CN117097419B

CN117097419B - Self-adaptive module, adjusting device and adjusting method applied to antenna network

Info

Publication number: CN117097419B
Application number: CN202311357650.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈越; 陈子松
Original assignee: Quanzhou Archie Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Quanzhou Archie Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-10-19
Filing date: 2023-10-19
Publication date: 2023-12-15
Anticipated expiration: 2043-10-19
Also published as: CN117097419A

Abstract

The application relates to a self-adaptive module, a regulating device and a regulating method applied to an antenna network, wherein the module comprises a TVS diode, and the TVS diode comprises an input end, an output end and a reverse bias end; the input end and the output end are used for being connected with a branch circuit in the antenna network in series or in parallel; the reverse bias terminal is configured to receive an adjustable reverse bias voltage. The application utilizes the linear and stable junction capacitance of the TVS diode to construct the direct-current voltage adjustable capacitor, directly replaces the traditional varactor, does not need a ceramic or air adjustable capacitor with large volume and low reliability, avoids adopting special noninductive tools and a manual adjustment production process, and realizes a low-power antenna automatic matching network circuit with lower cost and better reliability; besides meeting the matching performance requirement of the tuning antenna network, the antenna network can also meet EMC protection requirement, and an intelligent circuit using the antenna network can be well protected.

Description

Self-adaptive module, adjusting device and adjusting method applied to antenna network

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of antenna networks, and in particular, to an adaptive module, an adjusting device, and an adjusting method for an antenna network.

Background

In the wireless internet of things era, research and development engineers are encountering increasing demands for designs of high frequency radios or high frequency antennas for devices and system units. Typical examples include wireless data transmission for WiFi and bluetooth, UWB-based wireless location measurement systems, simple wireless switch control in smart homes, etc. Similar examples also include devices that need to access a wireless network, such as smart meters that read data over a LoRa wireless network, in-vehicle wireless devices that access a mobile internet of things, and the like.

The conventional antenna and matching network designs are basically difficult to achieve performance and cost balance in such a large power and frequency range, and the antenna network is detuned, the wireless communication distance is shortened, and even communication is impossible due to environmental (such as structural design, materials, human body induction and other factors) differences. In consumer electronics, which are very cost sensitive, if special tuning devices and circuits are used, not only a lot of space is required but also the production and debugging costs are high. In addition, the antenna network and the radio frequency transceiver circuit generally have the problems of difficult authentication and the like, especially the EMC problems of ESD static electricity, rapid pulse group, surge test and the like, and the product quality defects such as damage to a radio frequency amplifier, or dead halt or even damage to a single chip microcomputer and the like caused by static electricity of a human body in dry winter are easy to occur.

The application guide of most radio frequency chip manufacturers strongly recommends the addition of a plurality of TVS diodes with extremely low junction capacitance (1-3P) in the matching network between the amplifier chip and the antenna to protect against ESD and other interference, but because the TVS diodes with extremely low junction capacitance special for radio frequency are difficult to buy and very expensive, the application of the TVS diodes in consumer circuits is not very practical.

Meanwhile, the shell materials and designs of the consumer products are endless, the performances are uneven, the parameters of the built-in antenna cannot be adjusted due to the complex and changeable shell design, and the effects of opening the shell and closing the shell are completely different. The performance differences in the development and mass production of wireless products are also enormous, subject to the influence of development equipment and the environment. The product is urgent to ensure a stable, reliable and flexible antenna tuning matching scheme in the research and development and mass production stages.

In a common low-power antenna tuning circuit, the varactor diode electric tuning circuit has the characteristics of simple design, small volume and the like, is widely applied to the fields of industrial or commercial automatic radio receiving and transmitting control, such as a low-power digital control radio station and the like, because the junction capacitance of a varactor diode is large (hundreds P), the design is generally only suitable for antenna loads with low power and lower frequency, meanwhile, the price of a device is higher, the discreteness of the varactor diode device is large, the pairing difficulty during production is larger, and the time required to be adjusted is slightly longer. Resulting in fewer views of the body of the varactor in consumer applications that use higher frequencies, such as wireless applications in the microwave band. Most consumer products still use a combination of resistance, capacitance, and inductance in the development stage to pre-design and tune the matching network in order to achieve the best performance of the rf chip, the matching network, and the antenna.

