CN117117876B - Power grid full-element resource coordination control method and system - Google Patents
Power grid full-element resource coordination control method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for controlling the coordination of all-element resources of a power grid, which relate to the technical field of power grid systems and comprise the following steps: obtaining an information transfer mode among all devices in a power grid, taking all the devices in the power grid as graph nodes, constructing connection edges among the graph nodes, constructing a power grid topological graph corresponding to the power grid based on the graph nodes and the connection edges, determining node weights corresponding to the graph nodes and edge weights corresponding to the connection edges by combining node characteristics of the graph nodes and line characteristics corresponding to the connection edges, and determining a tide equation of the power grid topological graph according to electric parameters of the power grid; according to a tide equation, determining the power consumption of a plurality of lines in a power grid to construct a consumption objective function, constructing a cost objective function according to cost information corresponding to each device in the power grid, solving the consumption objective function and the cost objective function through a multi-objective optimization algorithm by combining a first constraint condition and a second constraint condition, and determining a coordination control strategy corresponding to the power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power grid systems, in particular to a method and a system for controlling all-element resource coordination of a power grid.
Background
With the continuous development of industry, a large number of industrial and agricultural equipment are widely connected, the life electricity consumption of urban and rural residents is promoted year by year, and the wide use of various electric energy pollution equipment brings a large amount of energy consumption loss to a power grid, so that an urban and rural power distribution network is a main part of the energy loss of an electric power system. In addition, along with the development of modern power grids and the change of load constitution, the power quality problem has attracted high importance to both power supply and power consumption, and modern society has gradually become the knowledge economic age that takes high-tech technology as the guide, and information users who are sensitive to power quality become mainstream, and the requirements on power supply reliability are higher and higher.
In the related art, CN109687449a discloses a micro-grid coordinated control device and a control method, and aims to solve the technical problem of reducing the power generation cost and the operation cost of the micro-grid. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: determining a micro-grid model, determining constraint conditions, performing a differential evolution algorithm to obtain the actual output active power of each micro-source, and sending a signal to a micro-source controller for micro-source execution. The micro-grid coordination control device is provided with a multi-micro-source coordination control module, and the multi-micro-source coordination control module performs coordination control and protection on the micro-grid and performs a differential evolution algorithm.
CN115864351a discloses a hierarchical coordinated control method for a direct current micro-grid, which performs hierarchical control on the direct current micro-grid according to different control targets and time scales, including bottom layer control and upper layer control; in the bottom layer control, the energy storage unit is used for leading and adjusting, and the sagging control based on bus voltage signals is adopted to realize the power distribution of each unit converter of the system and maintain the bus voltage stable; the upper control introduces secondary control, compares the output voltage average value with the rated value of the bus voltage, and obtains the voltage compensation amount information by outputting the error amount obtained by the difference through the voltage regulator.
In summary, in the prior art, although the coordination control of the power grid can be realized by monitoring and analyzing part of parameters and equipment in the power grid, the related parameters and equipment of the power grid cannot be comprehensively considered, so that all elements of the power grid are considered and the power grid is coordinated and controlled according to all the elements, so that more accurate adjustment control of the power grid is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for controlling the coordination of all-element resources of a power grid, which can at least solve part of problems in the prior art.
In a first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a method for controlling power grid full-element resource coordination is provided, including:
acquiring an information transfer mode among all devices in a power grid, taking all the devices in the power grid as graph nodes, constructing connection edges among the graph nodes on the basis of the information transfer mode among all the devices, and constructing a power grid topological graph corresponding to the power grid on the basis of the graph nodes and the connection edges;
determining node weights corresponding to the graph nodes and edge weights corresponding to the connecting edges according to the node characteristics of the graph nodes and the line characteristics corresponding to the connecting edges on the basis of the power grid topological graph, and determining a tide equation of the power grid topological graph according to the electrical parameters of the power grid;
according to the tide equation, determining the power consumption of a plurality of lines in the power grid to construct a consumption objective function, constructing a cost objective function according to cost information corresponding to each device in the power grid, combining a first constraint condition corresponding to the consumption objective function and a second constraint condition corresponding to the cost objective function, solving the consumption objective function and the cost objective function through a multi-objective optimization algorithm, and determining a coordination control strategy corresponding to the power grid.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the determining, based on the power grid topological graph, node weights corresponding to the graph nodes and edge weights corresponding to the connecting edges in combination with node characteristics of the graph nodes and line characteristics corresponding to the connecting edges, and determining a tide equation of the power grid topological graph according to the electrical parameters of the power grid includes:
determining the connection degree corresponding to each graph node based on an adjacent matrix corresponding to each graph node in the power grid topological graph and the number of connecting edges directly connected with each graph node, and determining the node weight corresponding to each graph node according to the corresponding relation between the connection degree and the node weight;
determining the edge weight corresponding to the connecting edge based on the rated capacity of the actual line corresponding to the connecting edge in the power grid topological graph and the capacity weight distributed for the rated capacity, and the line impedance of the actual line corresponding to the connecting edge and the impedance weight distributed for the line impedance;
and according to the node weight and the edge weight, determining an active power component and a reactive power component of the tidal power corresponding to the graph node by combining the voltage amplitude, admittance and impedance corresponding to the graph node and a phase angle difference value of the graph node.
