CN116896138A - Low-voltage self-starting circuit structure - Google Patents

Low-voltage self-starting circuit structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116896138A
CN116896138A CN202311161549.4A CN202311161549A CN116896138A CN 116896138 A CN116896138 A CN 116896138A CN 202311161549 A CN202311161549 A CN 202311161549A CN 116896138 A CN116896138 A CN 116896138A
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China
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switching tube
electrode
output
triode
resistor
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CN202311161549.4A
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CN116896138B (en
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请求不公布姓名
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Suzhou Baker Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Suzhou Baker Microelectronics Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery charging, and discloses a low-voltage self-starting circuit structure, which comprises the following components: a self-starting circuit; the self-starting circuit includes: the switching device comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a capacitor, a switching tube group and a switching structure; the switch tube group comprises at least one third switch tube; the switch structure is configured to: the first end and the third end of the switch structure are conducted under the condition that the voltage between the first end and the second end of the switch structure is larger than the threshold voltage. According to the low-voltage self-starting circuit structure, after the input voltage of the self-starting circuit reaches the starting threshold voltage of the first switching tube, the self-starting circuit can start to work, so that the starting voltage of the self-starting circuit is reduced, and the starting response speed of the circuit is improved. And the self-starting circuit can continuously supply power to the post-stage circuit after the post-stage circuit is started, and the self-starting circuit does not need to be closed.

Description

Low-voltage self-starting circuit structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery charging, in particular to a low-voltage self-starting circuit structure.
Background
The current generating circuit and the voltage generating circuit are common circuits in the semiconductor integrated circuit control chip, but the current generating circuit and the voltage generating circuit in the prior art, especially in the semiconductor integrated circuit control chip of the battery charging circuit, cannot realize self-starting and need a special starting circuit.
The traditional starting circuit generally needs to input a larger voltage to start working, and has slower response speed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a low-voltage self-starting circuit structure to solve the problems that the existing circuit cannot realize self-starting, and the circuit has higher starting voltage and slow response speed.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a low voltage self-starting circuit structure, comprising: a self-starting circuit; the self-starting circuit includes: the switching device comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a capacitor, a switching tube group and a switching structure; the switch tube group comprises at least one third switch tube;
the first resistor and the second resistor are sequentially connected in series between the power end of the self-starting circuit and the input electrode of the first switching tube; all the third switching tubes of the switching tube group are connected in series between the output electrode of the first switching tube and the grounding end, and the control electrode of each third switching tube is connected with the input electrode of the third switching tube;
the third resistor is connected in series between the power end of the self-starting circuit and the input electrode of the second switching tube; the capacitor is connected in series between the output electrode of the second switching tube and the grounding end;
The control electrodes of the first switching tube and the second switching tube are connected with the input electrode of the first switching tube;
the first end and the second end of the switch structure are respectively connected with two ends of the second resistor, and the third end of the switch structure is connected with the grounding end;
the switch structure is configured to: the first end and the third end of the switch structure are conducted under the condition that the voltage between the first end and the second end of the switch structure is larger than a threshold voltage; the first and third terminals of the switching structure are turned off when a voltage between the first and second terminals of the switching structure is less than a threshold voltage.
According to the low-voltage self-starting circuit structure provided by the invention, after the input voltage of the self-starting circuit reaches the starting threshold voltage of the first switching tube, the self-starting circuit can start to work, so that the starting voltage of the self-starting circuit is reduced, and the starting response speed of the circuit is improved. In addition, the conventional starting circuit and the subsequent circuit have two independent circuit structures, and after the subsequent circuit (such as a current generating circuit and a voltage generating circuit) is started, the starting circuit is usually required to be turned off; in this embodiment, the first current of the self-starting circuit can be stabilized by using the switch structure, and when the post-stage circuits such as the current generating circuit and the voltage generating circuit are stable, the third current output by the self-starting circuit is also stabilized, so that the self-starting circuit can output stable voltage, the self-starting circuit can continuously supply power to the post-stage circuit after starting the post-stage circuit, the self-starting circuit does not need to be closed, the post-stage circuit can stably work, namely, at the moment, the self-starting circuit can simultaneously realize the functions of starting and supplying power to the post-stage circuit, no additional starting circuit is required to be specially arranged, the circuit cost can be reduced, and the circuit volume is reduced.
In some alternative embodiments, the switching structure comprises a P-type switching tube; the input electrode of the P-type switching tube is connected with one end of the second resistor close to the first resistor, and the control electrode of the P-type switching tube is connected with one end of the second resistor far away from the first resistor; and the output electrode of the P-type switching tube is connected with the grounding end. The switch structure can be conveniently realized by using the P-type switch tube, and the structure is simple.
In some alternative embodiments, the low voltage self-starting circuit structure further comprises: an output circuit; the output circuit is connected with the output pole of the second switch tube and is configured to output current and/or voltage.
In some alternative embodiments, the output circuit includes: the first transistor, the second transistor, the third transistor, the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor, the fourth switch transistor and the fifth switch transistor;
the collector of the first triode is connected with the output electrode of the second switching tube through the fourth resistor, the emitter of the first triode is connected with the collector of the third triode, and the emitter of the third triode is connected with the grounding end; the base electrode of the first triode is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode;
The collector of the second triode is connected with the output electrode of the fourth switching tube, the emitter of the second triode is connected with the collector of the fourth triode, and the emitter of the fourth triode is connected with the grounding end through the fifth resistor; the base electrode of the second triode is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode, the base electrode of the third triode is connected with the collector electrode of the fourth triode, and the base electrode of the fourth triode is connected with the collector electrode of the third triode;
the input poles of the fourth switching tube and the fifth switching tube are connected with the output pole of the second switching tube; the control electrodes of the fourth switching tube and the fifth switching tube are connected with the output electrode of the fourth switching tube;
the output pole of the fifth switching tube is configured to output a current or a voltage.
In some alternative embodiments, the output circuit further comprises: a fifth triode and a sixth resistor;
the collector electrode of the fifth triode is connected with the output electrode of the fifth switching tube, and the emitter electrode of the fifth triode is connected with the grounding end through the sixth resistor; the base electrode of the fifth triode is connected with the collector electrode of the fifth triode;
The output pole of the fifth switching tube is configured to output a zero drift voltage.
In some alternative embodiments, the output circuit further comprises: a sixth switching tube, a sixth triode and a seventh resistor;
the input electrode of the sixth switching tube is connected with the output electrode of the second switching tube, and the control electrode of the sixth switching tube is connected with the control electrode of the fourth switching tube;
the collector electrode of the sixth triode is connected with the output electrode of the sixth switching tube, and the emitter electrode of the sixth triode is connected with the grounding end through the seventh resistor; the base electrode of the sixth triode is connected with the collector electrode of the sixth triode;
the output pole of the fifth switching tube is configured to output a current, and the output pole of the sixth switching tube is configured to output a zero drift voltage.
In some alternative embodiments, the number ratio of the second transistor to the third transistor is the same.
In the invention, the output circuit can output positive drift current and/or zero drift voltage, and can provide current and voltage required by the follow-up circuit.
