CN117017302A - Flexible esophagus electrode catheter with low pacing voltage threshold and easy swallowing and positioning - Google Patents
Flexible esophagus electrode catheter with low pacing voltage threshold and easy swallowing and positioning Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117017302A CN117017302A CN202311151375.3A CN202311151375A CN117017302A CN 117017302 A CN117017302 A CN 117017302A CN 202311151375 A CN202311151375 A CN 202311151375A CN 117017302 A CN117017302 A CN 117017302A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- electrode
- electrode catheter
- esophageal
- catheter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 210000003238 esophagus Anatomy 0.000 title abstract description 27
- 230000009747 swallowing Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 210000001989 nasopharynx Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000152 swallowing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 210000005246 left atrium Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 208000033988 Device pacing issue Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001746 atrial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001208 nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006132 styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000010496 Heart Arrest Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000003734 Supraventricular Tachycardia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003484 anatomy Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010003119 arrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006793 arrhythmia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002001 electrophysiology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007831 electrophysiology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013305 flexible fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005240 left ventricle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001013 sinoatrial node Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010047302 ventricular tachycardia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
- A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
- A61B5/28—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/283—Invasive
- A61B5/285—Endotracheal, oesophageal or gastric probes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
- A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/321—Accessories or supplementary instruments therefor, e.g. cord hangers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
- A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
- A61B5/6852—Catheters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
- A61B5/6867—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive specially adapted to be attached or implanted in a specific body part
- A61B5/687—Oesophagus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/362—Heart stimulators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
- A61N1/37205—Microstimulators, e.g. implantable through a cannula
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
- A61N1/375—Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
- A61N1/37512—Pacemakers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
- A61N1/375—Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
- A61N1/3752—Details of casing-lead connections
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a flexible esophagus electrode catheter which is easy to swallow and position and has a low pacing voltage threshold value for pacing the heart through the esophagus; belonging to the technical field of medical appliances. In the prior art, the problems of the stimulation symptom of a subject caused by high pacing voltage, the difficult passing of the nasopharynx part caused by high hardness of a catheter, and complications such as nasopharynx part bleeding and the like exist. The electrode catheter provided by the invention comprises: the device comprises a tube body, a plurality of first annular electrodes, a plurality of second annular electrodes and a built-in electrode; adapting to the swallowing action of esophagus, the entering process has less stimulation to the subject, and can improve the tolerance of the patient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical appliances, in particular to a flexible esophagus electrode catheter which is easy to swallow and position and has a low pacing voltage threshold value for pacing a heart through esophagus.
Background
Due to close anatomical relationship between the esophagus and the heart, the front wall of the esophagus is clung to the rear wall of the left atrium of the heart. By utilizing the anatomical relationship, the esophageal electrode is placed in the esophagus behind the left atrium, the heart is stimulated indirectly by adjusting the electric stimulation sent by the esophageal atrial pacing instrument, the electrophysiological parameters of the heart of the human body can be measured, and an esophageal electrocardiogram is generated, so that a basis is provided for arrhythmia diagnosis. The esophageal atrial pacing is a simple and noninvasive cardiac electrophysiology diagnosis and treatment technology widely applied clinically, and is characterized in that an esophageal electrode reaches the corresponding part of the esophagus through the nostril or the oral cavity of a patient to indirectly pace the left atrium and the left ventricle. The method is used for detecting the functions of sinus node and atrioventricular conduction, revealing the electrophysiological characteristics of the pre-excitation bypass and detecting multiple bypasses, and inducing, parting and terminating paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, protecting pacing of the heart, cardiac load test, first aid of cardiac arrest and the like.