In an alternative embodiment, the determining the power flow equation of the power grid topology map includes:
wherein,P i representing graph nodesiThe active power component of the corresponding tidal current power,Q i representing graph nodesiReactive power components of the corresponding tidal power,Mrepresenting the number of nodes of the graph,W i 、W j 、W ij representing the graph nodes respectivelyi、jCorresponding node weights and graph nodesi，jThe edge weights corresponding to the connected edges of (c),V i 、V j representing the graph nodes respectivelyi、jThe corresponding magnitude of the voltage is that,G ij 、B ij representing the graph nodes respectivelyi，jThe admittance and the impedance between them,representing graph nodesi，jPhase angle difference between them.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the determining the power loss of the plurality of lines in the power grid according to the tide equation to construct a loss objective function comprises:
according to the tide equation, determining the voltage amplitude, the phase angle and the line impedance of each node in a plurality of lines in the power grid, and determining the active power consumption and the reactive power consumption corresponding to the plurality of lines in the power grid;
respectively distributing active loss weights for the active power losses, distributing reactive loss weights for the reactive power losses, and constructing a loss objective function:
wherein,Loss()the loss objective function is represented by a function of the loss, w p 、w q Respectively representing a power loss weight and a reactive loss weight,P loss 、Q loss active power loss and reactive power loss are respectively represented,Mrepresenting the number of nodes of the graph,V i 、V j representing the graph nodes respectivelyi、jThe corresponding magnitude of the voltage is that,、/>representing the graph nodes respectivelyi，jIs used to determine the phase angle of (c),B ij representing graph nodesi，jImpedance between;
the first constraint condition corresponding to the wear objective function includes:
the voltage of each node in a plurality of lines in the power grid cannot exceed a preset voltage amplitude range;
the capacity of the transformers in the multiple lines in the power grid cannot exceed a preset capacity range;
the frequency of each node in the lines in the power grid must not exceed a preset frequency range.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the constructing a cost objective function according to the cost information corresponding to each device in the power grid comprises the following steps:
determining the power generation output power corresponding to power generation equipment in the power grid and the power generation coefficient corresponding to the power generation output power;
the cost objective function is constructed by combining the fluctuation coefficient of renewable energy sources in the power grid, the aging value of each device in the power grid and the start-stop times corresponding to the power generation device:
wherein,C()the cost objective function is represented by a function of the cost, PRepresents the power output of the power generation,arepresents the power generation coefficient corresponding to the power generation output power,Rrepresenting the fluctuation coefficient of the renewable energy source,Tindicating the corresponding start-stop times of the power generation equipment,crepresents the start-stop coefficient corresponding to the start-stop times,Arepresenting the ageing values of the individual devices in the power network,drepresenting the aging coefficient;
the second constraint condition corresponding to the cost objective function includes:
the output range of the generated output power corresponding to the power generation equipment is between the minimum output power and the maximum output power;
the power balance between the power output power of the power generation equipment and the load demand power is maintained;
the corresponding start-stop times of the power generation equipment are smaller than the maximum start-stop times;
the aging value of each device in the power grid must not be lower than a preset aging threshold.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
solving the wear objective function and the cost objective function through a multi-objective optimization algorithm, wherein determining the coordination control strategy corresponding to the power grid comprises the following steps:
constructing parameters to be solved in the wear objective function and the cost objective function as an initialization population, dynamically setting a crossing rate and a variation rate based on a wear target value corresponding to the wear objective function and a cost target value corresponding to the cost objective function, performing crossing and variation operations on individuals in the initialization population based on the crossing rate and the variation rate, and selecting an individual with the highest fitness value from the individuals subjected to the crossing and variation operations as an initial optimal individual;
Introducing a greedy factor and a random factor, updating the positions and the speeds of individuals in the initialized population based on the greedy factor, and adding the random factor into the individuals with updated positions and speeds to construct a non-dominant solution set;
and determining the crowding degree distance of each element in the non-dominant solution set, sorting the elements in the non-dominant solution set according to the crowding degree distance, and taking the element with the forefront sorting as the coordination control strategy corresponding to the power grid.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the step of introducing greedy factors and random factors, the step of updating the positions and the speeds of the individuals in the initialized population based on the greedy factors, and the step of adding the random factors into the individuals with updated positions and speeds comprises the following steps:
wherein,x mn representing individualsmIn dimension ofnAt the position of the upper part of the frame,w 1 representing the greedy factor,Best mn representing individualsmIn dimension ofnAt the top of the historical best location,w 2 representing the weight of the random factor,Rand mn the random number is represented by a number,w 3 representing a sinusoidal functionAnd (5) factor weight.
In a second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a full-element resource coordination control system, including:
the first unit is used for acquiring information transfer modes among all devices in a power grid, taking all the devices in the power grid as graph nodes, constructing connection edges among the graph nodes on the basis of the information transfer modes among all the devices, and constructing a power grid topological graph corresponding to the power grid on the basis of the graph nodes and the connection edges;
The second unit is used for determining node weights corresponding to the graph nodes and edge weights corresponding to the connecting edges based on the power grid topological graph and combining the node characteristics of the graph nodes and the line characteristics corresponding to the connecting edges, and determining a tide equation of the power grid topological graph according to the electric parameters of the power grid;
and the third unit is used for determining the power consumption of a plurality of lines in the power grid to construct a consumption objective function according to the tide equation, constructing a cost objective function according to the cost information corresponding to each device in the power grid, solving the consumption objective function and the cost objective function through a multi-objective optimization algorithm by combining the first constraint condition corresponding to the consumption objective function and the second constraint condition corresponding to the cost objective function, and determining the coordination control strategy corresponding to the power grid.
In a third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention,
there is provided an electronic device including:
a processor;
a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;
wherein the processor is configured to invoke the instructions stored in the memory to perform the method described previously.
In a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present invention,
There is provided a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the method as described above.
According to the method, through a multi-objective optimization algorithm, the objectives of wear and cost in the power grid are considered, balance is found between the two objectives, the best solution is found more comprehensively and efficiently in a search space, each device in the power grid is abstracted into graph nodes, a connecting edge is constructed by utilizing an information transmission mode between the graph nodes, a power grid topological graph is formed, the association between the structure and the devices of the power grid can be comprehensively considered, a global view angle is provided for subsequent optimization, the complex electrical characteristics in the power system are considered according to the power grid topological graph and electrical parameters, and a mathematical foundation is provided for analysis of the system state.
In summary, the invention can improve the efficiency, stability and economy of the operation of the power grid, and provides an effective technical means for the optimized operation of the actual power system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling the coordination of all-element resources of a power grid according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid full-element resource coordination control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below by specific examples. The following embodiments may be combined with each other, and some embodiments may not be repeated for the same or similar concepts or processes.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling power grid full-element resource coordination according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
s1, acquiring an information transmission mode among all devices in a power grid, taking all the devices in the power grid as graph nodes, constructing connection edges among the graph nodes on the basis of the information transmission mode among all the devices, and constructing a power grid topological graph corresponding to the power grid on the basis of the graph nodes and the connection edges;
The power grid topological graph is used for representing the graphical representation of the connection relation between the devices in the power system, and the information transmission mode refers to the information transmission mode between the devices in the power system, and is mainly embodied on the transmission of power and the transmission of control signals.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the method comprises the steps of determining various devices such as a generator, a transformer, a switch device and the like in a power grid by checking design drawings of the power grid, performing field investigation or performing investigation and analysis on the power grid by using devices such as sensors, and determining an information transmission mode among the devices, wherein the information transmission mode mainly is to know how power signals are transmitted among the devices, such as a power line, a communication network and the like;
and taking each device as a node of the graph, wherein each node represents one device in the power grid, and establishing a connecting edge between the nodes in the graph according to the actual physical connection or information transfer mode between the devices, wherein the connecting edge between the nodes represents the information transfer mode between the devices. For example, if two devices are connected by a power line, there is a connecting edge between them.
And integrating all the nodes and the connecting edges to form a topological graph of the power grid, and determining whether the topological graph of the power grid is a directed graph or an undirected graph according to the directionality of information transfer between devices.
S2, determining node weights corresponding to the graph nodes and edge weights corresponding to the connecting edges based on the power grid topological graph and combining node characteristics of the graph nodes and line characteristics corresponding to the connecting edges, and determining a tide equation of the power grid topological graph according to the electrical parameters of the power grid;
the electric parameters refer to electric characteristic parameters of various elements (such as a circuit, a transformer, a generator and the like) in the electric power system, main electric parameters comprise admittance, resistance and reactance, the tide equation is a set of equations for describing the relation between current and voltage in the power grid, the tide calculation is a core part of analysis of the electric power system, and the voltage and current distribution condition of various nodes in the power grid can be obtained by solving the tide equation.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the determining, based on the power grid topological graph, node weights corresponding to the graph nodes and edge weights corresponding to the connecting edges in combination with node characteristics of the graph nodes and line characteristics corresponding to the connecting edges, and determining a tide equation of the power grid topological graph according to the electrical parameters of the power grid includes:
determining the connection degree corresponding to each graph node based on an adjacent matrix corresponding to each graph node in the power grid topological graph and the number of connecting edges directly connected with each graph node, and determining the node weight corresponding to each graph node according to the corresponding relation between the connection degree and the node weight;
Determining the edge weight corresponding to the connecting edge based on the rated capacity of the actual line corresponding to the connecting edge in the power grid topological graph and the capacity weight distributed for the rated capacity, and the line impedance of the actual line corresponding to the connecting edge and the impedance weight distributed for the line impedance;
and according to the node weight and the edge weight, determining an active power component and a reactive power component of the tidal power corresponding to the graph node by combining the voltage amplitude, admittance and impedance corresponding to the graph node and a phase angle difference value of the graph node.
Based on a power grid topological graph, a connection relation of graphs is represented by using an adjacency matrix, for each graph node, the number of connection edges directly connected with the graph node is calculated through the number of non-zero elements in the matrix, the number is the connection degree, the corresponding relation between the connection degree and the node weight is determined, wherein the nodes with higher connection degree are more likely to be given higher weight so as to reflect the importance of the nodes in a power system, the node weight of each graph node is calculated according to the connection degree, and the node weight can be calculated in a linear mapping mode.
