CN116801211A - 5G communication system and communication method for extremely thin coal seam exploitation - Google Patents

Abstract

A5G communication system and a communication method for mining extremely thin coal seam belong to the field of 5G special communication. The invention solves the problem of poor communication performance of the fully mechanized mining face of the ultra-thin coal mining. The method specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring downhole data; the acquired data are sent to the mining integrated micro base station through an antenna and a leakage cable; after collecting data by utilizing a mining integrated micro base station, forwarding the data to a multi-megaoptical ring network, wherein the multi-megaoptical ring network transmits the data to a ground core switching network on a well by utilizing a transmission medium; the ground core switching network forwards the data to the 5G core network, and the 5G core network is utilized to process and manage the data from the data terminal and the wireless detection equipment; the data in the 5G core network is connected to the public network. The method can be applied to the exploitation of extremely thin coal beds.

Description

5G communication system and communication method for extremely thin coal seam exploitation

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of 5G special communication, and particularly relates to a 5G communication system and a communication method for mining an extremely thin coal seam.

Background

The 5G technology is a main direction of development of the new generation mobile communication technology, and is an important component of the new generation information infrastructure. Compared with 4G, 5G has the technical characteristics of ultra-high speed, ultra-low time delay and ultra-large connection, so that the network experience of a user is further improved, the faster transmission speed is brought to the mobile terminal, the application requirements of future everything interconnection are met, and the online connection capability of everything is given.

Along with the acceleration of construction of intelligent mines, a mining communication system should be constructed with a wired communication system, a wireless communication system, a broadcast communication system and the like, and the requirements of centralized and unified dispatching of functions such as mine communication, dispatching, information management, safety guarantee, emergency avoidance and the like are met.

The height of the coal face of the ultra-thin coal seam is 0.7-1.0m, the width is 3-5m, the length is more than 120m, the space comprises large electromechanical equipment of a coal mining machine, a hydraulic support and a scraper conveyor, the electric power is high in the working process, and the electromagnetic interference is serious. The 5G wireless signal transmission channel is complex, the transmission space is filled with water mist, coal dust and dust, and the signal reflectors comprise metal, coal, rock and the like. Under the condition, the blocking of different transmission paths, different transmission media, a coal mining machine and a hydraulic support leads to the complex transmission characteristics of 5G signals, and the working surface space of an extremely thin coal seam is narrow, wiring is difficult and the like, so that the data transmission is difficult. Therefore, the communication performance of the intelligent mining fully-mechanized mining face of the ultra-thin coal seam is poor, and the problem of communication in the ultra-thin coal seam mining is a problem which needs to be solved at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem of poor communication performance of a fully mechanized mining face of ultra-thin coal mining, and provides a 5G communication system and a communication method for ultra-thin coal mining.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

according to one aspect of the invention, a 5G communication system for extremely thin seam mining comprises a 5G core network, a mining integrated micro base station, an antenna, a leakage cable, a mining 5G mobile phone, a wireless monitoring module, a data terminal and wireless detection equipment, wherein:

the data terminal and the wireless detection equipment are used for transmitting data to the mining integrated micro base station through the leakage cable;

the mining 5G mobile phone and the wireless monitoring module are used for transmitting data to the mining integrated micro base station through the antenna;

the mining integrated micro base station is used for collecting, processing and forwarding data to a tera-megaoptical ring network, and the tera-megaoptical ring network is connected to a ground core switching network through a transmission medium; the ground core switching network is used for forwarding data to a 5G core network;

the 5G core network is used for processing and managing data from the mining 5G mobile phone, the wireless monitoring module, the data terminal and the wireless detection equipment.

Further, the transmission medium is an optical fiber.