Currently, in clinical esophageal pacing procedures, it is necessary to rapidly and accurately deliver the esophageal electrode into the esophagus at the posterior left atrium. How to make a specific electrical contact that is stable and large in area at a given depth of the esophagus becomes a problem to be solved in clinical practice. At present, the common domestic esophageal electrode catheter DF-5A has a diameter of 2.1mm (7 Fr) and a length of about 120cm, the electrode catheter is made of PVC, and the electrode tip is made of austenitic stainless steel material. In the actual use process, the problems of the stimulation symptom of a subject caused by high pacing voltage and the difficult passing of the nasopharynx part caused by high hardness of the catheter exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a flexible esophageal electrode catheter with a low pacing voltage threshold and easy to swallow for positioning, characterized in that the catheter comprises: the device comprises a tube body, a plurality of first annular electrodes, a plurality of second annular electrodes and a built-in electrode;
the built-in electrode is arranged in the tube body and is electrically connected with the plurality of first annular electrodes and the plurality of second annular electrodes;
the plurality of first ring electrodes are stimulating electrodes which are connected with an esophageal heart electrophysiological stimulator,
the plurality of second ring electrodes are recording electrodes that are connected to an esophageal electrocardiograph.
Preferably, the plurality of first ring electrodes and the plurality of second ring electrodes are distributed at the front end and the rear end of the tube body, and the plurality of first ring electrodes and the plurality of second ring electrodes are distributed at intervals; the annular electrodes at the front end and the rear end of the tube body are in one-to-one correspondence.
Preferably, the tube body is obtained by mechanically and synchronously hot drawing the flexible material prefabricated rod of the embedded cavity and the built-in electrode.
Preferably, the first annular electrodes and the second annular electrodes are connected with the built-in electrode with the port opening after hot drawing and are wrapped on the outer wall of the tube body.
Preferably, the material of the pipe body is a low-modulus thermoplastic elastomer material.
Preferably, the diameter of the tube body is 1-5mm.
Preferably, the diameters of the first ring electrodes and the second ring electrodes are preferably fit to the inner film of the esophagus; the spacing between the first annular electrodes and the second annular electrodes is 1-10mm.
Preferably, the diameters of the first annular electrodes and the second annular electrodes are 5-10mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. the low pacing voltage threshold and easy-to-swallow positioning transesophageal flexible electrode catheter tube body is made of flexible materials, can conform to the physiological anatomical structure of esophagus, is suitable for the action of swallowing the esophagus, has small irritation to a subject in the entering process, and can improve the tolerance of patients;
2. the area of the metal ring electrode is large, the pacing threshold can be effectively reduced, meanwhile, the metal ring electrode has a large diameter, can be attached to the inner film of the esophagus in the swallowing process, is easy to enter the deep part of the esophagus by utilizing the peristaltic motion of the esophagus, and improves the entering efficiency of the catheter;
3. the metal ring electrode array has higher density, is convenient for doctors to select the optimal pacing position for stimulation in the stimulation process, and meanwhile, the distance between the recording electrode and the stimulation electrode is smaller, so that the accuracy of the esophageal electrocardiogram is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an esophageal pacing flexible electrode catheter of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. the front end of the electrode catheter; 2. a flexible pipe body; 3. the rear end of the electrode catheter; 4. a ring electrode; 5. an internal electrode; 6. an elastic tube body layer.
The present invention will be described in further detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to represent or limit the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the flexible electrode catheter for esophageal pacing according to the invention; the electrode catheter comprises an electrode catheter front end 1, a flexible pipe body 2 and an electrode catheter rear end 3, wherein a plurality of annular electrodes are arranged at the electrode catheter front end, and the annular electrodes at the electrode catheter rear end 3 are in one-to-one correspondence with the electrode catheter front end 1.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the diameter of the electrode catheter shaft is 1-5mm, preferably 1mm, and the spacing of the ring electrodes is 1-10mm, preferably 1mm, so that stimulation and recording are performed at a higher electrode array density. The number of ring electrodes in this embodiment was 10, in which the number of esophageal recording electrodes was set to 4, the number of esophageal stimulating electrodes was set to 6, and 3 stimulating electrode groups and 2 recording electrode groups at an intermediate interval were used as configurations.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is that the stimulating electrode group is formed by a plurality of electrode groups together for carrying out the esophageal electrophysiological electric pulse stimulation, the electrode corrosion is reduced by the plurality of electrode groups, meanwhile, the contact impedance and the current density are reduced due to the increase of the equivalent area of the electrode, so that the heart pacing can be driven by smaller stimulating voltage, the tolerance of a patient is improved, and the interference on an esophageal electrocardiogram is reduced due to the low stimulating voltage.