The rated capacity of the actual circuit corresponding to the connecting side is obtained from the power grid topological graph, the capacity weight is allocated for the rated capacity, the circuit impedance of the actual circuit corresponding to the connecting side is obtained from the power grid topological graph, the impedance weight is allocated for the circuit impedance, the side weight corresponding to the connecting side is calculated by using the rated capacity, the capacity weight, the circuit impedance and the impedance weight, and the calculation mode can be obtained by multiplying the rated capacity by the capacity weight and multiplying the circuit impedance by the impedance weight, so that the calculation mode can be adaptively adjusted under different conditions and requirements.
Node information, side information, voltage amplitude and phase angle information corresponding to the nodes are obtained from the power grid topological graph, admittance and impedance information among the nodes are obtained, a tide equation is used for carrying out tide calculation, meanwhile, the influence of node weight and side weight is considered, and the active power component and the reactive power component of each node are calculated according to the result of the tide calculation.
The rated capacity is the maximum current or power that the line can bear, the capacity weight is a weight coefficient used for reflecting the contribution degree of the line capacity to the whole power grid, the line impedance is the obstruction degree of the line in the power grid to the current, and the line impedance is a weight coefficient used for reflecting the influence degree of the line impedance to the power grid.
In the embodiment, through construction of the power grid topological graph, the connection relation between all nodes in the power grid can be clearly expressed, comprehensive understanding of the power grid structure is facilitated, through combination of node characteristics and connection edge characteristics, according to electrical parameters, node weights corresponding to the nodes of the graph and edge weights corresponding to the connection edges are determined, importance of all the nodes and the connection edges in the system is reflected, and a tide equation is established through information of the power grid topological graph, the node weights and the edge weights. The tide equation is an important equation for describing the relation among voltage, current and power in the power system, is of great importance to the coordination control of all-element resources of the power grid, and in conclusion, the embodiment comprehensively understands the power grid structure and parameters and provides key support for the optimized operation of the power system.
In an alternative embodiment, the determining the power flow equation of the power grid topology map includes:
wherein,P i representing graph nodesiThe active power component of the corresponding tidal current power,Q i representing graph nodesiReactive power components of the corresponding tidal power,Mrepresenting the number of nodes of the graph,W i 、W j 、W ij representing the graph nodes respectivelyi、jCorresponding node weights and graph nodesi，jThe edge weights corresponding to the connected edges of (c),V i 、V j representing the graph nodes respectivelyi、jThe corresponding magnitude of the voltage is that,G ij 、B ij representing the graph nodes respectivelyi，jThe admittance and the impedance between them,representing graph nodesi，jPhase angle difference between them.
In the function, the weight of the nodes in the power grid, the weight of the connecting edges, the voltage, admittance, impedance, phase angle difference value and other factors are considered, so that the equation can provide comprehensive power flow information of the power grid, the active power and reactive power components of each node can be obtained through analyzing the equation, the optimal scheduling of the power grid is facilitated, the power grid is ensured to operate in a good state, the real-time fault analysis can be performed by monitoring the parameters in the power flow equation, and the possible problems in the power grid are identified, so that corresponding measures are taken, and in a total, the function provides a key analysis tool for realizing the stable operation of the power grid.
S3, determining power consumption of a plurality of lines in the power grid to construct a consumption objective function according to the tide equation, constructing a cost objective function according to cost information corresponding to each device in the power grid, solving the consumption objective function and the cost objective function through a multi-objective optimization algorithm by combining a first constraint condition corresponding to the consumption objective function and a second constraint condition corresponding to the cost objective function, and determining a coordination control strategy corresponding to the power grid.
The power loss refers to energy lost by resistance, reactance and other reasons in the transmission and distribution processes of electric energy in a transmission and distribution system, and is represented as a process of converting electric energy into heat energy, and the process usually occurs in the form of active power and reactive power, wherein the active power is actual transmission power of the electric energy, and the active power loss is energy loss caused by resistance and conductivity. In transmission lines and transformers, the resistance causes power loss when current passes, reactive power is the energy storage and release capacity of electric energy in the system, and reactive power loss is the loss caused by reactance, and the cost information generally refers to the cost required by electric power companies and operators in building a power grid and in actual use, and generally includes line cost, equipment cost, running cost, electric energy loss cost, system scheduling cost and the like.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the determining the power loss of the plurality of lines in the power grid according to the tide equation to construct a loss objective function comprises:
according to the tide equation, determining the voltage amplitude, the phase angle and the line impedance of each node in a plurality of lines in the power grid, and determining the active power consumption and the reactive power consumption corresponding to the plurality of lines in the power grid;
respectively distributing active loss weights for the active power losses, distributing reactive loss weights for the reactive power losses, and constructing a loss objective function:
wherein,Loss()the loss objective function is represented by a function of the loss,w p 、w q respectively representing a power loss weight and a reactive loss weight,P loss 、Q loss active power loss and reactive power loss are respectively represented,Mrepresenting the number of nodes of the graph,V i 、V j representing the graph nodes respectivelyi、jThe corresponding magnitude of the voltage is that,、/>representing the graph nodes respectivelyi，jIs used to determine the phase angle of (c),B ij representing graph nodesi，jImpedance between;
the first constraint condition corresponding to the wear objective function includes:
the voltage of each node in a plurality of lines in the power grid cannot exceed a preset voltage amplitude range;
the capacity of the transformers in the multiple lines in the power grid cannot exceed a preset capacity range;
The frequency of each node in the lines in the power grid must not exceed a preset frequency range.
