CN116915809A - Intelligent refrigerated container Internet of things system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system, which comprises a cooler of a refrigerated container unit, wherein the cooler sets operational data of a refrigerated container; the intelligent terminal is communicated with the refrigerator, and the refrigerator is used for setting the operation data of the refrigerated container or acquiring the operation data of the refrigerated container set by the refrigerator; the intelligent terminal also comprises a release module for releasing the operation data of the refrigerated container to the public through the public platform. In the invention, the public platform is utilized to release real-time data of the operation of the refrigerated container, and the container transportation participants acquire the data from the public platform, so that the whole-course transparency of the refrigerated container can be effectively improved, and the quality of service of the whole cold chain transportation process, the management benefit of a storage yard of the refrigerated container and the satisfaction of shippers are greatly improved.

Description

Intelligent refrigerated container Internet of things system

Technical Field

The invention relates to an intelligent refrigerated container Internet of things system.

Background

In the present case, the refrigerated container is loaded with refrigerated goods or the refrigerated goods leaves the yard and becomes a black box, and no matter the owner, the freight agent or the ship company knows what happens on the way, and the data of temperature, humidity and the like in the box is not clear until the next node is reached. In some countries or regions, the container is very easy to be stolen, as small as door opening and article theft, as large as the whole container is lost, and no trouble is caused to a carrier and shipper. During land transportation of refrigerated containers, truck drivers often power down the refrigerated container en route against operating regulations to save costs, cope with cargo owner checks in an "intermittent chill" manner or in a manner that is powered on for one hour prior to final delivery, for controlled fuel expenditure, have long become a popular industry rule and subject to problems. The refrigerated container has many transportation nodes and long chain, and relates to sea transportation, storage yard, wharf, land transportation, partial lines, railways and the like. And when the customs inspection finds that the frozen product is frozen, returning or destroying the frozen product. A box of cold chain goods is often hundreds of thousands or millions of primordial notes worth, and the occurrence of spoilage losses often makes shippers and consignees very discontented and intolerant. Abnormal working or temperature exceeding the set range of the refrigerated container unit leads to the spoilage and deterioration loss of refrigerated goods, and the generated responsibility identification and legal disputes often cause the multi-party dumping responsibility and the national litigation. The publication shows that, in the last two years, the association of claims 5 in 2022 shows that the company accepted more than 250 cases in terms of refrigerator freight claims, the cost of claims for such cases is generally high and recently has shown an increasing trend. But how the responsibility is fairly divided is always a pain spot and a fuzzy zone of the cold chain transportation industry chain. At present, the technical proposal tries to additionally install a plurality of temperature and temperature sensors or video terminals in a refrigerated container for data recording and wireless feedback, but the installation is too complex, the cost is high, the long-term maintenance and the maintenance of a good state are generally difficult, and the possibility of large-scale popularization and application is completely not provided. There are also solutions that attempt to solve the problem by interfacing the refrigerated container controller to upload the read data to the data processing platform, but no effective comprehensive solution is presented to the data transmission difficulties during open sea transportation.

Refrigerated containers are similar in principle to domestic refrigerators, with compressors, condensers, expansion valves, evaporators and other accessories, but differ in size, structural power function. Typically most product models are dominated by 380 volt or 440 volt three phase ac power. The phenomenon that the refrigerated container basically has a special storage yard is formed due to the large power consumption, the transformer substation requirement and the management specificity (the regular inspection is necessary) and different city power voltage standards in different countries. Special sockets for supplying power to refrigerated containers are arranged on storage yards, wharfs and container ships. Unlike a domestic refrigerator, which has distinguished a refrigerating area and a freezing area, a refrigerated container is distinguished between a refrigerating mode and a freezing mode according to a set temperature required for goods. The refrigeration mode generally focuses on observing the return air temperature and the refrigeration mode generally focuses on observing the supply air temperature.

At present, since the refrigerated container is loaded with refrigerated goods or the refrigerated goods leave the warehouse and becomes a black box, no matter the owner, the freight agent or the ship company knows what happens on the way before the refrigerated container reaches the next node, and the data of temperature, humidity and the like in the box are not clear. After the loss occurs, responsibility is difficult to identify.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects that the prior refrigerated container is lost after being loaded with refrigerated goods or the refrigerated goods leave a goods yard and the responsibility is difficult to identify, the invention provides an intelligent refrigerated container Internet of things system which obtains the running data of the refrigerated container through the communication with the cooler of the refrigerated container and then releases the running data outwards through a release platform.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the technical purpose is as follows: an intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system comprises a cooler of a refrigerated container unit, wherein the cooler is used for setting operational data of a refrigerated container; the intelligent terminal is communicated with the refrigerator, and the refrigerator is used for setting the operation data of the refrigerated container or acquiring the operation data of the refrigerated container set by the refrigerator; the intelligent terminal also comprises a release module for releasing the operation data of the refrigerated container to the public through the public platform.

Further, in the intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system, the following steps are provided: the operation data of the refrigerated container comprises parameters such as temperature, humidity, air supply temperature, return air temperature, working condition of a compressor, operation fault codes and the like.

Further, in the intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system, the following steps are provided: the intelligent terminal is arranged in the control cabinet of the refrigerated container unit and is communicated with the refrigerator through a multifunctional hardware interface wire harness; the multifunctional hardware interface wire harness comprises an RS485 wire harness, an RS232 wire harness, a CAN wire harness and a ModBus wire harness.

Further, in the intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system, the following steps are provided: the public platform comprises a platform client, an APP, a WeChat applet and a public number.

Further, in the intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system, the following steps are provided: the intelligent terminal is internally provided with a wireless communication module; the wireless communication module comprises: LORA module, big dipper short message module, satellite communication module, USB interface, encryption chip WLAN Mesh module, on-board communication network basic equipment interface, TF/SF card, RTK high accuracy, zigbee, extension I/O.

Further, in the intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system, the following steps are provided: the accessory integrated antenna of the intelligent terminal is arranged at the groove on the outer surface of the refrigerated container through gluing and threads, and is connected with the terminal host through a radio frequency line.

Further, in the intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system, the following steps are provided: the intelligent terminal is fixed on a strip-shaped fixing plate through screws; the strip-shaped fixing plate is fixed with the cabinet body of the control cabinet of the cooling machine through four screw holes with center hole distances of A=301+ -5 mm and B=29+ -2.9 mm.

Further, in the intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system, the following steps are provided: the electrical interface of the intelligent terminal and the refrigerator control cabinet comprises a signal transmission socket and a power socket; the signal transmission socket is a 7-pin socket for signal transmission; the power socket is a 3-pin socket for providing 24V AC power; in the 7-pin socket and the 3-pin socket, the distance between two adjacent pins is 5.08 plus or minus 0.2mm; the signal transmission socket and the power socket are welded on the PCBA circuit board of the terminal or led out from the terminal in the form of a transfer wire harness.

Further, in the intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system, the following steps are provided: the door magnetic switch wireless module is used for detecting the door switch of the refrigerated container; in order to avoid the short-distance defect of Bluetooth communication and the high power consumption defect of WIFI communication, the door magnetic switch wireless module comprises a LORA 1G communication module which is in wireless communication with an intelligent terminal host, a strong magnet which is fixed at the inner side groove of a container cabin door, and a main body which comprises an induction/trigger circuit and a wireless module and is arranged at the inner side groove of the cabin door at the other side.

Further, in the intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system, the following steps are provided: the intelligent terminal is also provided with a remote control module; the remote control module comprises a remote upgrading intelligent terminal firmware version module, a remote sensor threshold value adjusting module, a remote dormancy and awakening working mode modifying module, a remote data acquisition and uploading interval adjusting module, a remote server IP address and port changing module and a remote start-stop cooling module.

In the invention, the public platform is utilized to release real-time data of the operation of the refrigerated container, and the container transportation participants acquire the data from the public platform, so that the whole-course transparency of the refrigerated container can be effectively improved, and the quality of service of the whole cold chain transportation process, the management benefit of a storage yard of the refrigerated container and the satisfaction of shippers are greatly improved.

In addition, the invention can be used for realizing high-efficiency inspection in the ship transportation process or storage stage of the refrigerated container, avoids the trouble of operating a large number of liquid crystal panels of the refrigerated container unit one by one, improves the working efficiency, improves the real-time performance of the abnormal accident response of the refrigerated container, and provides the inspection data with accuracy and reliability.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and to specific embodiments.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of a door magnet according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a block diagram of an integrated antenna structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the battery powered sleep mode of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a round of data acquisition and uploading in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an example of an APP interface implementation in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a 3-pin socket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a 3-pin socket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of a terminal body according to embodiment 1 of the present invention fastened to an elongated fixing plate by screws.

Detailed Description

In embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system, which has an intelligent terminal, and the intelligent terminal communicates with a controller (hereinafter referred to as a chiller) of a refrigerated container unit through a multi-channel wired interface, acquires and stores data such as set temperature, supply air temperature, return air temperature, humidity, compressor working condition, operation fault code and the like from the chiller, and uploads the data to an information processing platform, a public release platform, a carrier or a terminal owner of refrigerated goods or frozen goods (hereinafter referred to as refrigerated goods together) and provides information from the terminal to a shipper, a freight agency company, a dock, a yard, a ship company, a freight driver, a middle European Ban Lie and other refrigerated container transportation participants in the form of platform clients, APP, a WeChat, a public number and the like, so that the whole transparency of the refrigerated container can be effectively improved, and the quality of the whole-process service of the cold chain transportation and the management benefit of the refrigerated container yard and the satisfaction of the shipper can be greatly improved.

In order to acquire information such as temperature and humidity in the refrigerated container, and meanwhile, to avoid installing a sensor in the container, in the embodiment, the intelligent terminal acquires information such as temperature and humidity of the refrigerated container by communicating with a cooler through a multifunctional hardware interface wire harness including RS485, RS232, CAN and ModBus. Currently, most of the global refrigerated containers are manufactured by China, the cold machine production of the refrigerated containers belongs to the technology intensive high-end manufacturing industry, and global manufacturers are highly concentrated on five manufacturers of Kaili (Carrier), daikin (Daikin), TK (Cold king), star Cool (Mitsubishi). The multiplexed multifunction hardware interface harness can interface with any chiller (except for very individual minor brands). And acquiring the communication protocol text of the chiller through cooperation with the business authorization of the chiller manufacturer. Meanwhile, in order to solve the problem that communication protocols of different cold machine manufacturers are different, in the embodiment, a software interface module is designed, the software interface module automatically identifies the model of the cold machine manufacturer by actively attempting to send a cyclic inquiry cold machine version number to each channel in a multiplexing multifunctional hardware interface wire harness, and after the inquiry is successful, the information of the model number of the cold machine is stored in a FLASH memory in a main control MCU, so that the trouble that the terminal needs to be set when being initially installed is avoided, and the problem that the cold machine manufacturer model is confirmed for a long time after the equipment is restarted is avoided. The data such as the set temperature, the air supply temperature, the air outlet temperature, the humidity, the working condition of the compressor, the operation fault code and the like provided by the cooler are used, so that the cost of self-installing various sensors in the refrigerated container and the complicated maintenance work in the later period can be avoided, and the trouble caused by inconsistent data between the refrigerated container and the terminal is avoided. Typically, shippers would prefer to trust the data of the original equipment manufacturer of the refrigerated container. The terminal not only provides the function of collecting the real-time running data of the cold machine and transmitting a control instruction to the cold machine to modify the running parameters of the cold machine, but also has the functions of collecting the temperature log data of the cold machine and collecting the event log data of the cold machine.