In some alternative embodiments, the output circuit further comprises: a seventh switching tube, an eighth switching tube, a ninth switching tube, a tenth switching tube, an eleventh switching tube, a twelfth switching tube, a thirteenth switching tube, a seventh triode and an eighth resistor;
The input electrode of the seventh switching tube is connected with the output electrode of the second switching tube, the output electrode of the seventh switching tube is connected with the input electrode of the ninth switching tube, and the output electrode of the ninth switching tube is connected with the grounding end; the control electrode of the seventh switching tube is connected with the output electrode of the seventh switching tube;
the input poles of the tenth switching tube, the eleventh switching tube and the twelfth switching tube are connected with the output pole of the second switching tube, and the control poles of the tenth switching tube, the eleventh switching tube and the twelfth switching tube are connected with the output pole of the eleventh switching tube;
the input electrode of the eighth switching tube is connected with the output electrode of the eleventh switching tube, and the output electrode of the eighth switching tube is connected with the grounding end; the control electrode of the eighth switching tube is connected with the input electrode of the ninth switching tube;
the collector electrode of the seventh triode is connected with the output electrode of the tenth switching tube, and the emitter electrode of the seventh triode is connected with the grounding end;
the input electrode of the thirteenth switching tube is connected with the output electrode of the eleventh switching tube, and the output electrode of the thirteenth switching tube is connected with the grounding end through the eighth resistor;
The control electrodes of the ninth switching tube and the thirteenth switching tube are connected with the collector electrode of the seventh triode; the base electrode of the seventh triode is connected with one end of the eighth resistor far away from the grounding end;
the output pole of the twelfth switching transistor is configured to output a current.
In some alternative embodiments, the output circuit further comprises: a fourteenth switching tube;
the output electrode of the seventh switching tube is connected with the input electrode of the ninth switching tube through the fourteenth switching tube; the control electrode of the fourteenth switching tube is connected with the output electrode of the fourteenth switching tube.
In some alternative embodiments, VGS1-VGS2+ & gt VGS3 is greater than or equal to VGS7+VGS8;
wherein VGS1 represents the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the first switching tube, VGS2 represents the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the second switching tube, VGS3 represents the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the third switching tube, Σvgs3 represents the sum of the voltages between the control electrode and the output electrode of all the third switching tubes, VGS7 represents the voltage between the input electrode and the control electrode of the seventh switching tube, and VGS8 represents the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the eighth switching tube.
In some alternative embodiments, the output circuit further comprises: a fifteenth switching tube and a sixteenth switching tube;
the input poles of the fifteenth switching tube and the sixteenth switching tube are connected with the output pole of the second switching tube, and the output pole of the fifteenth switching tube is connected with the output pole of the sixteenth switching tube;
the control electrode of the fifteenth switching tube is connected with the control electrode of the fourth switching tube, and the control electrode of the sixteenth switching tube is connected with the control electrode of the eleventh switching tube;
the output pole of the sixteenth switching transistor is configured to output a current.
In the invention, the output circuit can output positive drift current, negative drift current, zero drift current and zero drift voltage, namely, one output circuit can be utilized to output various currents and voltages, and various outputs can be realized on the basis of a small number of circuit structures, thereby reducing the number of current generating circuits and voltage generating circuits, reducing the circuit cost and reducing the circuit volume.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a semiconductor integrated circuit control chip, including the low-voltage self-starting circuit structure of the first aspect or any one of the corresponding embodiments thereof.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a battery charging circuit, including the semiconductor integrated circuit control chip of the second aspect or any one of the corresponding embodiments thereof.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a first schematic diagram of a low voltage self-starting circuit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of a low voltage self-starting circuit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a third schematic diagram of a low voltage self-starting circuit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a fourth schematic diagram of a low voltage self-starting circuit configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a fifth schematic diagram of a low voltage self-starting circuit configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a sixth schematic diagram of a low voltage self-starting circuit configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a seventh structural schematic diagram of a low-voltage self-starting circuit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
100. a self-starting circuit; 101. a switch tube group; 102. a switch structure; 200. an output circuit; r1, a first resistor; r2, a second resistor; r3, a third resistor; r4, a fourth resistor; r5, a fifth resistor; r6, a sixth resistor; r7, a seventh resistor; r8, eighth resistor; c1, capacitance; m1, a first switching tube; m2, a second switching tube; m3, a third switching tube; m4, a fourth switching tube; m5, a fifth switching tube; m6, a sixth switching tube; m7, a seventh switching tube; m8, an eighth switching tube; m9, a ninth switching tube; m10, a tenth switching tube; m11, eleventh switching tube; m12, a twelfth switching tube; m13, thirteenth switching tube; m14, a fourteenth switching tube; m15, a fifteenth switching tube; m16, sixteenth switching tube; q0, P-type switching tube; q1, a first triode; q2, a second triode; q3, a third triode; q4, a fourth triode; q5, a fifth triode; q6, a sixth triode; q7, seventh triode.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
In this embodiment, a low-voltage self-starting circuit structure is provided, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the low-voltage self-starting circuit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the low-voltage self-starting circuit structure includes: a self-starting circuit 100; the self-starting circuit 100 includes: the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the first switching tube M1, the second switching tube M2, the capacitor C1, the switching tube group 101 and the switching structure 102; the switch tube group 101 includes at least one third switch tube M3. The first switching tube M1, the second switching tube M2, and the third switching tube M3 may be N-type switching tubes, such as NMOS tubes.
As shown in fig. 1, a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2 are sequentially connected in series between a power source terminal Vin of the self-starting circuit 100 and an input electrode of the first switching tube M1; all third switching tubes M3 of the switching tube group 101 are connected in series between the output electrode of the first switching tube M1 and the ground end GND, and the control electrode of each third switching tube M3 is connected with the input electrode thereof; fig. 1 illustrates that the switching tube group 101 includes a third switching tube M3. The third resistor R3 is connected in series between the power end Vin of the self-starting circuit 100 and the input electrode of the second switching tube M2; the capacitor C1 is connected in series between the output electrode of the second switching tube M2 and the ground GND.
The control poles of the first switching tube M1 and the second switching tube M2 are connected with the input pole of the first switching tube M1; the first end and the second end of the switch structure 102 are respectively connected with two ends of the second resistor R2, and the third end of the switch structure 102 is connected with the ground GND. The switch structure 102 is configured to: in the case that the voltage between the first end and the second end of the switch structure 102 is greater than the threshold voltage, the first end and the third end of the switch structure 102 are conducted; in case the voltage between the first and second terminals of the switch structure 102 is smaller than the threshold voltage, the first and third terminals of the switch structure 102 are turned off.
In this embodiment, the low-voltage self-starting circuit structure includes a plurality of switching transistors, such as a first switching transistor M1 and a second switching transistor M2, and the switching transistors may be transistors or field effect transistors (e.g., MOS transistors). It can be understood that the switching tube has three electrodes, one of which can control whether the other two electrodes are conducted, and in this embodiment, the electrode with the control function is called a control electrode, and the other two electrodes are respectively called an input electrode and an output electrode; when the switching tube is on, current can flow from the input pole to the output pole. For example, if the switching tube is a triode, the base electrode of the triode is a control electrode, and the collector electrode and the emitter electrode are corresponding input electrodes and output electrodes; if the switch tube is a field effect tube, the grid electrode of the field effect tube is a control electrode, and the source electrode and the drain electrode are corresponding input electrodes and output electrodes.
As shown in fig. 1, the self-starting circuit 100 is provided with a power terminal Vin, and the power terminal Vin can be connected to a power source to supply power to the self-starting circuit 100. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the power end Vin, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the second resistor R2; the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the input terminal of the first switching transistor M1. Similarly, the third resistor R3 has one end connected to the power terminal Vin and the other end connected to the input terminal of the second switching transistor M2.