However, in long-term product practice, the fixed antenna matching network is often difficult to match with all wireless product applications by a fixed design parameter due to environmental relation (factors such as outer shell, structural design, material difference, human body induction, etc. of the design structure design of the five-flower eight-door), and small and medium enterprises often use a limited combination mode (replacement method) of replacing capacitance and inductance to exhaust, so as to find out better circuit parameters by fortune, but the manual labor is often time-consuming and laborious, and the result is poor. Most of the designers of large companies consider that fine tuning capacitors with good performance are selected in the research and development stage and matched with precise radio frequency instruments for fine tuning, but professional fine tuning capacitors are expensive, large in size, short in product repeated life and very high in research and development resource consumption in the adjustment stage. In mass wireless application products in the market, it is difficult to find a general stable circuit using a special trimming capacitor, and the general stable circuit is basically a special cured circuit which is carefully adjusted by research and development personnel.

The common antenna matching network is basically divided into pi type and T type according to the distribution form of capacitance and inductance, and the other is the variation of the common antenna matching network, as shown in fig. 1, the common antenna matching network is a typical pi type network of a 2.4GHz antenna, and because the common antenna matching network is difficult to find out small adjustable inductance due to the influence of materials and processes, the common matching network is basically used for adjusting capacitance parameters, and even a series resonance loop can be formed by using a capacitance and inductance series circuit so as to change the parameters of the antenna matching network.

Comparing the original antenna matching circuit, the lack of adequate EMC testing may be felt by the laboratory to be sufficiently stable. However, in a large-scale civil consumer application, the classical traditional circuit is very easy to cause problems, and the problems can be rare, such as a nixie tube for displaying the temperature of a handheld wireless product often breaks down in winter, a display control unit is halted, the result of disassembly research is often caused by electrostatic ESD of a human body, but the faults are very difficult to reproduce, the faults occur randomly (such as wet weather, high-temperature weather and the like), and the damage of the ESD to a radio frequency chip can occur over time, so that the problem of the product can be layered, and finally the value of use is lost.

With respect to the related art described above, the inventors consider that the conventional antenna matching circuit has problems of poor reliability and difficult matching adjustment.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the reliability of an antenna matching circuit, the application provides an adaptive module, an adjusting device and an adjusting method applied to an antenna network.

In a first aspect, the present application provides an adaptive module applied to an antenna network, which adopts the following technical scheme:

an adaptive module applied to an antenna network comprises a TVS diode, wherein the TVS diode comprises an input end, an output end and a reverse bias end;

the input end and the output end are used for being connected with a branch circuit in the antenna network in series or in parallel;

the reverse bias terminal is configured to receive an adjustable reverse bias voltage.

Optionally, the TVS diode is a unidirectional TVS diode, a cathode of the unidirectional TVS diode is an input end and a reverse bias end, and an anode is an output end.

Optionally, the TVS diode is composed of two unidirectional TVS diodes with common cathodes, the common cathodes of the two unidirectional TVS diodes are reverse bias ends, the anode of one unidirectional TVS diode is an input end, and the anode of the other unidirectional TVS diode is an output end.

Optionally, the two unidirectional TVS diodes are replaced by a bidirectional TVS diode, wherein a common cathode of the bidirectional TVS diode is a reverse bias terminal, one terminal is an input terminal, and the other terminal is an output terminal.

Optionally, two or more of the adaptive modules are connected in parallel.

Alternatively, the reverse bias voltage is provided by a variable resistance circuit or DAC cell internal to the MCU.

Optionally, the device further comprises a current limiting resistor, and the reverse bias voltage is input to the reverse bias terminal after passing through the current limiting resistor.

Optionally, the resistance of the current limiting resistor ranges from 10kΩ to 10mΩ.

Optionally, the reverse bias voltage has a voltage value ranging from 0V to 240V.

In a second aspect, the present application further provides an adjusting device applied to an antenna network, which adopts the following technical scheme:

an adjusting device for an antenna network, comprising: the device comprises a control unit MCU, an RF transmitting unit, a DAC digital-to-analog conversion unit and an antenna network formed by the self-adaptive modules;

the control unit MCU controls the RF transmitting unit to transmit signals through the antenna network; and the control unit MCU is also applied to each self-adaptive module through the DAC digital-to-analog conversion unit according to the received reverse bias voltage of each self-adaptive module.

In a third aspect, the present application further provides an adjusting method applied to the adjusting device, which adopts the following technical scheme:

an adjusting method applied to the adjusting device comprises the following steps:

the control unit MCU controls the RF transmitting unit to transmit a debugging signal through the antenna network;

the external signal receiving intensity automatic detecting module for engineering debugging monitors the debugging signal, adjusts reverse bias voltage of each self-adaptive module in the antenna network according to the signal receiving intensity of the received debugging signal, and writes the reverse bias voltage of each self-adaptive module into the control unit MCU;

the control unit MCU is applied to each self-adaptive module through a self-contained or external DAC digital-to-analog conversion unit;

and repeating the transmission and receiving processes of the debugging signals after adjustment to further adjust until the signal receiving intensity meeting the actual requirement is adjusted, and writing the final reverse bias voltage of each self-adaptive module into the control unit MCU.

In summary, the application utilizes the linear and stable junction capacitance of the TVS diode to construct the direct-current voltage-adjustable capacitor, directly replaces the traditional varactor, does not need a ceramic or air-adjustable capacitor with large volume and low reliability, avoids the adoption of special noninductive tools and the production process of manual adjustment, and realizes a low-cost but better-reliability low-power antenna automatic matching network circuit. Besides, due to the adoption of the TVS diode, the antenna network matching circuit can meet the matching performance requirement of a tuning antenna network, and can also meet EMC protection requirements, so that an intelligent circuit using the antenna network can be well protected.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical 2.4GHz antenna pi-type network in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a graph of junction capacitance versus reverse bias voltage for a TVS diode having a smaller junction capacitance.

Fig. 3 is a graph of junction capacitance versus reverse bias voltage for a TVS diode having a large junction capacitance.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive module applied to an antenna network according to the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the adaptive module of the present application applied to a capacitive branch of an antenna network.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the adaptive module of the present application applied to an inductive branch of an antenna network.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the adaptive module of the present application applied to an inductive branch of an antenna network.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the present application applied to the adjustable capacitance of the capacitive branch in pi-type network.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the present application applied to an inductance shunt inductance value adjustable in a pi-type network.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the present application applied to the adjustable capacitance of the capacitive branch in pi-type network.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the present application applied to a T-type network with an adjustable inductance shunt inductance.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the reverse bias voltage provided by the regulated power supply of the present application.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of another adaptive module of the present application applied to an antenna network.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the adaptive module of the present application applied to a capacitive branch of an antenna network.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the present application for achieving capacitance or inductance adjustment using different embodiments.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the extended power of the present application.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of an adjusting device of the present application applied to an antenna network.

Detailed Description

The transient voltage suppression diode (Transient Voltage Suppressor) is a high-efficiency protection device in the form of a diode, simply called TVS diode. When the two poles of the TVS diode are impacted by reverse transient high energy, the high resistance between the two poles can be changed into low resistance at the speed of the magnitude of minus 12 seconds of 10, and the surge power of thousands of watts is absorbed, so that the voltage clamp between the two poles is positioned at a preset value, thereby effectively protecting precise components in an electronic circuit from being damaged by various surge pulses.

TVS diodes have been popular as novel semiconductors for the last decade in various protection and protection circuits, and their price has also fallen to the level of common low power zener diodes. With the wide application of TVS diodes in consumers in the last ten years, the performance and price of the TVS diodes and the process of the TVS diodes are low in price, excellent in performance and high in cost performance. The price of the conventional TVS diode is far lower than that of a varactor with small use amount, the junction capacitance of the conventional TVS diode is optimized to be within tens of picofarads in addition to the process optimization in recent years, and the TVS diode can completely replace the varactor to design an electric tuning network of an antenna in certain consumer wireless applications due to the characteristic of high-speed characteristic and good linearity.

The traditional varactor has very small dissipation power, the patch package is usually about tens mW, the high-power varactor adopts metal shell plug-in package, the price is relatively high, the occupied area of the PCB is large, and small household appliances are affected by volume and cost and are basically impossible to select. Meanwhile, the low-power transformer Rong Erji is used for a consumer antenna network, the severe test of EMC test cannot be born, and high-power TVS and other devices must be adopted for comprehensive protection, so that the overall cost of the system is greatly increased.

As shown in fig. 2, a junction capacitance versus voltage (reverse bias voltage VR) curve of a common low junction capacitance (e.g., several PF to several tens of PF) bi-directional TVS diode (e.g., bi-directional TVS diode model SD 15C); as shown in fig. 3, there is a series (e.g., SMCJ5.0 THRU SMCJ440CA series) of junction capacitance versus voltage (reverse bias voltage VR) curves for common high junction capacitance (e.g., tens of PF to thousands of PF) unidirectional or bidirectional TVS diodes. Namely: the junction capacitance Cj of the TVS diode has a correspondence with the magnitude of the reverse bias voltage VR, and thus the junction capacitance Cj of the TVS diode can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the reverse bias voltage VR of the TVS diode. It can be appreciated that in the embodiment of the present application, a TVS diode with a low junction capacitance or a high junction capacitance may be selected according to actual requirements, for example: if an antenna network of a high frequency band (above 1GHz, such as 2.4GHz band, 5GHz band, 6GHz band, etc.) is to be adapted, TVS diodes with low junction capacitance can be used; if an antenna network of low frequency bands (0-1 GHz, e.g., 13.56MHz band, 315MHz band, 433MHz band, 868MHz band, etc.) is to be adapted, TVS diodes of high junction capacitance may be employed. Of course, when adapting to the high-frequency antenna network, a TVS diode with high junction capacitance may be used, and only a capacitor with low junction capacitance (e.g., 10 PF) is needed to be connected in series with the TVS diode with high junction capacitance, and the total capacitance may be calculated by a capacitance series equation, i.e., the total capacitance is smaller than the junction capacitance of the capacitor.

The instantaneous absorption pulse power of the TVS diode generally reaches more than 5000W, and the continuous dissipation power is far more than that of a common voltage-stabilizing diode, so that the TVS diode with breakdown voltage meeting the requirement can be used, reverse bias voltage is input on the basis of ensuring the reliability of EMC, and a practical low-power (common TVS dissipation power is more than 0-50W) antenna tuning network is directly formed.

Because of the TVS diode, the authentication difficulty problem generally encountered by the antenna network and the radio frequency transceiver circuit, especially the EMC problems such as ESD static electricity, fast pulse group, surge test, etc. are basically solved.

Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings of the specification, but the embodiments should not be construed as limiting the application.

As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application provides an adaptive module applied to an antenna network, including a TVS diode, where the TVS diode includes an input terminal, an output terminal, and a reverse bias terminal;

the reverse bias end is used for receiving an adjustable reverse bias voltage;

the reverse bias voltage is a direct current voltage, the TVS diode is a tenth unidirectional TVS diode TVS10, the cathode of the tenth unidirectional TVS diode TVS10 is an input end and a reverse bias end, and the anode is an output end.

It will be appreciated that the branches in the antenna network comprise capacitive branches or inductive branches.

As shown in fig. 5, in the capacitor branch, after the adaptive module (the eleventh TVS diode TVS 11) is connected in series with the eleventh capacitor C11, the total capacitance of the capacitor branch is adjustable, and the capacitance of the total capacitor is related to the received reverse bias voltage.

As shown in fig. 6, in the inductance branch, after the adaptive module (the twelfth TVS diode TVS 12) is connected in series with the twelfth capacitor C12 and the twelfth inductor L12, the equivalent total inductance of the inductance branch is adjustable, and the inductance of the equivalent total inductance is related to the received reverse bias voltage.

As shown in fig. 7, in the inductance branch, after the adaptive module (the thirteenth TVS diode TVS 13) is connected in series with the thirteenth inductor L13 and the thirteenth capacitor C13, the equivalent total inductance of the inductance branch is adjustable, and the inductance of the equivalent total inductance is related to the received reverse bias voltage.

The self-adaptive module can be connected in series or in parallel, and forms a controllable several typical tuner network circuits with a capacitor branch or an inductor branch under the action of an adjustable reverse bias voltage, such as a classical pi-type network, a T-type network and the like.

As shown in fig. 8, a classical pi-type network is shown, in which the total capacitance of the capacitive branch (the fourteenth capacitor C14 is connected in series with the fourteenth TVS diode TVS 14) is adjustable.

As shown in fig. 9, a classical pi-type network is shown, in which the equivalent total inductance of the inductive branch (fifteenth capacitor C15, fifteenth TVS diode TVS15 and fifteenth inductor L15 are connected in series) is adjustable.

As shown in fig. 10, another classical pi-type network is one in which the total capacitance of the capacitive branch (sixteenth capacitor C16 in series with sixteenth TVS diode TVS 16) is adjustable.

As shown in fig. 11, a classical T-network is shown, in which the equivalent total inductance of the inductive branch (seventeenth capacitor C17, eighteenth inductor L18 and seventeenth TVS diode TVS17 are connected in series) is adjustable.

It can be understood that in this embodiment, the TVS diode and the capacitor branch (i.e., capacitor) in the antenna network are connected in series to form a capacitor branch with adjustable total capacitance; the TVS diode and the capacitor are connected in series with an inductance branch (i.e., inductor) in the antenna network to form an inductance branch with adjustable equivalent total inductance. The junction capacitance of the TVS diode is adjusted by adjusting the reverse bias voltage of the TVS diode in the capacitance branch with the adjustable total capacitance, so that the total capacitance of the capacitance branch is adjusted; the junction capacitance of the TVS diode is adjusted by adjusting the reverse bias voltage of the TVS diode in the inductance branch circuit with the adjustable equivalent total inductance, so that the series resonance network of the inductance branch circuit is affected, and the aim of adjusting the whole antenna matching network is fulfilled.

It will be appreciated that the reverse bias voltage may be provided by a variable resistance circuit or DAC cell internal to the MCU.

As shown in fig. 12, in this embodiment, the reverse bias voltage may be provided by a variable resistance circuit, specifically, the low-power tuned high-voltage regulated power supply VH is provided after passing through a potentiometer RV and a current limiting resistor RL, where the potentiometer RV indicates that the reverse bias voltage input to the eighteenth TVS diode TVS18 is adjustable, and the current limiting resistor RL connected to the cathode of the eighteenth TVS diode TVS18 is mainly used to protect the eighteenth TVS diode TVS18 and reduce the current, significantly improve the impedance of the matching network, and improve the Q value.

Because of the breakdown characteristic of the TVS diode, when the voltage at two ends of the TVS diode exceeds the breakdown voltage, the TVS diode acts to form an avalanche breakdown effect, so that the voltage at two ends of the TVS diode is rapidly reduced, the current of the power supply VH is excessively large, if the current limiting resistor is not connected, the power supply VH with small output power is influenced, the tuning network of other paths is interfered, and even the power supply VH is damaged. And because the TVS diode can not break down at ordinary times and is in a cut-off state, the two ends of the current-limiting resistor are approximately in equal potential, and the resistance can be quite large for obviously improving the performance of the matching network and can be usually 10K-10 Mohm, for example, 100K.

It can be appreciated that the cathode of the TVS diode is typically connected in series with a capacitor to form an adjustable capacitive branch; or an inductor (the serial position of the inductor is not limited) is connected in series on the basis of the capacitor branch to form an adjustable inductor branch; or the cathode of the TVS diode is connected with the cathode of another TVS diode to form an adjustable capacitor branch, wherein the intersection point of the cathode of the TVS diode and the cathode of the other TVS diode is a reverse bias end, and the anode of the TVS diode and the anode of the other TVS diode are respectively used as two ends of the capacitor branch.

As shown in fig. 13, an embodiment of the present application provides an adaptive module applied to an antenna network, including a TVS diode, where the TVS diode includes an input terminal, an output terminal, and a reverse bias terminal;

the reverse bias end is used for receiving an adjustable reverse bias voltage;

the TVS diode is composed of two unidirectional TVS diodes (a twenty-first unidirectional TVS diode TVS21 and a twenty-second unidirectional TVS diode TVS 22) with a common cathode, wherein the common cathode of the two unidirectional TVS diodes is a reverse bias terminal, an anode of one unidirectional TVS diode is an input terminal, and an anode of the other unidirectional TVS diode is an output terminal. In this embodiment, the adaptation module may directly constitute one capacitive branch of the antenna network, used in parallel with the other capacitive branches of the antenna network.

It is understood that the two unidirectional TVS diodes of the common cathode may directly use a bidirectional TVS diode, where the common cathode of the bidirectional TVS diode is a reverse bias terminal, and one terminal is an input terminal, and the other terminal is an output terminal.

The embodiment of the application adopts the tuned network circuit formed by the common cathodes of the two TVS diodes, can simultaneously achieve the functions of protection and tuning, and greatly reduces the complexity and high cost of the circuit. In addition, the common-cathode bi-directional TVS diode may be directly adopted, and the capacitance formed by the common-cathode bi-directional TVS diode is actually in a capacitive series connection relationship, that is, the total capacitance is smaller than the junction capacitance of the TVS diode alone and is mainly determined by the minimum junction capacitance. If a two-way TVS diode is used to construct the tuning network, their consistency will be good for the same silicon and process reasons, i.e. if the tuning network uses the same TVS diode, the consistency of the product will be substantially the same.

Considering the bandgap and process of current consumer silicon process semiconductors, the reverse bias voltage of TVS diodes is limited to a practical (linearity is good) range (e.g., 0-20V with junction capacitance varying from several picofarads to tens of picofarads) to ensure that the linear range of junction capacitance of TVS diodes is effectively matched after passing through the circuit. Whereas in the bandgap and process of industrial-type silicon process semiconductors, the reverse bias voltage of TVS diodes can be limited to a relatively large (good linearity, junction capacitance ranging from tens of picofarads to thousands of picofarads) range (e.g., 10-240V).

The instantaneous absorption pulse power of the TVS generally reaches more than 5000W, and the continuous dissipation power is far more than that of a common voltage-stabilizing diode, so that a TVS tube with breakdown voltage meeting the requirement can be used, reverse bias voltage is input on the basis of ensuring EMC reliability, and a practical low-power (for example, 0-50W) antenna tuning network is directly formed.

Likewise, the adaptive modules may be connected in series or in parallel, and form controllable tuner network circuits with the capacitive branch or the inductive branch under the action of an adjustable reverse bias voltage, for example, classical pi-type networks, T-type networks, and the like.

As shown in fig. 14, a classical pi-type network is shown, in which the total capacitance of the capacitive branches (the twenty-third TVS diode TVS23 and the twenty-fourth TVS diode TVS24 are connected in series) is adjustable.

It will be appreciated that in this embodiment, two TVS diodes are connected in series to form a capacitive branch in the antenna network, so as to be connected in series or parallel to other branches (capacitive branches or inductive branches) in the antenna network to form a complete antenna network, where both TVS diodes are affected by the reverse bias voltage received by them, so that the junction capacitance of the two TVS diodes is adjustable, and thus the total capacitance of the capacitive branch is adjustable, that is, the actually capacitive series relationship, that is, the total capacitance will be smaller than the junction capacitance of the TVS diodes alone, and is mainly determined by the minimum junction capacitance.

It can be understood that any embodiment of the present application can be implemented in an antenna network branch needing to adjust capacitance or inductance, and if multiple branches need to be adjusted in the same antenna network, the present application can be implemented in the same embodiment of the present application, or in different embodiments of the present application.

As shown in fig. 15, a classic pi-type network is implemented by adopting different embodiments of the present application, wherein the equivalent total inductance of the inductive branch (the thirty-first capacitor C31, the thirty-first TVS diode TVS31 and the twenty-first inductor L20 are connected in series) is adjustable, and is determined by the reverse bias voltage VR1, the total capacitance of the first capacitive branch (the thirty-second capacitor C32 and the thirty-second TVS diode TVS32 are connected in series) is adjustable, and is determined by the reverse bias voltage VR2, and the total capacitance of the second capacitive branch (the twenty-fifth TVS diode TVS25 and the twenty-first TVS diode TVS26 are connected in series) is adjustable, and is determined by the reverse bias voltage VR 3; the reverse bias voltages VR1, VR2 and VR3 may be equal or unequal, and the specific magnitudes are adjusted according to practical situations.

The circuit maintains the characteristics of all pi-type matching network circuits, but uses a mounting semiconductor and a mounting welding process with small volume and high reliability to replace a ceramic or air adjustable capacitor with large volume and low reliability, avoids adopting a special noninductive tool and a manual adjustment production process, and realizes the low-cost and reliable automatic matching network circuit of the low-power antenna.

As shown in fig. 16, in order to adapt to a use environment with higher power (for example, an industrial transmitter such as a small radio station, the transmission power of which is tens of watts, and the tuning voltage is hundreds of volts), the embodiment of the present application further provides a scheme in which two or more adaptive modules are connected in parallel, where the reverse bias voltage VR of each adaptive module may be generally controlled by the same port, that is, the reverse bias voltages VR of each adaptive module are equal in magnitude; assuming that the single power of the adaptive module is PD, the n adaptive modules are connected in parallel to obtain a high-power adaptive module with power of n×pd, so that the high-power adaptive module is applied to a high-power use environment.

Embodiments of an adaptation module applied to an antenna network and an adjustment device applied to the antenna network are described in further detail below.

As shown in fig. 17, an embodiment of the present application further provides an adjusting device applied to an antenna network, including: the device comprises a control unit MCU, an RF transmitting unit, a DAC digital-to-analog conversion unit and an antenna network formed by the self-adaptive modules;

The application also provides an adjusting method applied to the adjusting device, which comprises the following steps:

s01: the control unit MCU controls the RF transmitting unit to transmit a debugging signal through the antenna network;

s02: an external signal receiving intensity automatic detection module (the signal receiving intensity automatic detection module comprises an adjusting unit and an RF receiving unit) for engineering debugging monitors the debugging signals, adjusts reverse bias voltages (possibly high or low) of all self-adaptive modules in the antenna network according to the signal receiving intensity of the received debugging signals, wherein a specific value can be calculated according to a junction capacitance and reverse bias voltage relation curve of a TVS diode adopted, and can only adjust the reverse bias voltage of one self-adaptive module or simultaneously adjust the reverse bias voltages of a plurality of self-adaptive modules;

s03: the control unit MCU is applied to each self-adaptive module through a self-contained or external DAC digital-to-analog conversion unit;

repeating the steps S01-S03 of sending and receiving the debugging signals after adjustment to further adjust until the signal receiving intensity meeting the actual requirement is adjusted, and writing the final reverse bias voltage of each self-adaptive module into the control unit MCU; it will be appreciated that the reverse bias voltages received by the various antenna network branches may be the same or different.

By adopting the adjusting device applied to the antenna network, the wireless products on the research and development or production line are fully automatically adjusted, and the adjusted optimized antenna matching data is stored in the MCU or the electrically adjustable potentiometer in the form of voltage data, so that the functions and performance requirements of EMC, high efficiency, realization of various low powers, various wireless frequency outputs, full mounting, small occupied PCB area, high reliability and the like can be simultaneously met.

The adjusting device applied to the antenna network can cover common wireless application at research and development or production ends, has high cost performance and high stability, and greatly improves the life cycle of the product.

The embodiment of the application is matched with a signal receiving intensity automatic detection dynamic feedback regulation technology, the signal receiving intensity automatic detection module is utilized to monitor the signal receiving intensity of the antenna network, and the reverse bias voltage is regulated according to the signal receiving intensity so as to regulate the parameters of the antenna network, thereby greatly reducing the production difficulty of high-frequency wireless products, obviously improving the quality stability of the wireless products and saving the frequent regulation of great concern of research and development personnel on the matching network.

The application can meet the EMC protection and matching performance requirements of the tuning antenna network only by adopting the common cathode bidirectional TVS diode or adopting the mode that the unidirectional TVS diode is connected in series with a higher high voltage small capacitor, and simultaneously achieves the purposes of adopting intelligent voltage control and flexibly adjusting the matching network, and does not need to purchase a special TVS diode with extremely small junction capacitance, thereby reducing the cost.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as separate products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or partly in the form of a software product or all or part of the technical solution, which is stored in a storage medium, and includes several instructions for causing a computer device or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application.

The foregoing examples are only for the purpose of describing the technical scheme of the present application in detail, but the description of the foregoing examples is only for aiding in the understanding of the method of the present application and the core idea thereof, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Variations or alternatives, which are easily conceivable by those skilled in the art, are included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An adaptive module applied to an antenna network, comprising a TVS diode, wherein the TVS diode comprises an input end, an output end and a reverse bias end;

the reverse bias end is used for receiving an adjustable reverse bias voltage;

the TVS diode is a unidirectional TVS diode, the cathode of the unidirectional TVS diode is an input end and a reverse bias end, and the anode of the unidirectional TVS diode is an output end;

or the TVS diode consists of two unidirectional TVS diodes with common cathodes, wherein the common cathodes of the two unidirectional TVS diodes are reverse bias ends, the anode of one unidirectional TVS diode is an input end, and the anode of the other unidirectional TVS diode is an output end;

or, the TVS diode is replaced by a bidirectional TVS diode, the common cathode of the bidirectional TVS diode is a reverse bias end, one end is an input end, and the other end is an output end.

2. An adaptive module for use in an antenna network as claimed in claim 1, wherein: two or more of the adaptive modules are connected in parallel.

3. An adaptive module for use in an antenna network as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reverse bias voltage is provided by a variable resistance circuit or DAC cell internal to the MCU.

4. An adaptive module for use in an antenna network as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the device also comprises a current limiting resistor, wherein the reverse bias voltage is input into the reverse bias end after passing through the current limiting resistor.

5. The adaptive module for use in an antenna network as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the resistance value of the current limiting resistor ranges from 10kΩ to 10mΩ.

6. An adaptive module for use in an antenna network as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reverse bias voltage has a voltage value ranging from 0V to 240V.

7. An adjustment device for an antenna network, comprising: a control unit MCU, an RF transmitting unit, a DAC digital-to-analog conversion unit and an antenna network constituted by the adaptive module according to any one of claims 1-6;

8. A method of adjusting an adjusting device for an antenna network as defined in claim 7, comprising: