CN117348305A - Electrochromic device with controllable transparency and application method thereof - Google Patents
Electrochromic device with controllable transparency and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117348305A CN117348305A CN202311457563.9A CN202311457563A CN117348305A CN 117348305 A CN117348305 A CN 117348305A CN 202311457563 A CN202311457563 A CN 202311457563A CN 117348305 A CN117348305 A CN 117348305A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- -1 iodide ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005279 LLTO - Lithium Lanthanum Titanium Oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical class [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);cobalt(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Co+2].[Co+3].[Co+3] UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QIGXCGDYZRKCEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=[Ir](=O)=O Chemical compound O=[Ir](=O)=O QIGXCGDYZRKCEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 133
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical class [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GPKIXZRJUHCCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(5-methyl-2-propan-2-ylphenoxy)methyl]oxirane Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1OCC1OC1 GPKIXZRJUHCCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical group [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012788 optical film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002211 ultraviolet spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/1533—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/155—Electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electrochromic devices, and discloses a transparency-controllable electrochromic device which comprises a transparent substrate, wherein a conductive layer is deposited on the inner side of the transparent substrate, an electrochromic layer is deposited on the inner side of the conductive layer, an electrolyte layer is deposited on the right side of the electrochromic layer, and a counter electrode layer is deposited on the right side of the electrolyte layer. When negative voltage is applied to the first transparent electrode layer, lithium ions and magnesium ions are embedded with the tungsten trioxide film, iodide ions are oxidized under the action of charges, silver ions are reduced and deposited on the tungsten trioxide film to form black metal particles, so that the electrochromic device is changed from transparent to opaque, when positive voltage is applied to the first transparent electrode layer, lithium ions and magnesium ions are separated from the tungsten trioxide film, iodide ions are reduced, metallic silver is oxidized, silver ions are formed again, and the electrochromic device is changed from opaque to transparent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrochromic devices, in particular to an electrochromic device with controllable transparency and a use method thereof.
Background
Electrochromic devices refer to devices made of electrochromic materials, the electrochromic materials refer to phenomena of stable and reversible color change under the action of an external electric field by utilizing optical properties (such as reflectivity, transmissivity, absorptivity and the like) of the materials, namely reversible change of color and transparency in the appearance of a device, at present, the common electrochromic devices in life are various products such as electrochromic intelligent dimming glass, electrochromic displays, auto-anti-glare rearview mirrors and the like, the development of the electrochromic devices is gradually mature, and research on how to regulate the transparency of the electrochromic devices is a hot topic at present.
According to the invention, an electrochromic device with controlled transparency is disclosed in the patent of the invention with the Chinese patent number of CN102498434A, but the method for realizing the adjustment and control of the electrochromic transparency indicated by the electrochromic device in the patent is complicated in implementation, so that the method for adjusting and controlling the color-changing transparency by the electrochromic device in the patent needs to be further improved, and an electrochromic device with controllable transparency and a use method thereof are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the electrochromic device with controllable transparency and the use method thereof, has the advantage of conveniently and intuitively realizing the effect of changing the transparency of the electrochromic device, and solves the problem that the electrochromic device with controlled transparency in the background art is complicated in the method for realizing the regulation and control of the color-changing transparency.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the aim of intuitively achieving the effect of changing the transparency of the electrochromic device, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the electrochromic device with controllable transparency comprises a transparent substrate, wherein a conductive layer is deposited on the inner side of the transparent substrate, an electrochromic layer is deposited on the inner side of the conductive layer, an electrolyte layer is deposited on the right side of the electrochromic layer, and a counter electrode layer is deposited on the right side of the electrolyte layer;
the transparent substrate comprises a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate;
the conductive layer includes a first transparent electrode layer and a second transparent electrode layer.
Preferably, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are made of transparent quartz optical glass, and the first transparent electrode layer is made of one or two materials selected from indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, graphene or nano silver.
Preferably, the electrochromic layer is made of tungsten trioxide thin film material, and is attached to the right side of the first transparent electrode layer, and the thickness of the electrochromic layer is fifty to one hundred nanometers.
Preferably, the second transparent electrode layer is made of one or two materials selected from indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, graphene or nano silver, and the second transparent electrode layer is attached to the right side of the second transparent substrate.
Preferably, the electrolyte layer is an ion conducting layer structure, the ion conducting layer is made of LLTO electrolyte, the counter electrode layer is an ion storage layer structure, and the ion storage layer is made of one of nickel oxide, cobaltosic oxide or iridium trioxide.
Preferably, a silver ion salt is arranged in the ion conducting layer, the silver ion salt is made of silver nitrate, iodide ions are arranged in the ion conducting layer, and magnesium ions are arranged in the ion storage layer.
Preferably, a catalytic film layer structure is deposited on the left side of the second transparent electrode layer, and the catalytic film layer is a Pt-Fe alloy catalytic layer structure.
Preferably, the counter electrode layer is attached to the left side of the catalytic thin film layer, and the catalytic thin film layer has a thickness of fifty to one hundred nanometers.
A method of using a transparency-controllable electrochromic device, further comprising the steps of:
(1) Applying a negative voltage to the first transparent substrate and the first transparent electrode layer;
(2) Lithium ions in the LLTO electrolyte and magnesium ions in the ion storage layer can enter the electrochromic layer and are embedded with the tungsten trioxide film structure;
(3) Iodine ions in the electrolyte layer are oxidized due to the maintenance of internal charge balance, silver ions are reduced and deposited into ferrous metal particles on the tungsten trioxide film, so that the electrochromic device is changed from transparent to black opaque state;
(4) Applying a positive voltage to the first transparent substrate and the first transparent electrode layer;
(5) Lithium ions and magnesium ions can be separated from the tungsten trioxide film structure, iodide ions are reduced, and ferrous metal particles can be oxidized again to generate silver ions, so that the electrochromic device is recovered from the opaque state to the transparent state.
(III) beneficial effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the electrochromic device with controllable transparency and the use method thereof, and the electrochromic device has the following beneficial effects:
according to the electrochromic device with controllable transparency and the application method thereof, a first transparent substrate, a first transparent electrode layer and an electrochromic layer are sequentially deposited and attached from left to right, a second transparent substrate, a second transparent electrode layer, a counter electrode layer and an electrolyte layer are sequentially deposited and attached from right to left, so that a complete electrochromic device is obtained, silver nitrate and iodide ion salt are arranged in the electrolyte layer, when negative voltage is applied to the first transparent substrate and the first transparent electrode layer, lithium ions and magnesium ions enter the electrochromic layer and are embedded with a tungsten trioxide film, at the moment, the iodide ions in the electrolyte layer are oxidized under the action of electric charge, silver ions are reduced and deposited on the tungsten trioxide film to form black metal particles, the electrochromic device is changed from transparent to opaque structure, then when the first transparent substrate and the first transparent electrode layer are applied, the positive voltage is separated from the tungsten trioxide film, the iodide ions are reduced, metallic silver ions are oxidized, silver ions are formed again, and the electrochromic device is changed from opaque to transparent structure, and the transparency of the electrochromic device is more intuitively regulated and controlled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an ion exchange according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for using the transparency control of the structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a transparent substrate; 101. a first transparent substrate; 102. a second transparent substrate; 2. a conductive layer; 201. a first transparent electrode layer; 202. a second transparent electrode layer; 3. an electrochromic layer; 4. an electrolyte layer; 5. and a counter electrode layer.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, an electrochromic device with controllable transparency comprises a transparent substrate 1, wherein a conductive layer 2 is deposited on the inner side of the transparent substrate 1, an electrochromic layer 3 is deposited on the inner side of the conductive layer 2, an electrolyte layer 4 is deposited on the right side of the electrochromic layer 3, and a counter electrode layer 5 is deposited on the right side of the electrolyte layer 4;
the transparent base 1 includes a first transparent substrate 101 and a second transparent substrate 102;
the conductive layer 2 includes a first transparent electrode layer 201 and a second transparent electrode layer 202.
Further, the first transparent substrate 101 and the second transparent substrate 102 are made of transparent quartz optical glass, and the first transparent electrode layer 201 is made of one or two materials selected from indium tin oxide, fluorine doped tin oxide, aluminum doped zinc oxide, graphene and nano silver.
Specifically, the materials for manufacturing the first transparent substrate 101 and the second transparent substrate 102 are transparent quartz optical glass, and the transparent quartz optical glass enables the electrochromic device to have the characteristics of high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, ensures that the electrochromic device has excellent light transmission performance, has excellent effect of transmitting ultraviolet spectrum, and can transmit visible light and near infrared spectrum.
Further, the electrochromic layer 3 is made of tungsten trioxide thin film, and the electrochromic layer 3 is attached to the right side of the first transparent electrode layer 201, and the thickness of the electrochromic layer 3 is fifty to one hundred nanometers.
Specifically, the electrochromic layer 3 is used as the most main functional layer of the whole color-changing device, and mainly performs color-changing reaction, when a certain voltage is applied to the first transparent electrode layer 201 and the second transparent electrode layer 202, cations in the electrolyte layer 4 and the counter electrode layer 5 can enter the electrochromic layer 3 to perform oxidation-reduction reaction, so that the effect of changing the color of the device is realized, and therefore, the thickness of the electrochromic layer 3 made of tungsten trioxide material is designed to be fifty to one hundred nanometers, so that the electrochromic optical film layer structure is formed, and the deposition and the manufacture are convenient.
Further, the second transparent electrode layer 202 is made of one or two materials selected from indium tin oxide, fluorine doped tin oxide, aluminum doped zinc oxide, graphene and nano silver, and the second transparent electrode layer 202 is attached to the right side of the second transparent substrate 102.
Specifically, the first transparent electrode layer 201 and the second transparent electrode layer 202 are conductive structure layers of the electrochromic device, and mainly serve to connect an external circuit while ensuring light passing, and provide uniform electron supply for the electrochromic layer 3 and the ion storage layer 6, so that materials with excellent conductive properties need to be selected.
Further, the electrolyte layer 4 is an ion conducting layer structure, the ion conducting layer is made of LLTO electrolyte, the counter electrode layer 5 is an ion storage layer structure, and the ion storage layer is made of one of nickel oxide, tricobalt tetraoxide or iridium trioxide.
Specifically, the ion storage layer 6 is mainly used for keeping the charge balance of the internal system of the whole electrochromic device, and the selected nickel oxide, cobaltosic oxide or iridium oxide and other materials have excellent ion storage and ion exchange capacities, so that the LLTO electrolyte material enables the ion conducting layer to have a large amount of lithium ions, and the ion conducting layer is convenient to be embedded with the tungsten trioxide film layer.
Further, silver ion salt is arranged in the ion conducting layer, silver nitrate is used as a material of the silver ion salt, iodide ions are arranged in the ion conducting layer, and magnesium ions are arranged in the ion storage layer.
Specifically, the anode of silver nitrate is hydroxide ion, which is changed into water and oxygen by losing electrons, and the cathode is silver ion, which is changed into silver by obtaining electrons, and ph is reduced when oxygen is generated, so that silver nitrate solution is slightly acidic, and oxidation-reduction reaction of silver ion needs to be performed under acidic environment, and when positive and negative voltages are respectively applied to the first transparent electrode layer 201, lithium ion in LLTO electrolyte and magnesium ion in ion storage layer enter the electrochromic layer 3, and are separated from or embedded with tungsten trioxide film.
Further, a catalytic thin film layer structure is deposited on the left side of the second transparent electrode layer 202, and the catalytic thin film layer is a pt—fe alloy catalytic layer structure.
Specifically, the pt—fe alloy catalytic layer can accelerate the oxidation-reduction reaction on the electrochromic layer 3, increase the color-changing rate of the electrochromic layer 3, reduce silver ions to black metal particles when iodide ions undergo oxidation reaction, adhere to the electrochromic layer 3, change the color-changing device into an opaque state, oxidize metallic silver to regenerate silver ions when iodide ions undergo reduction reaction, and change the color-changing device into a transparent state.
Further, the counter electrode layer 5 is attached to the left side of the catalytic thin film layer, and the catalytic thin film layer has a thickness of fifty to one hundred nanometers.
Specifically, the catalytic thin film layer is designed to have the same thickness as the electrochromic layer 3, so that after a voltage is conveniently applied to the first transparent electrode layer 201, the oxidation-reduction reaction is further accelerated, and the first transparent substrate 101, the first transparent electrode layer 201, the electrochromic layer 3, the electrolyte layer 4, the counter electrode layer 5, the second transparent electrode layer 202 and the second transparent substrate 102 are sequentially deposited in the order from left to right, thereby obtaining a complete electrochromic device.
A method of using a transparency-controllable electrochromic device, further comprising the steps of:
(1) Applying a negative voltage to the first transparent substrate 101 and the first transparent electrode layer 201;
(2) Lithium ions in the LLTO electrolyte and magnesium ions in the ion storage layer can enter the electrochromic layer 3 and are embedded with the tungsten trioxide film structure;
(3) Iodine ions in the electrolyte layer 4 are oxidized due to the maintenance of internal charge balance, silver ions are reduced and deposited into ferrous metal particles on the tungsten trioxide film, so that the electrochromic device is changed from transparent to black opaque state;
(4) Applying a positive voltage to the first transparent substrate 101 and the first transparent electrode layer 201;
(5) Lithium ions and magnesium ions can be separated from the tungsten trioxide film structure, iodide ions are reduced, and ferrous metal particles can be oxidized again to generate silver ions, so that the electrochromic device is recovered from the opaque state to the transparent state.
In summary, according to the electrochromic device with controllable transparency and the use method thereof, through sequentially depositing and attaching the first transparent substrate 101, the first transparent electrode layer 201 and the electrochromic layer 3 from left to right, sequentially depositing and attaching the second transparent substrate 102, the second transparent electrode layer 202, the counter electrode layer 5 and the electrolyte layer 4 from right to left, a complete electrochromic device is obtained, silver nitrate and iodine ion salt are arranged in the electrolyte layer 4, when negative voltage is applied to the first transparent substrate 101 and the first transparent electrode layer 201, lithium ions and magnesium ions enter the electrochromic layer 3 and are embedded with the tungsten trioxide film, at this time, iodine ions in the electrolyte layer 4 are oxidized under the action of charges, silver ions are reduced and deposited on the tungsten trioxide film to form black metal particles, so that the electrochromic device is changed into an opaque structure from transparent to opaque structure, then when positive voltage is applied to the first transparent substrate 101 and the first transparent electrode layer 201, lithium ions and magnesium ions are separated from the tungsten trioxide film, the iodine ions are reduced, and metal silver ions are oxidized, and silver ions are further formed into a silver oxide film, so that the electrochromic device is changed into an opaque structure from transparent structure to be more visual.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. Electrochromic device with controllable transparency, comprising a transparent substrate (1), characterized in that: a conductive layer (2) is deposited on the inner side of the transparent substrate (1), an electrochromic layer (3) is deposited on the inner side of the conductive layer (2), an electrolyte layer (4) is deposited on the right side of the electrochromic layer (3), and a counter electrode layer (5) is deposited on the right side of the electrolyte layer (4);
the transparent base (1) comprises a first transparent substrate (101) and a second transparent substrate (102);
the conductive layer (2) comprises a first transparent electrode layer (201) and a second transparent electrode layer (202).
2. The transparency-controllable electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein: the first transparent substrate (101) and the second transparent substrate (102) are made of transparent quartz optical glass, and the first transparent electrode layer (201) is made of one or two materials of indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, graphene or nano silver.
3. The transparency-controllable electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein: the electrochromic layer (3) is made of tungsten trioxide thin film materials, the electrochromic layer (3) is attached to the right side of the first transparent electrode layer (201), and the thickness of the electrochromic layer (3) is fifty to one hundred nanometers.
4. The transparency-controllable electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein: the second transparent electrode layer (202) is made of one or two materials of indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, graphene or nano silver, and the second transparent electrode layer (202) is attached to the right side of the second transparent substrate (102).
5. The transparency-controllable electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein: the electrolyte layer (4) is of an ion conducting layer structure, the ion conducting layer is made of LLTO electrolyte, the counter electrode layer (5) is of an ion storage layer structure, and the ion storage layer is made of one of nickel oxide, cobaltosic oxide or iridium trioxide.
6. The electrochromic device of claim 5 wherein the electrochromic device comprises: silver ion salt is arranged in the ion conducting layer, silver nitrate is used as a material of the silver ion salt, iodide ions are arranged in the ion conducting layer, and magnesium ions are arranged in the ion storage layer.
7. The transparency-controllable electrochromic device of claim 1, wherein: and a catalytic film layer structure is deposited on the left side of the second transparent electrode layer (202), and the catalytic film layer is of a Pt-Fe alloy catalytic layer structure.
8. The transparency controllable electrochromic device of claim 7, wherein: the counter electrode layer (5) is attached to the left side of the catalytic film layer, and the thickness of the catalytic film layer is fifty to one hundred nanometers.
9. A method of using an electrochromic device having a controllable transparency, comprising: comprising the transparency-controllable electrochromic device according to claims 1-8, further comprising the following operating steps:
(1) Applying a negative voltage to the first transparent substrate (101) and the first transparent electrode layer (201);
(2) Lithium ions in the LLTO electrolyte and magnesium ions in the ion storage layer can enter the electrochromic layer (3) to be embedded with the tungsten trioxide film structure;
(3) Iodine ions in the electrolyte layer (4) are oxidized due to the maintenance of internal charge balance, silver ions are reduced and deposited into ferrous metal particles on the tungsten trioxide film, so that the electrochromic device is changed from transparent to black opaque state;
(4) Applying a positive voltage to the first transparent substrate (101) and the first transparent electrode layer (201);
(5) Lithium ions and magnesium ions can be separated from the tungsten trioxide film structure, iodide ions are reduced, and ferrous metal particles can be oxidized again to generate silver ions, so that the electrochromic device is recovered from the opaque state to the transparent state.
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