CN117353655B - Marine floating type photovoltaic intelligent monitoring system based on RTK technology - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an offshore floating type photovoltaic intelligent monitoring system based on an RTK technology, in particular to the technical field of photovoltaic monitoring, wherein an image above a photovoltaic module is acquired through image acquisition equipment to obtain brightness and contrast of the image, the image is analyzed to obtain real-time atmospheric transparency of a photovoltaic panel, and the total solar irradiation is acquired based on solar constants, solar incidence angles and atmospheric transparency influence factors; calculating the theoretical power generation amount of the floating photovoltaic on the sea based on the total solar irradiation amount and the influence coefficient of the photovoltaic module; the fluctuation condition of the photovoltaic panel on the sea surface is obtained, the theoretical power generation amount is corrected according to the fluctuation condition, the corrected theoretical power generation amount is obtained, the corrected theoretical power generation amount reflects the power generation amount of the offshore floating photovoltaic under normal conditions, and the actual power generation amount of the offshore floating photovoltaic is compared with the corrected theoretical power generation amount, so that whether the offshore floating photovoltaic is abnormal or not can be clearly and scientifically judged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic monitoring, in particular to an offshore floating type photovoltaic intelligent monitoring system based on an RTK technology.
Background
RTK (RealTimeKinematic) is a real-time dynamic differential positioning technique, which is a combined system composed of GPS measurement technique and data transmission technique. RTK can provide the three-dimensional location result of survey website in appointed coordinate system fast in real time to reach centimeter level precision.
With the increasing global climate change and environmental pollution problems, there is an increasing demand for renewable energy. Photovoltaic power generation is considered to be one of the cleanest energy sources, because it does not produce greenhouse gas emissions, can significantly reduce carbon emissions, and alleviates the effects of climate change. The offshore floating photovoltaic can provide renewable power under the condition of wide ocean area, and meets the ever-increasing energy demand. And the offshore floating type photovoltaic fully utilizes water area resources such as the sea or the lake, so that the solar power generation and the water resource dual utilization in the same area can be realized, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy sources is improved.
The floating type photovoltaic power generation system is a system which floats power generation equipment such as a photovoltaic module, an inverter and the like on the water surface by means of a water floating body and a floating platform to generate power, and is mainly suitable for middle and open sea water areas with water depths of more than 5 m. The system can be composed of a high-density polyethylene buoyancy tank, a bracket type floating photovoltaic system, a monocrystalline silicon double-glass battery assembly, a string inverter and other devices.
However, when the floating type photovoltaic power generation system is actually used, the existing floating type photovoltaic power generation system still has more defects, such as lack of diagnosis and data analysis on the running state of equipment, so that the failure rate of the offshore photovoltaic power generation system is high, the power generation efficiency and the stability are insufficient, and intelligent management on the floating type photovoltaic power generation system cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an offshore floating type photovoltaic intelligent monitoring system based on an RTK technology, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
Technical proposal
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an offshore floating type photovoltaic intelligent monitoring system based on an RTK technology comprises a data acquisition module: the method is used for collecting basic information, environment information and position information of floating photovoltaic and actual power generation amount, and the basic information comprises the following steps: photovoltaic panel area, panel temperature, photovoltaic panel type, tilt angle; the environment information includes: wind speed, sea surface temperature, solar radiation, wind speed, wave height, and water temperature parameters;
theoretical generated energy calculation module: calculating the total solar irradiation amount and the photovoltaic module influence coefficient based on the basic information and the environment information of the floating photovoltaic, and calculating the theoretical power generation amount of the floating photovoltaic on the sea based on the total solar irradiation amount and the photovoltaic module influence coefficient;
theoretical generated energy correction module: acquiring a position fluctuation influence coefficient according to the sea water fluctuation condition and the fastening degree of the fastening device, and correcting the theoretical power generation amount based on the position fluctuation influence coefficient to obtain corrected theoretical power generation amount;
the abnormal judgment module of the generating capacity: comparing the calculated theoretical power generation amount with the actual power generation amount, and prompting abnormality when the calculated theoretical power generation amount is lower than the actual power generation amount;
an anomaly analysis module: starting an abnormality analysis module based on the generated energy abnormality judgment module, acquiring a photovoltaic panel picture through image acquisition equipment, and analyzing whether surface coverage exists or not; verifying the completion condition of the operation instruction, and analyzing whether control abnormality and network abnormality exist; the three-dimensional positioning of the floating photovoltaic panel is obtained through a real-time dynamic differential positioning technology, and whether the fastening device of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal or not is analyzed;
and a feedback adjusting module: based on the result obtained by the anomaly analysis module, the floating photovoltaic is regulated and controlled, and the regulation and control method comprises the steps of regulating the angle of the photovoltaic panel, regulating the photovoltaic panel fastening device, regulating the firewall, overhauling equipment, cleaning, verifying the risk coefficient after feedback regulation, verifying the power generation rate after feedback regulation and calculating.
Preferably, in the data acquisition module, the position information of the floating photovoltaic panel is acquired based on a real-time dynamic differential positioning technology, the real-time dynamic differential positioning technology is realized based on a GPS receiver and a differential GPS technology, and a hardware design architecture of the real-time dynamic differential positioning technology comprises:
and (3) a base station module: the base station module is used for receiving signals from GPS satellites, carrying out differential correction based on a differential GPS technology, and comprises a GPS receiver and a data processing unit;
a mobile device module: installing a GPS receiver on a mobile device (such as a robot, a vehicle or a buoy) for receiving GPS signals and differential correction information to achieve high-precision positioning;
and a communication module: for ensuring data communication between the base station and the mobile device for transmitting differential correction information;
and a power management module: the power supply device is used for managing the power supply of the system, ensuring the normal operation of equipment and realizing power supply management based on a power supply management chip;
the GPS receiver is used for receiving GPS signals from satellites and is realized based on a high-sensitivity GPS receiving chip; the data processing unit is realized based on an embedded processor, and the embedded processor is: for data processing and computation at the base station and mobile device to achieve RTK solutions.
Preferably, in the theoretical power generation amount calculation module, theoretical power generation amount is calculated based on basic information and environment information of the floating type photovoltaic, the brightness and contrast of an image of the sky above the floating type photovoltaic are analyzed to obtain an atmosphere transparency influence factor, a photovoltaic module influence coefficient is obtained based on basic information of the photovoltaic module, and theoretical power generation amount of the offshore floating type photovoltaic is calculated based on the atmosphere transparency influence factor, the photovoltaic module influence coefficient and the photovoltaic panel installation capacity.
Preferably, the theoretical generating capacity acquisition mode of the offshore floating photovoltaic is as follows:
acquiring an atmospheric transparency influence factor: acquiring an image above the photovoltaic module through image acquisition equipment to obtain brightness and contrast of the image, and analyzing the image to obtain real-time atmospheric transparency of the photovoltaic panel through a formulaObtaining an atmospheric transparency influence factor, wherein e represents a natural number, ld represents brightness, db represents contrast, wd represents sea surface air temperature;
obtaining the total solar energy irradiation amount: acquiring sun constant, sun incidence angle and atmospheric transparency influence factor, and obtaining the sun constant, sun incidence angle and atmospheric transparency influence factor by a formulaAcquiring total solar irradiation, wherein Ha represents the total solar irradiation, tc represents a solar constant, dt represents an atmospheric transparency influence factor, and θ1 represents a solar incident angle;
obtaining the influence coefficient of the photovoltaic module: inclination angle based on photovoltaic module type correction coefficient and photovoltaic matrix,Azimuth angle correction coefficient, by the formulaCalculating an influence coefficient of the photovoltaic module, wherein theta 2 represents a preset inclination angle of the photovoltaic square matrix, theta 3 represents an included angle between solar rays and a plane of the photovoltaic panel, lx represents a correction coefficient of the type of the photovoltaic module, the value is more than 0.8 and less than 1.0, the value is specifically set according to actual conditions, epsilon represents an azimuth correction coefficient and epsilon is more than or equal to 0.9 and less than or equal to 1.0, and the value is specifically set according to actual conditions;
calculating ideal power generation amount: calculating theoretical power generation amount of offshore floating photovoltaic based on total solar irradiation amount and influence coefficient of photovoltaic module, and passing through formulaI.e.And obtaining the theoretical power generation amount of the offshore floating type photovoltaic, wherein Ha represents the total irradiation amount of sea surface solar energy, ep represents the theoretical power generation amount, PAZ represents the installation capacity of the photovoltaic panel, and K represents the influence coefficient of the photovoltaic module.
Preferably, the theoretical power generation amount correction module: sea surface temperature, solar radiation, wind speed and wave height, sea wave height and wave state are obtained, the position fluctuation influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panel is obtained, and the formula is passed throughObtaining a position fluctuation influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panel, wherein Wb represents the position fluctuation influence coefficient, bp represents the fluctuation frequency, bg represents the fluctuation height, M represents the area of the photovoltaic panel, and fv represents the sea surface wind speed;
performing linear normalization processing, and marking the position fluctuation influence coefficient subjected to normalization processing as Wb';
obtaining corrected theoretical power generation amount: by the formulaAnd acquiring corrected theoretical power generation amount, wherein XE represents corrected theoretical power generation amount, and Wb' represents position fluctuation influence coefficient after normalization processing.
Preferably, in the abnormality judgment module, the corrected theoretical power generation amount is compared with the actual power generation amount, the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea is calculated, the power generation rate satisfies the formula,wherein FL represents the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea, SE represents the actual power generation amount of the floating type photovoltaic at sea, a threshold value of the power generation rate is set, and when the threshold value is exceeded, early warning is given to a manager, and meanwhile, an abnormality analysis module is started. For example, the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea satisfies the formula,the method comprises the steps of setting the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea to be 80%, and prompting a manager that the floating type photovoltaic at sea is abnormal when the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea is lower than 80%, wherein FL represents the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea, SE represents the actual power generation amount of the floating type photovoltaic at sea, and statistics shows that the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea is 85% -105% under normal conditions.
Preferably, in the abnormality analysis module, a surface abnormality analysis unit, a transmission abnormality analysis unit, and a fastening device abnormality analysis unit are included,
the surface anomaly analysis unit obtains the foreign matter coverage area of the offshore floating photovoltaic through an image recognition technology, and the foreign matter coverage area is calculated through a formulaCalculating a foreign matter coverage rate Yb, wherein ym represents a foreign matter coverage area of the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and M represents an area of the photovoltaic panel;
the transmission anomaly analysis unit is used for analyzing the condition of network data transmission, obtaining the data tampering probability pc through analysis and statistics of audit results, obtaining the number gc of attacks of malicious codes on the network in the time of the time period T, the data flow anomaly amplification Lz and the time ct of data transmission interruption, and the method is as followsEvaluating a data risk index, wherein Cf represents the data risk index;
the fastening device abnormality analysis unit: acquiring three-dimensional positioning of floating photovoltaic panels based on real-time dynamic differential positioning technology, calculating device stability index according to three-dimensional positioning results of the photovoltaic panels, dividing an offshore photovoltaic panel into n areas according to the number of the photovoltaic panels, and marking three-dimensional positioning information of the photovoltaic panels as w ij =(x ij ,y ij ,z ij ) Wherein w is ij Representing the position information, x, of the ith photovoltaic panel at point in time j ij Representing the x-axis position parameter, y of the ith photovoltaic panel at time point j ij Representing the y-axis position parameter, z, of the ith photovoltaic panel at time point j ij Representing the z-axis position parameter of the ith photovoltaic panel at the time point j, marking the center of the middle photovoltaic panel as the origin of coordinates, and passing through the formulaCalculating a device stability index Zw, wherein x Pre-i Representing the x-axis position parameter, y of a preset ith photovoltaic panel at a time point j Pre-i Representing the y-axis position parameter, z, of a preset ith photovoltaic panel at a time point j Pre-i And representing the z-axis position parameter of the preset ith photovoltaic panel at the time point j.
Preferably, the comprehensive risk coefficient of the offshore floating type photovoltaic is calculated by the formulaCalculating to obtain a comprehensive risk coefficient of the offshore floating photovoltaic, and distributing supervision resources of the offshore floating photovoltaic according to the comprehensive risk coefficient of the offshore floating photovoltaic, wherein w 1 Impact factor constant indicating foreign matter coverage, w 2 Influence factor constant, w, representing data risk index 3 An influence factor constant representing the device stability index, and w 1 +w 2 +w 3 =1.0,0≤w 1 ＜1，0≤w 2 ＜1，0≤w 3 ＜1。
Preferably, the feedback adjustment module: based on the result obtained by the anomaly analysis module, the floating photovoltaic is regulated and controlled, and a manager takes measures based on the foreign matter coverage rate, the data risk index and the device stability index, compares the result obtained by the anomaly analysis module with a preset value, calculates the deviation degree, and performs foreign matter cleaning, network maintenance and fastening device maintenance according to the sequence of the deviation degree.
Preferably, the system comprises a verification module, a risk index verification unit and a power generation efficiency verification unit, wherein the verification module is used for verifying the reliability of the feedback regulation module, the power generation efficiency verification unit is used for verifying the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea after feedback regulation, when the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea is increased, the feedback regulation module is proved to be normal, and if the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea is unchanged or becomes smaller, the feedback regulation module is proved to be abnormal, and early warning is given to a manager; the risk index verification unit is used for verifying the change of the foreign matter coverage rate, the data risk index and the device stability index, and when the foreign matter coverage rate, the data risk index and the device stability index are unchanged, the feedback regulation module is abnormal, and early warning is given to a manager.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
(1) The positioning technology based on RTK can accurately track the position of the photovoltaic floating body, ensure that the photovoltaic floating body is always positioned in a designated area, be beneficial to preventing the floating body from being lost due to bad weather or other factors, and be convenient for maintenance and overhaul;
(2) Acquiring an image above the photovoltaic module through image acquisition equipment to obtain brightness and contrast of the image, analyzing the image to obtain real-time atmospheric transparency of the photovoltaic panel, and acquiring total solar irradiation amount based on solar constants, solar incidence angles and atmospheric transparency influence factors; calculating the theoretical power generation amount of the floating photovoltaic on the sea based on the total solar irradiation amount and the influence coefficient of the photovoltaic module; the fluctuation condition of the photovoltaic panel on the sea surface is obtained, the theoretical power generation amount is corrected according to the fluctuation condition, the corrected theoretical power generation amount is obtained, the corrected theoretical power generation amount reflects the power generation amount of the offshore floating photovoltaic under normal conditions, and the actual power generation amount of the offshore floating photovoltaic is compared with the corrected theoretical power generation amount, so that whether the offshore floating photovoltaic is abnormal or not can be clearly and scientifically judged;
(3) Starting an abnormality analysis module based on the generated energy abnormality judgment module, acquiring a photovoltaic panel picture through image acquisition equipment, and analyzing whether surface coverage exists or not; verifying the completion condition of the operation instruction, and analyzing whether control abnormality and network abnormality exist; the three-dimensional positioning of the floating photovoltaic panel is obtained through a real-time dynamic differential positioning technology, and whether the fastening device of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal or not is analyzed; the floating type photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic panel, an angle adjusting device, a photovoltaic panel fastening device, a firewall adjusting device, a device maintenance device and a cleaning device, wherein the angle adjusting device is used for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel, the firewall adjusting device is used for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel, the device maintenance device is used for checking the risk coefficient after feedback adjustment, and the power generation rate after feedback adjustment is checked.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an anomaly analysis module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
A computer system/server may be described in the general context of computer-system-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer system. Generally, program modules may include routines, programs, objects, components, logic, data structures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The computer system/server may be implemented in a distributed cloud computing environment in which tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed cloud computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computing system storage media including memory storage devices.
The invention provides an offshore floating type photovoltaic intelligent monitoring system based on RTK technology as shown in figure 1, comprising:
and a data acquisition module: the method is used for collecting basic information, environment information and position information of floating photovoltaic and actual power generation amount, and the basic information comprises the following steps: photovoltaic panel area, panel temperature, photovoltaic panel type, tilt angle; the environment information includes: wind speed, sea surface temperature, solar radiation, wind speed, wave height, and water temperature parameters;
theoretical generated energy calculation module: calculating the total solar irradiation amount and the photovoltaic module influence coefficient based on the basic information and the environment information of the floating photovoltaic, and calculating the theoretical power generation amount of the floating photovoltaic on the sea based on the total solar irradiation amount and the photovoltaic module influence coefficient;
theoretical generated energy correction module: acquiring a position fluctuation influence coefficient according to the sea water fluctuation condition and the fastening degree of the fastening device, and correcting the theoretical power generation amount based on the position fluctuation influence coefficient to obtain corrected theoretical power generation amount;
the abnormal judgment module of the generating capacity: comparing the calculated theoretical power generation amount with the actual power generation amount, and prompting abnormality when the calculated theoretical power generation amount is lower than the actual power generation amount;
an anomaly analysis module: starting an abnormality analysis module based on the generated energy abnormality judgment module, acquiring a photovoltaic panel picture through image acquisition equipment, and analyzing whether surface coverage exists or not; verifying the completion condition of the operation instruction, and analyzing whether control abnormality and network abnormality exist; the three-dimensional positioning of the floating photovoltaic panel is obtained through a real-time dynamic differential positioning technology, and whether the fastening device of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal or not is analyzed;
and a feedback adjusting module: based on the result obtained by the anomaly analysis module, the floating photovoltaic is regulated and controlled, and the regulation and control method comprises the steps of regulating the angle of the photovoltaic panel, regulating the photovoltaic panel fastening device, regulating the firewall, overhauling equipment, cleaning, verifying the risk coefficient after feedback regulation, verifying the power generation rate after feedback regulation and calculating.
Further, in the data acquisition module, the position information of the floating photovoltaic panel is acquired based on a real-time dynamic differential positioning technology, the real-time dynamic differential positioning technology is realized based on a GPS receiver and a differential GPS technology, and a hardware design architecture of the real-time dynamic differential positioning technology comprises:
and (3) a base station module: the base station module is used for receiving signals from GPS satellites, carrying out differential correction based on a differential GPS technology, and comprises a GPS receiver and a data processing unit;
a mobile device module: installing a GPS receiver on a mobile device (such as a robot, a vehicle or a buoy) for receiving GPS signals and differential correction information to achieve high-precision positioning;
and a communication module: for ensuring data communication between the base station and the mobile device for transmitting differential correction information;
and a power management module: the power supply device is used for managing the power supply of the system, ensuring the normal operation of equipment and realizing power supply management based on a power supply management chip;
the GPS receiver is used for receiving GPS signals from satellites and is realized based on a high-sensitivity GPS receiving chip; the data processing unit is realized based on an embedded processor, and the embedded processor is: for data processing and computation at the base station and mobile device to achieve RTK solutions.
Further, in the theoretical power generation amount calculation module, theoretical power generation amount is calculated based on basic information and environment information of the floating type photovoltaic, the brightness and contrast of an image of the sky above the floating type photovoltaic are analyzed to obtain an atmosphere transparency influence factor, a photovoltaic module influence coefficient is obtained based on basic information of the photovoltaic module, and theoretical power generation amount of the offshore floating type photovoltaic is calculated based on the atmosphere transparency influence factor, the photovoltaic module influence coefficient and the photovoltaic panel installation capacity.
Further, the theoretical generating capacity acquisition mode of the offshore floating photovoltaic is as follows:
acquiring an atmospheric transparency influence factor: acquiring an image above the photovoltaic module through image acquisition equipment to obtain brightness and contrast of the image, and analyzing the image to obtain real-time atmospheric transparency of the photovoltaic panel through a formulaObtaining an atmospheric transparency influence factor, wherein e represents a natural number, ld represents brightness, db represents contrast, wd represents sea surface air temperature;
obtaining the total solar energy irradiation amount: acquiring sun constant, sun incidence angle and atmospheric transparency influence factor, and obtaining the sun constant, sun incidence angle and atmospheric transparency influence factor by a formulaAcquiring total solar irradiation, wherein Ha represents the total solar irradiation, tc represents a solar constant, dt represents an atmospheric transparency influence factor, and θ1 represents a solar incident angle;
obtaining the influence coefficient of the photovoltaic module: based on the correction coefficient of the type of the photovoltaic module, the correction coefficient of the inclination angle and the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic matrix, the formula is adoptedCalculating an influence coefficient of the photovoltaic module, wherein theta 2 represents a preset inclination angle of the photovoltaic square matrix, theta 3 represents an included angle between solar rays and a plane of the photovoltaic panel, lx represents a correction coefficient of the type of the photovoltaic module, the value is more than 0.8 and less than 1.0, the value is specifically set according to actual conditions, epsilon represents an azimuth correction coefficient and epsilon is more than or equal to 0.9 and less than or equal to 1.0, and the value is specifically set according to actual conditions;
calculating ideal power generation amount: calculating theoretical power generation amount of offshore floating photovoltaic based on total solar irradiation amount and influence coefficient of photovoltaic module, and passing through formulaI.e.And obtaining the theoretical power generation amount of the offshore floating type photovoltaic, wherein Ha represents the total irradiation amount of sea surface solar energy, ep represents the theoretical power generation amount, PAZ represents the installation capacity of the photovoltaic panel, and K represents the influence coefficient of the photovoltaic module.
Further, the theoretical power generation amount correction module: sea surface temperature, solar radiation, wind speed and wave height, sea wave height and wave state are obtained, the position fluctuation influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panel is obtained, and the formula is passed throughObtaining a position fluctuation influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panel, wherein Wb represents the position fluctuation influence coefficient, bp represents the fluctuation frequency, bg represents the fluctuation height, M represents the area of the photovoltaic panel, and fv represents the sea surface wind speed;
performing linear normalization processing, and marking the position fluctuation influence coefficient subjected to normalization processing as Wb';
obtaining corrected theoretical power generation amount: by the formulaAnd acquiring corrected theoretical power generation amount, wherein XE represents corrected theoretical power generation amount, and Wb' represents position fluctuation influence coefficient after normalization processing.
Further, in the abnormality judgment module, the corrected theoretical power generation amount is compared with the actual power generation amount, the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea is calculated, the power generation rate meets the formula,wherein FL represents the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea, SE represents the actual power generation amount of the floating type photovoltaic at sea, a threshold value of the power generation rate is set, and when the threshold value is exceeded, early warning is given to a manager, and meanwhile, an abnormality analysis module is started. For example, the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea satisfies the formula,the method comprises the steps of setting the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea to be 80%, and prompting a manager that the floating type photovoltaic at sea is abnormal when the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea is lower than 80%, wherein FL represents the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea, SE represents the actual power generation amount of the floating type photovoltaic at sea, and statistics shows that the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea is 85% -105% under normal conditions.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, in the abnormality analysis module, a surface abnormality analysis unit, a transmission abnormality analysis unit and a fastening device abnormality analysis unit are included,
the surface anomaly analysis unit obtains the foreign matter coverage area of the offshore floating photovoltaic through an image recognition technology, and the foreign matter coverage area is calculated through a formulaCalculating a foreign matter coverage rate Yb, wherein ym represents a foreign matter coverage area of the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and M represents an area of the photovoltaic panel;
the transmission anomaly analysis unit is used for analyzing the condition of network data transmission, obtaining the data tampering probability pc through analysis and statistics of audit results, obtaining the number gc of attacks of malicious codes on the network in the time of the time period T, the data flow anomaly amplification Lz and the time ct of data transmission interruption, and the method is as followsEvaluating a data risk index, wherein Cf represents the data risk index;
the fastening device abnormality analysis unit: acquiring three-dimensional positioning of floating photovoltaic panels based on real-time dynamic differential positioning technology, calculating device stability index according to three-dimensional positioning results of the photovoltaic panels, dividing an offshore photovoltaic panel into n areas according to the number of the photovoltaic panels, and marking three-dimensional positioning information of the photovoltaic panels as w ij =(x ij ,y ij ,z ij ) Wherein w is ij Representing the position information, x, of the ith photovoltaic panel at point in time j ij Representing the x-axis position parameter, y of the ith photovoltaic panel at time point j ij Representing the y-axis position parameter, z, of the ith photovoltaic panel at time point j ij Representing the z-axis position parameter of the ith photovoltaic panel at time point j, the intermediate photovoltaic panel willThe center of the plate is noted as the origin of coordinates, expressed by the formulaCalculating a device stability index Zw, wherein x Pre-i Representing the x-axis position parameter, y of a preset ith photovoltaic panel at a time point j Pre-i Representing the y-axis position parameter, z, of a preset ith photovoltaic panel at a time point j Pre-i And representing the z-axis position parameter of the preset ith photovoltaic panel at the time point j.
Further, the comprehensive risk coefficient of the offshore floating photovoltaic is calculated, and the comprehensive risk coefficient is calculated according to the formulaCalculating to obtain a comprehensive risk coefficient of the offshore floating photovoltaic, and distributing supervision resources of the offshore floating photovoltaic according to the comprehensive risk coefficient of the offshore floating photovoltaic, wherein w 1 Impact factor constant indicating foreign matter coverage, w 2 Influence factor constant, w, representing data risk index 3 An influence factor constant representing the device stability index, and w 1 +w 2 +w 3 =1.0,0≤w 1 ＜1，0≤w 2 ＜1，0≤w 3 ＜1。
Further, the feedback adjustment module: based on the result obtained by the anomaly analysis module, the floating photovoltaic is regulated and controlled, and a manager takes measures based on the foreign matter coverage rate, the data risk index and the device stability index, compares the result obtained by the anomaly analysis module with a preset value, calculates the deviation degree, and performs foreign matter cleaning, network maintenance and fastening device maintenance according to the sequence of the deviation degree.
The system comprises a feedback regulation module, a risk index verification unit, a power generation efficiency verification unit and a control unit, wherein the feedback regulation module is used for verifying the reliability of the feedback regulation module, the risk index verification unit and the power generation efficiency verification unit are used for verifying the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea after feedback regulation, when the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea is increased, the feedback regulation module is proved to be normal, if the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea is unchanged or becomes smaller, the feedback regulation module is proved to be abnormal, and early warning is carried out to a manager; the risk index verification unit is used for verifying the change of the foreign matter coverage rate, the data risk index and the device stability index, and when the foreign matter coverage rate, the data risk index and the device stability index are unchanged, the feedback regulation module is abnormal, and early warning is given to a manager.
Finally: the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. Offshore floating type photovoltaic intelligent monitoring system based on RTK technology, its characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
and a data acquisition module: the method is used for collecting basic information, environment information and position information of floating photovoltaic and actual power generation amount, and the basic information comprises the following steps: photovoltaic panel area, panel temperature, photovoltaic panel type, tilt angle; the environment information includes: wind speed, sea surface temperature, solar radiation, wind speed, wave height, and water temperature parameters;
theoretical generated energy calculation module: calculating the total solar irradiation amount and the photovoltaic module influence coefficient based on the basic information and the environment information of the floating photovoltaic, and calculating the theoretical power generation amount of the floating photovoltaic on the sea based on the total solar irradiation amount and the photovoltaic module influence coefficient;
theoretical generated energy correction module: acquiring a position fluctuation influence coefficient according to the sea water fluctuation condition and the fastening degree of the fastening device, and correcting the theoretical power generation amount based on the position fluctuation influence coefficient to obtain corrected theoretical power generation amount;
the abnormal judgment module of the generating capacity: comparing the calculated theoretical power generation amount with the actual power generation amount, and prompting abnormality when the calculated theoretical power generation amount is lower than the actual power generation amount, wherein in the abnormality judgment module, the corrected theoretical power generation amount is compared with the actual power generation amount, and the power generation rate of the offshore floating photovoltaic is calculated, wherein the power generation rate meets the formulaWherein FL represents the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea, SE meterShowing the actual power generation amount of the offshore floating photovoltaic, setting a threshold value of the power generation rate, and when the threshold value is exceeded, giving an early warning to a manager and starting an abnormality analysis module;
an anomaly analysis module: starting an abnormality analysis module based on the generated energy abnormality judgment module, acquiring a photovoltaic panel picture through image acquisition equipment, and analyzing whether surface coverage exists or not; verifying the completion condition of the operation instruction, and analyzing whether network abnormality exists; analyzing whether the fastening device of the photovoltaic panel is abnormal or not by acquiring the three-dimensional positioning of the floating photovoltaic panel through a real-time dynamic differential positioning technology, wherein in the abnormality analysis module, the surface abnormality analysis unit, the transmission abnormality analysis unit and the fastening device abnormality analysis unit are included,
the surface anomaly analysis unit obtains the foreign matter coverage area of the offshore floating photovoltaic through an image recognition technology, and the foreign matter coverage area is calculated through a formulaCalculating a foreign matter coverage rate Yb, wherein ym represents a foreign matter coverage area of the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and M represents an area of the photovoltaic panel;
the transmission anomaly analysis unit is used for analyzing the condition of network data transmission, obtaining the data tampering probability pc through analysis and statistics of audit results, obtaining the number gc of attacks of malicious codes on the network in the time of the time period T, the data flow anomaly amplification Lz and the time ct of data transmission interruption, and the method is as followsEvaluating a data risk index, wherein Cf represents the data risk index;
the fastening device abnormality analysis unit: acquiring three-dimensional positioning of floating photovoltaic panels based on real-time dynamic differential positioning technology, calculating device stability index according to three-dimensional positioning results of the photovoltaic panels, dividing an offshore photovoltaic panel into n areas according to the number of the photovoltaic panels, and marking three-dimensional positioning information of the photovoltaic panels as w ij =(x ij ,y ij ,z ij ) Wherein w is ij Representing the position information, x, of the ith photovoltaic panel at point in time j ij Representation ofX-axis position parameter, y of ith photovoltaic panel at time point j ij Representing the y-axis position parameter, z, of the ith photovoltaic panel at time point j ij Representing the z-axis position parameter of the ith photovoltaic panel at the time point j, marking the center of the middle photovoltaic panel as the origin of coordinates, and passing through the formulaCalculating a device stability index Zw, wherein x Pre-i Representing the x-axis position parameter, y of a preset ith photovoltaic panel at a time point j Pre-i Representing the y-axis position parameter, z, of a preset ith photovoltaic panel at a time point j Pre-i Representing the z-axis position parameter of a preset ith photovoltaic panel at a time point j;
and a feedback adjusting module: based on the result obtained by the anomaly analysis module, the floating photovoltaic is regulated and controlled, and the regulation comprises the regulation of the angle of the photovoltaic panel, the regulation of the photovoltaic panel fastening device, the regulation of a firewall, the maintenance of equipment and cleaning, and the power generation rate after feedback regulation is verified.
2. The RTK technology based offshore floating photovoltaic intelligent monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: in the data acquisition module, the position information of the floating photovoltaic panel is acquired based on a real-time dynamic differential positioning technology, the real-time dynamic differential positioning technology is realized based on a GPS receiver and a differential GPS technology, and a hardware design architecture of the real-time dynamic differential positioning technology comprises:
and (3) a base station module: the base station module is used for receiving signals from GPS satellites, carrying out differential correction based on a differential GPS technology, and comprises a GPS receiver and a data processing unit;
a mobile device module: installing a GPS receiver on the mobile device for receiving GPS signals and differential correction information so as to realize high-precision positioning;
and a communication module: for ensuring data communication between the base station and the mobile device for transmitting differential correction information;
and a power management module: the power supply device is used for managing the power supply of the system, ensuring the normal operation of equipment and realizing power supply management based on a power supply management chip;
the GPS receiver is used for receiving GPS signals from satellites and is realized based on a high-sensitivity GPS receiving chip; the data processing unit is realized based on an embedded processor, and the embedded processor is: for data processing and computation at the base station and mobile device to achieve RTK solutions.
3. The RTK technology based offshore floating photovoltaic intelligent monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: in the theoretical power generation amount calculation module, theoretical power generation amount is calculated based on basic information and environment information of floating type photovoltaic, the brightness and contrast of an image of sky above the floating type photovoltaic are analyzed to obtain an atmosphere transparency influence factor, a photovoltaic module influence coefficient is obtained based on basic information of a photovoltaic module, and theoretical power generation amount of offshore floating type photovoltaic is calculated based on the atmosphere transparency influence factor, the photovoltaic module influence coefficient and photovoltaic panel installation capacity.
4. The RTK technology based marine floating photovoltaic intelligent monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: the theoretical generating capacity acquisition mode of the offshore floating photovoltaic is as follows:
acquiring an atmospheric transparency influence factor: acquiring an image above the photovoltaic module through image acquisition equipment to obtain brightness and contrast of the image, and analyzing the image to obtain real-time atmospheric transparency of the photovoltaic panel through a formulaObtaining an atmospheric transparency influence factor, wherein e represents a natural number, ld represents brightness, db represents contrast, wd represents sea surface air temperature;
obtaining the total solar energy irradiation amount: acquiring sun constant, sun incidence angle and atmospheric transparency influence factor, and obtaining the sun constant, sun incidence angle and atmospheric transparency influence factor by a formulaObtaining total solar irradiation, wherein Ha represents the total solar irradiation, tc represents a solar constant, dt represents an atmospheric transparency influence factor, and θ1 representsIncident angle of sun;
obtaining the influence coefficient of the photovoltaic module: based on the correction coefficient of the type of the photovoltaic module, the correction coefficient of the inclination angle and the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic matrix, the formula is adoptedCalculating an influence coefficient of the photovoltaic module, wherein theta 2 represents a preset inclination angle of the photovoltaic square matrix, theta 3 represents an included angle between solar rays and a plane of the photovoltaic panel, lx represents a correction coefficient of the type of the photovoltaic module, the value is more than 0.8 and less than 1.0, the value is specifically set according to actual conditions, epsilon represents an azimuth correction coefficient and epsilon is more than or equal to 0.9 and less than or equal to 1.0, and the value is specifically set according to actual conditions;
calculating ideal power generation amount: calculating theoretical power generation amount of offshore floating photovoltaic based on total solar irradiation amount and influence coefficient of photovoltaic module, and passing through formulaI.e.And obtaining the theoretical power generation amount of the offshore floating type photovoltaic, wherein Ha represents the total irradiation amount of sea surface solar energy, ep represents the theoretical power generation amount, PAZ represents the installation capacity of the photovoltaic panel, and K represents the influence coefficient of the photovoltaic module.
5. The RTK technology based offshore floating photovoltaic intelligent monitoring system of claim 2, characterized in that: theoretical generated energy correction module: sea surface temperature, solar radiation, wind speed and wave height, sea wave height and wave state are obtained, the position fluctuation influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panel is obtained, and the formula is passed throughObtaining a position fluctuation influence coefficient of the photovoltaic panel, wherein Wb represents the position fluctuation influence coefficient, bp represents the fluctuation frequency, bg represents the fluctuation height, M represents the area of the photovoltaic panel, and fv represents the sea surface wind speed;
performing linear normalization processing, and marking the position fluctuation influence coefficient subjected to normalization processing as Wb';
obtaining corrected theoretical power generation amount: by the formulaAnd acquiring corrected theoretical power generation amount, wherein XE represents corrected theoretical power generation amount, and Wb' represents position fluctuation influence coefficient after normalization processing.
6. The RTK technology based off-shore floating photovoltaic intelligent monitoring system of claim 5, characterized in that: and a feedback adjusting module: based on the result obtained by the anomaly analysis module, the floating photovoltaic is regulated and controlled, and a manager takes measures based on the foreign matter coverage rate, the data risk index and the device stability index, compares the result obtained by the anomaly analysis module with a preset value, calculates the deviation degree, and performs foreign matter cleaning, network maintenance and fastening device maintenance according to the sequence of the deviation degree.
7. The RTK technology based off-shore floating photovoltaic intelligent monitoring system of claim 6, wherein: the system comprises a verification module, a risk index verification unit and a power generation efficiency verification unit, wherein the verification module is used for verifying the reliability of the feedback regulation module, the power generation efficiency verification unit is used for verifying the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea after feedback regulation, when the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea is increased, the feedback regulation module is proved to be normal, and if the power generation rate of the floating type photovoltaic at sea is unchanged or becomes smaller, the feedback regulation module is proved to be abnormal, and early warning is given to a manager; the risk index verification unit is used for verifying the change of the foreign matter coverage rate, the data risk index and the device stability index, and when the foreign matter coverage rate, the data risk index and the device stability index are unchanged, the feedback regulation module is abnormal, and early warning is given to a manager.
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