CN116841032A - Endoscope lens, electronic endoscope and image acquisition method - Google Patents
Endoscope lens, electronic endoscope and image acquisition method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116841032A CN116841032A CN202310647174.6A CN202310647174A CN116841032A CN 116841032 A CN116841032 A CN 116841032A CN 202310647174 A CN202310647174 A CN 202310647174A CN 116841032 A CN116841032 A CN 116841032A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 206010010071 Coma Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 201000009310 astigmatism Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2476—Non-optical details, e.g. housings, mountings, supports
- G02B23/2484—Arrangements in relation to a camera or imaging device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/50—Constructional details
- H04N23/555—Constructional details for picking-up images in sites, inaccessible due to their dimensions or hazardous conditions, e.g. endoscopes or borescopes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/90—Arrangement of cameras or camera modules, e.g. multiple cameras in TV studios or sports stadiums
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- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Endoscopes (AREA)
- Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of endoscopes, and provides an endoscope lens, an electronic endoscope and an image acquisition method, wherein a mounting hole is formed in a printed circuit board, a double-sided image sensor which is parallel to the axis of the endoscope is arranged in the mounting hole, and light beam conversion mechanisms for converting light beams in an endoscope group onto the double-sided image sensor are respectively arranged at two sides of the double-sided image sensor, so that the requirement on the radial size of the endoscope lens is reduced by reducing the number of the image sensors and the mounting hole; meanwhile, a rotatable shading mechanism is arranged at the position between the double-sided image sensor and the lens group in the lens tube, and light beams in the two lens groups are alternately shaded through rotation of the shading mechanism, so that alternate exposure of two sides of the double-sided image sensor is realized, the acquisition of respective continuous video images of the left and right channel lens groups is realized by one image sensor, and meanwhile, the problem that blurred images appear in simultaneous exposure of two sides of the double-sided image sensor is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of endoscopes, and particularly relates to an endoscope lens, an electronic endoscope and an image acquisition method.
Background
The electronic endoscope optical lens group and the image sensor are both positioned at the front end of the endoscope, the image sensor is perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens group in some technologies and limited by the size of the endoscope, and the size of the optical lens group and the size of the image sensor are designed to be small. The size of the image sensor directly affects the image resolution and image quality, and the electronic endoscope is limited by the fact that the image quality of the electronic endoscope is poor compared with that of the optical endoscope, which severely limits the development of the electronic endoscope.
The inventor finds that in order to increase the size of an image sensor in a limited space at the front end of an endoscope so as to achieve the aim of improving the quality of acquired images, in the prior art, a scheme of arranging the image sensor in parallel with the optical axis of a lens group is adopted, and the image sensor is fixed on a printed circuit board after being arranged in parallel with the optical axis of the lens group, and at the moment, a prism group and other structures are required to be arranged to change the direction of a light beam so that the light beam can be received by the image sensor; in practical operation, in order to receive two light beams distributed in the same plane mirror group, two image sensors are required to be symmetrically fixed on the printed circuit board, and the two image sensors are respectively used for receiving the two light beams, and the two image sensors are symmetrically fixed on the printed circuit board.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the application provides an endoscope lens, an electronic endoscope and an image acquisition method, wherein two image sensors on a printed circuit board are replaced by one double-sided image sensor, so that the size of the printed circuit board in the thickness direction is reduced, and the requirement on the radial size of the endoscope lens is reduced; meanwhile, the shading mechanism capable of rotating between the two lens groups is arranged, the purpose of alternately exposing two sides of the double-sided image sensor is achieved, and the quality of acquired images is guaranteed while the 3D video images are acquired.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present application provides an endoscope lens, which adopts the following technical scheme:
an endoscope lens comprises a lens tube and a lens group, wherein two optical axes of the lens group are arranged at the end part of the lens tube and positioned on the same plane;
a printed circuit board is arranged in the middle of the inside of the mirror tube, a mounting hole is formed in the printed circuit board, and a double-sided image sensor which is parallel to the axis of the mirror tube is arranged in the mounting hole; the inside of the lens tube is positioned at two sides of the double-sided image sensor, and light beam conversion mechanisms for converting light beams in the lens group to the double-sided image sensor are respectively arranged;
the rotatable shading mechanism is arranged in the lens tube and positioned between the double-sided image sensor and the lens group, and light beams in the two lens groups are alternately shaded through rotation of the shading mechanism, so that alternate exposure of two sides of the double-sided image sensor is realized.