Based on another aspect of the invention, a 5G communication method for mining an extremely thin coal seam comprises the following specific processes in a coal face coverage scene:

step one, acquiring data of underground equipment and meters by utilizing a data terminal, and acquiring data of the content, wind speed, humidity, temperature, noise level and breaker state of each underground gas by utilizing a wireless detection device;

the gas content data comprises methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen content;

step two, the data acquired in the step one are sent to the mining integrated micro base station through a leakage cable;

step three, collecting and processing the data acquired in the step one by utilizing a mining integrated micro base station, and then forwarding the data to a multi-megaoptical ring network, wherein the multi-megaoptical ring network transmits the data to a ground core switching network on a well by utilizing a transmission medium;

and step four, the ground core switching network forwards the data to the 5G core network, and the 5G core network is utilized to process and manage the data from the data terminal and the wireless detection equipment.

The method comprises the following specific processes in a roadway coverage scene:

step five, providing voice and video functions by using a mining 5G mobile phone, and providing underground video data in real time by using a wireless monitoring module;

transmitting data of the mining 5G mobile phone and the wireless monitoring module to the mining integrated micro base station by using an antenna;

step seven, collecting and processing the data obtained in the step five by utilizing a mining integrated micro base station, and then forwarding the data to a multi-megaoptical ring network, wherein the multi-megaoptical ring network transmits the data to a ground core switching network on a well by utilizing a transmission medium;

and step eight, the ground core switching network forwards the data to the 5G core network, and the 5G core network is utilized to process and manage the data from the mining 5G mobile phone and the wireless monitoring module.

Further, the mining integrated micro base station comprises a medium radio frequency chip, a filter and an NR baseband processing chip, and the processing process of the mining integrated micro base station on data is as follows:

step 1, receiving and amplifying data by using a medium radio frequency chip, transmitting the amplified data to a filter, and transmitting the filtered data to an NR baseband processing chip;

and 2, processing and decoding the filtered data by using an NR baseband processing chip.

Further, the mining integrated micro base station also comprises a power supply, wherein the power supply is used for providing stable voltage and current for the medium radio frequency chip and the NR baseband processing chip.

Further, the 5G core network performs data transmission with a public network supporting an operator, and the data transmission method specifically includes:

step (1), determining the position of an edge gateway in a public network, to which data in a 5G core network needs to be connected;

step (2), verifying the communication security of the 5G core network and the public network, if the communication security is not passed, executing the step (3), otherwise, executing the step (4);

step (3), after setting a network isolation technology, executing step (4);

step (4), the 5G core network utilizes a communication protocol to connect the data to the public network connection point corresponding to the edge gateway position determined in the step (1);

and (5) the public network receives and processes the data, and the processed data is transmitted to the public network base station by the public network.

Still further, the network isolation technique is a firewall or VPN.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the invention can effectively solve the problems of narrow space, difficult wiring and the like of the working face of the ultra-thin coal seam, which are caused by data transmission, and provides high-reliability, large-bandwidth and low-delay communication guarantee for the intelligent operations of automatic operation of coal mining equipment, ground remote control, coal cutting, pushing, frame moving, transportation, dust removing, monitoring and the like of the working face. The 5G wireless signal can effectively reduce the probability of scraping and damaging optical cables and cables when used for covering the underground and key coal mining areas, greatly reduce potential safety hazards and improve working and transition efficiency.

The invention solves the problems of difficult work caused by extremely thin coal seam space and potential safety hazard and efficiency existing in the working process, realizes intelligent operation, provides high-reliability, large-bandwidth and low-time-delay communication guarantee, and ensures the communication performance of the fully-mechanized mining face of extremely thin coal seam exploitation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the location of a 5GC core network in a 5G network and the network element composition;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an IMS core network architecture in a miniaturized 5G core network on the ground;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mining integrated micro base station structure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the specific operation of a 5G communication system for intelligent mining of very thin coal seams connected to a public network;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure between the public network and the private network of the 5G core network.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment of the present invention is a 5G communication system for mining an ultra-thin coal seam, the system including a 5G core network, a mining integrated micro base station, an antenna, a leakage cable, a mining 5G mobile phone, a wireless monitoring module, a data terminal and a wireless detection device, wherein:

the data terminal and the wireless detection equipment are used for transmitting data to the mining integrated micro base station through the leakage cable;

the mining 5G mobile phone and the wireless monitoring module are used for transmitting data to the mining integrated micro base station through the antenna;

the mining integrated micro base station is used for collecting, processing and transferring data to a tera-megaoptical ring network, and the tera-megaoptical ring network is connected to a ground core switching network through a transmission medium (which can be an optical fiber); the ground core switching network is used for forwarding data to a 5G core network;

the 5G core network is used for processing and managing data from the mining 5G mobile phone, the wireless monitoring module, the data terminal and the wireless detection equipment.

The extremely thin coal seam in the present invention means a coal seam having a thickness of 0.3 to 0.5 m.

The second embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1. The communication method of the 5G communication system for mining extremely thin coal seam according to the first embodiment comprises the following specific processes in a coal face coverage scene:

step one, acquiring data of underground equipment and meters by utilizing a data terminal, and acquiring data of the content, wind speed, humidity, temperature, noise level and breaker state of each underground gas by utilizing a wireless detection device;

the gas content data comprises methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen content;

step two, the data acquired in the step one are sent to the mining integrated micro base station through a leakage cable;

step three, collecting and processing the data acquired in the step one by utilizing a mining integrated micro base station, and then forwarding the data to a multi-megaoptical ring network, wherein the multi-megaoptical ring network transmits the data to a ground core switching network on a well by utilizing a transmission medium;

and step four, the ground core switching network forwards the data to the 5G core network, and the 5G core network is utilized to process and manage the data from the data terminal and the wireless detection equipment.

The method comprises the following specific processes in a roadway coverage scene:

step five, providing voice and video functions by using a mining 5G mobile phone, and providing underground video data in real time by using a wireless monitoring module;

transmitting data of the mining 5G mobile phone and the wireless monitoring module to the mining integrated micro base station by using an antenna;

step seven, collecting and processing the data obtained in the step five by utilizing a mining integrated micro base station, and then forwarding the data to a multi-megaoptical ring network, wherein the multi-megaoptical ring network transmits the data to a ground core switching network on a well by utilizing a transmission medium;

and step eight, the ground core switching network forwards the data to the 5G core network, and the 5G core network is utilized to process and manage the data from the mining 5G mobile phone and the wireless monitoring module.

The details are as follows:

5G core network: the method provides the functions of registering and controlling the underground wireless network, authenticating the service, data and VoNR service and the like.

The hardware platform adopts a 2U server, and a 5GC core network and an IMS core network system are respectively installed on the platform. The 5G core network adopts a single physical node device to integrate a complete set of 5GC core network element and NFV network virtualization technology, and each NF can share the same platform and the same management system, and the decoupling of the network element function and the hardware resource is realized through an all IP carrier-grade software and hardware platform.

As shown in fig. 2, the 5GC core network includes a plurality of network elements such as AMF, SMF, UPF, UDM, AUSF.

AMF: providing access and mobility management functions. And completing the mobility management of the user, and maintaining the user registration and connection state.

SMF: session management functions are provided. Session management, downlink data notification, session policy control, etc. are completed.

UPF: and finishing PDU session user plane data forwarding.

UDM: providing data management and storage functions. And managing and storing user subscription and authentication data.

AUSF: and providing an authentication server function, supporting the authentication of 3GPP access, and providing a user authentication function for other NF.

As shown in fig. 3, the IMS core network adopts the international standard IMS network architecture and protocol standard defined by 3GPP, and a single hardware integrates multiple IMS core network elements such as P-CSCF, I-CSCF, S-CSCF, MGCF, IM-MGW, HSS, PSTN, and the like.

P-CSCF: proxy, signaling security for user IMS services.

I-CSCF: for allocation of the home network S-CSCF18, routing of IMS incoming calls.

S-CSCF: for authentication, registration, service authorization, service triggering, service routing, session control, etc. of the user.

MGCF: for user data management, user access authentication, roaming registration, call routing, providing information for the I-CSCF to select the S-CSCF, providing user information for the AS.

IM-MGW: for interworking of IMS, PSTN22, CS domain user plane wide narrowband bearers and necessary Codec transcoding.

HSS: the method is used for realizing interaction between the IMS core control surface and PSTN or PLMN CS, and controlling the IM-MGW to complete real-time conversion between PSTN bearing and IMS domain user surface.

Mining integrated micro base station: wireless access, spectrum management, multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO), network slicing, and the like may be provided.

As shown in fig. 4, the mining integrated micro base station is 5G NR integrated micro station equipment based on an SOC base station chip, and a circuit board includes an NR baseband processing chip, a medium radio frequency chip, a duplexer, a filter, a power module, and the like. The product module consists of a CPU, a PHY processing chip, an FPGA, a radio frequency unit and the like, the underground station synchronization scheme adopts two paths of optical ports for synchronization, a NG port outputs 2 x 10G optical ports, one optical port is used for cascading, and the other optical port is used for returning. The mining integrated micro base station supports the shunt circuits 4T4R and 2T2R, the peak flow is 1.6Gbps, and the two sides of the base station are respectively covered.

The mining integrated micro base station comprises a tera-ring network exchange module, can directly upgrade the underground ring network into the tera-ring network, and can also directly dock ring network exchanger equipment. The method supports an external antenna, the maximum transmitting power of the mining integrated micro base station is 4 x 250mW, and a 5G NR cell with 2.6 frequency bands, 100MHz bandwidth and 4 antennas is supported.

The mining integrated micro base station supports all-IP transmission, is flexible and convenient to deploy, and supports the backhaul throughput capacity of 10Gbps with an external backhaul interface (Internet and 5 GC). And simultaneously, a network synchronous clock receiving and transmitting interface is supported for clock synchronization between base stations.

The mining integrated micro base station processes data as follows:

step 1, receiving and amplifying data by using a medium radio frequency chip, transmitting the amplified data to a filter, and transmitting the filtered data to an NR baseband processing chip;

the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:

receiving and demodulating: first, the mining integrated micro base station receives 5G NR data transmitted from radio signals that enter a base Radio Frequency (RF) front end module through an antenna. The middle radio frequency chip of the base Radio Frequency (RF) front end module is responsible for receiving and amplifying the signals and transmitting the signals to the filter for further processing;

and (3) radio frequency filtering: the filter is used to filter out spurious interference and unwanted frequency components in the radio signal to preserve the desired 5G NR signal. And the filtered signals are sent to an NR baseband processing chip for digital processing.

And 2, processing and decoding the filtered data by using an NR baseband processing chip.

The step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:

digital processing: the NR baseband processing chip is responsible for processing and decoding the digital signal. It performs functions such as channel coding, modulation and demodulation, channel estimation, descrambling, etc. The NR baseband processing chip converts the signal into digital data and parses and processes it according to the 5GNR standard.

The CPU processes and schedules the decoded data, and then sends the scheduled data to the multi-megaoptical ring network; the method comprises the following steps:

data processing and scheduling: once the signal decoding is completed, the base station needs to process and schedule the decoded data to allocate and forward according to the network requirements. Including allocating resources, scheduling users, controlling traffic, etc., to ensure efficient network performance and user experience.

And (3) data transmission: the processed data is sent to the core network or other network nodes through Ethernet or other transmission modes. Such data may require protocol conversion, encapsulation, and decapsulation operations to accommodate different network environments.

The CPU is responsible for the overall control and management of the device, the PHY processing chip is responsible for the signal processing of the physical layer, the FPGA provides hardware acceleration and flexibility, and the radio frequency unit is responsible for the processing and adjustment of radio frequency signals.

The mining integrated micro base station also comprises a power supply, wherein the power supply is used for providing stable voltage and current for the medium radio frequency chip and the NR baseband processing chip.

And (3) power management: the mining integrated micro base station also comprises a power module for providing required power supply and management. The power module is responsible for providing stable voltage and current for each chip, and monitors indexes such as power consumption, temperature and the like so as to ensure normal operation of the equipment.

The mining integrated micro base station has the advantages that:

1) High integration. One device integrates BBU and RRU functions, so that modification and authentication modes can be simplified;

2) The power consumption is low. The explosion-proof or flame-proof modification is easy to be carried out.

3) Small volume and light weight. The total weight of the transformed equipment is not large, and the equipment is very convenient to deploy.

4) The base station is connected with the transmission equipment. The optical fiber ring network can be connected.

5) By the self-healing function of the optical fiber ring network, higher reliability and robustness can be realized.

6) The cost is low. The integrated equipment cost, deployment cost and maintenance cost are lower than those of the distributed base station.

An antenna: and the radio frequency signals matched with the 5G base station are effectively radiated. In a roadway coverage scene, a 2-channel +/-45-degree orthogonally polarized plate-shaped directional antenna is adopted, and the antenna gain cannot exceed 7dBi. Either wall-mounted or mounted using directional antenna brackets. When the antenna is deployed, no direct shielding object is required around the antenna, and the main lobe direction of the antenna is over against the target coverage area.

Leakage cable: for signal transmission and reception, a 1-1/4 inch or 1-5/8 inch gauge leaky cable is used to generate surface currents on the outer conductor through a series of openings in the outer conductor of the cable, thereby creating electromagnetic fields across the cross-section at the cable openings, which correspond to a series of antennas.

Mining 5G cell-phone: and the mining intrinsic safety type 5G mobile phone is selected and used for providing service functions such as voice, video and the like.

And (3) wireless monitoring: and providing functions such as underground video in real time.

And (3) a data terminal: the use of 5G network connections and the transfer of data can be supported.

Wireless monitoring device: the device is used for monitoring the gas content of methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and the like in the pit, the wind speed, the state of a breaker and the like.

The specific connection process of the data terminal is as follows:

for the data back transmission of 5G used for underground equipment and instruments, a 5G communication module is needed to be embedded into an industrial switch and an industrial frequency converter, interconnected and communicated with a DTU or a router of the equipment through an RJ45 interface, and an antenna is led out from an explosion-proof box of the industrial equipment to the outside through a feeder line, and is powered on automatically, configured in a zero mode and connected into a 5G base station.

Third embodiment, this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 5 and 6. The second difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is that the data transmission is performed between the 5G core network and the public network supporting the operator, and the data transmission method specifically includes:

step (1), determining the position of an edge gateway in a public network, to which data in a 5G core network needs to be connected;

step (2), verifying the communication security of the 5G core network and the public network, if the communication security is not passed, executing the step (3), otherwise, executing the step (4);

step (3), after setting a network isolation technology, executing step (4);

step (4), the 5G core network utilizes a communication protocol to connect the data to the public network connection point corresponding to the edge gateway position determined in the step (1);

and (5) the public network receives and processes the data (including data encryption, authentication, integrity check and other works), and the processed data is transmitted to the public network base station by the public network.

Still further, the network isolation technique is a firewall or VPN (virtual private network).

By providing a firewall, VPN (virtual private network) or other network isolation technology, the data may be protected from unauthorized access.

Considering that different application requirements of mines on wireless communication are met, the private network 5G miniaturized core network also supports the butt joint with the operator public network core network, so that one machine, one card and one number are realized, mine users use the same mobile phone in the well and underground, the mobile phone card and the mobile phone number of the operator public network are adopted, and service intercommunication of voice, short messages, data and the like between the user of the well public network and the user of the underground private network can be realized without changing the number, as shown in fig. 6.

The system adopts an independent private network design, underground is covered by private network 5G signals, and an uphole public area is covered by cooperative operator public network signals. The private network construction is realized by locally deploying a miniaturized 5G core network, the related data can be processed locally without accessing a public network, and the daily state, the alarm information and the like can be checked locally. The system time delay is effectively reduced, and the safety of user data is ensured; and the data traffic generated within the private network does not charge any traffic fee.

The above examples of the present invention are only for describing the calculation model and calculation flow of the present invention in detail, and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications of the above description will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, and it is not intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments, all of which are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a 5G communication system towards exploitation of extremely thin coal seam, its characterized in that, the system includes 5G core network, mining integration micro base station, antenna, leakage cable, mining 5G cell-phone, wireless monitoring module, data terminal and wireless detection equipment, wherein:

the data terminal and the wireless detection equipment are used for transmitting data to the mining integrated micro base station through the leakage cable;

the mining 5G mobile phone and the wireless monitoring module are used for transmitting data to the mining integrated micro base station through the antenna;

the mining integrated micro base station is used for collecting, processing and forwarding data to a tera-megaoptical ring network, and the tera-megaoptical ring network is connected to a ground core switching network through a transmission medium; the ground core switching network is used for forwarding data to a 5G core network;

the 5G core network is used for processing and managing data from the mining 5G mobile phone, the wireless monitoring module, the data terminal and the wireless detection equipment.

2. A 5G communication system for ultra-thin seam mining according to claim 1, wherein said transmission medium is an optical fiber.

3. The communication method of the 5G communication system for mining of extremely thin coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the method in a coal face coverage scene is as follows:

step one, acquiring data of underground equipment and meters by utilizing a data terminal, and acquiring data of the content, wind speed, humidity, temperature, noise level and breaker state of each underground gas by utilizing a wireless detection device;

the gas content data comprises methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen content;

step two, the data acquired in the step one are sent to the mining integrated micro base station through a leakage cable;

step three, collecting and processing the data acquired in the step one by utilizing a mining integrated micro base station, and then forwarding the data to a multi-megaoptical ring network, wherein the multi-megaoptical ring network transmits the data to a ground core switching network on a well by utilizing a transmission medium;

and step four, the ground core switching network forwards the data to the 5G core network, and the 5G core network is utilized to process and manage the data from the data terminal and the wireless detection equipment.

The method comprises the following specific processes in a roadway coverage scene:

step five, providing voice and video functions by using a mining 5G mobile phone, and providing underground video data in real time by using a wireless monitoring module;

transmitting data of the mining 5G mobile phone and the wireless monitoring module to the mining integrated micro base station by using an antenna;

step seven, collecting and processing the data obtained in the step five by utilizing a mining integrated micro base station, and then forwarding the data to a multi-megaoptical ring network, wherein the multi-megaoptical ring network transmits the data to a ground core switching network on a well by utilizing a transmission medium;

and step eight, the ground core switching network forwards the data to the 5G core network, and the 5G core network is utilized to process and manage the data from the mining 5G mobile phone and the wireless monitoring module.

4. The communication method of the 5G communication system for mining extremely thin coal seam exploitation according to claim 3, wherein the mining integrated micro base station comprises a medium radio frequency chip, a filter and an NR baseband processing chip, and the mining integrated micro base station processes data:

step 1, receiving and amplifying data by using a medium radio frequency chip, transmitting the amplified data to a filter, and transmitting the filtered data to an NR baseband processing chip;

and 2, processing and decoding the filtered data by using an NR baseband processing chip.

5. The communication method of the 5G communication system for mining ultra-thin coal seam exploitation according to claim 4, wherein the mining integrated micro base station further comprises a power supply, and the power supply is used for providing stable voltage and current for the medium radio frequency chip and the NR baseband processing chip.

6. The communication method of a 5G communication system for mining ultra-thin coal seam according to claim 5, wherein the data transmission between the 5G core network and a public network supporting an operator is specifically:

step (1), determining the position of an edge gateway in a public network, to which data in a 5G core network needs to be connected;

step (2), verifying the communication security of the 5G core network and the public network, if the communication security is not passed, executing the step (3), otherwise, executing the step (4);

step (3), after setting a network isolation technology, executing step (4);

step (4), the 5G core network utilizes a communication protocol to connect the data to the public network connection point corresponding to the edge gateway position determined in the step (1);

and (5) the public network receives and processes the data, and the processed data is transmitted to the public network base station by the public network.

7. The communication method of 5G communication system for very thin seam mining of claim 6, wherein the network isolation technology is a firewall or VPN.