CN117269625A - Local electromagnetic wave enhanced detection structure combined with atomic air chamber - Google Patents
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims 3
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- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0864—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of quantum precision measurement, in particular to a structure for enhancing detection of local electromagnetic waves combined with an atomic gas chamber. The invention aims to provide a novel structure capable of effectively improving the detection sensitivity of terahertz waves, namely a structure for enhancing detection of local electromagnetic waves combined with an atomic air chamber, which comprises the atomic air chamber, terahertz waves and two resonant components, wherein each resonant component comprises a substrate and a resonant group, the resonant group comprises two square open-loop resonators, the two ends of a notch of each square open-loop resonator are vertically bent inwards, the notches of the two square open-loop resonators are oppositely arranged, a space is arranged between the two square open-loop resonators, a through hole for light beams to pass through is formed in the substrate, and the two resonant components are respectively and closely arranged on two opposite surfaces of the outer wall of the atomic air chamber. The square open-loop resonator and the atomic gas chamber are combined to be applied to terahertz wave detection, so that the sensitivity of terahertz wave detection is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of quantum precision measurement, in particular to a structure for enhancing detection of local electromagnetic waves combined with an atomic gas chamber.
Background
Terahertz waves refer to electromagnetic waves having a frequency in the range of 0.1 to 10 THz (wavelength 3000 to 30 μm). The wave band of terahertz wave can cover the characteristic spectrum of substances such as semiconductors, plasmas, organisms, biomacromolecules and the like, and the frequency band can be utilized to deepen and expand the understanding of human beings on basic scientific problems in physics, chemistry, astronomy, informatics and life science.
The reed-burg atoms have a highly sensitive energy level structure, which is used as a core device for terahertz wave detection and can respond to the change of the terahertz wave electric field. At present, based on the terahertz wave electric field detection requirement, the detection sensitivity of terahertz waves based on the Redberg atoms in the prior art needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel structure capable of effectively improving the terahertz wave detection sensitivity, namely a structure for enhancing detection by combining local electromagnetic waves of an atomic gas chamber.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a structure that local electromagnetic wave reinforcing that combines atomic air chamber detected, including atomic air chamber, terahertz wave, two resonance subassembly, every resonance subassembly all includes the basement and is fixed in a resonance group on the basement, resonance group includes two square open-loop resonators, the breach both ends of every square open-loop resonator all buckle perpendicularly to the intra-annular and form two kinks, be equipped with the clearance between two kinks, the breach relative arrangement of two square open-loop resonators, be equipped with the interval between two square open-loop resonators, the part that is located between two square open-loop resonators and corresponds with the clearance of basement is equipped with the through-hole that is used for the light beam to pass, two resonance subassembly are hugged closely respectively and are arranged at the relative two faces of atomic air chamber's outer wall.
Principle analysis: in order to verify whether the sensitivity of the structure to terahertz wave detection is improved, the structure is placed in a verification light path, and the enhancement effect of the square open-loop resonator applied to the terahertz wave electric field is verified by utilizing electromagnetic induction transparent effect EIT and AT splitting. The verification light path comprises an atomic air chamber, detection light and coupling light, wherein the coupling light sequentially passes through a third reflector and a through hole of one resonant assembly and then enters from one end of the atomic air chamber, the detection light is divided into two beams by a polarization splitting prism, one beam of detection light sequentially passes through the first reflector, the second reflector and a through hole of the other resonant assembly and then enters from the other end of the atomic air chamber, the detection light and the coupling light are transmitted in a reverse direction along the same path, the detection light sequentially passes through the atomic air chamber and a balance photoelectric detector on a transmission path, the other beam of detection light passes through a fourth reflector and then directly passes through a through hole of the other resonant assembly as background light to enter the atomic air chamber, the two beams of detection light are both transmitted into the balance photoelectric detector after passing through the atomic air chamber, a terahertz wave signal source irradiates to the atomic air chamber through a standard gain horn antenna, the electric field direction of a terahertz wave signal is kept perpendicular to the beam direction, and EIT-AT splitting can occur under the action of a terahertz wave electric field. The electric field intensity is obtained according to the electromagnetic induction transparent spectrum splitting interval detected by the balance photoelectric detector, and the specific calculation process is as follows: according to Doppler effect, the Redberg energy level single photon transition corresponds to a Lawster frequency ofThe electric field strength is obtained by measuring the AT cleavage interval, and the electric field strength is obtained>Wherein->Is Planck constant, +.>For the transition matrix element λc and λp are the wavelength of the coupled light and the probe light, respectively, +.>For EIT-AT split intervals.