The topology structure information of the power grid is collected, the topology structure information comprises data of nodes and connecting edges and electric parameters of the lines, proper voltage amplitude values and phase angle values are given to each node at the beginning, the voltage amplitude values and the phase angle values can be obtained from actual power grid operation data or reference data, an iteration method is adopted for carrying out power flow calculation to converge the voltage and the phase angle of the power grid, in each iteration, the voltage amplitude values and the phase angles of the nodes are updated, meanwhile, the current and the power of the lines are calculated, in each node, the production or consumption of active power and reactive power is calculated according to the power flow calculation result, the power flow calculation is repeatedly carried out until convergence conditions are met, the change of the voltage and the phase angle is generally lower than a certain tolerance value, and the active power consumption and the reactive power consumption of each line are calculated based on the power flow calculation result.
In this embodiment, the loss objective function is constructed by considering the active power loss and the reactive power loss of a plurality of lines, so that the overall loss condition in the power grid can be more comprehensively estimated. The method is beneficial to a system manager to better know the running condition of the power grid, so that corresponding measures are adopted to optimize, the relative importance of active power loss weight and reactive power loss weight allows the system manager to flexibly adjust the active power loss and the reactive power loss according to actual demands, the optimization under different running conditions of the power grid is of great importance, the power grid can achieve optimal performance under different situations, factors such as voltage amplitude, phase angle and line impedance of nodes in the power grid are considered, loss calculation is more accurate, and the method is beneficial to improving the planning and running accuracy of the power system.
In summary, the embodiment can more comprehensively and flexibly consider the loss condition in the power grid by constructing the comprehensive loss objective function, and provides a powerful tool for optimizing and planning the power system.
In an alternative embodiment, the constructing a cost objective function according to the cost information corresponding to each device in the power grid includes
Determining the power generation output power corresponding to power generation equipment in the power grid and the power generation coefficient corresponding to the power generation output power;
the cost objective function is constructed by combining the fluctuation coefficient of renewable energy sources in the power grid, the aging value of each device in the power grid and the start-stop times corresponding to the power generation device:
wherein,C()the cost objective function is represented by a function of the cost,Prepresents the power output of the power generation,arepresents the power generation coefficient corresponding to the power generation output power,Rrepresenting can be reusedThe fluctuation coefficient of the energy source,Tindicating the corresponding start-stop times of the power generation equipment,crepresents the start-stop coefficient corresponding to the start-stop times,Arepresenting the ageing values of the individual devices in the power network,drepresenting the aging coefficient;
the second constraint condition corresponding to the cost objective function includes:
the output range of the generated output power corresponding to the power generation equipment is between the minimum output power and the maximum output power;
The power balance between the power output power of the power generation equipment and the load demand power is maintained;
the corresponding start-stop times of the power generation equipment are smaller than the maximum start-stop times;
the aging value of each device in the power grid must not be lower than a preset aging threshold.
The power generation coefficient refers to the ratio of the actual output power of the power generation equipment to the rated capacity thereof, the utilization rate and the performance of the equipment can be known by calculating the power generation efficiency of each equipment, the aging threshold refers to a threshold for measuring the aging state of the equipment in the running process of the system or the equipment, and when the performance, the reliability or other key indexes of the equipment reach or exceed the threshold, the system is identified to enter an aging stage, and maintenance or replacement is possibly needed.
And collecting relevant information of each power generation device in the power grid, including but not limited to device type, rated capacity, power generation efficiency and the like, and calculating the power generation output power and power generation coefficient of each power generation device according to the actual operation conditions of the power grid, such as the real-time operation state of the device and the load demand. Illustratively, assume that there are two types of power generation equipment: the coal-fired power generation unit and the wind power generation unit, wherein the rated capacity of the coal-fired power generation unit is 100 MW, the power generation efficiency is 0.35, the rated capacity of the wind power generation unit is 50 MW, the power generation efficiency is 0.25, the output power of the coal-fired power generation unit can be determined according to the real-time operation state, for example, if the coal-fired power generation unit is online and operates normally, the output power can be set to be a part of the rated capacity, for example 80 MW, and the actual output of the wind power generation unit is influenced by factors such as wind speed. The output power can be estimated according to the characteristic curves of the real-time wind speed and the wind turbine, the current output power is assumed to be 40 MW, and the power generation coefficient can be obtained by dividing the actual output power by the rated capacity. For a coal-fired generator set, the power generation coefficient is 80 MW/100 MW =0.8. For a wind generating set, the power generation coefficient is 40 MW/50 MW =0.8.
In this embodiment, the cost objective function is constructed by combining the fluctuation coefficient of the renewable energy source in the power grid, the aging value of each device in the power grid, and the start-stop times corresponding to the power generation device, and an optimal solution comprehensively considering power generation, renewable energy source, device operation and aging is found by balancing each factor in the optimization problem.
In this embodiment, the second constraint condition in the cost objective function ensures that the output power of the power generation device is between the minimum and maximum output power, which helps to maintain the stable operation of the power grid, prevent the power generation device from generating power exceeding the load demand of the power grid or generating insufficient power, and ensure that the power generation power of the power generation device and the power demand of the power grid remain balanced through the second constraint condition of the cost objective function. This is critical to the stability and reliability of the grid, and the second constraint in the cost objective function limits the number of start-stops of the power plant to not exceed the maximum number of start-stops. The reduction of the frequent start-stop times of the power generation equipment is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the equipment and reducing the operation and maintenance cost, and in combination, the cost objective function comprehensively considering a plurality of factors is constructed by reasonably considering the power generation output, renewable energy fluctuation, start-stop times and ageing values of all the equipment in the power grid, and the stable, reliable and efficient operation of the power grid is ensured through a plurality of constraint conditions. This helps to improve the overall performance and economic efficiency of the grid.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
solving the wear objective function and the cost objective function through a multi-objective optimization algorithm, wherein determining the coordination control strategy corresponding to the power grid comprises the following steps:
constructing parameters to be solved in the wear objective function and the cost objective function as an initialization population, dynamically setting a crossing rate and a variation rate based on a wear target value corresponding to the wear objective function and a cost target value corresponding to the cost objective function, performing crossing and variation operations on individuals in the initialization population based on the crossing rate and the variation rate, and selecting an individual with the highest fitness value from the individuals subjected to the crossing and variation operations as an initial optimal individual;
introducing a greedy factor and a random factor, updating the positions and the speeds of individuals in the initialized population based on the greedy factor, and adding the random factor into the individuals with updated positions and speeds to construct a non-dominant solution set;
and determining the crowding degree distance of each element in the non-dominant solution set, sorting the elements in the non-dominant solution set according to the crowding degree distance, and taking the element with the forefront sorting as the coordination control strategy corresponding to the power grid.
The method comprises the steps of constructing parameters to be solved in a wear objective function and a cost objective function into an initialization population, wherein the initialization population comprises a plurality of individuals, each individual represents a group of possible solutions, the parameters are randomly generated, the crossover rate and the mutation rate are dynamically set according to a wear target value corresponding to the wear objective function and a cost target value corresponding to the cost objective function, the crossover rate can be moderately reduced as the target value is close to an ideal value, the mutation rate can be moderately increased, so that the searching and convergence performance of an algorithm are improved, and the individuals in the initialization population are subjected to crossover and mutation operations according to the set crossover rate and mutation rate. The crossing operation combines the information of the two individuals to generate new individuals, the mutation operation carries out tiny random variation on certain parameters of the individuals, the values of the corresponding wear objective function and the cost objective function of the individuals after the crossing operation and the mutation operation are respectively calculated to obtain the fitness value of each individual, wherein the fitness value can evaluate the merits of the solutions according to the objective function value, and the individual with the highest fitness value is selected from the calculated fitness values to be used as the initial optimal individual.
A greedy factor is introduced in each iteration, the individual is updated for position and velocity, a set of non-dominant solutions is found by non-dominant ranking all individuals, the principle of ranking being that one solution dominates the other if and only if for all objective functions it is better than the other solution on at least one objective and not worse than the other on the other objective. The ordered individuals are divided into a plurality of layers, a first layer containing solutions that are not dominated by other solutions, and a second layer containing solutions that are dominated by the first layer solution but not by other solutions, the individuals are selected layer by layer starting from the first layer until the total number of selected individuals reaches a preset upper number limit, the individuals constituting a non-dominated solution set.
For the selected non-dominant solution set, calculating the crowding degree distance of each individual, for the individuals in the non-dominant solution set, sorting according to the size of the crowding degree distance, and selecting the top individual as the coordination control strategy.
The crowding degree is used for measuring the distribution density index of an individual on a multi-objective optimization front, in the multi-objective optimization, due to a plurality of objective functions, a denser or sparse area may appear on the front, the crowding degree distance calculates the density relation between the individual and the adjacent individual, so as to help maintain the diversity of the front, the crossing rate is a parameter of the probability of occurrence of crossing operation, which determines which individual in each generation can execute the crossing operation, the mutation rate is a parameter for controlling the probability of occurrence of mutation operation, the greedy factor represents the greedy degree of the individual in searching, for example, a larger greedy factor may cause the algorithm to be more focused on local searching, and a smaller greedy factor represents the randomness introduced in algorithm execution, and the non-dominant solution refers to solutions on the optimal front, and the solutions are not better than other solutions on all objective functions.
In this embodiment, through a multi-objective optimization algorithm, the scheme considers the objectives in terms of wear and cost in the power grid, finds balance between the two objectives, introduces a greedy factor and a random factor, combines with a non-dominant solution set, so that the algorithm is more intelligent, helps to find an optimal solution more comprehensively and efficiently in a search space, dynamically adjusts the execution of the algorithm by dynamically setting a crossover rate and a mutation rate, helps to better balance the relationship between global search and local search, improves the robustness and adaptability of the algorithm, and considers the balance among a plurality of objectives by constructing the non-dominant solution set, so that the selected coordination control strategy is more comprehensive, focuses on the optimization of a certain objective, sorts the non-dominant solution set by introducing a crowding distance, helps to select a solution with better balance, and improves the capturing capability of the algorithm on the diversity of the solution instead of being concentrated in a certain local area.
