, the excitation signal V generated by the excitation circuit H Is a high frequency sinusoidal signal.
The invention provides a non-contact voltage sensor which comprises the detection circuit of the non-contact high-voltage lead voltage and a circuit accommodating cavity, wherein the detection circuit is arranged in the circuit accommodating cavity. Corresponding to the requirement of a circuit, when the two induction polar plates are installed in the circuit accommodating cavity, the two induction polar plates are required to be ensured to be parallel to the high-voltage wires in use.
The voltage sensor has a simple structure and a large measurement bandwidth and dynamic range. And simultaneously provides a new approach for solving the miniaturization and digitalization problems faced by the traditional voltage transformer. When the device is used, the device can be directly installed without on-site calibration and power failure.
Further, the circuit accommodating chamber comprises a circuit accommodating bin and a cover plate, the detection circuit is arranged in the circuit accommodating bin, and the cover plate is used for sealing an opening of the circuit accommodating bin.
Further, the opening of the circuit accommodating bin is arranged on one side opposite to the high-voltage wire to be tested.
Further, the first induction polar plate and the second induction polar plate are sequentially arranged in a direction away from the to-be-detected high-voltage wire.
Further, the operation circuit part in the detection circuit is arranged at one side of the second induction polar plate far away from the first induction polar plate.
The design avoids affecting the sensing circuit portion.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the non-contact type high-voltage wire voltage detection device can be directly applied to test the voltage of the high-voltage wire without on-site calibration.
2. The detection circuit and the sensor of the invention adopt a non-contact mode for measurement, have larger measurement bandwidth and dynamic range, and provide a new approach for solving the miniaturization and digitalization problems faced by the traditional voltage transformer.
3. The non-contact voltage detection scheme does not need to carry out power-off installation on the circuit, does not damage the original current loop, and is convenient to install.
Drawings
The invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a plate capacitor design.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an operation section in the voltage detection method.
Fig. 3 is a construction diagram of the detection circuit.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of the voltage sensor.
In the figure, 1 is a circuit accommodating bin, 2 is a second induction polar plate, 3 is a first induction polar plate, 4 is a connecting needle, and 5 is a cover plate.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Description of the principle of high voltage wire voltage measurement:
for a voltage of V L Constructing a plate capacitor, using the high-voltage wire to be detected as ground, applying high-frequency excitation V on the upper polar plate as shown in figure 1 H And V is H The frequency of the voltage V is far greater than the power frequency of the high-voltage lead by 50Hz, and the voltage V on the lower polar plate is collected by taking GND as a reference O Then the partial pressure principle is utilized to obtain:
C 1 is the equivalent capacitance between the high-voltage wire and the upper plate, C 2 Is the equivalent capacitance between the upper plate and the lower plate, C 3 Is the equivalent capacitance between the lower plate and ground.
V L Is a power frequency signal of 50Hz, V H For a high frequency signal much greater than 50Hz, and of known magnitude, for the acquisition signal V O Respectively performing low-pass filtering and high-pass filtering to obtain two paths of frequency components V 1 And V 2 Wherein:
at V 1 In (C) due to V H The coefficients can be found by knownValue of->Bringing the coefficient value into V 2 Then it is possible to obtain:
from this, VL can be calculated.
The two induction polar plates are exchanged in the same way.
Example 1
Based on the above calculation principle, the present embodiment discloses a method for non-contact detecting high-voltage wire voltage, which includes the following steps:
A. the first induction polar plate and the second induction polar plate which are parallel to each other are sequentially arranged. The first induction polar plate and the second induction polar plate are mutually coupled to form a plate capacitor. When the sensor is applied, the two sensing polar plates are arranged near the high-voltage wire to be measured and are parallel to the high-voltage wire to be measured. What is meant by sequential, positional definition, rather than sequential definition of placement.
B. Loading excitation signal V on first induction polar plate H The excitation signal V H Is much higher than the high voltage wire voltage V L Is a power frequency of the power supply.
C. Collecting voltage V on the second induction polar plate O For voltage V respectively O High-pass filtering and low-pass filtering to obtain high-frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 . Voltage V O The coupling output signal including the excitation signal and the power frequency signal to be measured, the high frequency component corresponds to the high frequency excitation signal, corresponds to the above formula (2), and the low frequency component corresponds to the power frequency steady state signal, corresponds to the above formula (3).
D. Respectively for high frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 Analog-to-digital conversion is performed. I.e. the filtered high frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 Converted to digital signals for ease of computation.
E. Based on the excitation signal V H Converted high frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 And a high-frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 The relation between the voltages V of the high-voltage wires to be detected is calculated L . Namely based on the above formulas (4) - (6)Calculate V L 。
Steps a-B are described above with reference to fig. 1, and steps C-E are described with reference to fig. 2.
Preferably, the voltage V is calculated L The voltage V is then also transmitted by wireless signals L And sending out.
Example two
The embodiment discloses a detection circuit of non-contact high-voltage lead voltage, which comprises an induction part and an operation part, wherein the induction part comprises a first induction polar plate and a second induction polar plate, and the operation part comprises an excitation circuit, a low-pass filter circuit, a high-pass filter circuit, an AD conversion circuit and a main control processing chip. The first induction polar plate and the second induction polar plate are parallel to each other and are coupled with each other; the excitation circuit is connected with the first induction polar plate and is used for loading an excitation signal V to the first induction polar plate H The excitation signal is, in one embodiment, a high frequency sinusoidal signal; the input ends of the low-pass filter circuit and the high-pass filter circuit are connected to the second induction polar plate to obtain the voltage V of the second induction polar plate O Corresponding filtering processes are carried out to output low-frequency components V respectively 2 And a high frequency component V 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The AD conversion circuit is respectively connected with the output ends of the low-pass filter circuit and the high-pass filter circuit to respectively output the low-frequency component V 2 And a high frequency component V 1 Analog-to-digital conversion is carried out; the output end of the AD conversion circuit is connected with a main control processing chip, and the main control processing chip is based on an excitation signal V H Converted high frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 And a high-frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 The relation between the voltages V of the high-voltage wires to be detected is calculated L . That is, V is calculated based on the above formulas (4) - (6) L 。
Considering that the application scene is inconvenient to wire, the operation part preferably further comprises a wireless communication module connected with the main control processing chip for calculating the voltage V calculated by the main control processing chip L And transmitted by wireless signals. Thus, wiring can be avoided, and simultaneously, the same receiving end can receive detection results of a plurality of high-voltage lead voltages at the same time.
Example III
The embodiment discloses a non-contact voltage sensor, which comprises a detection circuit (hereinafter referred to as detection circuit) of the non-contact high-voltage lead voltage and a circuit accommodating cavity, wherein the detection circuit is arranged in the circuit accommodating cavity. When the detection circuit is installed in the circuit accommodating cavity, the two induction polar plates are ensured to be parallel to the high-voltage lead wires in use.
Example IV
Based on the third embodiment, the present embodiment discloses a non-contact voltage sensor, as shown in fig. 4, which includes the above-mentioned detection circuit (not shown) of non-contact high-voltage wire voltage, and a circuit housing bin 1 and a cover plate 5, the cover plate 5 being installed at an opening of the circuit housing bin 1 to seal it and thereby protect internal facilities; the detection circuit is installed in the circuit accommodating bin 1. In one embodiment, the opening of the circuit-containing compartment 1 is arranged in a direction facing away from the high-voltage conductor to be tested. The operation part of the detection circuit is arranged on one side of the induction polar plate far away from the high-voltage wire in the two induction polar plates 2 and 3. In one embodiment, the first sensing plate 2 and the second sensing plate 3 are arranged in sequence in a direction away from the high voltage wire. Namely, the first induction polar plate 2 is close to one side of the high-voltage wire, and the operation part of the detection circuit is arranged on one side of the second induction polar plate 3 far away from the first induction polar plate 2. The first induction polar plate 2 and the second induction polar plate 3 are connected and coupled through a connecting pin 4.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. The method for detecting the voltage of the non-contact high-voltage lead is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. the first induction polar plate and the second induction polar plate which are mutually parallel are sequentially arranged, are mutually coupled and are parallel to the high-voltage wire to be tested;
B. loading excitation signal V on first induction polar plate H The excitation signal V H The frequency of (2) is far higher than the voltage V of the high-voltage wire to be measured L Is a power frequency of (2);
C. collecting voltage V on the second induction polar plate O For voltage V respectively O High-pass filtering and low-pass filtering to obtain high-frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 ；
D. Respectively for high frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 Analog-to-digital conversion is carried out;
E. based on the excitation signal V H Converted high frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 And a high-frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 The relation between the voltages V of the high-voltage wires to be detected is calculated L 。
2. The method of detection of claim 1, further comprising;
F. wirelessly converting the voltage V calculated in step E L And sending out.
3. The non-contact high-voltage lead voltage detection circuit is characterized by comprising an induction circuit part and an operation circuit part, wherein the induction circuit part comprises a first induction polar plate and a second induction polar plate, and the operation circuit part comprises an excitation circuit, a low-pass filter circuit, a high-pass filter circuit, an AD conversion circuit and a main control processing chip; the first induction polar plate and the second induction polar plate are parallel to each other and are coupled with each other; the exciting circuit is connected with the first induction polar plate and is used for loading an exciting signal V to the first induction polar plate H The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The input ends of the low-pass filter circuit and the high-pass filter circuit are connected to the second induction polar plate to obtain the voltage V of the second induction polar plate O Respectively performing low-pass filtering and high-pass filtering to obtain corresponding low-frequency component V 2 And a high frequency component V 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The AD conversion circuit is respectively connected with the output ends of the low-pass filter circuit and the high-pass filter circuit to respectively convert the low-frequency component V 2 And a high frequency component V 1 Analog-to-digital conversion is carried out, and a conversion result is sent to a connected main control processing chip; the main control processing coreThe chip is used for being based on the excitation signal V H Converted high frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 And a high-frequency component V 1 And a low frequency component V 2 The relation between the voltages V of the high-voltage wires to be detected is calculated L 。
4. The non-contact high-voltage wire voltage detection circuit according to claim 3, wherein the arithmetic circuit section further includes: and the wireless communication module is connected with the main control processing chip and is used for sending out the result calculated by the main control processing chip through a wireless signal.
5. The non-contact high-voltage wire voltage detection circuit according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the excitation signal V generated by the excitation circuit H Is a high frequency sinusoidal signal.
6. A non-contact voltage sensor comprising a detection circuit for the voltage of a non-contact high voltage wire according to any one of claims 3 to 5, and a circuit housing chamber, said detection circuit being mounted in said circuit housing chamber.
7. The non-contact voltage sensor of claim 6, wherein the circuit-receiving chamber includes a circuit-receiving chamber in which the detection circuit is mounted and a cover plate for sealing an opening of the circuit-receiving chamber.
8. The non-contact voltage sensor according to claim 7, wherein the opening of the circuit receiving chamber is provided on a side opposite to the high voltage wire to be measured.
9. The non-contact voltage sensor according to any one of claims 6-8, wherein the first sensing plate and the second sensing plate are arranged in sequence in a direction away from the high voltage wire to be measured.
10. The non-contact voltage sensor according to claim 9, wherein the operation circuit portion in the detection circuit is disposed on a side of the second sensing electrode plate away from the first sensing electrode plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210862682.1A CN117471158A (en) | 2022-07-21 | 2022-07-21 | Non-contact voltage detection method, circuit and sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210862682.1A CN117471158A (en) | 2022-07-21 | 2022-07-21 | Non-contact voltage detection method, circuit and sensor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117471158A true CN117471158A (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210862682.1A Pending CN117471158A (en) | 2022-07-21 | 2022-07-21 | Non-contact voltage detection method, circuit and sensor |
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| CN (1) | CN117471158A (en) |
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- 2022-07-21 CN CN202210862682.1A patent/CN117471158A/en active Pending
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