Further, the shading mechanism comprises a power device arranged in the middle of the lens tube and a shading plate arranged on the power device, and the shading plate is a circular plate provided with a light through hole.
Further, the power device is a motor, and the rotation speed of the motor is the same as (or an integer multiple of) the frame rate of the double-sided image sensor.
Further, the light passing holes are arc long holes.
Further, the light beam conversion mechanism is a prism group.
Further, the prism group converts the light beam in the lens group by 90 degrees.
Further, the two lens groups comprise a front lens group positioned at the end part of the lens tube and a rear lens group positioned inside the lens tube.
Further, the printed circuit board is provided with a main chip.
In order to achieve the above object, in a second aspect, the present application further provides an endoscope, which adopts the following technical scheme:
an electronic endoscope employing the endoscope lens as described in the first aspect.
In order to achieve the above object, in a third aspect, the present application further provides an image acquisition method, which adopts the following technical scheme:
an endoscope lens image acquisition method employing the endoscope lens as described in the first aspect, comprising:
the light beams emitted by the lens group are received by the double-sided image sensor through the light beam conversion mechanism; and in the process that the double-sided image sensor receives the light beams, the light beams emitted by the two lens groups are alternately shielded by the light shielding mechanism, so that the alternate exposure of the two sides of the double-sided image sensor is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
according to the application, the mounting holes are formed in the printed circuit board, the double-sided image sensors parallel to the axis of the mirror are arranged in the mounting holes, the light beam conversion mechanisms for converting light beams in the mirror group to the double-sided image sensors are respectively arranged at the two sides of the double-sided image sensors, and compared with the mode that one image sensor is respectively fixed at the two sides of the printed circuit board on the basis of realizing the axial mounting of the image sensors along the mirror axis, the size in the thickness direction of the printed circuit board is reduced, meanwhile, the mounting holes formed in the printed circuit board are of a hollowed-out structure, the size in the thickness direction of the printed circuit board is further reduced, the requirements on the radial size of an endoscope lens are greatly reduced by reducing the number of the image sensors and the opening of the mounting holes, the requirement of the endoscope on the development of miniaturization is met, and the cost for using the image sensors is also reduced; meanwhile, a rotatable shading mechanism is arranged at the position between the double-sided image sensor and the lens group in the lens tube, and light beams in the two lens groups are alternately shaded through rotation of the shading mechanism, so that alternate exposure of two surfaces of the double-sided image sensor is realized, the acquisition of respective continuous video images of the left and right channel lens groups is realized by one image sensor, the problem that blurred images appear in simultaneous exposure of two sides of the double-sided image sensor is avoided, and the quality of an image acquired by an endoscope is ensured while a 3D video image is acquired.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate and explain the embodiments and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement of an image sensor and an optical axis of a lens assembly according to an embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of an image sensor and an optical axis of a lens assembly in parallel according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of two image sensors according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a view showing the light shielding mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the light-transmitting aperture according to example 1 of the present application;
1, an image sensor; 2. a lens group; 21. a front lens group; 22. a rear mirror group; 3. a lens tube; 4. a printed circuit board; 5. a prism group; 6. a double-sided image sensor; 7. a light shielding mechanism; 71. a light-transmitting hole; 72. a motor; 8. a power device; 9. and a main chip.
Detailed Description
The application will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, in some conventional technologies, the image sensor 1 is arranged perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens set 2, fig. 1 is a schematic view of a typical 3D electronic endoscope lens structure, the endoscope lens is composed of two lens sets 2 arranged in parallel, and the lens set 2 and the image sensor 1 form a lens module; wherein the lens group 2 may comprise a front lens group 21 and a rear lens group 22. The optical axis of the lens group 2 is parallel to the axis of the lens tube 3, and the optical axis of the lens group 2 is perpendicular to the plane of the image sensor 1. The two groups of lens groups 2 are arranged along the long side direction of the image sensor 1, so that the observed image accords with the observation habit of human eyes, and the horizontal direction is long side.
However, as the endoscope lens described in fig. 1, the lens group 2 and the image sensor 1 are both positioned at the front end of the endoscope, the image sensor 1 is arranged perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens group 2, and the dimensions of the lens group 2 and the image sensor 1 are designed to be small, which is limited by the size of the endoscope, and the size of the image sensor 1 directly affects the resolution and the quality of the image, which is limited by the fact that the image quality of the electronic endoscope is poor compared with that of the optical endoscope, which severely limits the development of the electronic endoscope.
Aiming at the problems of the endoscope lens in fig. 1, as shown in fig. 2, in the prior art, there is a scheme of arranging the image sensor 1 and the optical axis of the lens group 2 in parallel, and fixing the image sensor 1 and the optical axis of the lens group 2 on the printed circuit board 4 after arranging them in parallel, and at this time, a prism group 5 and other structures need to be arranged to change the direction of the light beam so that the light beam can be received by the image sensor 1; in actual operation, as shown in fig. 3, in order to receive two light beams with two optical axes located in the same plane mirror group 2, two image sensors 1 are required to be symmetrically fixed on a printed circuit board 4 for receiving the two light beams respectively. It will be appreciated that the image sensor 1 is a single-sided image sensor. Specifically, the outer dimension of the endoscope tube 3 is 10mm or not more than 10mm, so that the endoscope tube can be exchanged with endoscope products in the current market in a general way, and matched endoscope consumables can be directly used. The outer dimensions of the two lens groups 2 can be 4.2mm, the optical axis distance of the two lens groups 2 is 5mm, the view angle of the two lens groups 2 is 80 degrees, and a sufficiently large 10-degree view field parallax angle can be formed under the optimal observation distance, so that an image picture with more stereoscopic impression is provided. The prism in the prism group 5 is a pentaprism, the light beam is absorbed into the prism group 5 from the lens group 2, twice total reflection occurs, and the light beam is converted into 90 degrees to irradiate on the image sensor 1. The two image sensors 1 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the printed circuit board 4, wherein the image sensors 1 can be 1/4' CMOS image sensors, adopt COB packaging mode,the effective image area is about 10mm 2 Compared with a 1/6' image sensor generally adopted in a method for vertically and linearly arranging the image sensor and the optical axis in a typical 3D electronic endoscope lens structure, the effective photosensitive image area is doubled more than one time, and video pictures with better image quality can be provided.
However, as in the solution of fig. 2, the manner of symmetrically fixing the two image sensors 1 on the printed circuit board 4 may increase the area of the image sensor 1, but the size in the thickness direction of the printed circuit board 4 is also increased, and the radial dimension of the endoscope lens is affected by the structure of the prism group 5 for changing the direction of the light beam, which is provided in front of the two image sensors 1, respectively, which is disadvantageous for the development of the endoscope in the small dimension direction.
In order to solve the problem of the endoscope lens in fig. 2, as shown in fig. 4, this embodiment provides an endoscope lens, which adopts the following technical scheme:
an endoscope lens comprises a lens tube 3 and a lens group 2, wherein two optical axes of the lens group 2 are arranged at the end part of the lens tube 3 and positioned on the same plane;
a printed circuit board 4 is arranged in the middle position inside the mirror tube 3, a mounting hole is formed in the printed circuit board 4, and a double-sided image sensor 6 axially parallel to the mirror tube 3 is mounted in the mounting hole; the inside of the lens tube 3 is positioned at two sides of the double-sided image sensor 6, and light beam conversion mechanisms for converting light beams in the lens group 2 onto the double-sided image sensor 6 are respectively arranged;
the rotatable shading mechanism 7 is arranged in the position between the double-sided image sensor 6 and the lens group 2 in the lens tube 3, and the light beams in the two lens groups 2 are alternately shaded by the rotation of the shading mechanism 7, so that the alternate exposure of the two sides of the double-sided image sensor 6 is realized.
Specifically, a mounting hole is formed in the printed circuit board 4, the double-sided image sensor 6 axially parallel to the lens tube 2 is mounted in the mounting hole, and beam conversion mechanisms for converting the beams in the lens group 2 to the double-sided image sensor 6 are respectively arranged at two side positions of the double-sided image sensor 6, so that on the basis of realizing the mounting of the image sensor along the axial position of the lens tube, compared with the mode that one image sensor 1 is respectively fixed at two sides of the printed circuit board 4, the size of the printed circuit board 4 in the thickness direction is reduced, meanwhile, the mounting hole formed in the printed circuit board 4 is of a hollowed-out structure, the size of the printed circuit board 4 in the thickness direction is further reduced, the requirements on the radial size of an endoscope lens are greatly reduced by reducing the number of the image sensors and the mounting hole, the requirement on the development of the endoscope to miniaturization is met, and the cost of using the image sensor is also reduced; meanwhile, a rotatable shading mechanism 7 is arranged at the position between the double-sided image sensor 6 and the lens group 2 in the lens tube 3, and light beams in the two lens groups are alternately shaded through rotation of the shading mechanism 7, so that alternate exposure of two surfaces of the double-sided image sensor 6 is realized, the acquisition of respective continuous video images of the left and right channel lens groups is realized by one image sensor, the problem that blurred images appear in simultaneous exposure of two sides of the double-sided image sensor 6 is avoided, and the quality of the acquired images of the endoscope is ensured while the 3D video images are acquired.
If the light shielding mechanism is not provided, the two sides of the double-sided image sensor 6 are simultaneously exposed, and the image data exposed at the two sides are simultaneously read, so that the images output by the image sensor are disordered, that is, the output images are the superposition of parallax/dislocation images presented by the left channel and the right channel, and the exposure level of the photosensitive area of the image sensor is affected by the simultaneous exposure at the two sides, so that the output images are blurred and overexposed. The two light path channel images can not be separated from each other to form image information of 3D vision, and can not be applied to 3D endoscopic surgery.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the light shielding mechanism 7 includes a power device installed in the middle of the lens tube 3, and a light shielding plate installed on the power device, and the light shielding plate is a circular plate with a light passing hole 71.
In order to ensure the quality of the image and the efficiency of capturing the image, in this embodiment, the power device is a motor 72, the rotation speed of the motor 72 is the same as the frame rate of the dual-sided image sensor 6, it can be understood that the time of exposing the dual-sided image sensor 6 twice at intervals is equal to the switching time of the light passing hole 71 between the two mirror groups 2, for example, when the light passing hole 71 is exposed for the first time, the light beam forms the image on the first surface of the dual-sided image sensor 6, for example, when the light passing hole 71 is exposed for the second time, the light beam passes through the light passing hole 71 to form the image on the second surface of the dual-sided image sensor 6, and so on.
When the light passing hole 71 rotates through the same light path as the lens group 2 and the prism group 5, the light beam is taken into one surface of the double-sided image sensor 6, the surface is exposed and imaged, and the light path on the other side is blocked and does not participate in imaging; in the next frame, the light shielding plate rotates 180 degrees, the light passing hole 71 rotates to the other side light path, and the other side light path is exposed for imaging. The alternate exposure imaging of the light paths at the two sides is completed, the two frames of images are combined to form a group of 3D images, the 3D imaging is generally carried out for 30-60 frames/second, and the interval between the two adjacent frames of images of the left and right light paths does not influence the 3D imaging look and feel.
As shown in fig. 6, the light passing hole 71 is an arc long hole, so that all light beams from the lens group 2 can be ensured to pass through, and imaging quality is improved.
The light beam conversion mechanism is a prism group 5; the prism assembly 5 converts the light beam in the mirror assembly by 90 deg. to achieve that the dual-sided image sensor 6 can receive a vertical light beam.
Both lens groups 2 comprise a front lens group 21 at the end of the lens tube 3 and a rear lens group 22 inside the lens tube 3. Two sets of mirror groups 2 arranged symmetrically in parallel can simultaneously provide two paths of video images with parallax. The single lens module comprises a lens group 2, a prism group 5 and a double-sided image sensor 6, and is arranged in a lens base and a lens tube 3, wherein the lens base can be understood as a part of the lens tube 3 and is used for installing the lens group 2. The mirror base and the mirror tube 3 are structures and supporting pieces, and the materials can be medical stainless steel; the lens group 2 may be a lens group for collecting light and providing a view angle required by an endoscope, and has functions of correcting spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, curvature of field, distortion, chromatic aberration, and other aberrations. The prism group 5 is positioned behind the lens group 2, and the prism group 5 can comprise a lens and a pentaprism, and provides a turning function, so that the trend of the light beam can be deflected by 90 degrees, and the requirement of structural layout is met; meanwhile, the positive image is obtained after two image transfer, which accords with the observation habit, reduces the later software image processing process, and saves and releases hardware processing resources.
The Printed Circuit Board (PCBA) 4 adopts full copper-paving process, has good heat conductivity, can evenly spread the accumulated heat of image sensor core heat generating part to whole PCBA board, has arranged at PCBA board rear and has heat conduction block, and its material is high heat conduction materials such as pure copper, pure aluminium and graphite alkene, and its one side laminating is on the PCBA board, and opposite side and the laminating of mirror tube 3 curved surface can evenly derive the heat on the PCBA board to mirror tube 3, or the heat conduction block adopts high heat conduction heat pipe, with PCBA accumulated heat follow mirror tube 3 axial transfer to the endoscope rear end to reduce the heat accumulation of front end and lead to the human damage risk that the camera lens overtemperature causes.
The printed circuit board 4 is mounted with a main chip 9 for processing the acquired image.
In the embodiment, the design of the double-sided image sensor 6 arranged in the axial direction of the endoscope is adopted, so that the total thickness of the printed circuit board 4 is reduced, the optimal design of a radial optical path of the endoscope is facilitated, and the imaging quality is further improved; the design of the double-sided image sensor 6 arranged in the axial direction of the endoscope is adopted, 3D imaging can be realized by using only a single image sensor, and the cost of the image sensor is reduced; the method adopts the design of a double-sided image sensor 6 arranged in the axial direction of the endoscope, and the double-sided image sensor 6 alternately exposes and images two sides, and acquires and simultaneously displays and outputs 3D images in a time-sharing way.
Example 2:
the present embodiment provides an electronic endoscope employing the endoscope lens as described in example 1; it should be noted that other portions of the electronic endoscope may be implemented by conventional techniques, and are not described in detail herein.
Example 3:
the present embodiment provides an endoscope lens image acquisition method, using the endoscope lens described in embodiment 1, including:
the light beam emitted by the lens group 2 is received by the double-sided image sensor 6 through a light beam conversion mechanism; in the process that the double-sided image sensor 6 receives the light beams, the light shielding mechanism 7 alternately shields the light beams emitted by the two lens groups so as to realize the alternate exposure of the two sides of the double-sided image sensor 6.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, and is not intended to limit the present embodiment, and various modifications and variations can be made to the present embodiment by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present embodiment should be included in the protection scope of the present embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. An endoscope lens is characterized by comprising a lens tube and a lens group, wherein two optical axes of the lens group are arranged at the end part of the lens tube and positioned on the same plane;
a printed circuit board is arranged in the middle of the inside of the mirror tube, a mounting hole is formed in the printed circuit board, and a double-sided image sensor which is parallel to the axis of the mirror tube is arranged in the mounting hole; the inside of the lens tube is positioned at two sides of the double-sided image sensor, and light beam conversion mechanisms for converting light beams in the lens group to the double-sided image sensor are respectively arranged;
the rotatable shading mechanism is arranged in the lens tube and positioned between the double-sided image sensor and the lens group, and light beams in the two lens groups are alternately shaded through rotation of the shading mechanism, so that alternate exposure of two sides of the double-sided image sensor is realized.
2. An endoscope lens according to claim 1, wherein said light shielding mechanism comprises a power device mounted in the middle of said lens tube, and a light shielding plate mounted on said power device, said light shielding plate being a circular plate provided with a light passing hole.
3. An endoscope lens according to claim 2, wherein said power means is a motor, and wherein the rotational speed of said motor is the same as (or an integer multiple of) the frame rate of said dual-sided image sensor.
4. An endoscope lens according to claim 2, wherein said light passing aperture is an arcuate slot.
5. An endoscope lens according to claim 1 and wherein said beam conversion mechanism is a prism assembly.
6. An endoscope lens according to claim 5 and wherein said prism assembly converts the light beam in the lens assembly by 90 °.
7. An endoscope lens according to claim 1 and wherein both lens groups comprise a front lens group at an end of said tube and a rear lens group at an interior of said tube.
8. An endoscope lens according to claim 1, wherein said printed circuit board has a main chip mounted thereon.
9. An electronic endoscope, characterized in that an endoscope lens according to any one of claims 1-8 is used.
10. An endoscope lens image acquisition method, characterized in that an endoscope lens as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is employed, comprising:
the light beams emitted by the lens group are received by the double-sided image sensor through the light beam conversion mechanism; and in the process that the double-sided image sensor receives the light beams, the light beams emitted by the two lens groups are alternately shielded by the light shielding mechanism, so that the alternate exposure of the two sides of the double-sided image sensor is realized.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310647174.6A CN116841032A (en) | 2023-05-31 | 2023-05-31 | Endoscope lens, electronic endoscope and image acquisition method |
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| CN202310647174.6A CN116841032A (en) | 2023-05-31 | 2023-05-31 | Endoscope lens, electronic endoscope and image acquisition method |
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