In order to avoid the situation that the intelligent terminal is possibly collided with goods when being installed in the container, the intelligent terminal designed in the embodiment is installed in a control cabinet of a refrigerated container unit, an accessory integrated antenna of the intelligent terminal is installed at a groove on the outer surface of the refrigerated container through gluing and threads, and the integrated antenna is connected with a terminal host through a radio frequency line as shown in fig. 3.

In order to facilitate PTI pre-inspection or inspection, a WLAN (or wireless Mesh) interface module is provided for accessing a storage yard or on-board monitoring center, so that the storage yard or on-board monitoring center can conveniently monitor the running state of the refrigerated container in real time. Preferably, the coverage area and the network capacity of the wireless network can be easily enlarged in a storage yard and a ship by using a Mesh wireless network module interface. The WLAN (Mesh) interface has relatively large power consumption, and the ZIGBEE wireless communication module is suitable for transmitting low-rate and low-frequency data under the condition of battery power supply. ZigBee is a bidirectional wireless network technology, uses a 2.4GHz frequency band, and has obvious low cost, low power consumption and the like. More preferably, the two modules are matched in a time-sharing way, so that the full-time wireless inspection of the refrigerated container is realized, and the PTI pre-inspection cost of the refrigerated container is saved. In this embodiment, one implementation of WLAN (Mesh) or ZigBee is just required, but two collocations are better.

In general, except for the situations of shipping, transferring, etc., which are unavoidable in a short time, whether on land or at sea, the refrigerated container which is loaded should be connected to a special ac power supply, and the blower and the return fan should be turned on and the refrigerating function should be started, whether in a yard or in the land transportation. And no single I/O or sensor can reflect the following states simultaneously: whether the refrigerated container is electrified, whether the blower is turned on, whether the return air machine is turned on, and whether the cooler starts the refrigeration function. In order to obtain the real state of the refrigerated container, in this embodiment, a cold machine state detection module is designed, which is configured to collect the power state of the cold machine (to determine whether the refrigerated container is electrified) through a detection circuit on hardware, detect the validity of received data on a wire harness of the multifunctional hardware interface (to determine whether the cold machine is refrigerated, the cold machine will not output communication protocol data under the condition that the cold machine is electrified only and refrigeration is not started), detect and collect the working state of the blower through the detection circuit (to determine whether the blower fan is started), detect and collect the working state of the return air fan (to determine whether the return air fan is started), comprehensively analyze and determine whether the refrigerated container is electrified, whether the blower fan and the return air machine are started, whether the cold machine is started for refrigeration on software, store and upload the data to an information processing platform, so that the problems of abnormal power failure of the operation procedure during transportation of the refrigerated container can be effectively recorded, or the refrigeration is not started for unreasonably controlling the fuel cost.

In order to solve the terminal and be located unable communication of cellular communication signal blind area and cause the problem that gathers data and lose, this utility model design has used blind area to mend and has passed data buffer, when can't effectively communicate with information processing platform, and data temporary storage is in the buffer, treat wireless cellular communication and resume after normal, master control MCU mends the data of passing to information processing platform in the buffer. The buffer design time of the blind area complementary transmission data buffer is longer than 30 days. The TF/SD card is used for storing debugging information, is convenient for field debugging after-sale maintenance and is also used for backing up encrypted cold machine data. The USB interface is used for manually acquiring the encrypted cold machine data history record in the field. The expansion I/O module is used for providing functions such as firmware JTAG burning, factory testing, field upgrading and the like.

In order to acquire geographic position information of a refrigerated container, an intelligent terminal (MCU) of the embodiment is in butt joint with a GNSS multimode multi-frequency satellite positioning module and the GNSS positioning module through serial ports to support and receive a plurality of frequency point signals of five constellations including Beidou, GPS, GLONASS Geranos, galileo and QZSS zenith. The GNSS module can achieve more accurate and faster positioning if it supports receiving and processing SBAS satellite-based augmentation signals (WAAS, european EGNOS, japanese MSAS, indian GAGAN, russian SDCM). In general, a patrol passage is reserved for overhauling and timing recording temperature and humidity data of a cold machine control cabinet of a refrigerated container, whether in a storage yard or on a ship. The refrigerated container is often stacked in multiple layers in a storage yard wharf or marine transportation process, and under the condition that only a patrol passage is reserved between two stacks of refrigerated containers, a limited sky view similar to a courtyard effect can be formed, and the number of single GPS or single Beidou satellites which can be received by a terminal GNSS positioning antenna can be less than 4. The terminal is theoretically unable to effectively locate when receiving less than 4 satellite signals. Through the multi-frequency GNSS module supporting multi-constellation joint positioning, the total number of the satellites can be greatly increased, and the multi-mode multi-frequency GNSS module can be rapidly and effectively positioned even if the terminal is positioned in a narrow limited sky view angle environment (such as the middle of two stacks of refrigerated containers with only a patrol passage). The terminal time reference comes from the Beidou time service function, and in a closed environment in which the Beidou signals cannot be received, the RTC circuit inside the terminal is used for timing. And the terminal is uploaded to the information processing platform at UTC time and 8H Beijing time no matter which country and region the terminal is located in.

