CN116760470A - Maritime traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication - Google Patents
Maritime traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116760470A CN116760470A CN202310795946.0A CN202310795946A CN116760470A CN 116760470 A CN116760470 A CN 116760470A CN 202310795946 A CN202310795946 A CN 202310795946A CN 116760470 A CN116760470 A CN 116760470A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wireless optical
- module
- traffic safety
- light source
- optical communication
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2589—Bidirectional transmission
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2589—Bidirectional transmission
- H04B10/25891—Transmission components
Abstract
The invention aims to provide an offshore traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication, which comprises a wireless optical transmitter and a wireless optical receiver which are arranged on a ship, an offshore traffic safety monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle, and a machine body wireless optical transmitter and a machine body wireless optical receiver which are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle; the wireless optical communication is used for replacing the traditional communication method between ships, so that the system can better realize information mutual transmission, the ship communication is more perfect, and the safety of marine traffic is improved; the marine traffic safety monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle is used as a communication relay station, so that the problem that optical communication cannot be performed due to the fact that the distance, light are blocked and the like between ships can be avoided, the point-to-point wireless optical communication mode is changed into space wireless optical communication, and the communication distance and the communication quality of a system are improved; the modulation mode adopts PPM modulation, so that the influence of atmospheric turbulence on a wireless optical communication system is counteracted to a certain extent, and the modulation power utilization rate and the integral anti-interference capability of the system are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless optical communication, in particular to an offshore traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication.
Background
The water way transportation history of China is long, the bearing capacity is large, and the water way transportation device can carry heavier objects compared with other transportation. With the development of economy, the number of marine transport vessels in China is continuously innovative and high, with the rapid development of the vessels, marine traffic safety accidents in China are frequent in recent years, and the problem of safety management of the vessels is increasingly outstanding for ensuring the marine safety trip of the vessels.
When a ship runs in sea waves, the navigation is interfered by the environmental factors such as sea waves, sea winds and the like, and potential safety hazards are unavoidable. Risks during sailing also include a range of factors caused by the vessel, equipment, pilot, etc. Therefore, the traffic safety system of the ship needs to be improved, the communication function of the ship is further improved, communication between the ship and communication between the ship and the marine traffic safety monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle are guaranteed, the ship position can be timely positioned, abnormal ships can transmit messages to nearby ships and unmanned aerial vehicles, other ships can pre-judge and emergency avoidance the abnormal ships in advance, and rescue workers can be quickly dispatched to rescue after the monitoring station receives the fault messages.
In order to improve the running safety of the marine vessels, the electronic technology and the information technology are applied to the field of marine transportation in China, and development strategic research of an intelligent transportation system is developed. However, conventional marine traffic safety systems still have some problems; the marine traffic safety system also generally comprises an on-board automatic identification system, a GPS, an electronic chart display and information system and the like, but many of the systems are based on local sensors, the information has the problems of overlapping and crossing, and the systems have self-independence and are mutually incompatible.
Accordingly, there is a need to provide an offshore traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication that solves the above-mentioned technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an offshore traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication.
The invention provides an offshore traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication, which comprises: install wireless optical transmitter and wireless optical receiver on boats and ships for unmanned aerial vehicle of maritime traffic safety monitoring and install organism wireless optical transmitter and organism wireless optical receiver on unmanned aerial vehicle, wireless optical transmitter is unanimous with organism wireless optical transmitter structure, wireless optical receiver is unanimous with organism wireless optical receiver structure:
the wireless optical transmitter consists of a PPM modulation module, a DAC module, a light source driving module and a light source module, wherein the PPM modulation module is connected with the DAC module, the output end of the DAC module is connected with the light source driving module, and the light source driving module is connected with the light source module;
the PPM modulation module carries out code modulation on ship running condition information acquired in real time to obtain a narrow pulse signal and transmits the narrow pulse signal to the DAC module;
the DAC module converts the modulated narrow pulse signal to obtain an analog signal; then the analog signal is transmitted to a light source driving module;
the light source module is driven by the light source driving module and can emit light beams carrying any information.
The wireless optical receiver comprises an ADC module, a photoelectric detector, an amplifier, a filter and a PPM demodulation module, the wireless optical receiver is connected with a display module,
the output end of the photoelectric detector is connected with the amplifier, the output end of the amplifier is connected with the filter, the filter is connected with the ADC module, the ADC module is connected with the PPM demodulation module, and the output end of the PPM demodulation module is connected with the display module.
The photoelectric detector converts the received optical signal emitted by the wireless optical transmitter into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the amplifier;
the amplifier amplifies the electric signal and transmits the amplified electric signal to the filter;
the filter filters out signal noise from the amplified electric signal, carries out filtering rectification, and transmits the electric signal after filtering rectification to the ADC module;
the ADC module converts the received electroless signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the PPM demodulation module;
the PPM demodulation module demodulates the received digital signal to obtain original data information, and transmits the original data information to the display module;
the display module is used for displaying ship running state information in the original data information
Preferably, the emission light source of the light source module may be an LED light source or an LD light source, the photodetector may select one of a photodiode, an avalanche photodiode, a photomultiplier, or a CCD according to the requirement, the amplifier may be an optical fiber amplifier or a semiconductor laser amplifier, the filter may select one of a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, a band-stop filter, and a band-pass filter according to the requirement, and the display module may employ an LCD display device or an OLED display device
Compared with the related art, the offshore traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the traditional communication method between ships is replaced by wireless optical communication, so that the system can better realize information mutual transmission, the ship communication is more perfect, and the safety of marine traffic is improved;
2. according to the invention, the marine traffic safety monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle is used as a communication relay station, so that the problem that optical communication cannot be performed due to the fact that the distance, light are blocked and the like between ships can be avoided, the point-to-point wireless optical communication mode is changed into space wireless optical communication, and the communication distance and the communication quality of a system are improved;
3. the invention adopts PPM modulation, counteracts the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the wireless optical communication system to a certain extent, and improves the modulation power utilization rate and the integral anti-interference capability of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an offshore traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication architecture of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Specific implementations of the invention are described in detail below in connection with specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides an offshore traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication, comprising: install wireless optical transmitter and wireless optical receiver on boats and ships, marine traffic safety monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle and install organism wireless optical transmitter and organism wireless optical receiver on marine traffic safety monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle, wireless optical transmitter is unanimous with organism wireless optical transmitter structure, wireless optical receiver is unanimous with organism wireless optical receiver structure:
the wireless optical transmitter consists of a PPM modulation module, a DAC module, a light source driving module and a light source module, wherein the PPM modulation module is connected with the DAC module, the output end of the DAC module is connected with the light source driving module, and the light source driving module is connected with the light source module;
the PPM modulation module carries out code modulation on ship running condition information acquired in real time to obtain a narrow pulse signal and transmits the narrow pulse signal to the DAC module; the ship running condition information includes information acquired from various sensors of the ship, such as course information of the ship, running rate, whether a malfunction occurs, etc.
The DAC module converts the modulated narrow pulse signal to obtain an analog signal; then the analog signal is transmitted to a light source driving module;
the light source module is driven by the light source driving module and can emit light beams carrying any information.
The wireless optical receiver comprises an ADC module, a photoelectric detector, an amplifier, a filter and a PPM demodulation module, the wireless optical receiver is connected with a display module,
the output end of the photoelectric detector is connected with the amplifier, the output end of the amplifier is connected with the filter, the filter is connected with the ADC module, the ADC module is connected with the PPM demodulation module, and the output end of the PPM demodulation module is connected with the display module.
The photoelectric detector converts the received optical signal emitted by the wireless optical transmitter into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the amplifier;
the amplifier amplifies the electric signal and transmits the amplified electric signal to the filter;
the filter filters out signal noise from the amplified electric signal, carries out filtering rectification, and transmits the electric signal after filtering rectification to the ADC module;
the ADC module converts the received electroless signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the PPM demodulation module;
the PPM demodulation module demodulates the received digital signal to obtain original data information, and transmits the original data information to the display module;
the display module is used for displaying ship running state information in the original data information.
It should be noted that: after receiving optical signals transmitted by other ships or unmanned aerial vehicle wireless optical transmitters, the wireless optical receivers on the ships convert the optical signals into electric signals, the electric signals are transmitted to the amplifier, and the electric signals are amplified and then enter the filter for shaping and filtering to obtain complete signals. The ADC module converts the received complete signal into a digital signal, and finally the PPM demodulation module modulates and decodes the narrow pulse signal into original information and transmits the original information to the display module, so that the ship displays and receives the running state information from other ships, and the running state information can be judged in advance, thereby effectively avoiding accidents.
And when the system is used, after receiving the light signals transmitted by the wireless light transmitters on the ships, the wireless light receivers arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle perform signal processing, and then transmit the signals to other ships through the wireless light transmitters arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the system plays a role of a communication relay station, avoids the light signals from being blocked in the air, can receive information of one ship and transmit the information to a plurality of ships as required, and solves the problem that communication between ships is limited by distance.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the emission light source of the light source module may be an LED light source or an LD light source, and accordingly, the light source driving module selects the LED light source driving or the LD light source driving according to the light source.
In an embodiment of the invention, the photodetector may be one of a photodiode, an avalanche photodiode, a photomultiplier tube or a CCD according to the use requirements,
it should be noted that: long-range communication may select avalanche photodiodes; a selectable photomultiplier requiring low noise, high sensitivity and optical gain; the performance requirement is not high, and the photodiode can be selected with the cost to be controlled.
In an embodiment of the invention, the amplifier is a fiber amplifier or a semiconductor laser amplifier.
It should be noted that: the optical fiber amplifier comprises a rare earth element doped optical fiber amplifier and a nonlinear optical fiber amplifier; the semiconductor laser amplifier includes a resonant optical amplifier, a traveling wave semiconductor optical amplifier, and the like.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the filter may select one of a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, a band-stop filter, and a band-pass filter according to requirements.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the display module may employ an LCD display device or an OLED display device.
The working principle of the marine traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication provided by the invention is as follows:
the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with the wireless optical transmitter of organism and the wireless optical receiver of organism, when using, can fly unmanned aerial vehicle on the sea, can regard unmanned aerial vehicle as a communication relay station, avoided the optical signal to be sheltered from in the air, unmanned aerial vehicle can receive the information of a boats and give a plurality of boats and ships as required, has solved the problem that communication between the boats is limited by the distance.
Compared with the traditional modulation mode, the system has higher modulation power utilization rate and better anti-interference capability, and can effectively solve the problems that wireless optical communication is easily influenced by factors such as ambient light noise and the like and atmospheric turbulence exists.
The circuits and control involved in the present invention are all of the prior art, and are not described in detail herein.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The marine traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication is characterized by comprising a wireless optical transmitter and a wireless optical receiver which are arranged on a ship, a marine traffic safety monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle and a machine body wireless optical transmitter and a machine body wireless optical receiver which are arranged on the marine traffic safety monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle, wherein the wireless optical transmitter is consistent with the machine body wireless optical transmitter in structure, and the wireless optical receiver is consistent with the machine body wireless optical receiver in structure:
the wireless optical transmitter consists of a PPM modulation module, a DAC module, a light source driving module and a light source module, and comprises a photoelectric detector, an amplifier, a filter ADC module and a PPM demodulation module, and is connected with a display module.
2. The marine traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication according to claim 1, wherein the PPM modulation module is connected with a DAC module, an output end of the DAC module is connected with a light source driving module, and the light source driving module is connected with a light source module;
the PPM modulation module carries out code modulation on ship running condition information acquired in real time to obtain a narrow pulse signal and transmits the narrow pulse signal to the DAC module;
the DAC module converts the modulated narrow pulse signal to obtain an analog signal; then the analog signal is transmitted to a light source driving module;
the light source module is driven by the light source driving module and can emit light beams carrying any information.
3. The marine traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication according to claim 2, wherein the output end of the photoelectric detector is connected with an amplifier, the output end of the amplifier is connected with a filter, the filter is connected with an ADC module, the ADC module is connected with a PPM demodulation module, and the output end of the PPM demodulation module is connected with a display module;
the photoelectric detector converts the received optical signal emitted by the wireless optical transmitter into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the amplifier;
the amplifier amplifies the electric signal and transmits the amplified electric signal to the filter;
the filter filters out signal noise from the amplified electric signal, carries out filtering rectification, and transmits the electric signal after filtering rectification to the ADC module;
the ADC module converts the received electroless signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the PPM demodulation module;
the PPM demodulation module demodulates the received digital signal to obtain original data information, and transmits the original data information to the display module;
the display module is used for displaying ship running state information in the original data information.
4. A maritime traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication according to claim 3, wherein the body wireless optical receiver receives optical signals transmitted by wireless optical transmitters on the installation vessel, which transmit the signals to wireless optical receivers on other vessels through optical channels.
5. The marine traffic safety system according to claim 2, wherein the emission light source of the light source module is an LED light source or an LD light source.
6. A maritime traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication according to claim 3, wherein the photodetector is selected from one of a photodiode, an avalanche photodiode, a photomultiplier tube or a CCD according to the use requirements.
7. A maritime traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication according to claim 3, wherein the amplifier is a fiber optic amplifier or a semiconductor laser amplifier.
8. A marine traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication according to claim 3, wherein the filter is one of a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, a band-stop filter and a band-pass filter selected according to the requirement.
9. A marine traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication according to claim 3, wherein the display module may employ an LCD display device or an OLED display device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310795946.0A CN116760470A (en) | 2023-07-01 | 2023-07-01 | Maritime traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310795946.0A CN116760470A (en) | 2023-07-01 | 2023-07-01 | Maritime traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116760470A true CN116760470A (en) | 2023-09-15 |
Family
ID=87949468
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310795946.0A Pending CN116760470A (en) | 2023-07-01 | 2023-07-01 | Maritime traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116760470A (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110274429A1 (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2011-11-10 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Method and apparatus for phase shift keyed optical communications |
| CN105721065A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-29 | 浙江大学 | Unmanned ship-based unmanned ship-underwater vehicle operating system |
| CN110995347A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 格利尔数码科技股份有限公司 | LED visible light communication system suitable for road traffic safety |
| CN111149141A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2020-05-12 | Nng软件开发和商业有限责任公司 | Method and apparatus for collecting and using sensor data from a vehicle |
| CN113132016A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-16 | 西安邮电大学 | Dual-wavelength underwater wireless optical communication method and system |
| US20210226703A1 (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-07-22 | Joshua MAY | Secure Line-of-Sight Communication with Aircraft |
| CN113438709A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-24 | 北京邮电大学 | Network access method, device and system for marine ship equipment |
-
2023
- 2023-07-01 CN CN202310795946.0A patent/CN116760470A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110274429A1 (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2011-11-10 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Method and apparatus for phase shift keyed optical communications |
| CN105721065A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-29 | 浙江大学 | Unmanned ship-based unmanned ship-underwater vehicle operating system |
| CN111149141A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2020-05-12 | Nng软件开发和商业有限责任公司 | Method and apparatus for collecting and using sensor data from a vehicle |
| US20200294401A1 (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2020-09-17 | Nng Software Developing And Commercial Llc. | A Method and Apparatus for Collecting and Using Sensor Data from a Vehicle |
| CN110995347A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 格利尔数码科技股份有限公司 | LED visible light communication system suitable for road traffic safety |
| US20210226703A1 (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-07-22 | Joshua MAY | Secure Line-of-Sight Communication with Aircraft |
| CN113132016A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-16 | 西安邮电大学 | Dual-wavelength underwater wireless optical communication method and system |
| CN113438709A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-24 | 北京邮电大学 | Network access method, device and system for marine ship equipment |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 唐玉春等: "舰载动中通无线光通信系统的设计与试验", 光通信技术, no. 04, 15 April 2016 (2016-04-15), pages 48 - 51 * |
| 王旭东等: "船舱可见光无线通信技术的应用", 中国航海, no. 04, 25 December 2014 (2014-12-25), pages 1 - 5 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107332613B (en) | A kind of intelligent electric motor car V2V communication system based on LED visible light communication | |
| CN208506594U (en) | Unmanned platform cluster cooperative control system | |
| CN103680211A (en) | Xijiang waterway shipping monitoring system based on Beidou satellite | |
| CN102098112A (en) | Method and system for underwater short-distance data communication through light-emitting diode (LED) light source | |
| CN214069930U (en) | Unmanned ship mooring unmanned aerial vehicle communication system | |
| CN110995347B (en) | LED visible light communication system suitable for road traffic safety | |
| CN111431595A (en) | Communication system and method between vehicle and infrastructure based on rear polarization | |
| Xu | Application research of tethered UAV platform in marine emergency communication network | |
| CN114710206B (en) | Shore-sea emergency communication method and system based on LED light source | |
| CN116760470A (en) | Maritime traffic safety system based on wireless optical communication | |
| CN106211294B (en) | AIS maritime search and rescue position indication mark and position indication method thereof | |
| CN105070041A (en) | Information interaction method based on intelligent traffic interaction system | |
| CN108400821A (en) | Intelligent transportation system based on PPM modulation and intelligent transportation system | |
| CN112636829A (en) | Wireless communication data transmission device for coal mining working face of coal mine | |
| CA2677585C (en) | Optical communication device, system and method | |
| CN102495421A (en) | Fishing net positioning monitoring system and monitoring method thereof | |
| CN215498962U (en) | Beidou short message and ADS-B integrated transceiver | |
| CN109327254A (en) | ADS-B transceiver machine and method based on software radio | |
| CN204489172U (en) | A kind of kite balloon airship lift control system for radio monitoring | |
| EP3851931B1 (en) | Drone network and method of operating | |
| CN204614192U (en) | A kind of unmanned observation dirigible multi-channel and wireless remote-control device | |
| CN218585483U (en) | Traffic laser signal lamp capable of communicating | |
| KR101258956B1 (en) | Radar communication system with visible light communication capability and a method of determining dangerous vessels using thereof | |
| CN216900903U (en) | Radio monitoring direction-finding system | |
| JP2014016809A (en) | Inter-vehicle optical communication device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |