CN117435489A - Method and system for automatically analyzing software function points based on demand documents - Google Patents
Method and system for automatically analyzing software function points based on demand documents Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for automatically analyzing software function points based on a demand document, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step S1: preprocessing the software requirement document to obtain a preprocessed software requirement document; step S2: generating item data based on the preprocessed software requirement document, and respectively setting corresponding function types; step S3: performing function point calculation and evaluation according to the function type to obtain a function point analysis result; step S4: and the function point analysis result is visually presented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computer software, in particular to a method and a system for automatically analyzing software function points based on a demand document.
Background
In software development projects, it is critical to accurately evaluate and estimate the number of software functional points. Functional point analysis is a commonly used method for determining the number of functional points required by a software system and estimating project workload. Traditionally, functional point analysis is usually performed manually, and requires detailed reading and analysis of the required documents, which is a time-consuming and error-prone task, and currently known functional point analysis tools do not meet international standards in terms of calculation methods and do not support algorithm adjustment.
Patent document CN104978268B (application number 201510383973.2) discloses a software functional point real-time automated analysis method, comprising: designing software which comprises a module, a data entity, a function, an object, a data entity field, a function parameter and an object attribute, wherein the function parameter is divided into an input parameter and an output parameter by forming a tree structure from top to bottom in a layering manner; according to the tree structure, calculating the function points step by step from the bottom layer to the high layer, and calculating the function points of the object attribute; calculating the function points of the object according to the function points of the object attribute; calculating the function points of the input parameters; calculating the function points of the output parameters; calculating the function points of the function according to the function points of the input parameters and the output parameters; and finally calculating the function parameters of the software according to the function points of the object and the function points of the function point calculation module. Although the patent can automatically analyze the software function points, the calculation formula of the function points adopted by the automatic analysis of the requirement document does not accord with the existing related several international general standards (the total standard ISO14143, the sub-standard Mark II standard, the COSIC standard, the NESMA standard, the FISMA standard and the IFPUG standard).
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a system for automatically analyzing software function points based on a demand document.
The invention provides a method for automatically analyzing software function points based on a demand document, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: preprocessing the software requirement document to obtain a preprocessed software requirement document;
step S2: generating item data based on the preprocessed software requirement document, and respectively setting corresponding function types;
step S3: performing function point calculation and evaluation according to the function type to obtain a function point analysis result;
step S4: and the function point analysis result is visually presented.
Preferably, the step S1 employs: and performing text cleaning, word segmentation, stop word filtering and keyword extraction processing on the software requirement document to obtain a preprocessed software requirement document.
Preferably, the function types include: a data function type and a transaction function type;
the data function type comprises an internal logic file and an external logic file;
the transaction function types include external input, external output, external query.
Preferably, the step S3 employs: and calculating the corresponding complexity according to the decomposed data function and transaction function and the applied international standard and estimation method, thereby calculating the function point number of each function.
Preferably, the step S4 employs: functional complexity and workload estimation are presented visually in forms including charts, tables and graphs.
Preferably, the step S4 further includes: and generating a function point analysis report comprising the number of the function points, workload estimation and risk assessment information.
The invention provides a software function point system based on automatic analysis of a demand document, which comprises the following components:
module M1: preprocessing the software requirement document to obtain a preprocessed software requirement document;
module M2: generating item data based on the preprocessed software requirement document, and respectively setting corresponding function types;
module M3: performing function point calculation and evaluation according to the function type to obtain a function point analysis result;
module M4: and the function point analysis result is visually presented.
Preferably, the module M1 employs: and performing text cleaning, word segmentation, stop word filtering and keyword extraction processing on the software requirement document to obtain a preprocessed software requirement document.
Preferably, the function types include: a data function type and a transaction function type;
the data function type comprises an internal logic file and an external logic file;
the transaction function types include external input, external output, external query.
Preferably, the module M3 employs: and calculating the corresponding complexity according to the decomposed data function and transaction function and the applied international standard and estimation method, thereby calculating the function point number of each function.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention realizes the aim of estimating different projects, different stages and using different international standards by internally arranging an FPA international standard estimation method (ISO/IEC 209226) IFPUG, (ISO/IEC 24570) NESMA, (ISO/IEC 20968) MARKII, (ISO/IEC 19761) COSIC, (ISO/IEC 29881) FISMA and automatically generating corresponding project function point estimation steps according to different methods;
2. the invention supports the self-defining configuration estimation method and the function point calculation formula by self-defining configuration files, and generates corresponding function point estimation steps, thereby realizing the purpose of estimating project function points by the self-defining estimation method;
3. the invention supports data visualization, automatically generates a chart according to the report, and visually presents a final software function point analysis data support source;
4. the invention expands the method for converting the workload of the integrated support function point, and realizes systematic analysis of project evaluation activities.
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Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for automatically analyzing software function points based on a demand document.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a method and a system for automatically analyzing software function points based on a demand document, which are used for supporting function point estimation and project planning in a software development process. The method and the system for automatically analyzing the software function points based on the requirement document are used for measuring the function complexity and the development workload of the software system. The prior art generally requires manual computation and processing, is time consuming and is prone to errors. The invention discloses a method and a system for automatically analyzing software function points based on a demand document, which improve accuracy, efficiency and reliability.
Example 1
The invention provides a software function point system based on automatic analysis of a demand document, which comprises the following components:
the demand input module: the input software requires documents, supporting a variety of common document formats, such as Word, PDF, etc. Meanwhile, the module also provides a data preprocessing function, and special characters, punctuation marks and irrelevant contents in the document are automatically cleaned and processed, so that the accuracy of subsequent processing is improved.
Keyword extraction and functional point identification module: the data preprocessing method comprises the following steps of: text cleaning: unnecessary content such as special characters, punctuation marks, HTML tags and the like in the document is removed. Word segmentation: the document is segmented into a sequence of words or phrases, which facilitates subsequent processing. Disabling word filtering: removing common nonsensical words such as "and the like; keyword extraction, the keyword extraction is performed on the required document by using the NLP technology to identify the most important and relevant keywords in the document, and the following method can be used: TF-IDF (word frequency-inverse document frequency) calculates the importance of each word in the document, weighted according to the word frequency and the inverse document frequency in the document set. TextRank builds a graph from the relationships between words based on the graph's ranking algorithm, and calculates the importance of keywords using the PageRank algorithm. Machine learning keyword extraction: the model is trained to predict keywords in the document, and a method of supervised learning or unsupervised learning can be used.
A demand item making module: generating item data according to the requirement input module and the keyword extraction and function point identification module, respectively setting corresponding function types, dividing the item data into a data function type and a transaction function type, and classifying the item data under the subdivision type; the data function types are divided into: the transaction function types are divided into an internal logic file and an external logic file: external input, external output, external query; thereby forming a complete tree of entries.
Functional point calculation and evaluation module: the module automatically calculates and evaluates the function points according to the identified function points and the related information. According to the FPA standard specification, the function points of each function file are calculated by considering the factors such as the type, the complexity and the data input of the functions, and the custom configuration of the algorithm is supported. At the same time, the module also provides classification and induction functions of the function points so as to better organize and manage the function points.
Visualization and report generation module: the module presents the results of the function point analysis to the user in a visual manner. The functional complexity and workload estimation of the software are visually displayed in the forms of charts, tables, graphs and the like. In addition, the module also supports the generation of function point analysis reports, including information such as the number of function points, workload estimation, risk assessment and the like, and helps project planning and decision-making.
According to the method for automatically analyzing the software function points based on the demand document, which is provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the software requirement document is input by using the requirement input module, and a plurality of common document formats such as Word, PDF and the like are supported. Meanwhile, the data preprocessing is carried out on the input software requirement document, and the method comprises the following steps: special characters, punctuation marks and irrelevant contents in the document are automatically cleaned and processed, so that the accuracy of subsequent processing is improved. Text cleaning: unnecessary content such as special characters, punctuation marks, HTML tags and the like in the document is removed. Word segmentation: the document is segmented into a sequence of words or phrases, which facilitates subsequent processing. Disabling word filtering: removing common nonsensical words such as "and the like; keyword extraction, the keyword extraction is performed on the required document by using the NLP technology to identify the most important and relevant keywords in the document, and the following method can be used: TF-IDF (word frequency-inverse document frequency) calculates the importance of each word in the document, weighted according to the word frequency and the inverse document frequency in the document set. TextRank builds a graph from the relationships between words based on the graph's ranking algorithm, and calculates the importance of keywords using the PageRank algorithm. Machine learning keyword extraction: the model is trained to predict keywords in the document, and a method of supervised learning or unsupervised learning can be used.
Step 2: generating item data based on the preprocessed software requirement document, and respectively setting corresponding function types; dividing the data function type and the transaction function type into classifications under the subdivision type; the data function types are divided into: the transaction function types are divided into an internal logic file and an external logic file: external input, external output, external query; thereby forming a complete tree of entries.
Step 3: performing function point calculation and evaluation according to the function type to obtain a function point analysis result;
according to the FPA standard specification, the function points of each function file are calculated by considering the factors such as the type, the complexity and the data input of the functions, and the custom configuration of the algorithm is supported. At the same time, classification and induction functions of the function points are provided so as to better organize and manage the function points.
Step 4: and the function point analysis result is visually presented.
Specifically, the results of the function point analysis are visually presented to the user. The functional complexity and workload estimation of the software are visually displayed in the forms of charts, tables, graphs and the like. In addition, the method also supports the generation of function point analysis reports, including information such as the number of the function points, workload estimation, risk estimation and the like, and helps project planning and decision-making.
Example 2
Example 2 is a preferred example of example 1
According to the method for automatically analyzing the software function points based on the demand documents, a student information management system is developed and used for managing student information of schools.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the demand input module: the user inputs a required document of the student information management system, which may be a Word or PDF format document.
The module automatically performs data preprocessing, cleans the document, and removes special characters and irrelevant contents to improve data accuracy.
Keyword extraction and functional point identification are carried out: and analyzing the demand document, and extracting keywords such as student information, score management, course registration and the like.
Relationships between keywords, such as associations between student information and performance management, are identified.
A demand item making module: and converting the requirement document into item data, wherein each item corresponds to one function point.
For a student information management system, the functional points may include: student information input, student information inquiry, score input, score inquiry, course registration and the like.
Each function point is classified as a data function type (e.g., student information, performance) or a business function type (e.g., query, entry).
Functional point calculation and evaluation module: according to the FPA standard specification, the function point number of each function is automatically calculated in consideration of the type and complexity of the function.
For example, student information entry may be considered a complex data function point and performance query may be a simpler business function point.
Custom configuration allows project teams to adjust to project requirements.
Visualization and report generation module: the results of the function point analysis are presented in a visual manner.
A chart, such as a pie chart or bar chart, is generated to show the distribution and weighting of the various function points.
Reports are generated including the number of function points, workload estimates (in days or other units), possible risk assessments, etc.
Based on the student information management system provided by the invention, project teams can know the functional complexity of the student information management system and the workload required by development and test more clearly. This facilitates project planning, resource allocation and decision making. If necessary, the updating and reevaluation of the function point analysis can also be performed according to different development stages or changing requirements.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention provides a system and its individual devices, modules, units, etc. that can be implemented entirely by logic programming of method steps, in addition to being implemented as pure computer readable program code, in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers, etc. Therefore, the system and various devices, modules and units thereof provided by the invention can be regarded as a hardware component, and the devices, modules and units for realizing various functions included in the system can also be regarded as structures in the hardware component; means, modules, and units for implementing the various functions may also be considered as either software modules for implementing the methods or structures within hardware components.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without affecting the spirit of the invention. The embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A method for automatically analyzing software function points based on a demand document, comprising the steps of:
step S1: preprocessing the software requirement document to obtain a preprocessed software requirement document;
step S2: generating item data based on the preprocessed software requirement document, and respectively setting corresponding function types;
step S3: performing function point calculation and evaluation according to the function type to obtain a function point analysis result;
step S4: and the function point analysis result is visually presented.
2. The method for automatically analyzing software function points based on the demand document according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 employs: and performing text cleaning, word segmentation, stop word filtering and keyword extraction processing on the software requirement document to obtain a preprocessed software requirement document.
3. The automatic analysis software function point method based on a demand document according to claim 1, wherein the function types include: a data function type and a transaction function type;
the data function type comprises an internal logic file and an external logic file;
the transaction function types include external input, external output, external query.
4. The method for automatically analyzing software function points based on the demand document according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 employs: and calculating the corresponding complexity according to the decomposed data function and transaction function and the applied international standard and estimation method, thereby calculating the function point number of each function.
5. The method for automatically analyzing software function points based on the demand document according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 employs: functional complexity and workload estimation are presented visually in forms including charts, tables and graphs.
6. The method for automatically analyzing software function points based on a demand document according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 further comprises: and generating a function point analysis report comprising the number of the function points, workload estimation and risk assessment information.
7. A demand document based automatic analysis software function point system, comprising:
module M1: preprocessing the software requirement document to obtain a preprocessed software requirement document;
module M2: generating item data based on the preprocessed software requirement document, and respectively setting corresponding function types;
module M3: performing function point calculation and evaluation according to the function type to obtain a function point analysis result;
module M4: and the function point analysis result is visually presented.
8. The automatic demand document analysis software function point system according to claim 7, wherein the module M1 employs: and performing text cleaning, word segmentation, stop word filtering and keyword extraction processing on the software requirement document to obtain a preprocessed software requirement document.
9. The demand document based automatic analysis software function point system of claim 7, wherein the function types include: a data function type and a transaction function type;
the data function type comprises an internal logic file and an external logic file;
the transaction function types include external input, external output, external query.
10. The automatic demand document analysis software function point system according to claim 7, wherein the module M3 employs: and calculating the corresponding complexity according to the decomposed data function and transaction function and the applied international standard and estimation method, thereby calculating the function point number of each function.
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