The minimum detectable electric field strength without square open-loop resonator isWherein->EIT-AT splitting interval when the square open-loop resonator is omitted; after square open-loop resonance is added, the detectable minimum electric field strength is +.>Wherein->In order to add the EIT-AT splitting interval after the square open-loop resonator, N is the amplification factor of the square open-loop resonator, so that the minimum electric field strength which can be detected after the square open-loop resonator is added is 1/N of that of the square open-loop resonator, and the detection sensitivity of the terahertz wave electric field can be effectively improved.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the square open-loop resonator and the atomic gas chamber are combined and applied to terahertz wave detection, so that a great enhancement effect is achieved on the electric field of the corresponding terahertz wave, and the sensitivity of the terahertz wave detection is effectively improved; meanwhile, the structure and the size parameters of the open-loop resonator are optimally designed, so that the sensitivity of terahertz wave detection is further improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a square open-loop resonator;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a resonant assembly;
FIG. 4 is a graph of transmission corresponding to a square open-loop resonator with a side length of 1920 μm and a terahertz frequency of 0.10776 THz;
FIG. 5 is a graph of electric field effect characteristics corresponding to square open-loop resonators of different size parameters when the terahertz wave frequency is 0.10776 THz;
FIG. 6 is a graph of electric field effect characteristics corresponding to square open-loop resonators of different size parameters when the terahertz wave frequency is 0.5 THz;
FIG. 7 is a graph of electric field effect characteristics corresponding to square open-loop resonators of different size parameters when the terahertz wave frequency is 1 THz;
fig. 8 is a verification light path diagram for verifying whether the electric field strength of the square open-loop resonator is enhanced.
In the figure: the device comprises a 1-substrate, a 2-polarization beam splitter prism, a 3-fourth reflector, a 4-second reflector, a 5-first reflector, a 6-resonant assembly, a 7-atomic gas chamber, an 8-third reflector, a 9-standard gain horn antenna, a 10-terahertz wave signal source, a 11-square open-loop resonator, a 12-bending part, a 13-through hole and a 14-balanced photoelectric detector.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, a further description of the invention will be made. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description, it should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. It should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms described above will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as described herein; it will be apparent that the embodiments in the specification are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention.
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a structure for enhancing detection of local electromagnetic waves combined with an atomic air chamber 7 comprises the atomic air chamber 7, terahertz waves and two resonance components 6, wherein each resonance component 6 comprises a substrate 1 and one resonance group fixed on the substrate 1, each resonance group comprises two square open-pore resonators 11, two ends of a notch of each square open-pore resonator 11 are vertically bent inwards to form two bending parts 12, a gap is arranged between the two bending parts 12, the notches of the two square open-pore resonators 11 are oppositely arranged, a space is arranged between the two square open-pore resonators 11, a through hole 13 for a light beam to pass through is arranged at a part, which is positioned between the two square open-pore resonators 11, of the substrate 1, corresponding to the gap, and the two resonance components 6 are respectively and closely attached to two opposite surfaces of the outer wall of the atomic air chamber 7.
Principle analysis: in order to verify whether the sensitivity of the structure to terahertz wave detection is improved, the structure is put into a verification light path, and the enhancement effect of the square open-pore resonator 11 applied to the terahertz wave electric field is verified by utilizing electromagnetic induction transparent effects EIT and AT splitting. The verification light path comprises an atomic gas chamber 7, detection light and coupling light, wherein the coupling light sequentially passes through a third reflector 8 and one of the harmonicsThe detection light is divided into two beams by the polarization splitting prism 2, wherein one beam of detection light sequentially passes through the first reflecting mirror 5, the second reflecting mirror 4 and the through hole 13 of the other resonant component 6, then enters from the other end of the atomic air chamber 7, and is overlapped and reversely transmitted with the coupling light along the same path, sequentially passes through the atomic air chamber 7 and the balance photoelectric detector 14 on the transmission path, the other beam of detection light passes through the fourth reflecting mirror 3 and directly passes through the through hole 13 of the other resonant component 6 as background light to enter the atomic air chamber 7, the two beams of detection light enter the balance photoelectric detector 14 after passing through the atomic air chamber 7, the terahertz wave signal source 10 radiates to the atomic air chamber 7 by the standard gain horn antenna 9, the electric field direction of the terahertz wave signal is kept perpendicular to the beam direction, the EIT-AT splitting can occur under the effect of the terahertz wave electric field, the electric field intensity is obtained according to the fact that the balance photoelectric detector 14 detects the electromagnetic induction transparent spectrum splitting interval, and the specific calculation process is as follows: according to Doppler effect, the Redberg energy level single photon transition corresponds to a Lawster frequency ofThe electric field strength is obtained by measuring the AT cleavage interval, and the electric field strength is obtained>Wherein->Is Planck constant, +.>For the transition matrix element λc and λp are the wavelength of the coupled light and the probe light, respectively, +.>For EIT-AT split intervals.
The smallest detectable electric field strength without square-shaped open-pore resonator 11 isWherein->EIT-AT split spacing for a square-free open-pore resonator 11; after adding the square open-loop resonator 11, the detectable minimum electric field strength is +.>Wherein->In order to add the EIT-AT splitting interval after the square open-loop resonator 11, N is the amplification factor of the square open-loop resonator 11, so that the minimum electric field strength which can be detected after the square open-loop resonator is added is 1/N of that of the square open-loop resonator, and the detection sensitivity of the terahertz wave electric field can be effectively improved.