In general, in an open environment, the GPS single-mode single-frequency module or the BDS single-mode single-frequency module can be effectively positioned within 45 seconds, and achieve an actual measurement accuracy of 2.5 meters to 10 meters (the actual measurement accuracy is jointly influenced by multiple factors such as the environmental opening degree, the antenna parameters of the receiver, the algorithm advantages and disadvantages of the positioning module, the refraction and reflection coefficients of the surrounding environment, and the like). More preferably, in order to achieve the effect of lane-level positioning and yard dock yard centimeter-level/sub-meter-level high-precision positioning (centimeter-level in open environment and sub-meter-level in non-open environment, and positioning precision is different according to different space environments where a terminal is located) in the highway transportation process, the GNSS module supports RTK real-time dynamic carrier phase differential positioning technology, a third party RTK differential service account number is configured in terminal firmware, a CORS continuous operation reference station system for providing business services by a third party is accessed, differential correction data is acquired, a CPU in the GNSS module outputs NMEA 0183 format high-precision position data to a main control MCU through a serial port after the original observed quantity and correction data acquired by the GNSS module are processed through an algorithm model of the data processing platform, and the main control MCU combines and packages data generated by the GNSS modules such as longitude and latitude, elevation and UTC time with data acquired from a cold machine and uploads the data to the information processing platform. RTK location can greatly strengthen the precision of GNSS location, realizes centimeter level/sub-meter level accurate positioning effect, reaches the purpose of accurately seeking the case at the stock yard pier goods yard, improves the convenience degree of trailer driver and inspection personnel. In the range of a yard wharf, the terminal is highly concentrated, so that a differential reference station can be built, the cost is low, the method is generally acceptable, and a third party RTK differential service account number does not need to be purchased. However, because the GNSS module needs to support the RTK function, the cost of terminal hardware will be slightly increased, and the RTK high-precision positioning function is preferably provided to the client as a user-selectable function or on a highly-configured terminal model.

The terminal designed in this embodiment roams to all countries and regions around the world along with the refrigerated container, and in order to match with communication base stations of different standards in all countries and regions, the main control MCU of the present invention is connected with a 2G/3G/4G/5G multi-standard communication module in a docking manner through a serial port, typically, supports GSM, UMTS, LTE, TDD signals. The global roaming flow SIM card provided by the telecom operator can realize the cellular network signal access of most countries and regions in the world. Meanwhile, the cellular communication module and the information processing platform support an LBS base station positioning function, and even if a GNSS module of the terminal is damaged or a container is located in an extremely narrow space view angle, the low-precision positioning effect can be achieved. At present, 3G in China has been removed from the network, and the policy of 2G users has been no longer increased in principle. The communication module supporting the 2G/3G/4G/5G global frequency band needs to apply for ordering to the communication module manufacturer separately.

In this embodiment, the peak current can reach 1.5A due to the use of the wireless communication module and the satellite communication module with larger instantaneous transmission power. In general, most electronic products are powered by using a DC low-voltage direct-current power supply, and in order to ensure that terminal damage caused by mixed use of a power supply plug or unstable terminal work caused by insufficient power load capacity, the invention designs a nominal 24V AC power supply, provides 8V to 120V DC direct-current input protection, and reduces the workload of terminal post maintenance to a certain extent because a red power supply indicator lamp of the terminal is not lightened and does not work completely after other power supply plugs are inserted.

In order to detect the open and close state of the door of the refrigerated container, as shown in fig. 2, the present invention designs a door magnetic switch wireless module as an accessory of a terminal. In order to avoid the short-distance defect of Bluetooth communication and the high power consumption defect of WIFI communication, the door magnetic switch wireless module adopts a LORA 1G communication mode to carry out wireless communication with the terminal. The main control MCU is communicated with the door magnetic switch wireless module through the LORA SUB 1G communication module. To identify each of the different door magnetic switch wireless modules, each LORA module has a unique identification ID. The strong magnet is fixed in the inner side groove of the container cabin door, and the main body containing the induction/trigger circuit and the wireless module is arranged in the inner side groove of the cabin door on the other side (the cabin door is closed as close as possible). When the door is opened or closed, the induction circuit generates induction signals and simultaneously generates interrupt signals to trigger the low-power-consumption LORA 1G wireless module, the LORA module is activated from a low-power-consumption standby state to enter a working state, the LORA module enables the induced circuit state to be low-level 0 or high-level 1 (corresponding to the door closing state and the door opening state respectively), through combining ID parameters of the LORA module, digital signals with a certain format (7 bytes ID+1 bytes of on-off state+1 bytes of check code) are converted, and the digital signals are transmitted to a terminal host through a SUB 1G frequency band, so that the purpose of acquiring the state of a container door is achieved. Meanwhile, when the terminal host is electrified and started, the terminal host can also actively send a state inquiry instruction to the ID number of the door magnetic switch wireless module which is configured and recorded in the initial installation.

Typically, a manual PTI pre-check is required to confirm that the cold machine is operating properly before delivery, and a heavy container is required to be regularly inspected and temperature-etc. operating parameters (typically 2 to 6 hours apart, depending on stack plant operating regulations) are recorded at the yard. The invention designs a wireless detection module which is a software function module running on a mobile phone, when a person approaches to the vicinity of a refrigerated container, the module is automatically connected with a terminal through Bluetooth and transmits operation parameters to the mobile phone, and the mobile phone APP records and forwards the operation parameters to an information processing platform (can be simultaneously forwarded to a storage yard monitoring center). When the cold machine works normally, the module controls the buzzer to sound three sounds lightly to prompt; when the work of the cold machine is abnormal, the module controls the buzzer Chang Ming to warn the patrol personnel to maintain and process. Because the inspection also needs to observe factors such as cabin doors and cleaning conditions on site, the wireless inspection module can not completely replace manual inspection, but the workload of manual inspection can be greatly reduced.

There is typically no communication base station available for open sea transportation. Three open sea communication schemes are designed in the embodiment so as to meet the data transmission requirement during open sea transportation. These functions are provided to the user in a single or multiple combined user-selected manner, or on a highly configured product model. The three modes are respectively multiplexing on-board communication network infrastructure modules, built-in Beidou short message communication modules and built-in low-orbit satellite communication modules. The three modes are provided in a mode that users can select and match or select high-grade models when ordering goods. Some cargo ships are provided with shipboard special 4G LTE cellular networks (such as solutions and products provided by wireless maritime service WMS), the design provides a software interface with the special cellular networks, and a user can configure parameters through a serial port or Bluetooth APP mode. These parameters typically include a private network access point name APN, a user name and password, etc. The terminal sends the data to the shipborne special 4G LTE cellular network, and the special network forwards the received data to the information processing platform through the satellite, and meanwhile, the data can be forwarded to a cargo ship monitoring center to automatically monitor the cold machine running condition of the refrigerated container. In general, when a refrigerated container is transported in open sea, a shipper is obligated to check at regular time (generally at intervals of 3 hours, different depending on the operation regulations of a container transport cargo ship) and record the running states of the refrigerated container such as temperature and humidity parameters, etc., if the refrigerated container is abnormal in operation or generates an alarm signal, the shipper is obligated to timely inform land personnel in order to avoid damage of the refrigerated goods or the refrigerated goods, and receive remote guidance of the land personnel to repair and reduce loss.

In practice, after the refrigerated container is loaded on the ship, in the ocean navigation process, in order to ensure that the refrigerating function of the refrigerated container (cold box or refrigerator for short) runs normally and does not cause the spoilage and damage of goods, the refrigerated container needs to be periodically inspected according to the transportation requirement of shippers and the operation regulations of ships. The frequency of periodic inspection varies with the operating regulations of the shipcompany, usually twice daily. The traditional inspection mode is that inspection crews carry record books with them to operate and record the necessary information of the set temperature, the air supply temperature, the return air temperature and the like of each refrigerated container. If the temperature exceeds the temperature range allowed by the shipper or abnormal working of the refrigerated container is found, the relevant personnel are informed to check and repair. The inspection mode is low in efficiency, long in period and incapable of guaranteeing the accuracy and reliability of data, and potential safety hazards can be generated in the climbing process by workers due to the complex shipborne operation process or the severe offshore weather environment. In this embodiment, the terminal transmits the running parameters of the cold machine to the on-board monitoring center through the on-board special cellular network, so that the work of inspection and data transcription of the crew can be greatly reduced, and the crew can respond to the running failure of the container cold machine on the ship in real time. The utility model discloses built-in big dipper satellite short message communication module simultaneously, big dipper satellite has global network deployment operation, a set of data packet data that the terminal uploaded has terminal ID, settlement temperature, air supply temperature, return air temperature, humidity, cold machine alarm information and cabin door state etc. about 30 a plurality of bytes's information, big dipper No. two single message length is 120 chinese characters (240 bytes) at maximum, big dipper No. three short message can reach 1000 chinese characters (2000 bytes) at maximum, can use big dipper short message communication's mode to upload parameter information to satisfy the monitoring requirement of low frequency low flow completely. Compared with multiplexing on-board communication network infrastructure modules, the method of using Beidou short message communication can increase the hardware cost of the terminal by about one time. The design is internally provided with the low-orbit satellite communication module, and the low-orbit mobile satellite communication has the advantages of small satellite, low cost, high benefit, relatively easy emission, less propagation loss and delay time, reliable transmission quality and the like. Although the method has the characteristics of high bandwidth and stable communication quality, the terminal cost and the use cost of the low-orbit satellite communication module are relatively higher than those of the method. The terminal has an automatic identification function, and when the condition that the cellular network signal is good and the cellular network registration is successful is detected, the cellular network is preferentially used for communication; and automatically switching to a transmission channel for the shipboard private network to communicate with the satellite under the condition that no cellular network signal exists or the cellular signal cannot be registered.

Besides being capable of reading refrigerated container unit data, the terminal also has a remote control function: remote upgrading of terminal firmware version, remote adjustment of sensor threshold value, remote modification of sleep and wake-up working mode, remote adjustment of data acquisition and uploading interval, remote change of server IP address and port, and remote start-stop of cold machine.

Under a typical use scene, when a shipper considers necessary, the temperature in the box can be regulated by sending an instruction from a mobile phone or a computer client, and after receiving the instruction for setting the temperature, the terminal sends different control instructions according to different brands and versions of chillers to set the temperature, so that the shipper can conveniently manage the in-transit temperature of frozen products, and the quality of service and frozen products is improved. In order to ensure the safety of data communication, a cryptographic algorithm encryption chip is designed, and data is deeply encrypted in the communication process, so that the data cannot be maliciously damaged by unauthorized users and frozen goods are prevented from being lost.

