CN117195545A - Calculation method and device for formation time window and distribution range of hydrocarbon source rock and paste salt cover layer - Google Patents
Calculation method and device for formation time window and distribution range of hydrocarbon source rock and paste salt cover layer Download PDFInfo
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- CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular oxygen Chemical compound C.O=O CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
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Abstract
The disclosure provides a calculation method for forming a time window and a distribution range of a hydrocarbon source rock and a salt cover layer, comprising the following steps: carrying out chronology test analysis to determine a stratum fine chronology sequence; carrying out paleogeomagnetic test analysis and determining paleogeographic evolution history; performing stratum sedimentary facies analysis, developing archaic climate environment test analysis, and establishing macroscopic and fine archaic climate environment histories; and inputting the stratum fine age sequence, the historic geographic evolution, the macroscopic and fine paleoclimatic environment histories into a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climatic-ocean flow coupling model to carry out coupling analysis, obtaining a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climatic-ocean flow coupling relation under the definition of the selected stratum fine age, and determining a time window and a distribution range formed by the source rock and the salt cover layer. The present disclosure can reduce the cost and risk of geological exploration. From another angle, the formation of oil gas hydrocarbon source rock and a paste salt cover layer, the interpretation and prediction of the distribution range are scientifically realized, and the breakthrough of regional oil gas exploration is promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of oil and gas resource exploration, in particular to a calculation method for forming a time window and a distribution range of a hydrocarbon source rock and a paste salt cover layer.
Background
The oil-gas geological conditions of the China are similar to those of adjacent middle east and southeast Asia oil-gas regions, the China is a new region with huge potential of oil-gas resources and most hopeful exploration breakthrough, but the general research degree is lower at present, and the breakthrough of oil-gas resource exploration is limited.
Hydrocarbon source rock is one of the main sources of oil and gas, and hydrocarbon materials are released by heat generation or pressure to form oil and gas fields. The organic matter of the hydrocarbon source rock undergoes a kerogen stage, a maturity stage and a coking stage in the deep burying process, and finally hydrocarbon substances are formed. The ointment salt is an oil gas cover layer, so that oil gas is prevented from escaping. Oil and gas fields are often made up of three parts, source rock, reservoir rock and overburden rock. Under the combined influence of geologic structure movement and depositional effects, these rocks form hydrocarbon-bearing geologic structure units.
One of the objectives of hydrocarbon resource exploration is to find out the time window and distribution range of formation of high quality hydrocarbon source rock and salt cover layer. Finding source rock and salt covers typically requires geological and geophysical exploration. Geological exploration includes surface geological surveys and rock sampling analysis to determine the presence and distribution of hydrocarbon source rocks and salt-bearing formations. Geophysical prospecting is the search for hydrocarbon reservoir rock, salt and overburden by detecting physical properties of subsurface materials such as density, electromagnetic, acoustic, etc. Common geophysical prospecting methods include earth, magnetic, electrical, and gravitational geophysical prospecting techniques.
Prior to geological exploration, macroscopic basin construction grids and lithofacies paleogeographic features and analysis of the basic petroleum geologic conditions of the reservoir are typically required. These analyses are broad and insufficient to discover the mechanisms and environment of formation of premium source rocks and salt covers, preservation conditions, and structural deformation patterns.
Thus, conventional methods of finding hydrocarbon source rocks and salt covers are generally time consuming, capital and resource intensive, and cannot accurately predict the distribution and properties of the reservoir. Because the traditional method can only provide limited information, the situation of the reservoir cannot be comprehensively known, and exploration risks exist. These weak points severely restrict breakthroughs in oil and gas resource exploration in some areas, and more angles are needed for definition.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure provides a method for calculating a time window and a distribution range for formation of a hydrocarbon source rock and a salt cover layer. The method is to lock the conditions for forming the hydrocarbon source rock and the salt cover layer according to the continental-atmospheric flow-climate-ocean flow coupling model. Specifically, the method comprises the steps of quantitatively reconstructing a geoconstruction evolution process through a system paleomagnetism method, a paleoclimatology method and an chronology method, obtaining relevant paleoclimatic environment records, and then calculating a time window and a distribution range for formation of hydrocarbon source rocks and paste salts according to a continental-atmospheric circulation-climate-ocean current coupling model. Greatly reduces the cost and risk of geological exploration. Meanwhile, scientificalness of formation of oil gas source rock and a paste salt cover layer and explanation and prediction of distribution range are realized, and breakthrough of regional oil gas exploration is promoted.
In order to solve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that this disclosure provides is as follows:
a calculation method for a time window and a distribution range of formation of a hydrocarbon source rock and a salt cover layer comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a representative profile over a selected range of locations;
s2: collecting different horizon chronology samples, paleogeomagnetic samples and paleoclimatic environment samples in a representative section, wherein the chronology samples comprise volcanic substance chronology samples and sedimentary rock chronology samples, and the different horizons comprise volcanic horizon, volcanic ash horizon and sedimentary rock horizon;
s3: based on the chronology sample, carrying out chronology test analysis to determine a stratum fine chronology sequence, wherein the stratum fine chronology sequence comprises a series of stratum fine chronologies;
s4: based on the paleo-geomagnetic sample, performing paleo-geomagnetic test analysis, and determining paleo-geographic evolution history, wherein the paleo-geographic evolution history comprises continental morphology and paleo-geographic position;
s5: carrying out stratum sedimentary facies analysis based on stratum sections, carrying out archaic climate environment test analysis based on archaic climate environment samples, and establishing macroscopic and fine archaic climate environment histories;
s6: inputting a stratum fine age sequence, an ancient geographic evolution history, a macroscopic and fine ancient climate environment history into a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean current coupling model, and carrying out coupling analysis to obtain a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean current coupling relation under the limitation of the selected stratum fine age, wherein the continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean current coupling model comprises an ancient geographic evolution history, an atmospheric ring flow pattern, an ancient climate characteristic and an ancient ocean current pattern;
s7: the formation time window and distribution range of the hydrocarbon source rock and the salt cover layer are determined based on the continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean flow coupling relation under the definition of the stratum fine age.
Preferably, the selecting a representative section of S1 within the selected range includes:
s101: selecting an area with a hydrocarbon source rock display;
s102: and taking out the stratum from which the dew reaches the preset requirement.
Preferably, the step S2 of collecting the chronology sample, the paleogeomagnetic sample and the paleoclimatic environment sample in a representative section includes:
s201: establishing a macroscopic stratum age frame on the representative section;
s202: based on the macroscopic stratum chronology frame, chronology samples and paleogeomagnetic samples are respectively collected for the stratum according to different layers;
s203: and collecting an ancient climatic environment sample in the stratum exposed to reach the preset requirement.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
the volcanic material chronology sample comprises a volcanic rock sample and a volcanic ash sample;
the sedimentary rock chronology sample comprises a sedimentary rock isotope chronology sample, a fossil sample and a paleogeomagnetic chronology sample;
the paleo-magnetic sample comprises a volcanic rock sample, a volcanic ash sample and a sedimentary rock sample;
the paleoclimatic environment samples include sedimentary rock samples.
Preferably, the step S3 of determining the stratum fine chronology sequence based on the chronology sample and performing chronology test analysis includes:
s301: performing isotope chronology test analysis on the volcanic material chronology sample to obtain fine ages of volcanic rock layers and volcanic ash layers;
s302: carrying out U-Pb chronology test analysis on the sedimentary rock chronology sample to obtain the lower limit age of sedimentary rock formation position sediment;
s303: carrying out fossil chronology analysis on the sedimentary rock chronology sample to obtain the macroscopic year of the fossil horizon;
s304: carrying out ancient geomagnetic chronology analysis on the sedimentary rock chronology sample to obtain a macroscopic or fine chronology sequence of the sedimentary rock horizon;
s305: and comprehensively analyzing the fine age of the volcanic layer and the volcanic ash layer, the lower limit age of the sedimentary rock layer, the macroscopic age of the fossil layer and the macroscopic or fine age sequence of the sedimentary rock layer, and finally determining the stratum fine age sequence.
Preferably, the step S4 of performing the test analysis of the paleogeomagnetism based on the paleogeomagnetic sample to determine the paleogeographic evolution history includes:
s401: carrying out detailed demagnetizing analysis on the paleogeomagnetic sample to obtain the characteristic remanence direction of the sample;
s402: determining whether the characteristic remanence direction of the sample is native or not through petrography analysis, petromagnetism analysis and field geology test based on the paleogeomagnetic sample, wherein the petromagnetism analysis comprises hysteresis loop, K-T curve, IRM obtaining curve or FORC graph, and the field geology test comprises fold test, gravel test, inversion test and baking test;
s403: based on the characteristic remanence direction of the sample, carrying out long-term average of volcanic geomagnetic field and E/I shallowing correction analysis of sedimentary rock, limiting the space distribution condition of land parcels, and determining the historic geographic evolution.
Preferably, the step S5 of performing a stratum sedimentary phase analysis based on the stratum profile, performing a paleo-climate environment test analysis based on a paleo-climate environment sample, and establishing macroscopic and fine paleo-climate environment histories includes:
s501: obtaining a macroscopic deposition environment evolution history through stratum deposition phase analysis;
s502: obtaining paleosalinity by analyzing the composition of minerals, especially B and trace elements, of the paleoclimatic environment sample;
s503: performing oxygen isotope analysis on clusters of carbonate minerals on the archaic climate environment sample to obtain archaic temperature;
s504: the CIA research is carried out on the ancient climatic environment sample to obtain the ancient dry humidity and the ancient weathered degree;
s505: obtaining the ancient organic matter content through biomarker analysis, wherein the biomarker comprises TOC, carbon-oxygen isotopes and the like;
s506: the macroscopic and fine paleo-climate environment history is reconstructed by combining the paleo-salinity, paleo-temperature, gu Gan humidity, paleo-weathering intensity and paleo-organic matter content with the macroscopic deposition environment evolution history.
Preferably, the step S6 of inputting the stratum fine generation sequence, the historic geographic evolution, the macroscopic and fine paleoclimatic environment historic, and the coupling model of continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean flow, performing coupling analysis to obtain a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean flow coupling relationship under the definition of the fine age of the selected stratum, includes:
s601: inputting a stratum fine generation sequence, an ancient geographic evolution history, a macroscopic and fine ancient climate environment history into a continental-atmospheric flow-climate-ocean flow coupling model to obtain an atmospheric flow pattern and an ancient ocean flow pattern;
s602: positioning the current period and the position on the continental shelf according to the determined continental morphology and the paleogeographic position, the atmospheric ring flow pattern and the paleocurrent pattern and the macroscopic and fine paleoclimate environment history;
s603: determining a drought and hot climate event period and a position according to the determined continental morphology, the determined ancient geographic position, the determined atmospheric flow pattern and the determined ancient ocean flow pattern;
s604: and inputting a coupling model of continental-atmospheric flow-climate-ocean current according to the atmospheric flow pattern and the ancient ocean current pattern, the period and the position of the gust on the continental frame and the period and the position of the arid and hot climate event, and obtaining a coupling relation of continental-atmospheric flow-climate-ocean current.
Preferably, the determining the time window and the distribution range of the formation of the hydrocarbon source rock and the salt cover layer based on the coupling relation of continental-atmospheric ring flow, climate and ocean flow under the definition of the fine age of the stratum in S7 comprises:
s701: determining a time window and a distribution range of formation of the source rock based on the period and the position of the current on the continental shelf in the coupling relation of continental-atmospheric current-climate-ocean current;
s702: determining a time window and a distribution range of the formation of the paste salt cover layer based on the arid and hot weather event time period and the position in the coupling relation of continental-atmospheric circulation-climate-ocean current;
s703: and performing coupling analysis on the formation time window and the distribution range of the source rock and the formation time window and the distribution range of the paste salt cover layer, and determining the formation time window and the distribution range of the source rock and the paste salt cover layer.
A computing device for forming a time window and distribution range for a source rock and a salt cover layer, comprising:
section selection unit: for selecting a representative profile over a selected range of locations;
sampling unit: for collecting, in a representative profile, different chronologic samples including a volcanic material chronologic sample and a sedimentary rock chronologic sample, a paleogeomagnetic sample, and a paleoclimatic environment sample, the different horizons including volcanic horizon, volcanic ash horizon, and sedimentary rock horizon;
chronology unit: the method comprises the steps of performing chronology test analysis based on chronology samples to determine a stratum fine chronology sequence, wherein the stratum fine chronology sequence comprises a series of stratum fine chronologies;
ancient geomagnetic unit: the method comprises the steps of carrying out test analysis of paleogeomagnetism based on paleogeomagnetism samples, and determining paleogeographic evolution history, wherein the paleogeographic evolution history comprises continental morphology and paleogeographic position;
ancient climate environment unit: for performing a formation sedimentary facies analysis based on the formation profile; based on the ancient climatic environment samples, carrying out the test analysis of the ancient climatic environment, and establishing macroscopic and fine ancient climatic environment histories;
coupling model unit: the method comprises the steps of inputting a stratum fine age sequence, an ancient geographic evolution history, macroscopic and fine ancient climate environment histories into a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean flow coupling model, and carrying out coupling analysis to obtain a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean flow coupling relation under the definition of a selected stratum fine age, wherein the continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean flow coupling model comprises an ancient geographic evolution history, an atmospheric ring flow pattern, an ancient climate characteristic and an ancient ocean flow pattern;
coupling range unit: for determining the time window and distribution range of formation of hydrocarbon source rock and salt cover layer based on the continental-atmospheric flow-climatic-ocean flow coupling relation under the definition of stratum fine age.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has at least the following beneficial effects:
the scheme is different from the traditional oil and gas exploration and research, and scientifically explaining and predicting the formation and distribution range of oil and gas source rock and a paste salt cover layer is realized from another angle, so that breakthrough of regional oil and gas exploration is promoted. Because marine premium hydrocarbon source rocks and salts are the product of a combination of structure-climate-ocean currents and basin evolution, they are coupled under specific geological, geochemical and biochemical environments. Potential oilfield zones are typically in paleogeographic locations and paleoclimatic environments for a specific historical period. For example, in a dry and hot area, and in a shallow sea land frame area rich in organic matter where upwelling currents are located. The coupling of these factors determines the formation of a large number of premium source rocks or overburden salts. The continental-atmospheric-climatic-ocean-current coupling model defines these coupling conditions in a fine-grained manner. Therefore, the continental-atmospheric flow-climate-ocean flow coupling model is utilized to predict the formation and distribution range of the oil-gas hydrocarbon source rock and the paste salt cover layer, so that a large amount of exploration resources can be saved, exploration risks are reduced, and the breakthrough of oil-gas resource exploration is assisted from another angle.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating a time window and distribution range for formation of a hydrocarbon source rock and a salt-gypsum cap layer provided by the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coupling relationship between continental-atmospheric flow-climate-ocean flow provided by the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a specific time period greater than Liu Gu geographic location-atmospheric flow-archaic climate-ocean current coupling versus hydrocarbon source rock and salt cap layer definition provided by the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a computing device for source rock and salt-gypsum cap formation time window and distribution range provided by the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without the need for inventive faculty, are within the scope of the present disclosure, based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used in this disclosure, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Likewise, the terms "a," "an," or "the" and similar terms do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
It should be noted that "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "rear", and the like are used in this disclosure only to indicate a relative positional relationship, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationship may be changed accordingly.
The present disclosure provides a systematic way to interpret and predict hydrocarbon source rock and salt cap coverage against the problem that conventional methods of finding hydrocarbon source rock and salt cap are generally time consuming, capital and resource intensive, and cannot accurately predict reservoir distribution and properties prior to conducting extensive research. The method can finely calculate the formation time window and the distribution range of the hydrocarbon source rock and the salt cover layer.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for calculating a time window and a distribution range for formation of a hydrocarbon source rock and a salt cover layer, including the following steps:
s1: selecting a representative profile over a selected range of locations;
preferably, the S1 includes:
s101: selecting an area with a hydrocarbon source rock display;
s102: and taking out the stratum from which the dew reaches the preset requirement.
It should be noted that, the selection of the field stratum profile is an important step of collecting fresh paleogeomagnetic and paleoclimatic samples. The position of the section is required to be finally determined by combining the test analysis results of partial early field investigation and partial early sample on the basis of collecting and comprehensively analyzing the research data of the existing structure, geology, stratum, paleogeomagnetism and the like of the research area.
S2: collecting different horizon chronology samples, paleogeomagnetic samples and paleoclimatic environment samples in a representative section, wherein the chronology samples comprise volcanic substance chronology samples and sedimentary rock chronology samples, and the different horizons comprise volcanic horizon, volcanic ash horizon and sedimentary rock horizon;
preferably, the S2 includes:
s201: establishing a macroscopic stratum age frame on the representative section;
s202: based on the macroscopic stratum chronology frame, chronology samples and paleogeomagnetic samples are respectively collected for the stratum according to different layers;
s203: and collecting an ancient climatic environment sample in the stratum exposed to reach the preset requirement.
Preferably, the chronologic sample of volcanic material comprises a volcanic rock sample and a volcanic ash sample;
preferably, the chronology sample of sedimentary rock comprises an isotope chronology sample of sedimentary rock, a fossil sample and a geomagnetic chronology sample;
the paleo-magnetic sample comprises a volcanic rock sample, a volcanic ash sample and a sedimentary rock sample;
the paleoclimatic environment samples include sedimentary rock samples.
In the selected section, ancient geomagnetic samples and volcanic rock bodies mixed in the stratum are required to be drilled respectively according to different groups for collecting chronology samples; and properly collecting clastic zircon sandstone samples in the stratum lacking macroscopic volcanic rocks, and identifying and collecting suspected volcanic rock stratum by utilizing the newly established petromagnetism indexes. Meanwhile, the paleogeomagnetic samples for carrying out field tests such as fold test, gravel test and baking test are collected in places where conditions allow. And fossil (such as dinosaur, bivalve, spore powder, etc.) is collected, especially Composite fossil.
S3: based on the chronology sample, carrying out chronology test analysis to determine a stratum fine chronology sequence, wherein the stratum fine chronology sequence comprises a series of stratum fine chronologies;
preferably, the S3 includes:
s301: performing isotope chronology test analysis on the volcanic material chronology sample to obtain fine ages of volcanic rock layers and volcanic ash layers;
s302: carrying out U-Pb chronology test analysis on the sedimentary rock chronology sample to obtain the lower limit age of sedimentary rock formation position sediment;
s303: carrying out fossil chronology analysis on the sedimentary rock chronology sample to obtain the macroscopic year of the fossil horizon;
s304: and carrying out ancient geomagnetic chronology analysis on the sedimentary rock chronology sample to obtain a macroscopic or fine chronology sequence of the sedimentary rock horizon.
S305: and comprehensively analyzing the fine age of the volcanic layer and the volcanic ash layer, the lower limit age of the sedimentary rock layer, the macroscopic age of the fossil layer and the macroscopic or fine age sequence of the sedimentary rock layer, and finally determining the stratum fine age sequence.
Isotope annual measurement is a method for measuring the age of a geologic body by utilizing the nuclear decay law of radioactive elements. The established year-measuring method comprises the following steps: U-Pb method, K-Ar method, uranium unbalance method, ra method, 14C method, etc.
Fossil chronology analysis is the use of fossil to identify the age of a stratum.
It should be noted that the ancient geomagnetic chronology analysis refers to comparing the positive and negative direction change of the polarity of the characteristic remanence of the deposition sequence with the international standard magnetic polarity column, so as to establish a set of relative chronology frames for the stratum.
In some embodiments, the sequence of formations and their structural relationships are refined over a selected location range by detailed analysis of the sedimentary facies of the formations in the main attack profile, and systematic collection of chronologies (volcanic, sandstone (clastic zircon chronology) and biological fossils of the formations), paleo-climatic environments and paleo-geomagnetic samples.
Based on the comprehensive existing stratum sequence, performing zircon U-Pb chronology test analysis on the collected volcanic rock sample indoors; carrying out detailed identification analysis on paleobiological fossil samples collected in the stratum; performing a clastic zircon U-Pb chronology test analysis on the collected portion of the sandstone sample in the absence of other chronologically defined formations; and identifying potential volcanic ash deposition in the stratum by using the newly established petro-magnetic index, and carrying out isotope chronology measurement. The formation fine chronology sequence was determined by chronology analysis.
S4: based on the paleo-geomagnetic sample, performing paleo-geomagnetic test analysis, and determining paleo-geographic evolution history, wherein the paleo-geographic evolution history comprises continental morphology and paleo-geographic position;
preferably, the S4 includes:
s401: carrying out detailed demagnetizing analysis on the paleogeomagnetic sample to obtain the characteristic remanence direction of the sample;
s402: determining whether the characteristic remanence direction of the sample is native or not through petrography analysis, petromagnetism analysis and field geology test based on the paleogeomagnetic sample, wherein the petromagnetism analysis comprises hysteresis loop, K-T curve, IRM obtaining curve or FORC graph, and the field geology test comprises fold test, gravel test, inversion test and baking test;
s403: based on the characteristic remanence direction of the sample, carrying out long-term average of volcanic geomagnetic field and E/I shallowing correction analysis of sedimentary rock, limiting the space distribution condition of land parcels, and determining the historic geographic evolution.
It should be noted that the geomagnetic method provides convenience for accurately recovering the positions of different areas. The paleogeomagnetic data can be used to indicate whether the areas are adjacent areas.
In some embodiments, an ancient geography reconstruction map is established by using ancient geomagnetic data, firstly, a border of an ancient land block with relatively stable geological history period and a center reference point thereof are determined, and then the current azimuth, the ancient longitude and the ancient latitude of each block are determined; then, the land blocks are subjected to displacement restoration according to the ancient longitude, the ancient latitude and the ancient azimuth; and finally, drawing an ancient geography reconstruction map by using a map projection method.
S5: performing stratum sedimentary facies analysis based on stratum sections, performing archaeological environment test analysis based on archaeological environment samples, and establishing macroscopic and fine archaeological environment histories;
preferably, the step S5 includes:
s501: obtaining a macroscopic deposition environment evolution history through stratum deposition phase analysis;
s502: obtaining paleosalinity by analyzing the composition of minerals, especially B and trace elements, of the paleoclimatic environment sample;
s503: performing oxygen isotope analysis on clusters of carbonate minerals on the archaic climate environment sample to obtain archaic temperature;
s504: the CIA research is carried out on the ancient climatic environment sample to obtain the ancient dry humidity and the ancient weathered degree;
s505: obtaining the ancient organic matter content through biomarker analysis, wherein the biomarker comprises TOC, carbon-oxygen isotopes and the like;
s506: the macroscopic and fine paleo-climate environment history is reconstructed by combining the paleo-salinity, paleo-temperature, gu Gan humidity, paleo-weathering intensity and paleo-organic matter content with the macroscopic deposition environment evolution history.
The formation deposition characteristics refer to characteristics of rock type, thickness, color, contact relationship between formations, and the like of a certain formation in a certain region. By observing and analyzing the stratum deposit characteristics, the evolution process of the basin geological history can be traced.
It should be noted that, first, the chemical alteration index (CIA) is widely used as a chemical index for judging the chemical weathering degree of the source region.
S6: inputting a stratum fine age sequence, an ancient geographic evolution history, a macroscopic and fine ancient climate environment history into a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean current coupling model, and carrying out coupling analysis to obtain a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean current coupling relation under the limitation of the selected stratum fine age, wherein the continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean current coupling model comprises an ancient geographic evolution history, an atmospheric ring flow pattern, an ancient climate characteristic and an ancient ocean current pattern;
preferably, the step S6 includes:
s601: inputting a stratum fine generation sequence, an ancient geographic evolution history, a macroscopic and fine ancient climate environment history into a continental-atmospheric flow-climate-ocean flow coupling model to obtain an atmospheric flow pattern and an ancient ocean flow pattern;
s602: positioning the current period and the position on the continental shelf according to the determined continental morphology and the paleogeographic position, the atmospheric ring flow pattern and the paleocurrent pattern and the macroscopic and fine paleoclimate environment history;
s603: determining a drought and hot climate event period and a position according to the determined continental morphology, the determined ancient geographic position, the determined atmospheric flow pattern and the determined ancient ocean flow pattern;
s604: as shown in fig. 2, according to the atmospheric flow pattern and the ancient ocean current pattern, the period and the position of the gusts on the continental shelf and the period and the position of the arid and hot climatic events, a coupling model of continental-atmospheric flow-climatic-ocean current is input, and a coupling relation of continental-atmospheric flow-climatic-ocean current is obtained.
Note that the present disclosure uses Community Earth System Model version1.2.2 (CESM1.2.2), developed by the national atmospheric research center (NCAR), to implement a continental-atmospheric flow-climate-ocean flow coupling model. CESM1.2.2 contains 5 modules of atmosphere, sea, land, ocean currents, sea ice, etc., which are linked together by coupler interactions. According to the paleogeography of geological reconstruction, the concentration of atmospheric CO2 and the like as CESM1.2.2 boundary conditions, carrying out numerical simulation operation of atmospheric-ocean coupling, and determining the climate types of different positions of atmospheric flows and continents and the positions of upwelling currents on the ocean. .
In the model definition process, it should be noted that the planetary wind system mode is that under the ideal condition of no continent, the middle and low latitude is hadamard Lei Huanliu, and the equator damp heat and the auxiliary high dry heat; the middle and high wefts are Fei Leier circulation, and the western wind belt is wet. I.e. the geographical latitude determines the atmospheric flow pattern and the climate zone distribution. When the continental is added, the planetary wind system is broken, regional atmospheric circulation-auxiliary high air clusters are formed at the sea-land boundary and the periphery of the sea-land boundary, small land blocks are generally free of monsoon, the continental blocks are provided with monsoon, and super monsoon can be formed by the super continental; secondary high air pockets result in the summer continental east coast always being wet and the west coast always being arid; the auxiliary high air mass rotates clockwise in the northern hemisphere and anticlockwise in the southern hemisphere, so that ocean currents can be driven to flow in a corresponding rotating mode, when the ocean currents meet the land, the ocean currents can move upwards or downwards along the coastline of the continental coast, and then the ocean currents can deviate from the land due to rotation or a planetary wind system and the like, and then upward current can occur. Namely, the continental position and shape are coupled with the atmospheric flow, and the position of the ocean current pattern such as the upwelling current is determined.
In some embodiments, upwelling locations may be used to define hydrocarbon source rock horizons, primarily because upwelling of ocean currents may result in rich nutrients, resulting in increased organic enrichment of ocean productivity, facilitating the formation of premium hydrocarbon source rock. That is, the coupling of the continental and atmospheric flows may define upwelling flows to define hydrocarbon source rock horizons and ranges, and the precise age of the formation may further define a time window for the hydrocarbon source rock horizons.
S7: the formation time window and distribution range of the hydrocarbon source rock and the salt cover layer are determined based on the continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean flow coupling relation under the definition of the stratum fine age.
Preferably, the step S7 includes:
s701: as shown in fig. 3, a hydrocarbon source rock formation window and a distribution range are determined based on the period and the position of the current on the continental shelf in the coupling relationship of continental-atmospheric flow-climate-ocean flow of a certain period;
s702: as shown in fig. 3, determining a window and a distribution range of the salt-paste cover layer formation based on drought and hot weather event periods and positions in a coupling relationship of continental-atmospheric flow-climate-ocean flow for a certain period;
s703: and performing coupling analysis on the formation time window and the distribution range of the source rock and the formation time window and the distribution range of the paste salt cover layer, and determining the formation time window and the distribution range of the source rock and the paste salt cover layer.
The hydrocarbon source rock formation time window and the distribution range indicate certain hydrocarbon formation conditions. The salt cover layer also indicates certain hydrocarbon formation conditions. Meanwhile, the aim of coupling analysis on the formation time window and the distribution range of the hydrocarbon source rock and the formation time window and the distribution range of the paste salt cover layer is to more accurately determine the oil gas formation condition and the space-time range.
The foregoing is a description of embodiments of the method, and the following further describes embodiments of the present disclosure through examples of apparatus.
As shown in fig. 4, a computing device for forming a time window and a distribution range of a hydrocarbon source rock and a salt cover layer, comprising:
section selection unit: for selecting a representative profile over a selected range of locations;
sampling unit: for collecting, in a representative profile, different chronologic samples including a volcanic material chronologic sample and a sedimentary rock chronologic sample, a paleogeomagnetic sample, and a paleoclimatic environment sample, the different horizons including volcanic horizon, volcanic ash horizon, and sedimentary rock horizon;
chronology unit: the method comprises the steps of performing chronology test analysis based on chronology samples to determine a stratum fine chronology sequence, wherein the stratum fine chronology sequence comprises a series of stratum fine chronologies;
ancient geomagnetic unit: the method comprises the steps of carrying out test analysis of paleogeomagnetism based on paleogeomagnetism samples, and determining paleogeographic evolution history, wherein the paleogeographic evolution history comprises continental morphology and paleogeographic position;
ancient climate environment unit: for performing a formation sedimentary facies analysis based on the formation profile; based on the ancient climatic environment samples, carrying out the test analysis of the ancient climatic environment, and establishing macroscopic and fine ancient climatic environment histories;
coupling model unit: the method comprises the steps of inputting a stratum fine age sequence, an ancient geographic evolution history, macroscopic and fine ancient climate environment histories into a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean flow coupling model, and carrying out coupling analysis to obtain a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean flow coupling relation under the definition of a selected stratum fine age, wherein the continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean flow coupling model comprises an ancient geographic evolution history, an atmospheric ring flow pattern, an ancient climate characteristic and an ancient ocean flow pattern;
coupling range unit: for determining the time window and distribution range of formation of hydrocarbon source rock and salt cover layer based on the continental-atmospheric flow-climatic-ocean flow coupling relation under the definition of stratum fine age.
The following points need to be described:
(1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure relate only to the structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure, and other structures may refer to the general design.
(2) In the drawings for describing embodiments of the present disclosure, the thickness of layers or regions is exaggerated or reduced for clarity, i.e., the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be "directly on" or "under" the other element or intervening elements may be present.
(3) The embodiments of the present disclosure and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other to arrive at a new embodiment without conflict.
The above is merely a specific embodiment of the disclosure, but the protection scope of the disclosure should not be limited thereto, and the protection scope of the disclosure should be subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for calculating a time window and a distribution range for formation of a hydrocarbon source rock and a salt cover layer, comprising the steps of:
s1: selecting a representative profile over a selected range of locations;
s2: collecting different horizon chronology samples, paleogeomagnetic samples and paleoclimatic environment samples in a representative section, wherein the chronology samples comprise volcanic substance chronology samples and sedimentary rock chronology samples, and the different horizons comprise volcanic horizon, volcanic ash horizon and sedimentary rock horizon;
s3: based on the chronology sample, carrying out chronology test analysis to determine a stratum fine chronology sequence, wherein the stratum fine chronology sequence comprises a series of stratum fine chronologies;
s4: based on the paleo-geomagnetic sample, performing paleo-geomagnetic test analysis, and determining paleo-geographic evolution history, wherein the paleo-geographic evolution history comprises continental morphology and paleo-geographic position;
s5: carrying out stratum sedimentary facies analysis based on stratum sections, carrying out archaic climate environment test analysis based on archaic climate environment samples, and establishing macroscopic and fine archaic climate environment histories;
s6: inputting a stratum fine age sequence, an ancient geographic evolution history, a macroscopic and fine ancient climate environment history into a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean current coupling model, and carrying out coupling analysis to obtain a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean current coupling relation under the limitation of the selected stratum fine age, wherein the continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean current coupling model comprises an ancient geographic evolution history, an atmospheric ring flow pattern, an ancient climate characteristic and an ancient ocean current pattern;
s7: the formation time window and distribution range of the hydrocarbon source rock and the salt cover layer are determined based on the continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean flow coupling relation under the definition of the stratum fine age.
2. The method of calculating a time window and distribution range for formation of hydrocarbon source rock and salt cover according to claim 1, wherein S1 is selected from a representative profile within a selected range, comprising:
s101: selecting an area with a hydrocarbon source rock display;
s102: and selecting a stratum with exposure reaching the preset requirement.
3. The method for calculating the time window and the distribution range of the formation of the hydrocarbon source rock and the salt cover layer according to claim 1, wherein the step of collecting the chronology sample, the paleogeomagnetic sample and the paleoclimatic environment sample in the representative section of S2 comprises the following steps:
s201: establishing a macroscopic stratum age frame on the representative section;
s202: based on the macroscopic stratum chronology frame, chronology samples and paleogeomagnetic samples are respectively collected for the stratum according to different layers;
s203: and collecting an ancient climatic environment sample in the stratum exposed to reach the preset requirement.
4. A method of calculating a time window and distribution range for formation of a hydrocarbon source rock and a salt cover layer according to claim 3, further comprising:
the volcanic material chronology sample comprises a volcanic rock sample and a volcanic ash sample;
the sedimentary rock chronology sample comprises a sedimentary rock isotope chronology sample, a fossil sample and a paleogeomagnetic chronology sample;
the paleo-magnetic sample comprises a volcanic rock sample, a volcanic ash sample and a sedimentary rock sample;
the paleoclimatic environment samples include sedimentary rock samples.
5. The method for calculating a time window and a distribution range for formation of a hydrocarbon source rock and a salt cover layer according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing chronology test analysis based on the chronology sample of S3 to determine a formation fine chronology sequence comprises:
s301: performing isotope chronology test analysis on the volcanic material chronology sample to obtain fine ages of volcanic rock layers and volcanic ash layers;
s302: carrying out U-Pb chronology test analysis on the sedimentary rock chronology sample to obtain the lower limit age of sedimentary rock formation position sediment;
s303: carrying out fossil chronology analysis on the sedimentary rock chronology sample to obtain the macroscopic year of the fossil horizon;
s304: carrying out ancient geomagnetic chronology analysis on the sedimentary rock chronology sample to obtain a macroscopic or fine chronology sequence of the sedimentary rock horizon;
s305: and comprehensively analyzing the fine age of the volcanic layer and the volcanic ash layer, the lower limit age of the sedimentary rock layer, the macroscopic age of the fossil layer and the macroscopic or fine age sequence of the sedimentary rock layer, and finally determining the stratum fine age sequence.
6. The method for calculating the time window and the distribution range formed by the hydrocarbon source rock and the salt cover layer according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 of performing the test analysis of the paleogeomagnetism based on the paleogeomagnetic sample to determine the paleogeographic evolution history comprises the following steps:
s401: carrying out detailed demagnetizing analysis on the paleogeomagnetic sample to obtain the characteristic remanence direction of the sample;
s402: determining whether the characteristic remanence direction of the sample is native or not through petrography analysis, petromagnetism analysis and field geology test based on the paleogeomagnetic sample, wherein the petromagnetism analysis comprises hysteresis loop, K-T curve, IRM obtaining curve or FORC graph, and the field geology test comprises fold test, gravel test, inversion test and baking test;
s403: based on the characteristic remanence direction of the sample, carrying out long-term average of volcanic geomagnetic field and E/I shallowing correction analysis of sedimentary rock, limiting the space distribution condition of land parcels, and determining the historic geographic evolution.
7. The method for calculating the formation time window and distribution range of the hydrocarbon source rock and the salt cover layer according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 of performing the analysis of the stratum sedimentary facies based on the paleo-climate environment sample, performing the test analysis of paleo-climate environment, and establishing the macroscopic and fine paleo-climate environment history comprises:
s501: obtaining a macroscopic deposition environment evolution history through stratum deposition phase analysis;
s502: obtaining paleosalinity by analyzing the composition of minerals, especially B and trace elements, of the paleoclimatic environment sample;
s503: performing oxygen isotope analysis on clusters of carbonate minerals on the archaic climate environment sample to obtain archaic temperature;
s504: the CIA research is carried out on the ancient climatic environment sample to obtain the ancient dry humidity and the ancient weathered degree;
s505: obtaining the ancient organic matter content through biomarker analysis, wherein the biomarker comprises TOC, carbon-oxygen isotopes and the like;
s506: the macroscopic and fine paleo-climate environment history is reconstructed by combining the paleo-salinity, paleo-temperature, gu Gan humidity, paleo-weathering intensity and paleo-organic matter content with the macroscopic deposition environment evolution history.
8. The method for calculating the formation time window and distribution range of the hydrocarbon source rock and the salt cover layer according to claim 1, wherein the step S6 of inputting the stratum fine generation sequence, the historic geographic evolution, the macroscopic and fine paleoclimatic environment historic, the continental-atmospheric ring stream-climatic-ocean stream coupling model, and performing coupling analysis to obtain the continental-atmospheric ring stream-climatic-ocean stream coupling relation under the limitation of the selected stratum fine age comprises:
s601: inputting a stratum fine generation sequence, an ancient geographic evolution history, a macroscopic and fine ancient climate environment history into a continental-atmospheric flow-climate-ocean flow coupling model to obtain an atmospheric flow pattern and an ancient ocean flow pattern;
s602: positioning the current period and the position on the continental shelf according to the determined continental morphology and the paleogeographic position, the atmospheric ring flow pattern and the paleocurrent pattern and the macroscopic and fine paleoclimate environment history;
s603: determining a drought and hot climate event period and a position according to the determined continental morphology, the determined ancient geographic position, the determined atmospheric flow pattern and the determined ancient ocean flow pattern;
s604: and inputting a coupling model of continental-atmospheric flow-climate-ocean current according to the atmospheric flow pattern and the ancient ocean current pattern, the period and the position of the gust on the continental frame and the period and the position of the arid and hot climate event, and obtaining a coupling relation of continental-atmospheric flow-climate-ocean current.
9. The method for calculating the formation time window and distribution range of the hydrocarbon source rock and the salt cover according to claim 7, wherein the determining the formation time window and distribution range of the hydrocarbon source rock and the salt cover based on the continental-atmospheric ring-climate-ocean ring coupling relationship under the definition of the fine age of the stratum S7 comprises:
s701: determining a time window and a distribution range of formation of the source rock based on the period and the position of the current on the continental shelf in the coupling relation of continental-atmospheric current-climate-ocean current;
s702: determining a time window and a distribution range of the formation of the paste salt cover layer based on the arid and hot weather event time period and the position in the coupling relation of continental-atmospheric circulation-climate-ocean current;
s703: and performing coupling analysis on the formation time window and the distribution range of the source rock and the formation time window and the distribution range of the paste salt cover layer, and determining the formation time window and the distribution range of the source rock and the paste salt cover layer.
10. A computing device for forming a time window and distribution range for a source rock and a salt cover layer, comprising:
section selection unit: for selecting a representative profile over a selected range of locations;
sampling unit: for collecting, in a representative profile, different chronologic samples including a volcanic material chronologic sample and a sedimentary rock chronologic sample, a paleogeomagnetic sample, and a paleoclimatic environment sample, the different horizons including volcanic horizon, volcanic ash horizon, and sedimentary rock horizon;
ancient times study unit: the method comprises the steps of performing chronology test analysis based on chronology samples to determine a stratum fine chronology sequence, wherein the stratum fine chronology sequence comprises a series of stratum fine chronologies;
ancient geomagnetic unit: the method comprises the steps of carrying out test analysis of paleogeomagnetism based on paleogeomagnetism samples, and determining paleogeographic evolution history, wherein the paleogeographic evolution history comprises continental morphology and paleogeographic position;
ancient climate environment unit: the method is used for carrying out stratum sedimentary facies analysis based on the paleo-climate environment sample, carrying out paleo-climate environment test analysis and establishing macroscopic and fine paleo-climate environment histories;
coupling model unit: the method comprises the steps of inputting a stratum fine age sequence, an ancient geographic evolution history, macroscopic and fine ancient climate environment histories into a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean flow coupling model, and carrying out coupling analysis to obtain a continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean flow coupling relation under the definition of a selected stratum fine age, wherein the continental-atmospheric ring flow-climate-ocean flow coupling model comprises an ancient geographic evolution history, an atmospheric ring flow pattern, an ancient climate characteristic and an ancient ocean flow pattern;
coupling range unit: for determining the time window and distribution range of formation of hydrocarbon source rock and salt cover layer based on the continental-atmospheric flow-climatic-ocean flow coupling relation under the definition of stratum fine age.
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