In summary, the embodiment comprehensively considers a plurality of elements in the power grid, finds a coordination control strategy with good balance through an intelligent multi-objective optimization algorithm, and is beneficial to improving the efficiency and reliability of the power grid operation.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention,
the step of introducing greedy factors and random factors, the step of updating the positions and the speeds of the individuals in the initialized population based on the greedy factors, and the step of adding the random factors into the individuals with updated positions and speeds comprises the following steps:
wherein,x mn representing individualsmIn dimension ofnAt the position of the upper part of the frame,w 1 representing the greedy factor,Best mn representing individualsmIn dimension ofnAt the top of the historical best location,w 2 representing the weight of the random factor,Rand mn the random number is represented by a number,w 3 representing the sine function factor weights.
In this function, greedy factors take into account the individual's historically best position, which means that the individual is more prone to update towards its best performing direction in the past, helping to preserve good search direction and algorithm to converge faster to a locally optimal solution, random factors introduce some randomness, helping to avoid sinking into a locally optimal solution, sine function factors help to introduce some nonlinearities and periodicity, and for some problems may provide more search possibilities, by combining greedy factors and random factors, the scheme can maintain some local optimality in the search while having some exploratory in the global scope.
In conclusion, the function enhances the flexibility and robustness of the algorithm, is beneficial to better adapting to various conditions in the operation of the power grid, and improves the effect of the full-element resource coordination control method.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power grid full-element resource coordination control system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, where the system includes:
the first unit is used for acquiring information transfer modes among all devices in a power grid, taking all the devices in the power grid as graph nodes, constructing connection edges among the graph nodes on the basis of the information transfer modes among all the devices, and constructing a power grid topological graph corresponding to the power grid on the basis of the graph nodes and the connection edges;
the second unit is used for determining node weights corresponding to the graph nodes and edge weights corresponding to the connecting edges based on the power grid topological graph and combining the node characteristics of the graph nodes and the line characteristics corresponding to the connecting edges, and determining a tide equation of the power grid topological graph according to the electric parameters of the power grid;
and the third unit is used for determining the power consumption of a plurality of lines in the power grid to construct a consumption objective function according to the tide equation, constructing a cost objective function according to the cost information corresponding to each device in the power grid, solving the consumption objective function and the cost objective function through a multi-objective optimization algorithm by combining the first constraint condition corresponding to the consumption objective function and the second constraint condition corresponding to the cost objective function, and determining the coordination control strategy corresponding to the power grid.
The present invention may be a method, apparatus, system, and/or computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer readable storage medium having computer readable program instructions embodied thereon for performing various aspects of the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for controlling the coordination of the full-element resources of the power grid is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring each device in a power grid and an information transmission mode among the devices, taking each device in the power grid as a graph node, constructing a connection edge among the graph nodes based on the information transmission mode among the devices, and constructing a power grid topological graph corresponding to the power grid based on the graph node and the connection edge;
Determining node weights corresponding to the graph nodes and edge weights corresponding to the connecting edges according to the node characteristics of the graph nodes and the line characteristics corresponding to the connecting edges on the basis of the power grid topological graph, and determining a tide equation of the power grid topological graph according to the electrical parameters of the power grid;
determining power consumption of a plurality of lines in the power grid to construct a consumption objective function according to the tide equation, constructing a cost objective function according to cost information corresponding to each device in the power grid, solving the consumption objective function and the cost objective function through a multi-objective optimization algorithm by combining a first constraint condition corresponding to the consumption objective function and a second constraint condition corresponding to the cost objective function, and determining a coordination control strategy corresponding to the power grid;
based on the power grid topological graph, determining node weights corresponding to the graph nodes and edge weights corresponding to the connecting edges by combining node characteristics of the graph nodes and line characteristics corresponding to the connecting edges, and determining a tide equation of the power grid topological graph according to the electric parameters of the power grid comprises:
determining the connection degree corresponding to each graph node based on an adjacent matrix corresponding to each graph node in the power grid topological graph and the number of connecting edges directly connected with each graph node, and determining the node weight corresponding to each graph node according to the corresponding relation between the connection degree and the node weight;
Determining the edge weight corresponding to the connecting edge based on the rated capacity of the actual line corresponding to the connecting edge in the power grid topological graph and the capacity weight distributed for the rated capacity, and the line impedance of the actual line corresponding to the connecting edge and the impedance weight distributed for the line impedance;
according to the node weight and the edge weight, combining the voltage amplitude, admittance and impedance corresponding to the graph node and the phase angle difference value of the graph node, determining an active power component and a reactive power component of the power flow power corresponding to the graph node;
determining a power flow equation of the power grid topology map includes:
；
；
wherein,P i representing graph nodesiThe active power component of the corresponding tidal current power,Q i representing graph nodesiReactive power components of the corresponding tidal power,Mrepresenting the number of nodes of the graph,W i 、W j 、W ij representing the graph nodes respectivelyi、jCorresponding node weights and graph nodesi，jThe edge weights corresponding to the connected edges of (c),V i 、V j representing the graph nodes respectivelyi、jThe corresponding magnitude of the voltage is that,G ij 、B ij representing graph nodesi，jThe admittance and the impedance between them,representing graph nodesi，jPhase angle difference between them.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the power loss of the plurality of lines in the power grid from the power flow equation to construct a loss objective function comprises:
According to the tide equation, determining the voltage amplitude, the phase angle and the line impedance of each node in a plurality of lines in the power grid, and determining the active power consumption and the reactive power consumption corresponding to the plurality of lines in the power grid;
respectively distributing active loss weights for the active power losses, distributing reactive loss weights for the reactive power losses, and constructing a loss objective function:
；
；
；
wherein,w p 、w q respectively representing a power loss weight and a reactive loss weight,P loss 、Q loss active power loss and reactive power loss are respectively represented,Mrepresenting the number of nodes of the graph,V i 、V j representing the graph nodes respectivelyi、jThe corresponding magnitude of the voltage is that,、/>representing the graph nodes respectivelyi，jIs used to determine the phase angle of (c),B ij representing graph nodesi，jImpedance between;
the first constraint condition corresponding to the wear objective function includes:
the voltage of each node in a plurality of lines in the power grid cannot exceed a preset voltage amplitude range;
the capacity of the transformers in the multiple lines in the power grid cannot exceed a preset capacity range;
the frequency of each node in the lines in the power grid must not exceed a preset frequency range.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein constructing a cost objective function from cost information corresponding to each device in the electrical grid comprises
Determining the power generation output power corresponding to power generation equipment in the power grid and the power generation coefficient corresponding to the power generation output power;
the cost objective function is constructed by combining the fluctuation coefficient of renewable energy sources in the power grid, the aging value of each device in the power grid and the start-stop times corresponding to the power generation device:
；
wherein,Prepresents the power output of the power generation,arepresents the power generation coefficient corresponding to the power generation output power,Rrepresenting the fluctuation coefficient of the renewable energy source,Tindicating the corresponding start-stop times of the power generation equipment,crepresents the start-stop coefficient corresponding to the start-stop times,Arepresenting the ageing values of the individual devices in the power network,drepresenting the aging coefficient;
the second constraint condition corresponding to the cost objective function includes:
the output range of the generated output power corresponding to the power generation equipment is between the minimum output power and the maximum output power;
the power balance between the power output power of the power generation equipment and the load demand power is maintained;
the corresponding start-stop times of the power generation equipment are smaller than the maximum start-stop times;
the aging value of each device in the power grid must not be lower than a preset aging threshold.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein solving the wear objective function and the cost objective function by a multi-objective optimization algorithm, determining the corresponding coordinated control strategy of the grid comprises:
Constructing parameters to be solved in the wear objective function and the cost objective function as an initialization population, dynamically setting a crossing rate and a variation rate based on a wear target value corresponding to the wear objective function and a cost target value corresponding to the cost objective function, performing crossing and variation operations on individuals in the initialization population based on the crossing rate and the variation rate, and selecting an individual with the highest fitness value from the individuals subjected to the crossing and variation operations as an initial optimal individual;
introducing a greedy factor and a random factor, updating the positions and the speeds of individuals in the initialized population based on the greedy factor, and adding the random factor into the individuals with updated positions and speeds to construct a non-dominant solution set;
and determining the crowding degree distance of each element in the non-dominant solution set, sorting the elements in the non-dominant solution set according to the crowding degree distance, and taking the element with the forefront sorting as the coordination control strategy corresponding to the power grid.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein introducing a greedy factor and a random factor, updating the location and speed of individuals in the initialized population based on the greedy factor, and adding the random factor to the location and speed updated individuals comprises:
；
Wherein,x ij representing individualsiIn dimension ofjAt the position of the upper part of the frame,w 1 representing the greedy factor,Best ij representing individualsiIn dimension ofjAt the top of the historical best location,w 2 representing the weight of the random factor,Rand ij the random number is represented by a number,w 3 representing the sine function factor weights.
6. A grid full-element resource coordination control system for implementing the grid full-element resource coordination control method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising:
the first unit is used for acquiring each device in the power grid and an information transfer mode among the devices, taking each device in the power grid as a graph node, constructing a connection edge among the graph nodes based on the information transfer mode among the devices, and constructing a power grid topological graph corresponding to the power grid based on the graph node and the connection edge;
the second unit is used for determining node weights corresponding to the graph nodes and edge weights corresponding to the connecting edges based on the power grid topological graph and combining node characteristics of the graph nodes and line characteristics corresponding to the connecting edges, and determining a tide equation of the power grid topological graph according to the electric parameters of the power grid;
and the third unit is used for determining the power consumption of a plurality of lines in the power grid to construct a consumption objective function according to the tide equation, constructing a cost objective function according to the cost information corresponding to each device in the power grid, solving the consumption objective function and the cost objective function through a multi-objective optimization algorithm by combining the first constraint condition corresponding to the consumption objective function and the second constraint condition corresponding to the cost objective function, and determining the coordination control strategy corresponding to the power grid.
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