In order to solve the problem that the actual installation of a plurality of antennas on a refrigerated container is difficult, the embodiment designs an integrated antenna, as shown in fig. 3, the plurality of antennas are intensively welded on the same PCB, and the PCB is fixed in an IP 67-level waterproof dustproof high-temperature-resistant plastic shell. When the terminal is installed on site, only one integrated antenna is installed, so that the workload of the terminal on site installation is greatly simplified. The integrated antenna shown in fig. 3 is designed according to the signal strength and the signal power. The GNSS positioning antenna, the low-orbit satellite antenna and the Beidou short message antenna are active antennas, and the power supply voltage is 3.5V to 5.0V. The GNSS positioning antenna is designed into a double-layer stacked ceramic antenna, and supports B1C, B1I, L C/A, L1C, G1, B2, L5, E1 and E5 frequency bands and SBAS star-based enhanced signals of BDS/GPS/GLONASS/Galileo/QZSS: united states WAAS, european EGNOS, japan MSAS, india GAGAN, russia SDCM. The cellular communication antenna supports the frequency bands of GSM, UMTS, LTE-FDD, LTE-FDD and the like. The working frequency of the Bluetooth communication antenna is 2400MHz to 2480MHz. The Beidou short message antenna can transmit Lf0, lf1 and Lf2 inbound signals, under the condition that the error rate is less than or equal to 1E-5, the Beidou second signal power is-127.6 dBW, the Beidou third signal power is-123.8 dBm (special segment 24kbps information frame), and the Beidou third signal power is-127.5 dBm (special segment 16kbps information frame). All of these antennas are soldered to the PCB printed circuit board. After the cable is led out from the integrated antenna by about 0.5 meter to 1 meter, 5 FAKAR waterproof plugs are respectively welded and are used for being inserted into corresponding sockets on the shell of the terminal host. The integrated antenna is arranged in a groove at the outer side of the control panel of the container freezer, a hole is drilled on the surface of the container from the back of the integrated antenna, the sealing and waterproof are treated, and the wiring harness is connected to a FAKAR type (or SMA or TNC) socket of a terminal host in the control cabinet after being perforated.

In order to accurately identify the vibration and static state of the refrigerated container, a triaxial acceleration sensor is designed and used. The main control MCU is connected with the triaxial acceleration sensor through an I2C or serial port. The main control MCU can judge two abnormal states of abnormal collision and rollover besides judging two states of vibration and stillness of the refrigerated container according to the read three axial acceleration values of the triaxial acceleration sensor, and upload the abnormal states to the information processing platform for warning.

If the interval between acquisition and uploading is small, for example, data is acquired and uploaded once per second, as shown in table 1: the information processing platform can refresh the geographic position of the refrigerated container and the running parameters of the refrigerating machine in real time, but the flow is larger, and the later use cost is higher, especially under the condition of using satellite communication. The time interval between terminal data acquisition and uploading has direct relation with user feeling, SIM card multinational roaming flow rate, battery power supply standby time length and satellite communication charge, and the indexes are contradictory. The trade-off balance results in an optimized interval time T as shown in the following figure. When the terminal is submitted to the user, the terminal is set according to the optimized time interval T, and the user can also set and adjust on the platform/APP according to the actual situation. The main control MCU (under the coordination of low-power consumption MCU power supply) can greatly improve the intelligent level of the terminal according to the functions of automatic switching acquisition and uploading intervals of various actual scenes, improve the use experience of haulers, and achieve the optimal balance of the refreshing time of the information processing platform and the standby time of the battery, the roaming charge of the international flow card and the communication charge of the satellite. The terminal not only executes data collection according to the optimized time interval T or the interval T which is self-adjusted by the user, but also supports the triggering of the data collection through events (the terminal self-checking finds out the fault or the function warning occurs when running, and then automatically triggers the process of data collection and uploading). Meanwhile, the terminal has a function of retrying transmission in case of communication failure. Under the normal condition of CSQ signals, after a certain communication failure, the terminal automatically retransmits three times at intervals of one minute, if the three times all fail, the satellite communication module is tried to be started (if the user is selected), and after all the attempts fail, the data packet is temporarily stored in the blind area transmission supplementing buffer.

TABLE 1

The terminal has a self-checking function, when the terminal self-checks to find a fault, the terminal can immediately send an alarm message to the information processing platform, and if the fault causes that the alarm message cannot be uploaded to the information processing platform, the alarm message can be recorded in FLASH memories of the terminal main control MCU so as to be convenient for on-site analysis and maintenance. The terminal has a plurality of functions of alarming, and can prompt related personnel to deal with and solve in time when an accident occurs. The specific alarm function and self-checking function are shown in table 2.

The refrigerated container is typically 380V/440V three-phase ac powered, and in the event of a power outage from the external power source, the terminal needs to rely on its own battery backup to remain in normal operation. Typically, empty boxes may be parked at a yard for about 1 week to about 2 months, with the specific time varying depending on refrigerated container freight market conditions. The invention designs a high-capacity battery (a polymer rechargeable lithium battery with the voltage greater than 1 AH) so as to meet the actual requirement of at least 60 days of cruising. The built-in protection circuit board of group battery plays short-circuit protection's effect, also cuts off when the battery is full and charges. The refrigerated container roams globally during operation, and requires high reliability and long service life of the terminal, and the battery charge and discharge times meet the use requirement of the terminal for 5 years. The terminal has a battery electric quantity detection function, and is combined with information such as temperature, humidity and the like, packaged and uploaded to the information processing platform. And when the battery level is less than 5%, the terminal enters a deep sleep state.

TABLE 2

Self-checking alarm	Functional alarm
		Battery failure	Low battery warning
Data line failure	Container collision alarm
		GSNSS module failure	Container side-turning alarm
Failure of cellular communication module	Equipment removal alarm
		Sensor failure (code subdivision)	Alarm for temperature out-of-range
Buffer fault for blind area compensation	Humidity out-of-range alarm
		RTC clock failure	Container power-off alarm
Beidou short message module fault	Cold machine set operation error code alarm
		Low orbit satellite communication module failure
Bluetooth communication module fault
		Integrated antenna open circuit fault
Integrated antenna short circuit fault