The output pole of the first switching tube M1 is connected to the ground GND through all the third switching tubes M3 of the switching tube set 101, and the switching tube set 101 may include one third switching tube M3 or may include a plurality of third switching tubes M3, which may be specific according to practical situations. As shown in fig. 1, the switch tube group 101 includes a third switch tube M3, an output electrode of the first switch tube M1 is connected to an input electrode of the third switch tube M3, and an output electrode of the third switch tube M3 is grounded. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the switch tube group 101 includes three third switch tubes, which are denoted by M31, M32, and M33, respectively, for convenience of distinction; the input poles and the output poles of the three third switching tubes M31, M32 and M33 are sequentially connected in series, the input pole of the first third switching tube M31 is connected with the output pole of the first switching tube M1, and the output pole of the last third switching tube M33 is grounded. The control electrode of each third switching tube M3 is connected to its own input electrode, so that a voltage drop can be formed between the input electrode and the output electrode of the third switching tube M3.
The working principle of the self-starting circuit 100 is specifically as follows:
immediately after the self-starting circuit 100 is powered on, the power end Vin of the self-starting circuit can input voltage, and the control poles of the first switching tube M1 and the second switching tube M2 are pulled up through the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, and the first switching tube M1 and the second switching tube M2 are conducted; after the voltage of the power source terminal Vin reaches the on threshold voltage of the first switching tube M1, the first switching tube M1 is turned on, and the self-starting circuit 100 can start to operate.
After the first switching tube M1 and the second switching tube M2 are conducted, the voltage of the control electrode of the third switching tube M3 of the switching tube group 101 is pulled up through the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2 and the first switching tube M1, and the third switching tube M3 is conducted; if the switch tube group 101 includes a plurality of third switch tubes M3, the plurality of third switch tubes M3 may be turned on sequentially; for example, as shown in fig. 2, after the first third switching tube M31 is turned on, the gate voltages of the second third switching tube M32 and the third switching tube M33 are also pulled up in sequence, and both the third switching tubes M32 and M33 are turned on. At this time, the first current generated in the branch consisting of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the first switching tube M1, and all the third switching tubes M3 gradually increases, and accordingly, the second current generated in the branch consisting of the third resistor R3, the second switching tube M2, and the capacitor C1 also gradually increases, and thus, the terminal voltage of the capacitor C1 gradually increases, that is, the point a voltage gradually increases. In this embodiment, the point a of the self-starting circuit 100 (i.e. the output electrode of the second switching tube M2) is the output terminal Vout of the self-starting circuit 100, which can supply power to the post-stage circuit (such as the current generating circuit, the voltage generating circuit, or the output circuit 200 provided in the subsequent embodiment), that is, the voltage at the point a is the power supply voltage of the post-stage circuit, so the self-starting circuit 100 can provide the post-stage circuit with gradually increased power supply voltage, and can realize the starting of the post-stage circuit.
The self-starting circuit 100 is provided with a switch structure 102, and the switch structure 102 can respond to the voltage across the second resistor R2, and control whether the first end and the third end of the switch structure 102 are conducted, i.e. whether the first current is shunted or not, based on the magnitude relation between the voltage across the second resistor R2 and the threshold voltage Vth of the switch structure 102. Specifically, as the first current increases, i.e., the current flowing through the second resistor R2 gradually increases, the first current gradually increasesIncreasing to greater than Vth/R 2 Time (R) 2 The resistance of the second resistor R2), the voltage at two ends of the second resistor R2 is greater than the threshold voltage Vth, and the first end and the third end of the switch structure 102 are turned on, so that the first resistor R1 is grounded, the first current can be split by the switch structure 102, and the first current is reduced. When the first current is reduced to less than Vth/R 2 When the voltage across the second resistor R2 is less than the threshold voltage Vth, the first terminal and the third terminal of the switch structure 102 are turned off again, and the first current starts to increase again. Finally, the first current can be stabilized, and the first current has a magnitude of Vth/R 2 。
Alternatively, the switching structure 102 may be implemented with a switching tube. As shown in fig. 2, the switching structure 102 includes a P-type switching transistor Q0; the input pole, the control pole and the output pole of the P-type switch Q0 are the first end, the second end and the third end of the switch structure 102, respectively. Specifically, the input electrode of the P-type switching tube Q0 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2 close to the first resistor R1, and the control electrode of the P-type switching tube Q0 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2 far from the first resistor R1; the output pole of the P-type switching tube Q0 is connected with the grounding end. The P-type switching transistor Q0 may be a P-type field effect transistor (e.g., PMOS transistor) or a PNP-type triode, and fig. 2 illustrates that the P-type switching transistor Q0 is a PNP-type triode, and the emitter of the PNP-type triode is an input electrode, the base is a control electrode, and the collector is an output electrode; correspondingly, the threshold voltage Vth is the voltage VBE0 between the base and the emitter when the PNP triode is turned on, and the first current can be stabilized at VBE0/R 2 。
In the case that the first current is stable, the currents flowing through the first switching tube M1 and all the third switching tubes M3 are stable, and since the control poles of the first switching tube M1 and the third switching tube M3 are connected to the respective input poles, the voltages between the input poles and the output poles of the first switching tube M1 and the third switching tube M3 are the voltages between the control poles and the output poles, and these voltages are fixed values. The voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the first switching tube M1 is denoted by VGS1, the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the third switching tube M3 is denoted by VGS3, and when the first current is stable, both VGS1 and VGS3 are fixed values. The voltage of the control electrode of the first switching tube M1 is stabilized to VGS1+ ΣVGS3, and ΣVGS3 represents the sum of the voltages between the control electrodes and the output electrodes of all the third switching tubes M3; for example, as shown in fig. 2, the switch tube group 101 includes three third switch tubes M31, M32, M33, then Σvgs3=vgs31+vgs32+vgs33; the VGS31, VGS32, and VGS33 are voltages between the control electrodes and the output electrodes of the three third switching transistors M31, M32, and M33, respectively. It will be appreciated that the gate voltage of the second switching tube M2 is also stable and is also VGS1+ Σvgs3.
In addition, when the voltage at the point a gradually increases to the start-up voltage of the post-stage circuit, the self-start circuit 100 realizes the self-start of the post-stage circuit; at this time, the self-starting circuit 100 provides the power supply voltage to the post-stage circuit, and generates the third current flowing to the post-stage circuit at the point a of the self-starting circuit 100, that is, the output terminal Vout of the self-starting circuit 100 provides the third current to the post-stage circuit. When the back-stage circuit works in a steady state, the third current is a fixed value, and the current flowing from the point A to the capacitor C1 is 0; specifically, if the capacitor C1 still has current at this time, the voltage at point a will increase, i.e. the voltage at the output electrode of the second switching tube M2 will increase, the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the second switching tube M2 will decrease, the second switching tube M2 will turn off, at this time, the later stage circuit draws current from the capacitor C1, the voltage at point a will decrease, i.e. the voltage at the output electrode of the second switching tube M2 will decrease, the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the second switching tube M2 will increase, and the second switching tube M2 will turn on again. Therefore, in the steady state, the capacitor C1 is neither charged nor discharged, and the current flowing through the capacitor C1 is 0, so the current flowing through the second switching tube M2 is also a fixed value. When VGS2 is used to represent the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the second switching tube M2, VGS2 is a fixed value, and is the voltage between the control electrode and the point a of the second switching tube M2, so the point a voltage is also a fixed value, and the point a voltage is: VGS1-VGS2+ Σvgs3.