In particular, each resonant assembly 6 comprises a plurality of resonant groups fixed on the substrate 1 in a straight line, and the through hole 13 is arranged between two square open-pore resonators 11 of one resonant group and corresponds to the gap of the substrate 1. The number of the resonance groups has no influence on the electric field intensity, and the plurality of resonance groups are arranged only for convenient use, so that the resonance groups are prevented from being too small and not being well fixed.
In the implementation, the number of the resonant groups is three, the through holes 13 are arranged at the corresponding part between the two square open-pore resonators 11 of one resonant group positioned in the middle of the substrate 1, and the structure is specific and standardized.
In particular, as shown in fig. 2, the frequency range of the terahertz wave is 0.1 to 1THz, and the dimension parameter of each square-shaped open-pore resonator 11 is that the side length l=6×the length s=6×the metal line width w=15×the gap g=216 to 1920 μm between the two bent portions 12.
In specific implementation, the optimal value of the size parameter of each square open-pore resonator 11 needs to be determined after simulating the square open-pore resonators 11 with different size parameters by combining the terahertz wave frequency to be detected and the requirement of the corresponding reed-burg atomic energy level transition frequency through finite element analysis software, and the size parameter of the square open-pore resonator 11 corresponding to the maximum electric field intensity between the two square open-pore resonators 11 is the optimal value of the size parameter of the square open-pore resonator 11. As shown in fig. 4, the larger the absolute value of the transmission coefficient in the graph, the stronger the transmittance and the better the resonance effect, so that the resonance frequency point corresponding to the square-shaped open-pore resonator 11 having the side length l=1920 μm is obtained. To further verify the resonance enhancement effect of the square open-pore resonator 11 at this frequency point, as shown in fig. 5, when the terahertz wave frequency is 0.10776THz, the measured electric field intensity is 18.07V/m at maximum when the dimension parameter of the square open-pore resonator 11 takes the side length l=6×the length s=6×the metal line width w=15×the gap g=1920 μm between the two bent portions 12.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, when the terahertz wave frequency is 0.5THz, the dimension parameter of the square open-pore resonator 11 is the edge length l=6×the length s=6×the metal line width w=15×the gap g=432 μm between the two bent portions 12, and the maximum measured electric field strength at the same frequency is 17.7V/m;
in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, when the terahertz wave frequency is 1THz, the maximum measured electric field strength at the same frequency is 16.51V/m when the dimension parameter of the square open-pore resonator 11 takes the edge length l=6×the length s=6×the metal line width w=15×the gap g=216 μm between the two bent portions 12.
In this embodiment, the atoms in the atomic gas chamber 7 are alkali metal atoms.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Although described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the embodiments, and they should be construed as covering the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a combine local electromagnetic wave reinforcing detection's of atomic air chamber structure, a serial communication port, including atomic air chamber (7), terahertz wave, two resonance subassembly (6), every resonance subassembly (6) all include base (1) and be fixed in a resonance group on base (1), resonance group includes two square trompil resonators (11), the breach both ends of every square trompil resonator (11) are all buckled perpendicularly to the ring and are formed two kinks (12), be equipped with the clearance between two kinks (12), the breach of two square trompil resonators (11) is arranged relatively, be equipped with the interval between two square trompil resonators (11), the part that is located between two square trompil resonators (11) and corresponds with the clearance of base (1) is equipped with through-hole (13) that are used for the light beam to pass, two resonance subassembly (6) are hugged closely respectively the relative two faces of the outer wall of atomic air chamber (7).
2. A structure for enhanced detection of localized electromagnetic waves incorporating an atomic gas cell according to claim 1, wherein each of the resonant assemblies (6) comprises a substrate and a plurality of resonant groups fixed to the substrate (1) in a straight line, and the through holes (13) are provided between two square open-pore resonators (11) of one of the resonant groups and at a portion of the substrate (1) corresponding to the gap.
3. The structure for enhanced detection of localized electromagnetic waves incorporating an atomic gas cell according to claim 2, wherein the number of resonant groups is three, and the through holes (13) are provided in the middle of the substrate (1) at corresponding portions between two square-shaped open-pore resonators (11) of a group of resonant groups.
4. A structure for local electromagnetic wave enhancement detection in combination with an atomic gas cell according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the frequency range of the terahertz wave is 0.1-1 THz, and the dimensional parameter of each square open-pore resonator (11) is side length l=6×bent portion (12) length s=6×metal line width w=15×gap g=216-1920 μm between two bent portions (12).
5. The structure for enhanced detection of local electromagnetic waves combined with an atomic gas chamber according to claim 4, wherein the optimal value of the size parameter of each square open-pore resonator (11) is determined by simulating square open-pore resonators (11) with different size parameters according to the frequency of terahertz waves to be detected and the requirement of corresponding reed-burg atomic energy level transition frequency by finite element analysis software, and the size parameter of the square open-pore resonator (11) corresponding to the maximum electric field intensity between the two square open-pore resonators (11) is the optimal value of the size parameter of the square open-pore resonator (11).
6. The structure of claim 5, wherein the atoms in the atomic gas chamber (7) are alkali metal atoms.
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