The design adopts a double MCU design, the MCU with low PIN PIN number is used for power management, and the MCU with rich interface function is used for master control. Under the condition of an external power supply, the low-power consumption management MCU outputs an I/O control signal, and power supplies of other modules such as the main control MCU and the GNSS positioning module are all turned on. As shown in fig. 4, in the case of battery-only power, the low power management MCU enters a sleep mode, the main control MCU, other modules and circuits, and the integrated antenna are powered off, and the standby current is typically 1 to 5 microamps. The low power consumption management MCU is set to be in timer timing activation wake-up and external power supply detection triggering interrupt wake-up before entering the sleep mode. When the timing time arrives (a typical value is 3 hours and can be set), the low-power management MCU starts up to work, and an I/O control signal is output to turn on the power supply of the main control MCU and various other modules. The master control MCU performs self-checking to complete collection of a group of data packets and sends a serial port instruction to inform the low-power consumption management MCU that a round of data collection and uploading work is completed after the data packets are successfully uploaded to the information processing platform, as shown in fig. 5. The low power consumption management MCU judges whether to trigger at fixed time or detect the I/O trigger by the external power supply. If the I/O trigger is detected for the external power supply, the low power consumption mode is exited, and if the I/O trigger is the timing trigger, the sleep state is entered again.

And indicating the working state of the equipment by using the LED indicator lamp. A POWER POWER indicator light for indicating the POWER supply state of the equipment; the COMM indicator lamp indicates the state of communication between the terminal and the information processing platform; the GNSS indicator light indicates the positioning state of the GNSS module; the REEFER indicator light indicates whether communication with the chiller was successfully established. The RF indicator light indicates whether communication with the magnetic wireless sensor is established. The BT indicator light indicates whether bluetooth has been attached and bluetooth communication status.

In one embodiment, a red POWER indicator light is normally on to indicate that the device has been powered on to 24V AC, and is normally off to indicate that the external POWER to the terminal has been turned off. The green COMM indicator lamp is long and short to indicate that the communication module is damaged or the SIM card can not be read; the green COMM indicator lights are on for a long time indicating that no cellular signal is detected or that registration on the cellular network is impossible; the green COMM indicator lights flash slowly to indicate that a cellular signal has been detected, but the terminal is not yet on-line (i.e., the terminal has not established TCP/UDP communication with the information processing platform); the green COMM indicator flash indicates that TCP/UDP communication has been successfully established with the information processing platform. The blue REEFER indicator lamp is not on to indicate that any communication data of the chiller is not received; the blue REEFER indicator lamp is always on to indicate that the data which is sent by the chiller and cannot be identified in format or content is received; the blue REEFER indicator flash indicates that communication data identifiable by the chiller is received within 30 seconds; the blue REEFER indicator lights flash slowly to indicate that the cold machine is in effective normal communication for 30 seconds. The white RF indication is normally off, which indicates that communication cannot be established with a door magnetic wireless module with a preset ID; the white RF indication slow flashing indication is communicated with the door magnetic wireless sensor normally; the white RF indication flash indicates that a change in the status of the door switch was detected within 30 seconds. The orange BT indicator lights are turned off to indicate that no connection is established with the bluetooth patrol module. The orange BT indicator lights are normally on indicating that a connection to the bluetooth patrol module has been established, but no data has been transmitted. The orange BT indicator flash indicates that bluetooth data is being transmitted.

In two embodiments: the POWER lamp normally lights up and the green light is normally electrified; the STAUTS flash blue lamp represents normal equipment state (all LED indication results are integrated, so that on-site users can conveniently and quickly judge); the GPS lamp is normally lighted to locate normally (single-mode GNSS location); the DATA lamp is normally on indicating that the synchronous chiller DATA was successful (another name for the reever indicator lamp).

In this embodiment, the user may not opt for the satellite communication module or the on-board network communication infrastructure interface module for price reasons. If the container ship monitoring center or the yard monitoring center has practical difficulty on the external open WLAN (or wireless Mesh) interface, the Bluetooth module can be used for short-distance communication so as to realize data acquisition and inspection. The Bluetooth module has low power consumption and low price, and is suitable for inspection during marine transportation or yard inspection. The staff only need carry the cell-phone, just can carry out contactless inspection to nearby cold box, saved the work of carrying out panel operation and registration record quantity to every cold box. Table 3 is the bluetooth patrol application interface design:

TABLE 3 Table 3

In table 3, the bin number refers to a container bin number, and the standard container bin number adopts the ISO6346 standard and is composed of 11-bit codes (the first part is composed of 4-bit english letters, the second part is composed of 6-bit digits, and the third part is the 11 th bit number which is a check code).

An APP interface implementation example is shown in fig. 6: set refers to the Set temperature, sup refers to the supply air supply temperature ret refers to the return air temperature.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, this embodiment designs a 7Pin (7 Pin) and 3Pin (Pin) socket for electrical interface between the terminal and the chiller control cabinet.

Wherein a 3Pin (3 Pin) receptacle is shown in fig. 8 for providing 24V AC power and a 7Pin (7 Pin) receptacle is shown in fig. 7 for signal transmission. The socket may be soldered to the terminal PCBA circuit board or may be provided in the form of a patch cord. In the figure:

L1＝5.08±0.2mm

L2＝2X L1

L3＝6X L1

as shown in fig. 9, in order to fully utilize the very limited and narrow precious space in the refrigerator control cabinet body, the embodiment designs that the terminal main body is fixed on the strip-shaped fixing plate through screws, and then the fixing plate is fixed on the refrigerator control cabinet body through four screws.

In fig. 9: mounting screw hole center distance a=301±5mm; mounting screw hole center distance b=29±2.9mm.

As shown in table 4, the present invention designs the remote operation instruction of SMS short message channel for communication means under special conditions such as after-sales maintenance of terminal or abnormal information processing platform, and the issuing of these instructions requires the use of the mobile phone number registered in advance by the platform. When the mobile phone issues a setting instruction, besides the mobile phone number in the registered white list, the mobile phone also needs to provide an effective short message verification code within three minutes.

Table 4:

although the present invention has been particularly shown and described herein, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present patent as defined by the appended claims, the following is intended to be within the scope of the present invention as defined by the patent of the type indicated.

In an embodiment, the multifunctional hardware interface is realized by a single hardware interface; in an embodiment, the five-mode GNSS module is replaced by a single-mode GNSS module or a dual-mode GNSS module; in the embodiment, the 2G/3G/4G combination or the 2G/4G combination is used for replacing the 2G/3G/4G/5G multi-system wireless communication module. In other embodiments the number or representation of self-checking alarms and functional alarms is inconsistent with the present embodiment; in other embodiments, the terminal intelligently and automatically switches the scene number and the time interval T (frequency) of the data acquisition and uploading time interval according to specific scenes, and the scene number and the time interval T (frequency) are inconsistent or incompletely consistent with the data in the embodiment; in other embodiments, functional modules (RTK functional modules, bluetooth modules, LORA modules, wireless door magnet modules, low-orbit satellite communication modules, beidou short message modules, encryption modules) that may be used by some specific customers, but not necessarily used by some specific customers, are deleted; the number and layout of the antennas in the integrated antenna in other embodiments are not consistent with the present embodiment; in other embodiments, the manufacturer of the cold machine supported by the terminal is not completely consistent with the manufacturer supported in the embodiment; in other embodiments the battery-powered duration or battery type is inconsistent with the present embodiment; in other embodiments the implementation of multiplexing the on-board communication infrastructure is inconsistent or not entirely consistent with the present embodiment; the logic flow in the battery powered sleep mode in other embodiments is inconsistent or not entirely consistent with the embodiment shown in fig. 4; in other embodiments the frequency bands or parameters of the integrated antenna are not exactly the same as in the present embodiment; in other embodiments, the specific content and the parameter number of each round of acquisition and uploading of the main control MCU are not completely consistent with those of the embodiment; in other embodiments, a single MCU/CPU/PLC is used to replace the low power consumption MCU+master MCU of the present embodiment; in other embodiments, a single I/O or sensor detection is used to replace the chiller start-up composite detection module in the embodiment; in other embodiments, the number and the expression mode of the functional items for executing remote control on the chiller through the terminal are inconsistent or not completely consistent with those of the embodiment; in other embodiments the hardware interface is inconsistent when the integrated antenna is connected to the end host; in other embodiments the number, color, definition of LED indicators are inconsistent or not entirely consistent with the present embodiment. The number of sms command names in other embodiments is not exactly the same as in the present embodiment.

Claims (10)

1. An intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system comprises a cooler of a refrigerated container unit, wherein the cooler is used for setting operational data of a refrigerated container; the method is characterized in that: the intelligent terminal is communicated with the refrigerator, and the refrigerator is used for setting the operation data of the refrigerated container or acquiring the operation data of the refrigerated container set by the refrigerator; the intelligent terminal also comprises a release module for releasing the operation data of the refrigerated container to the public through the public platform.

2. The intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system of claim 1, wherein: the operation data of the refrigerated container comprises temperature, humidity, air supply temperature, return air temperature, compressor working condition and operation fault codes of the refrigerated container.

3. The intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system of claim 1, wherein: the intelligent terminal is arranged in the control cabinet of the refrigerated container unit and is communicated with the refrigerator through a multifunctional hardware interface wire harness; the multifunctional hardware interface wire harness comprises an RS485 wire harness, an RS232 wire harness, a CAN wire harness and a ModBus wire harness.

4. The intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system of claim 1, wherein: the public platform comprises a platform client, an APP, a WeChat applet and a public number.

5. The intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system of claim 4, wherein: the intelligent terminal is internally provided with a wireless communication module; the wireless communication module comprises: LORA module, big dipper short message module, satellite communication module, USB interface, encryption chip WLAN Mesh module, on-board communication network basic equipment interface, TF/SF card, RTK high accuracy, zigbee, extension I/O.

6. The intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system of claim 5, wherein: the integrated antenna of the accessory of the intelligent terminal is arranged outside the refrigerated container through gluing and/or threads, and is connected with the terminal host through a radio frequency line.

7. The intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the intelligent terminal is fixed on a strip-shaped fixing plate through screws; the strip-shaped fixing plate is fixed with the cabinet body of the control cabinet of the cooling machine through four screw holes with center hole distances of A=301+ -5 mm and B=29+ -2.9 mm.

8. The intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system of claim 7, wherein: the electrical interface of the intelligent terminal and the refrigerator control cabinet comprises a signal transmission socket and a power socket; the signal transmission socket is a 7-pin socket for signal transmission; the power socket is a 3-pin socket for providing power; in the 7-pin socket and the 3-pin socket, the distance between two adjacent pins is 5.08 plus or minus 0.2mm; the signal transmission socket and the power socket are welded on a terminal PCBA circuit board or led out from the terminal host in the form of a transfer wire harness.

9. The intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system of claim 8, wherein: the door magnetic switch wireless module is used for detecting the door switch of the refrigerated container; in order to avoid the short-distance defect of Bluetooth communication and the high power consumption defect of WIFI communication, the door magnetic switch wireless module comprises a LORA communication module which is in wireless communication with an intelligent terminal host, a strong magnet which is fixed on the inner side of a container cabin door, and a main body which comprises an induction/trigger circuit and a wireless module and is arranged on the inner side of the cabin door on the other side.

10. The intelligent refrigerated container internet of things system of claim 8, wherein: the intelligent terminal is also provided with a remote control module; the remote control module comprises a remote upgrading intelligent terminal firmware version module, a remote sensor threshold value adjusting module, a remote dormancy and awakening working mode modifying module, a remote data acquisition and uploading interval adjusting module, a remote server IP address and port changing module and a remote start-stop cooling module.