In this embodiment, the first switching tube M1, the second switching tube M2, and the third switching tube M3 may be N-type switching tubes, such as NMOS tubes, and the control electrodes, the input electrodes, and the output electrodes of the first switching tube M1, the second switching tube M2, and the third switching tube M3 are respectively a gate electrode, a drain electrode, and a source electrode; in this case, VGS1 is the voltage between the gate and the source of the first switching tube M1, VGS2 is the voltage between the gate and the source of the second switching tube M2, and VGS3 is the voltage between the gate and the source of the third switching tube M3.
In the low-voltage self-starting circuit structure provided in this embodiment, when the input voltage of the self-starting circuit 100 reaches the on threshold voltage of the first switching tube M1, the self-starting circuit 100 can start to work, so that the starting voltage of the self-starting circuit 100 is reduced, and the starting response speed of the circuit is improved. In addition, the conventional starting circuit and the subsequent circuit have two independent circuit structures, and after the subsequent circuit (such as a current generating circuit and a voltage generating circuit) is started, the starting circuit is usually required to be turned off; in this embodiment, the switch structure 102 is utilized to enable the first current of the self-starting circuit 100 to be stable, and when the post-stage circuits such as the current generating circuit and the voltage generating circuit are stable, the third current output by the self-starting circuit 100 is also stable, so that the self-starting circuit 100 can output stable voltage, the self-starting circuit 100 can continuously supply power to the post-stage circuit after the post-stage circuit is started, the self-starting circuit 100 does not need to be turned off, and the post-stage circuit can stably work. At this time, the self-starting circuit can realize the functions of starting and supplying power to the later-stage circuit at the same time, and no extra starting circuit is needed to be arranged, so that the circuit cost can be reduced, and the circuit volume can be reduced.
In this embodiment, a low-voltage self-starting circuit structure is provided, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the low-voltage self-starting circuit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the low-voltage self-starting circuit structure includes: a self-starting circuit 100 and an output circuit 200; the output circuit 200 is connected to the output pole of the second switching tube M2 and is configured to output a current and/or a voltage. The structure and the working principle of the self-starting circuit 100 can be referred to in the related description of the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and will not be described herein.
In this embodiment, the output circuit 200 is capable of outputting a current and/or a voltage, and the output circuit 200 may specifically include a current generation circuit and/or a voltage generation circuit. After the output circuit 200 is started, the capacitor C1 of the self-starting circuit 100 may perform a filtering voltage stabilizing function until the output circuit 200 is stable, that is, the self-starting circuit 100 provides a stable third current to the output circuit 200; at this time, the output electrode of the second switching transistor M2 of the self-starting circuit 100 can provide a stable voltage to the output circuit 200, and stable operation of the output circuit 200 can be ensured.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the output circuit 200 includes: the first triode Q1, the second triode Q2, the third triode Q3, the fourth triode Q4, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the fourth switch tube M4 and the fifth switch tube M5. The fourth switching tube M4 and the fifth switching tube M5 are P-type switching tubes, as shown in fig. 3, and the fourth switching tube M4 and the fifth switching tube M5 are PMOS tubes.
As shown in fig. 3, the collector of the first triode Q1 is connected to the output electrode of the second switching tube M2 through the fourth resistor R4, the emitter of the first triode Q1 is connected to the collector of the third triode Q3, and the emitter of the third triode Q3 is connected to the ground GND.
The collector of the second triode Q2 is connected with the output electrode of the fourth switching tube M4, the emitter of the second triode Q2 is connected with the collector of the fourth triode Q4, and the emitter of the fourth triode Q4 is connected with the grounding end through a fifth resistor R5; the base electrodes of the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2 are connected with the collector electrode of the first triode Q1; the base of the third triode Q3 is connected with the collector of the fourth triode Q4, and the base of the fourth triode Q4 is connected with the collector of the third triode Q3.
The input poles of the fourth switching tube M4 and the fifth switching tube M5 are connected with the output pole of the second switching tube M2; the control poles of the fourth switching tube M4 and the fifth switching tube M5 are connected with the output pole of the fourth switching tube M4. The output pole of the fifth switching transistor M5 is configured to output a current or a voltage.
In this embodiment, the working principle of the output circuit 200 is specifically as follows: the self-starting circuit 100 enables the starting of the output circuit 200 and is capable of providing the output circuit 200 with a supply voltage, which may be VGS1-VGS2+ & Σvgs3. As shown in fig. 3, the supply voltage (i.e., the a-point voltage) pulls up the voltages of the gates of the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2, i.e., the base voltage, through the fourth resistor R4, and both the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 are turned on; at this time, the base voltage of the fourth transistor Q4 is pulled up through the fourth resistor R4 and the first transistor Q1, the fourth transistor Q4 is turned on, the gate voltages of the fourth transistor M4 and the fifth transistor M5 are pulled down through the second transistor Q2, the fourth transistor Q4 and the fifth resistor R5, and the fourth transistor M4 and the fifth transistor M5 are turned on. After that, the base voltage of the third transistor Q3 is pulled high by the second transistor Q2 and the fourth switch transistor M4, and the third transistor Q3 is turned on.
Based on the structure of the output circuit 200 shown in fig. 3, V B1 =V B2 +VBE1=V B3 +VBE2; wherein V is B1 At the voltage of B1 point, V B2 Voltage at point B2, V B3 VBE1 is the voltage between the base and emitter of the first transistor Q1 and VBE2 is the voltage between the base and emitter of the second transistor Q2, which is the voltage at point B3. And, since the point B2 is connected to the base of the fourth transistor Q4 and the point B3 is connected to the base of the third transistor Q3, V B2 =vbe4+vr 5, and V B3 =vbe3; wherein VBE4 is the voltage between the base and the emitter of the fourth triode Q4, VR5 is the voltage across the fifth resistor R5, and VBE3 is the voltage between the base and the emitter of the third triode Q3. To sum up, vbe4+vr5+vbe1=vbe3+vbe2.
In this embodiment, if the number ratio of the first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, the third transistor Q3, and the fourth transistor Q4 is M: P:1: N, the number ratio is the ratio of the numbers of parallel transistors, it can be considered that the first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, the third transistor Q3, and the fourth transistor Q4 are formed by connecting M target transistors in parallel, P target transistors in parallel, 1 target transistor and N target transistors in parallel, and these target transistors are identical. And, since the first transistor Q1 is connected in series with the third transistor Q3, the second transistor Q2 is connected in series with the fourth transistor Q4, and therefore, ，/>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Where IC3 is the collector current through a single target transistor in the third transistor Q3 (i.e., the collector current through the third transistor Q3), IC1 is the collector current through a single target transistor in the first transistor Q1, IC2 is the collector current through a single target transistor in the second transistor Q2, and IC4 is the collector current through a single target transistor in the fourth transistor Q4.
The triode voltage formula is:where VT IS the voltage equivalent of temperature, IC IS collector current, IS IS the reverse saturation current of the emitter junction (i.e., PN junction between emitter and base). The reverse saturation current of the emitter junction of the target transistor IS denoted by IS, and the voltage between the base and the emitter of the transistor (including the first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, the third transistor Q3, and the fourth transistor Q4) IS also the voltage between the base and the emitter of the corresponding target transistor, so vbe4+vr5+vbe1=vbe3+vbe2 can be expressed as:
。
wherein R is 5 The resistance of the fifth resistor R5 is shown. Relationship of collector currents、The following formula can be obtained:
。
the above formula can be simplified:. Therefore, the collector current flowing into the second transistor Q2 is . Since the fourth switching transistor M4 and the second transistor Q2 are connected in series, the current flowing from the output electrode of the fourth switching transistor M4 is +.>. If the width-to-length ratio of the fourth switching tube M4 and the fifth switching tube M5 is 1:C1, the two can form a 1:C1 current mirror structure, so that the current flowing from the output electrode of the fifth switching tube M5 isThat is, the current Iout1 that the output circuit 200 can output is:。
alternatively, the number ratio of the second transistor Q2 to the third transistor Q3 may be the same, in other words, the number ratio of the second transistor Q2 to the third transistor Q3 is 1:1, and the number of the target transistors connected in parallel to each other is the same, that is, the number ratio of the first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 may be expressed as m:1:1:n, and the above P may be expressed as 1. In this case, the output circuit 200 may output a current。
Since the voltage equivalent VT of the temperature increases with the temperature rise, when the fifth resistor R5 is a zero drift resistor, the current Iout1 outputted from the output circuit 200 constitutes a positive drift current. Therefore, the output electrode of the fifth switching transistor M5 can be directly used as a current output terminal, which can output a positive drift current.
Alternatively, the output electrode of the fifth switching transistor M5 can also be a voltage output. Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the output circuit 200 further includes: a fifth transistor Q5 and a sixth resistor R6. The collector of the fifth triode Q5 is connected with the output electrode of the fifth switching tube M5, and the emitter of the fifth triode Q5 is connected with the ground end GND through a sixth resistor R6; the base of the fifth transistor Q5 is connected to the collector of the fifth transistor Q5. The output pole of the fifth switching transistor M5 is configured to output a zero-shift voltage.
As described above, the current flowing from the output electrode of the fifth switching transistor M5 isTherefore, the current flowing through the sixth resistor R6 is also +.>At this time, the output voltage VBG1 of the fifth switch transistor M5 is the sum of the voltage VBE5 between the base and emitter of the fifth transistor Q5 and the voltage across the sixth resistor R6, i.e.The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein R is 6 The resistance of the sixth resistor R6.
Since the voltage between the base and emitter of the transistor decreases with increasing temperature, i.e. the magnitude of VBE5 decreases with increasing temperature, and the voltage equivalent VT of temperature increases with increasing temperature, only the parameters (e.g. width-to-length ratio C1, resistance R) involved in the output voltage VBG1 are needed 5 、R 6 Etc.), the output voltage VBG1 can be made to form a zero-drift voltage, i.e. the output pole of the fifth switching tube M5 can output the zero-drift voltage.
Alternatively, the output circuit 200 may output both a current and a voltage. Specifically, referring to fig. 5, the output circuit 200 further includes: a sixth switching tube M6, a sixth triode Q6 and a seventh resistor R7. The sixth switching tube M6 is similar to the fifth switching tube M5, and an input electrode of the sixth switching tube M6 is connected to an output electrode of the second switching tube M2, and a control electrode of the sixth switching tube M6 is connected to a control electrode of the fourth switching tube M4, that is, to an output electrode of the fourth switching tube M4. The sixth switching tube M6 may be a P-type switching tube, such as a PMOS tube.
The collector of the sixth triode Q6 is connected with the output electrode of the sixth switching tube M6, and the emitter of the sixth triode Q6 is connected with the ground end through a seventh resistor R7; the base electrode of the sixth triode Q6 is connected with the collector electrode of the sixth triode Q6; the output pole of the fifth switching tube M5 is configured to output a current, and the output pole of the sixth switching tube M6 is configured to output a zero-shift voltage.
In this embodiment, the sixth switching tube M6 is similar to the above-mentioned fifth switching tube M5 in operation principle, and the sixth switching tube M6 and the fourth switching tube M4 may form a current mirror structure. If the width-to-length ratio of the fourth switching tube M4, the fifth switching tube M5 and the sixth switching tube M6 is 1:C1:C2, the three can form a current mirror structure of 1:C1:C2, so that the current flowing from the output electrode of the sixth switching tube M6 is 。
Similar to the principle of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the output pole voltage VBG2 of the sixth switching tube M6 is the sum of the voltage VBE6 between the base and emitter of the sixth triode Q6, and the voltage across the seventh resistor R7, i.e.The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein R is 7 The resistance of the seventh resistor R7. Similarly, the magnitude of VBE6 decreases with increasing temperature, while the voltage equivalent VT of temperature increases with increasing temperature, so that only the parameters (e.g., width-to-length ratio C2, resistance R) involved in the output voltage VBG2 are needed 5 、R 7 Etc.), the output voltage VBG2 of the sixth switching tube M6 can be made to form a zero-drift voltage, that is, the output pole of the sixth switching tube M6 can output the zero-drift voltage.
Further, as can be seen from the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the output electrode of the fifth switching transistor M5 can output a current. Therefore, the fifth switching tube M5 of the output circuit 200 can output a current (positive drift current Iout 1), and the sixth switching tube M6 can output the zero drift voltage VBG2.
In this embodiment, a low-voltage self-starting circuit structure is provided, and fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the low-voltage self-starting circuit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the low-voltage self-starting circuit structure includes: a self-starting circuit 100 and an output circuit 200; the output circuit 200 is connected to the output pole of the second switching tube M2 and is configured to output a current and/or a voltage. The structure and the working principle of the self-starting circuit 100 can be described in relation to the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the output circuit 200 includes a current mirror structure formed by a fourth switching tube M4, and the working principle thereof can be described in relation to the embodiment shown in fig. 3 to fig. 5, which are not described herein.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the output circuit 200 further includes: a seventh switching tube M7, an eighth switching tube M8, a ninth switching tube M9, a tenth switching tube M10, an eleventh switching tube M11, a twelfth switching tube M12, a thirteenth switching tube M13, a seventh triode Q7 and an eighth resistor R8. The seventh switching tube M7, the tenth switching tube M10, the eleventh switching tube M11, and the twelfth switching tube M12 may be P-type switching tubes, such as PMOS tubes; the eighth switching transistor M8, the ninth switching transistor M9, and the thirteenth switching transistor M13 may be N-type switching transistors, such as NMOS transistors.
As shown in fig. 6, an input electrode of the seventh switching tube M7 is connected to an output electrode of the second switching tube M2, an output electrode of the seventh switching tube M7 is connected to an input electrode of the ninth switching tube M9, and an output electrode of the ninth switching tube M9 is connected to the ground GND; the control electrode of the seventh switching tube M7 is connected to the output electrode of the seventh switching tube M7. The input poles of the tenth switching tube M10, the eleventh switching tube M11 and the twelfth switching tube M12 are connected with the output pole of the second switching tube M2, and the control poles of the tenth switching tube M10, the eleventh switching tube M11 and the twelfth switching tube M12 are connected with the output pole of the eleventh switching tube M11.
An input electrode of the eighth switching tube M8 is connected with an output electrode of the eleventh switching tube M11, and an output electrode of the eighth switching tube M8 is connected with a ground end GND; the control electrode of the eighth switching tube M8 is connected to the input electrode of the ninth switching tube M9. The collector of the seventh triode Q7 is connected with the output electrode of the tenth switching tube M10, and the emitter of the seventh triode Q7 is connected with the grounding end. An input electrode of the thirteenth switching transistor M13 is connected to an output electrode of the eleventh switching transistor M11, and an output electrode of the thirteenth switching transistor M13 is connected to the ground GND through an eighth resistor R8. The control electrodes of the ninth switching tube M9 and the thirteenth switching tube M13 are connected with the collector electrode of the seventh triode Q7; the base of the seventh transistor Q7 is connected to an end of the eighth resistor R8 away from the ground GND. The output electrode of the twelfth switching transistor M12 is configured to output a current Iout2.
In this embodiment, the working principle of the output circuit 200 is specifically as follows:
the input electrode voltage of the seventh switching tube M7 is greater than the control electrode voltage, for example, the seventh switching tube M7 is a PMOS tube, and the source electrode voltage thereof is greater than the gate electrode voltage thereof, so that the seventh switching tube M7 is turned on, the control electrode voltage of the eighth switching tube M8 is pulled high, and the eighth switching tube M8 is turned on; at this time, the gate voltages of the tenth switching transistor M10, the eleventh switching transistor M11, and the twelfth switching transistor M12 are pulled down by the eighth switching transistor M8, and the tenth switching transistor M10, the eleventh switching transistor M11, and the twelfth switching transistor M12 are also turned on. After the tenth switching tube M10 is turned on, the voltages of the control electrodes of the ninth switching tube M9 and the thirteenth switching tube M13 are pulled up by the tenth switching tube M10, and the ninth switching tube M9 and the thirteenth switching tube M13 are turned on, and at this time, the voltages of the control electrodes of the tenth switching tube M10, the eleventh switching tube M11, and the twelfth switching tube M12 are continuously pulled down by the thirteenth switching tube M13 and the eighth resistor R8, so that the tenth switching tube M10, the eleventh switching tube M11, and the twelfth switching tube M12 are ensured to be in the on state.
And, the ninth switching tube M9 pulls down the gate voltage of the eighth switching tube M8, and the eighth switching tube M8 is turned off, thereby ensuring that the eighth switching tube M8 does not interfere with the subsequent loop control. The base voltage of the seventh transistor Q7 is pulled high by the thirteenth and eleventh switching transistors M13 and M11, and the seventh transistor Q7 is turned on.
The voltage at the output electrode of the tenth switching tube M10 is the voltage VGS9 between the control electrode and the output electrode of the ninth switching tube M9, which needs to be greater than the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the thirteenth switching tube M13 to ensure that the thirteenth switching tube M13 is turned on, so the ninth switching tube M9 may be a transistor, and the thirteenth switching tube M13 may be a triode. As shown in fig. 6, the ninth switching tube M9 is an NMOS tube, the thirteenth switching tube M13 may be an NPN transistor, a base electrode of the thirteenth switching tube M13 is connected to a control electrode of the ninth switching tube M9, a collector electrode of the thirteenth switching tube M13 is connected to an output electrode of the tenth switching tube M10, and an emitter electrode of the thirteenth switching tube M13 is connected to a ground terminal through an eighth resistor R8.
In the present embodiment, the voltage across the eighth resistor R8 is VBE7, which is the voltage between the base and emitter of the seventh transistor Q7, so the current flowing through the eighth resistor R8 is Wherein R is 8 The resistance of the eighth resistor R8. Since the eleventh switching transistor M11, the thirteenth switching transistor M13, and the eighth resistor R8 are connected in series, the current flowing through the eleventh switching transistor M11 is also. If the width-to-length ratio of the tenth switching tube M10, the eleventh switching tube M11 and the twelfth switching tube M12 is D1:1:D2, the tenth switching tube M10, the eleventh switching tube M11 and the twelfth switching tube M12 can form a current mirror structure with D1:1:D2, so that the currents flowing through the tenth switching tube M10 and the twelfth switching tube M12 are respectively%>、/>。
Therefore, the current output from the output electrode of the twelfth switching transistor M12Since the voltage VBE7 between the base and the emitter of the seventh transistor Q7 decreases with increasing temperature, when the eighth resistor R8 is a zero drift resistor, the current Iout2 output by the output electrode of the twelfth switching transistor M12 forms a negative drift current, i.e. the current Iout2 decreases with increasing temperature.
Optionally, to ensure that the eighth switching tube M8 can be turned on, in this embodiment, VGS1-VGS2+ ΣVGS3is greater than or equal to VGS7+VGS8; wherein VGS1 represents the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the first switching tube M1, VGS2 represents the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the second switching tube M2, VGS3 represents the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the third switching tube M3, Σvgs3 represents the sum of the voltages between the control electrodes and the output electrodes of all the third switching tubes M3, VGS7 represents the voltage between the input electrode and the control electrode of the seventh switching tube M7, and VGS8 represents the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the eighth switching tube M8.
In this embodiment, since the voltage at the point a is VGS1-VGS2+ s3, the voltage at the control electrode of the eighth switching tube M8 is VGS1-VGS2+ s3-VGS7 after the seventh switching tube M7 is turned on, and the voltage is required to be greater than or equal to the voltage VGS8 between the control electrode and the output electrode of the eighth switching tube M8 to turn on the eighth switching tube M8. Thus, VGS1-VGS2+ ΣVGS3.gtoreq.VGS7+VGS8.
In addition, under the condition that the temperature is constant, the current output by the output circuit 200 is fixed, the third current provided by the point A to the output circuit 200 is the sum of the currents of all branches of the output circuit 200, so the third current provided by the point A to the output circuit 200 is also fixed, and the point A voltage is fixed; when the temperature changes, the third current fluctuates within a certain range, so that the voltage at the point A also changes, but by selecting the proper first switching tube M1, second switching tube M2, third switching tube M3, seventh switching tube M7 and eighth switching tube M8, the eighth switching tube M8 can be ensured to be smoothly conducted when the temperature starts at any temperature. For example, a sufficient number of the third switching tubes M3 may be provided, or the width-to-length ratio of the third switching tube M3 may be set larger than the width-to-length ratios of the seventh switching tube M7 and the eighth switching tube M8.
Further alternatively, in order to ensure that the voltage at the point a is sufficiently large, a plurality of third switching tubes M3 are generally provided, and as shown in fig. 6, the switching tube group 101 includes three third switching tubes M31, M32, M33; in this case, in order to reduce the voltage across the seventh switching tube M7 and secure the safety and reliability of the seventh switching tube M7, another switching tube may be additionally provided between the seventh switching tube M7 and the ninth switching tube M9. As shown in fig. 7, the output circuit further includes: a fourteenth switching tube M14; the output electrode of the seventh switching tube M7 is connected with the input electrode of the ninth switching tube M9 through a fourteenth switching tube M14; the control electrode of the fourteenth switching transistor M14 is connected to the output electrode of the fourteenth switching transistor M14. The fourteenth switching tube M14 may be a P-type switching tube, such as a PMOS tube.
In this embodiment, the seventh switching tube M7 passes through the fourteenth switching tube M14 and the ninth switching tube M9, so that the voltage of the control electrode of the eighth switching tube M8 is VGS1-VGS2+ s VGS3-VGS7-VGS14, wherein VGS14 represents the voltage between the input electrode and the control electrode of the fourteenth switching tube M14, and the voltage is ensured to be greater than or equal to VGS8 at this time, that is, VGS1-VGS2+ s3 is equal to or greater than VGS7+vgs8+vgs14.
For example, the width-to-length ratio of the first switching tube M1 and the second switching tube M2 is the same, VGS 1=vgs 2, and the switching tube group 101 includes three third switching tubes M31, M32, and M33, only the requirement that VGS31+vgs32+vgs33 is equal to or greater than VGS7+vgs8+vgs14 is ensured, and the requirement can be satisfied by selecting a switching tube with a proper width-to-length ratio.
In some alternative embodiments, referring to fig. 7, the output circuit 200 may further include: a fifteenth switching tube M15 and a sixteenth switching tube M16. The input electrodes of the fifteenth switching tube M15 and the sixteenth switching tube M16 are connected to the output electrode of the second switching tube M2, and the output electrode of the fifteenth switching tube M15 is connected to the output electrode of the sixteenth switching tube M16. The control electrode of the fifteenth switching transistor M15 is connected to the control electrode of the fourth switching transistor M4, and the control electrode of the sixteenth switching transistor M16 is connected to the control electrode of the eleventh switching transistor M11. The output pole of the sixteenth switching transistor M16 is configured to output a current. The fifteenth switching transistor M15 and the sixteenth switching transistor M16 may be P-type switching transistors, such as PMOS transistors.
In this embodiment, the fifteenth switching transistor M15 is similar to the fifth switching transistor M5 described above, and if the aspect ratio of the fourth switching transistor M4, the fifth switching transistor M5, the sixth switching transistor M6, and the fifteenth switching transistor M15 is 1:c1:c2:c3, the fourth switching transistor M15 can form a current mirror structure of 1:c1:c2:c3. As described above, if the current flowing from the output electrode of the fourth switching tube M4 isThe currents flowing from the output poles of the fifth switching tube M5, the sixth switching tube M6 and the fifteenth switching tube M15 are sequentially: 、/>、/>。
In addition, the sixteenth switching tube M16 is similar to the tenth switching tube M10, and if the width-to-length ratio of the tenth switching tube M10, the eleventh switching tube M11, the twelfth switching tube M12, and the sixteenth switching tube M16 is d1:d2:d3, the tenth switching tube M10, the eleventh switching tube M11, the twelfth switching tube M12, and the sixteenth switching tube M16 may form a current mirror structure of d1:1:d2:d3; as described above, the current flowing through the eleventh switching transistor M11 isTherefore, the currents flowing through the tenth switching tube M10, the twelfth switching tube M12 and the sixteenth switching tube M16 are +.>、/>、/>。
As shown in fig. 7, the current Iout3 finally flowing out of the output electrode of the sixteenth switching tube M16 is the current flowing through the fifteenth switching tube M15 plus the current flowing through the sixteenth switching tube M16, i.e.The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the voltage between the base and the emitter of the seventh transistor Q7 +.>The magnitude of the output current Iout3 is reduced with the rise of the temperature, and the voltage equivalent VT of the temperature is increased with the rise of the temperature, so that the output current Iout3 forms a zero drift current, namely the output of the sixteenth switch tube M16, only needs to be matched and designed with each parameter (such as the width-to-length ratio C3, D3, the resistance values of the resistors R5 and R8, etc.)The zero drift current Iout3 can be outputted. The fifth resistor R5 and the eighth resistor R8 may each be zero drift resistors.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a semiconductor integrated circuit control chip, which comprises the low-voltage self-starting circuit structure provided by any embodiment. The semiconductor integrated circuit controls the chip to start and respond fast, and the chip is small in size.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a battery charging circuit which comprises the semiconductor integrated circuit control chip. The battery charging circuit is designed and manufactured based on the semiconductor integrated circuit control chip, so that the battery charging circuit can be started quickly, the volume of the battery charging circuit can be reduced, and the cost of the battery charging circuit is reduced.
The low-voltage self-starting circuit structure provided by the embodiment can not only realize the starting of the output circuit 200, but also provide stable power supply voltage for the output circuit 200, and the self-starting circuit 100 is always in a working state, namely, no special starting circuit is required to be additionally arranged, so that the circuit cost can be reduced, and the circuit volume can be reduced. In addition, the conventional current generating circuit generally only generates one current, so that a plurality of current generating circuits need to be arranged in the semiconductor integrated circuit control chip of the battery charging circuit, which increases the cost and the volume of the semiconductor integrated circuit control chip of the battery charging circuit, while the output circuit 200 provided in this embodiment can output the positive drift current Iout1, the negative drift current Iout2, the zero drift current Iout3 and the zero drift voltage VBG2, that is, can output a plurality of currents and voltages by using one output circuit 200, and can realize a plurality of outputs on the basis of a small number of circuit structures, thereby reducing the number of current generating circuits and voltage generating circuits, further reducing the circuit cost and the circuit volume.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (13)

1. A low voltage self-starting circuit structure, comprising: a self-starting circuit (100); the self-starting circuit (100) comprises: the switching circuit comprises a first resistor (R1), a second resistor (R2), a third resistor (R3), a first switching tube (M1), a second switching tube (M2), a capacitor (C1), a switching tube group (101) and a switching structure (102); the switching tube group (101) comprises at least one third switching tube (M3);
the first resistor (R1) and the second resistor (R2) are sequentially connected in series between the power end of the self-starting circuit (100) and the input pole of the first switching tube (M1); all third switching tubes (M3) of the switching tube group (101) are connected in series between the output electrode of the first switching tube (M1) and the grounding end, and the control electrode of each third switching tube (M3) is connected with the input electrode thereof;
the third resistor (R3) is connected in series between the power end of the self-starting circuit (100) and the input electrode of the second switching tube (M2); the capacitor (C1) is connected in series between the output electrode of the second switching tube (M2) and the grounding end;
The control poles of the first switching tube (M1) and the second switching tube (M2) are connected with the input pole of the first switching tube (M1);
the first end and the second end of the switch structure (102) are respectively connected with the two ends of the second resistor (R2), and the third end of the switch structure (102) is connected with the grounding end;
the switch structure (102) is configured to: -in case the voltage between the first and second terminal of the switching structure (102) is greater than a threshold voltage, the first terminal and the third terminal of the switching structure (102) are conductive; in case the voltage between the first and second terminals of the switching structure (102) is smaller than a threshold voltage, the first and third terminals of the switching structure (102) are turned off.
2. The low voltage self-starting circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching arrangement (102) comprises a P-type switching tube (Q0);
the input electrode of the P-type switching tube (Q0) is connected with one end of the second resistor (R2) close to the first resistor (R1), and the control electrode of the P-type switching tube (Q0) is connected with one end of the second resistor (R2) far away from the first resistor (R1);
The output electrode of the P-type switch tube (Q0) is connected with the grounding end.
3. The low voltage self-starting circuit structure of claim 1, further comprising: an output circuit (200);
the output circuit (200) is connected to the output pole of the second switching tube (M2) and is configured to output a current and/or a voltage.
4. A low voltage self-starting circuit arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the output circuit (200) comprises: a first triode (Q1), a second triode (Q2), a third triode (Q3), a fourth triode (Q4), a fourth resistor (R4), a fifth resistor (R5), a fourth switching tube (M4) and a fifth switching tube (M5);
the collector of the first triode (Q1) is connected with the output electrode of the second switching tube (M2) through the fourth resistor (R4), the emitter of the first triode (Q1) is connected with the collector of the third triode (Q3), and the emitter of the third triode (Q3) is connected with the grounding end; the base electrode of the first triode (Q1) is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode (Q1);
the collector of the second triode (Q2) is connected with the output electrode of the fourth switching tube (M4), the emitter of the second triode (Q2) is connected with the collector of the fourth triode (Q4), and the emitter of the fourth triode (Q4) is connected with the grounding end through the fifth resistor (R5); the base electrode of the second triode (Q2) is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode (Q1), the base electrode of the third triode (Q3) is connected with the collector electrode of the fourth triode (Q4), and the base electrode of the fourth triode (Q4) is connected with the collector electrode of the third triode (Q3);
The input poles of the fourth switching tube (M4) and the fifth switching tube (M5) are connected with the output pole of the second switching tube (M2); the control poles of the fourth switching tube (M4) and the fifth switching tube (M5) are connected with the output pole of the fourth switching tube (M4);
the output pole of the fifth switching tube (M5) is configured to output a current or a voltage.
5. The low voltage self-starting circuit structure of claim 4, wherein the output circuit (200) further comprises: a fifth transistor (Q5) and a sixth resistor (R6);
the collector of the fifth triode (Q5) is connected with the output electrode of the fifth switching tube (M5), and the emitter of the fifth triode (Q5) is connected with the grounding end through the sixth resistor (R6); the base electrode of the fifth triode (Q5) is connected with the collector electrode of the fifth triode (Q5);
an output pole of the fifth switching tube (M5) is configured to output a zero drift voltage.
6. The low voltage self-starting circuit structure of claim 4, wherein the output circuit (200) further comprises: a sixth switching tube (M6), a sixth triode (Q6) and a seventh resistor (R7);
The input electrode of the sixth switching tube (M6) is connected with the output electrode of the second switching tube (M2), and the control electrode of the sixth switching tube (M6) is connected with the control electrode of the fourth switching tube (M4);
the collector of the sixth triode (Q6) is connected with the output electrode of the sixth switching tube (M6), and the emitter of the sixth triode (Q6) is connected with the grounding end through the seventh resistor (R7); the base electrode of the sixth triode (Q6) is connected with the collector electrode of the sixth triode (Q6);
the output pole of the fifth switching tube (M5) is configured to output a current, and the output pole of the sixth switching tube (M6) is configured to output a zero-drift voltage.
7. The low voltage self-starting circuit structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the number ratio of the second transistor (Q2) to the third transistor (Q3) is the same.
8. The low voltage self-starting circuit structure according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the output circuit (200) further comprises: a seventh switching tube (M7), an eighth switching tube (M8), a ninth switching tube (M9), a tenth switching tube (M10), an eleventh switching tube (M11), a twelfth switching tube (M12), a thirteenth switching tube (M13), a seventh triode (Q7) and an eighth resistor (R8);
The input electrode of the seventh switching tube (M7) is connected with the output electrode of the second switching tube (M2), the output electrode of the seventh switching tube (M7) is connected with the input electrode of the ninth switching tube (M9), and the output electrode of the ninth switching tube (M9) is connected with the grounding end; the control electrode of the seventh switching tube (M7) is connected with the output electrode of the seventh switching tube (M7);
the input poles of the tenth switching tube (M10), the eleventh switching tube (M11) and the twelfth switching tube (M12) are connected with the output pole of the second switching tube (M2), and the control poles of the tenth switching tube (M10), the eleventh switching tube (M11) and the twelfth switching tube (M12) are connected with the output pole of the eleventh switching tube (M11);
the input electrode of the eighth switching tube (M8) is connected with the output electrode of the eleventh switching tube (M11), and the output electrode of the eighth switching tube (M8) is connected with the grounding end; the control electrode of the eighth switching tube (M8) is connected with the input electrode of the ninth switching tube (M9);
the collector of the seventh triode (Q7) is connected with the output electrode of the tenth switching tube (M10), and the emitter of the seventh triode (Q7) is connected with the grounding end;
The input electrode of the thirteenth switching tube (M13) is connected with the output electrode of the eleventh switching tube (M11), and the output electrode of the thirteenth switching tube (M13) is connected with the grounding end through the eighth resistor (R8);
the control electrodes of the ninth switching tube (M9) and the thirteenth switching tube (M13) are connected with the collector electrode of the seventh triode (Q7); the base electrode of the seventh triode (Q7) is connected with one end, far away from the grounding end, of the eighth resistor (R8);
an output pole of the twelfth switching transistor (M12) is configured to output a current.
9. The low voltage self-starting circuit structure of claim 8, wherein the output circuit (200) further comprises: a fourteenth switching tube (M14);
the output electrode of the seventh switching tube (M7) is connected with the input electrode of the ninth switching tube (M9) through the fourteenth switching tube (M14); the control electrode of the fourteenth switching tube (M14) is connected with the output electrode of the fourteenth switching tube (M14).
10. The low voltage self-starting circuit structure of claim 8, wherein VGS1-VGS2+ & gt VGS3 is greater than or equal to VGS7+VGS8;
wherein VGS1 represents the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the first switching tube (M1), VGS2 represents the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the second switching tube (M2), VGS3 represents the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the third switching tube (M3), Σvgs3 represents the sum of the voltages between the control electrode and the output electrode of all the third switching tubes (M3), VGS7 represents the voltage between the input electrode and the control electrode of the seventh switching tube (M7), and VGS8 represents the voltage between the control electrode and the output electrode of the eighth switching tube (M8).
11. The low voltage self-starting circuit structure of claim 8, wherein the output circuit (200) further comprises: a fifteenth switching tube (M15) and a sixteenth switching tube (M16);
the input poles of the fifteenth switching tube (M15) and the sixteenth switching tube (M16) are connected with the output pole of the second switching tube (M2), and the output pole of the fifteenth switching tube (M15) is connected with the output pole of the sixteenth switching tube (M16);
the control electrode of the fifteenth switching tube (M15) is connected with the control electrode of the fourth switching tube (M4), and the control electrode of the sixteenth switching tube (M16) is connected with the control electrode of the eleventh switching tube (M11);
an output pole of the sixteenth switching transistor (M16) is configured to output a current.
12. A semiconductor integrated circuit control chip comprising the low voltage self-starting circuit structure of any one of claims 1 to 11.
13. A battery charging circuit comprising the semiconductor integrated circuit control chip of claim 12.
CN202311161549.4A 2023-09-11 2023-09-11 Low-voltage self-starting circuit structure Active CN116896138B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101083453A (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-05 中国科学院微电子研究所 Self-startup low voltage operating current mirror circuit
CN108227802A (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-29 电信科学技术研究院 A kind of self-start circuit and startup method
CN109613951A (en) * 2018-11-30 2019-04-12 宁波德晶元科技有限公司 A kind of band-gap reference source circuit with self-start circuit
CN114567156A (en) * 2022-04-13 2022-05-31 脉砥微电子(杭州)有限公司 Low-leakage starting circuit applied to self-powered chip system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101083453A (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-05 中国科学院微电子研究所 Self-startup low voltage operating current mirror circuit
CN108227802A (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-29 电信科学技术研究院 A kind of self-start circuit and startup method
CN109613951A (en) * 2018-11-30 2019-04-12 宁波德晶元科技有限公司 A kind of band-gap reference source circuit with self-start circuit
CN114567156A (en) * 2022-04-13 2022-05-31 脉砥微电子(杭州)有限公司 Low-leakage starting circuit applied to self-powered chip system

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