In addition, the esophagus electrode catheter with the flexible tube body and the metal ring electrode is used for carrying out esophagus electrophysiological electric pulse stimulation, the tolerance of the patient to swallow is improved due to the higher flexibility of the tube body, meanwhile, the positioning precision caused by the electrode array density is improved, the contact impedance and the current density are reduced at the accurate stimulation position, the pacing voltage is smaller, and the tolerance of the patient is improved.
Example 2
The invention also provides a preparation method of the flexible esophagus electrode catheter with low driving voltage and easy swallowing.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the flexible electrode catheter for esophageal pacing according to the invention; the elastic layer 6 of the electrode catheter is obtained by mechanically and synchronously hot drawing the prefabricated rod of the pre-buried cavity and the built-in multi-electrode 5 in a wire drawing tower, after hot drawing, the built-in electrodes and the metal link electrodes 4 are welded through openings at two ends of each electrode to obtain the transesophageal pacing multi-electrode catheter with front-end electrodes and rear-end electrodes in one-to-one correspondence; wherein the built-in electrode 5 comprises enameled wires, stainless steel wires and the like; the diameter of the metal ring electrode 4 is 5-10mm, the metal ring electrode is suitable for being attached to the inner film of the esophagus, the area of the metal ring electrode is large, the pacing threshold can be effectively reduced, meanwhile, the metal ring electrode has a large diameter, can be attached to the inner film of the esophagus in the swallowing process, can easily enter the deep part of the esophagus by utilizing the peristaltic motion of the esophagus, and improves the entering efficiency of the catheter.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the pipe body of the electrode catheter is made of thermoplastic styrene block copolymer, the built-in electrode is made of stainless steel wire, a thermoplastic styrene block copolymer preform with 12 reserved electrode channels is placed in an annular heating furnace at 230 ℃, and the preform and the mechanically stretched stainless steel wire form flexible fibers with 12 electrodes under the action of heat softening and shrinking;
and after hot drawing, connecting the built-in electrode 5 with the metal link electrode 4 through openings at two ends of each electrode to obtain the esophagus electrode catheter.
The pitch of the ring electrodes in this embodiment is 10mm. The number of ring electrodes was 12, the number of esophageal recording electrodes in this example was 4, the number of esophageal stimulating electrodes was 8, and 4 stimulating electrode groups and 2 recording electrode groups at an intermediate interval were used as configurations.
Example 3
The invention also provides a high-density esophageal electric pulse stimulation system based on the esophageal electrode catheter in the embodiment 1, which comprises a stimulation device, the esophageal electrode catheter and an esophageal electrocardiograph. The stimulation device is configured to generate at least one sequence of electrical pulses for electrically stimulating esophageal cells using cathodic stimulation. The esophageal electrode catheter is the esophageal electrode catheter in embodiment 1, and is connected with a stimulation device and provided with an electrode for applying at least one electric pulse sequence to esophageal cells and an electrode for acquiring electrophysiological change data of a patient after the patient is stimulated by the electric pulses to drive the heart to pace; referring to fig. 1, an electrode for applying at least one electric pulse sequence to esophageal cells is a stimulating electrode set, and an electrode for acquiring electrophysiological change data of a patient after electric pulse stimulation to drive heart pacing is an esophageal electrocardiograph recording electrode set. The esophageal electrocardiograph is connected with the esophageal electrode catheter and is used for recording and displaying electrophysiological change data obtained by the esophageal electrode catheter.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A flexible esophageal electrode catheter with a low pacing voltage threshold for easy swallow positioning, the catheter comprising: the device comprises a tube body, a plurality of first annular electrodes, a plurality of second annular electrodes and a built-in electrode;
the built-in electrode is arranged in the tube body and is electrically connected with the plurality of first annular electrodes and the plurality of second annular electrodes;
the plurality of first ring electrodes are stimulating electrodes which are connected with an esophageal heart electrophysiological stimulator,
the plurality of second ring electrodes are recording electrodes that are connected to an esophageal electrocardiograph.
2. The electrode catheter of claim 1, wherein the plurality of first ring electrodes and the plurality of second ring electrodes are distributed at the front end and the rear end of the tube body, and the plurality of first ring electrodes and the plurality of second ring electrodes are arranged at intervals; the annular electrodes at the front end and the rear end of the tube body are in one-to-one correspondence.
3. The electrode catheter of claim 1, wherein the tube is thermally drawn mechanically in synchronization with the built-in electrode through a flexible material preform of the pre-buried channel.
4. The electrode catheter of claim 3, wherein the plurality of first ring electrodes and the plurality of second ring electrodes are attached to and wrapped around the outer wall of the tube body by the internal electrodes that are thermally pulled to the port opening.
5. The electrode catheter of claim 1, wherein the material of the tube body is a low modulus thermoplastic elastomer material.
6. The electrode catheter of claim 1, wherein the tube has a diameter of 1-5mm.
7. The electrode catheter of claim 1, wherein the diameters of the plurality of first ring electrodes and the plurality of second ring electrodes are preferably in contact with the esophageal intima; the spacing between the first annular electrodes and the second annular electrodes is 1-10mm.
8. The electrode catheter of claim 1, wherein the plurality of first ring electrodes and the plurality of second ring electrodes have a diameter of 5-10mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311151375.3A CN117017302A (en) | 2023-09-07 | 2023-09-07 | Flexible esophagus electrode catheter with low pacing voltage threshold and easy swallowing and positioning |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311151375.3A CN117017302A (en) | 2023-09-07 | 2023-09-07 | Flexible esophagus electrode catheter with low pacing voltage threshold and easy swallowing and positioning |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117017302A true CN117017302A (en) | 2023-11-10 |
Family
ID=88643220
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311151375.3A Pending CN117017302A (en) | 2023-09-07 | 2023-09-07 | Flexible esophagus electrode catheter with low pacing voltage threshold and easy swallowing and positioning |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117017302A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-09-07 CN CN202311151375.3A patent/CN117017302A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP3880293B1 (en) | Out of plane deflectable catheters | |
| US6173205B1 (en) | Electrophysiology catheter | |
| WELLENS et al. | Electrical stimulation of the heart in patients with ventricular tachycardia | |
| EP0428812B1 (en) | Intracardiac catheter, magneto-cardiographically localizable, for mapping and pacing provided with means for ablation of arrythmogenic tissue | |
| US5179952A (en) | Electrocardial stimulator probe | |
| US8615294B2 (en) | Electrode devices for nerve stimulation and cardiac sensing | |
| CN108778173A (en) | Systems, devices and methods for impulse electric field ablation energy to be delivered to endocardial tissue | |
| WO2015175944A1 (en) | Methods and apparatus for multi-catheter tissue ablation | |
| CN107205772A (en) | timing energy delivery | |
| CN112451083B (en) | Multipolar catheter that melts and subassembly thereof | |
| CN2782017Y (en) | Electrical physiological electrode conduit | |
| CN114469308B (en) | Pulsed electric field ablation system | |
| CN2822515Y (en) | Electrophysiology electrode catheter | |
| CN114404035A (en) | Ablation device | |
| CN113100916A (en) | Using a monopolar configuration for irreversible electroporation (IRE) | |
| JP2022013664A (en) | Temperature control for ire | |
| CN115969508A (en) | Annular mapping and ablation catheter and system | |
| CN115969500A (en) | Multifunctional PFA pulse ablation catheter assembly | |
| Jenkins et al. | Use of the pill electrode for transesophageal atrial pacing | |
| CN117017302A (en) | Flexible esophagus electrode catheter with low pacing voltage threshold and easy swallowing and positioning | |
| CN215228345U (en) | Space bent spiral multi-ring pulmonary vein ablation catheter | |
| CN111407258A (en) | Multi-anode esophagus heart electrophysiology catheter technology | |
| RU82421U1 (en) | ELECTRODE FOR TEMPORARY TRANSESOGRAVAL ELECTROSTIMULATION OF THE HEART | |
| CN213724419U (en) | Esophagus electrode catheter | |
| CN213724437U (en) | Multi-anode esophageal electrode catheter |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |