CN116636940A - Orthodontic appliance design method, manufacturing method and orthodontic appliance - Google Patents
Orthodontic appliance design method, manufacturing method and orthodontic appliance Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 210000004513 dentition Anatomy 0.000 claims description 44
- 210000002810 unerupted tooth Anatomy 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001847 jaw Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 65
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/08—Mouthpiece-type retainers or positioners, e.g. for both the lower and upper arch
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C11/00—Dental articulators, i.e. for simulating movement of the temporo-mandibular joints; Articulation forms or mouldings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C19/00—Dental auxiliary appliances
- A61C19/04—Measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry
- A61C19/05—Measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry for determining occlusion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/002—Orthodontic computer assisted systems
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of orthodontic treatment, and discloses an orthodontic treatment device, a method for manufacturing the same and an orthodontic treatment device, wherein the digital model of the orthodontic treatment device is personalized according to an initial digital model of the dental jaw of a user, so that the obtained digital model of the orthodontic treatment device is more adaptive to the growth condition of the dental jaw of the user, and the orthodontic treatment device is more beneficial to improving the orthodontic treatment effect and wearing comfort; in addition, a target dental digital model comprising an optimized dental model after unexplored teeth are generated according to the unexplored teeth's eruption information, when the target dental digital model is used for generating an orthodontic appliance digital model, an eruption induction space aiming at the unexplored teeth can be formed in the orthodontic appliance digital model, and the orthodontic appliance manufactured according to the orthodontic appliance digital model can provide an effective eruption induction space and eruption induction force for the unexplored teeth, so that a user can obtain a normal dental arch shape.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of orthodontic treatment, in particular to an orthodontic appliance design method, a manufacturing method and an orthodontic appliance.
Background
In the course of growth and development of children, sometimes, malformations (abbreviated as malocclusion, also called abnormal tooth surface) such as uneven tooth arrangement, inconsistent tooth and bone relation and the like are caused by congenital genetic factors, poor acquired life habits and the like, so that the children not only affect the beauty, but also cause diseases such as dental caries, periodontal disease, temporomandibular joint disease and the like. Therefore, it is necessary to orthodontic the teeth of the malocclusion to achieve the proper arch configuration for the child.
The basic principle of tooth orthodontics is to apply proper orthodontic force to teeth, so that the orthodontic force is transmitted to the teeth, the alveolar bone, periodontal tissues, the jawbone and temporomandibular joints, thereby causing tissue reconstruction and finally achieving the aim of tooth movement. The medical appliances used for the children's malocclusion are various, wherein, the removable appliance and the bracket appliance are more commonly used medical appliances. The movable appliance is generally manufactured by hands according to the symptoms of patients by doctors, so that the manufacturing process is complicated, and the used materials are hard, the comfort is poor, and the compliance of children is poor. The bracket appliance has high requirements on doctors due to the need of manual bonding and manual control on the correction force applied by the archwire, and has poor aesthetic property and difficult cleaning, and can easily generate resistant psychology for children in the tooth replacement period. With the development of digital orthodontic technology, adult invisible orthodontic technology is gradually expanded to be applied to early childhood correction. The invisible correction simplifies the manufacturing flow of the correction device by means of the CAD/CAE design process. However, for children in the deciduous and tooth replacement period, the tooth eruption height is insufficient due to active tooth state, and accessory materials required by invisible correction cannot be adhered; frequent replacement of teeth by children can lead to the risk of repeated restarting of the appliance. Meanwhile, most young children cannot be skillfully taken off and worn with the invisible appliance, and the popularization of the invisible appliance technology in early correction of the children is further difficult. Thus, the art of early childhood has been lacking innovative child appliance products.
The oral muscle function therapy (Oral Myofunctional Therapy) is a mature clinical therapy for treating oral muscle dysfunction, correcting the malocclusion of children in the deciduous stage and the tooth replacement stage. Based on the treatment concept of OMT, the design of the appliance needs to reasonably balance the muscular strength of each part in the mouth, so that the oral biology is balanced to block the bad factors generating malocclusion, thereby achieving the aim of occlusion induction (occlusive guidance) treatment, namely guiding the teeth to grow and develop along the normal physiological position of occlusion.
The occlusion induction appliance is an oral muscle function trainer designed based on OMT therapy. The treatment principle of the innovative medical device is that the occlusion relationship is readjusted to achieve the normal maxillofacial development by stimulating the temporal-mandibular joint development of the children patients, and the positions of dentition and the arch state of teeth are adjusted by using gentle force in multiple directions.
However, most of the occlusion induction appliances are produced in a standardized batch mode at present, doctors can only select the occlusion induction appliance with certain specification according to the specific situation of users, the situation that the matched model cannot be found easily and wearing comfort is poor, in fact, a plurality of non-erupted teeth often exist in children, the non-erupted teeth may erupt in the correcting process and abnormal eruption directions may occur when erupting, and for the situation, the standardized occlusion induction appliance is difficult to provide effective eruption induction space and eruption induction force for the non-erupted teeth, so that the correcting process needs repeated restarting risks.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a design method and a manufacturing method of an orthodontic appliance and the orthodontic appliance, which can realize personalized occlusion induction correction aiming at specific situations of a user, provide effective eruption induction space and eruption induction force for unerupted teeth and enable the user to obtain normal dental arch shape.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method of orthodontic appliance design for designing a digital model of an orthodontic appliance for a user having at least one unerupted tooth, comprising the steps of:
A1. acquiring an initial dental digital model of the user;
A2. determining a transitional dental digital model for optimizing the occlusion relationship according to the initial dental digital model;
A3. acquiring eruption information of the unerupted teeth of the user;
A4. adjusting the transition dental digital model according to the sprouting information to obtain a target dental digital model; the target dental digital model comprises an optimized dental model after eruption of the unerupted teeth;
A5. and generating an orthodontic appliance digital model according to the target dental jaw digital model.
The personalized design of the digital model of the orthodontic appliance is carried out according to the initial digital model of the dental jaw of the user, so that the obtained digital model of the orthodontic appliance is more adaptive to the growth condition of the dental jaw of the user, thereby being more beneficial to improving the orthodontic effect and wearing comfort; in addition, a target dental digital model comprising an optimized dental model after unexplored teeth are generated according to the unexplored teeth's eruption information, when the target dental digital model is used for generating an orthodontic appliance digital model, an eruption induction space aiming at the unexplored teeth can be formed in the orthodontic appliance digital model, and the orthodontic appliance manufactured according to the orthodontic appliance digital model can provide an effective eruption induction space and eruption induction force for the unexplored teeth, so that a user can obtain a normal dental arch shape.
Preferably, step A2 comprises:
A201. adjusting the position of the dentition of the initial dental digital model;
A202. and adjusting the occlusion relation of the initial dental digital model after the dentition position adjustment to obtain the transition dental digital model.
Optionally, step a201 includes:
and adjusting the position of each tooth according to the standard distance between each tooth and the central axis of the dental jaw.
Thereby facilitating the user to achieve a standard arch configuration.
Preferably, the step of adjusting the position of each tooth according to the standard distance between each tooth and the central axis of the dental jaw comprises:
B1. determining the final expected position of each tooth according to the standard distance between each pair of left and right corresponding teeth in the upper jaw dentition and the lower jaw dentition and the central axis of the dental jaw;
B2. acquiring the initial position of each tooth according to the initial dental digital model;
B3. acquiring a stage target position of each tooth in the current treatment stage according to the initial position and the final expected position;
B4. the position of each tooth in the initial dental digital model is adjusted to the corresponding stage target position.
Optionally, step a201 includes:
the positions of the teeth on the other side of the central axis of the dental jaw are adjusted by referring to the positions of the teeth on one side of the central axis of the dental jaw.
Only the position of the teeth on one side is required to be adjusted, so that a user can obtain a perfect dental arch, the adjustment workload can be reduced, and the design efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the step of adjusting the position of the tooth on the other side of the central axis of the dental jaw with reference to the position of the tooth on one side of the central axis of the dental jaw includes:
C1. in the maxillary dentition and the mandibular dentition, taking a tooth on one side of the central axis of the dental jaw as a first tooth, and fitting a first reference curve according to the central point position of the first tooth;
C2. the first reference curves of the upper jaw dentition and the lower jaw dentition are respectively symmetrical curves relative to the central axis of the dental jaw, so as to obtain corresponding second reference curves;
C3. determining a final desired position of each second tooth, which is located on the corresponding second reference curve at a center point of each second tooth and is symmetrical to the corresponding first tooth with respect to the central axis of the dental jaw, by taking the tooth on the other side of the central axis of the dental jaw as the second tooth;
C4. acquiring the initial position of each second tooth according to the initial dental digital model;
C5. acquiring a stage target position of each second tooth of a current treatment stage according to the initial position and the final expected position;
C6. and adjusting the position of each second tooth in the initial dental digital model to the corresponding stage target position.
Preferably, the sprouting information comprises a sprouting position and a sprouting shape size;
step A4 includes:
A401. generating a tooth model of the corresponding unerupted tooth in the transitional dental digital model according to the eruption position and the eruption shape size;
A402. determining a final target position of the unerupted tooth;
A403. determining a stage target position of the current treatment stage of the unerupted tooth according to the eruption position and the final target position;
A404. and adjusting the position of the tooth model of the unerupted tooth in the transition dental digital model according to the stage target position of the unerupted tooth to obtain the target dental digital model.
By predicting the eruption position and the shape size of unerupted teeth, a corresponding tooth model is generated in the transitional tooth jaw digital model, then the position of the tooth model is adjusted, the formed target tooth jaw digital model actually comprises the tooth model of unerupted teeth with the improved growth position, an eruption induction space matched with the tooth model of unerupted teeth with the improved growth position is formed in the subsequently generated orthodontic appliance digital model, and a certain deviation exists between the eruption induction space and the actual eruption position of unerupted teeth, so that the eruption induction force on the unerupted teeth can be formed, and the position of the unerupted teeth is improved.
Preferably, step A5 comprises:
A501. generating a jaw pad model according to the target dental digital model;
A502. generating an orthodontic appliance main body model according to the target dental digital model;
A503. and combining the jaw pad model and the orthodontic appliance main body model to form the orthodontic appliance digital model.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method of manufacturing an orthodontic appliance comprising the steps of:
B1. generating an orthodontic appliance digital model based on the orthodontic appliance design method;
B2. and printing according to the orthodontic appliance digital model by adopting a 3D printing process to obtain the orthodontic appliance.
Preferably, step B2 comprises:
and printing by using a medical silica gel material to obtain the orthodontic appliance.
The medical silica gel material has better softness and elasticity and good wearing comfort.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an orthodontic appliance comprising a labial outer wall, a lingual outer wall, upper and lower sockets disposed between the labial outer wall and the lingual outer wall, and a jaw pad disposed between the upper and lower sockets; the orthodontic appliance is manufactured by the manufacturing method of the orthodontic appliance.
Advantageous effects
According to the orthodontic appliance design method, the orthodontic appliance design method and the orthodontic appliance, the personalized design of the orthodontic appliance digital model is carried out according to the initial dental jaw digital model of the user, so that the obtained orthodontic appliance digital model is more adaptive to the dental jaw growth condition of the user, and the orthodontic effect and wearing comfort are improved; in addition, a target dental digital model comprising an optimized dental model after unexplored teeth are generated according to the unexplored teeth's eruption information, when the target dental digital model is used for generating an orthodontic appliance digital model, an eruption induction space aiming at the unexplored teeth can be formed in the orthodontic appliance digital model, and the orthodontic appliance manufactured according to the orthodontic appliance digital model can provide an effective eruption induction space and eruption induction force for the unexplored teeth, so that a user can obtain a normal dental arch shape.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for designing an orthodontic appliance according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an orthodontic appliance according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an orthodontic appliance according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary digital dental model.
Fig. 5 is a dental bitmap of an exemplary dental jaw.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a digital model of an exemplary orthodontic appliance.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an exemplary orthodontic appliance body model.
Fig. 8 is a final target dental digital model based on the dental digital model shown in fig. 4.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of an exemplary orthodontic appliance body base block.
Fig. 10 is an X-ray film of a patient corresponding to the dental digital model shown in fig. 4.
Description of the reference numerals: 100. a digital model of the upper jaw; 200. a digital model of the mandible; 300. a labial outer wall; 400. the lingual outer wall; 500. a tooth slot is arranged; 600. jaw pad.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only to distinguish the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for designing an orthodontic appliance for a user having at least one unerupted tooth according to some embodiments of the present application includes the steps of:
A1. acquiring an initial dental digital model of a user;
A2. determining a transitional dental digital model for optimizing the occlusion relationship according to the initial dental digital model;
A3. acquiring eruption information of unerupted teeth of a user;
A4. adjusting the transitional dental digital model according to the sprouting information to obtain a target dental digital model; the target dental digital model comprises an optimized dental model after the unerupted teeth are erupted;
A5. and generating an orthodontic appliance digital model according to the target dental jaw digital model.
The personalized design of the digital model of the orthodontic appliance is carried out according to the initial digital model of the dental jaw of the user, so that the obtained digital model of the orthodontic appliance is more adaptive to the growth condition of the dental jaw of the user, thereby being more beneficial to improving the orthodontic effect and wearing comfort; in addition, a target dental digital model comprising an optimized dental model after unexplored teeth are generated according to the unexplored teeth's eruption information, when the target dental digital model is used for generating an orthodontic appliance digital model, an eruption induction space aiming at the unexplored teeth can be formed in the orthodontic appliance digital model, and the orthodontic appliance manufactured according to the orthodontic appliance digital model can provide an effective eruption induction space and eruption induction force for the unexplored teeth, so that a user can obtain a normal dental arch shape.
In fact, the whole orthodontic procedure generally includes a plurality of treatment phases, where the initial dental digital model refers to the dental digital model at the beginning of the current treatment phase, and if the current treatment phase is the first treatment phase in the whole orthodontic procedure, the initial dental digital model actually refers to the dental digital model of the user before receiving the treatment. The transitional dental digital model refers to a dental digital model after the occlusion relationship is optimized, and the target dental digital model refers to a dental digital model expected to be reached at the end of the current treatment phase.
Wherein, referring to fig. 4, the dental digital model generally includes a maxillary digital model 100 and a mandibular digital model 200, the maxillary digital model 100 including an upper dentition model (the upper dentition model being composed of a plurality of upper dentition models), a maxillary model and an upper gingival model, the mandibular digital model 200 including a lower dentition model (the lower dentition model being composed of a plurality of lower dentition models), a mandibular model and a lower gingival model; wherein the placement between the digital maxillary model 100 and the digital mandibular model 200 is based on a bite relationship (which actually refers to the relative position between the digital maxillary model 100 and the digital mandibular model 200); thus, the dental digital model is actually composed of occlusion relationship information.
Wherein, the prior art can be adopted to obtain the initial dental digital model of the user; for example, three-dimensional data of peripheral tissues such as teeth, jawbone and gingiva are obtained through an optical scanning technology, an X-ray or ultrasonic imaging technology, a CT scanning or nuclear magnetic resonance technology, a digital model of the parts is further established through manual segmentation, computer automatic segmentation or semi-automatic segmentation combined with the two modes, so that an initial upper jaw digital model and an initial lower jaw digital model are obtained, a skull side bitmap is obtained through an X-ray or ultrasonic imaging technology, a CT scanning or nuclear magnetic resonance technology, meshing parameters such as an FH plane and a condylar conduction gradient are obtained according to the skull side bitmap, and finally the initial upper jaw digital model and the initial lower jaw digital model are positioned based on the meshing parameters, so that an initial dental digital model is obtained.
In some preferred embodiments, step A2 comprises:
A201. adjusting the position of the dentition of the initial dental digital model;
A202. and adjusting the occlusion relation of the initial dental digital model after the dentition position adjustment to obtain the transition dental digital model.
In some embodiments, step a201 comprises: and adjusting the position of each tooth according to the standard distance between each tooth and the central axis of the dental jaw.
In this way, the position of the teeth is adjusted, which is advantageous for the user to obtain a standard arch shape.
In practice, children of different ages, sexes, heights and weights have a standard distance between the left and right teeth, and the standard distance can be obtained by looking up a table according to basic information such as age, sex, height and weight of the user. In the ideal dentition state, the positions of the two teeth corresponding to the left and the right are symmetrical about the central axis of the dental jaw, so that the standard distance between the two teeth in the pair of teeth corresponding to the left and the right and the central axis of the dental jaw is half of the standard distance between the two teeth and the central axis of the dental jaw. For example, the standard spacing between teeth 13 and 23 is 27mm, and then the standard distance between teeth 13 and the central axis of the jaw, and the standard distance between teeth 23 and the central axis of the jaw are 13.5mm.
Specifically, the step of adjusting the position of each tooth according to the standard distance of each tooth from the central axis of the dental jaw comprises:
B1. determining the final expected position of each tooth according to the standard distance between each pair of left and right corresponding teeth in the upper jaw dentition and the lower jaw dentition and the central axis of the dental jaw;
B2. acquiring the initial position of each tooth according to the initial dental digital model;
B3. acquiring a stage target position of each tooth in the current treatment stage according to the initial position and the final expected position;
B4. and adjusting the position of each tooth in the initial dental digital model to the corresponding stage target position.
The teeth corresponding to the left and right comprise two teeth which are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the jaw in an ideal dentition state, and refer to a dental chart shown in fig. 5, wherein teeth 11 and 21 are a pair of teeth corresponding to the left and right, teeth 12 and 22, teeth 13 and 23, teeth 14 and 24, teeth 15 and 25, teeth 16 and 26, teeth 17 and 27, teeth 18 and 28, teeth 41 and 31, teeth 42 and 32, teeth 43 and 33, teeth 44 and 34, teeth 45 and 35, teeth 46 and 36, teeth 47 and 37, and teeth 48 and 38 respectively form a pair of teeth corresponding to the left and right.
The final desired position of the tooth refers to the position of the tooth that is desired to be reached at the end of the orthodontic procedure. Stage target position refers to the position of the tooth that is desired to be reached at the end of the current treatment stage. If the current treatment session is the last treatment session, the session target position is equal to the final desired position.
Thus, step B1 comprises: basic information (including at least one of age, sex, height and weight) of a user is acquired, standard distances between each tooth and the central axis of the dental jaw are acquired according to the basic information, and final expected positions of each tooth, which enable the distances between each tooth and the central axis of the dental jaw to be equal to the corresponding standard distances, are determined.
In step B3, a position deviation between the final desired position and the initial position of each tooth is calculated, and the position deviation is compared with an allowable movement amount of the current treatment stage, so as to obtain a stage target position of the current treatment stage.
The maximum movement rate of each tooth (i.e., the maximum movement distance per unit time, the maximum movement rate of each tooth varies with the age of development), a lookup table may be obtained and formed in advance by statistics of big data, the period of the current treatment stage is calculated by multiplying the period of the current treatment stage by the maximum movement rate of each tooth (i.e., the maximum movement distance per unit time, the maximum movement rate is obtained by querying the age of the user), the maximum movement amount of each tooth in the current treatment stage may be calculated by using the maximum movement amount as the allowable movement amount of the current treatment stage or using a multiple of the maximum movement amount as the allowable movement amount of the current treatment stage (a is an adjustment coefficient greater than 0 and less than 1, and may be set according to actual needs, for example, but not limited thereto, a multiple of the maximum movement amount a is used as the allowable movement amount of the current treatment stage, and if the position deviation between the final desired position and the initial position is not greater than the allowable movement amount of the corresponding tooth in the current treatment stage, the position deviation is regarded as the correction amount of the corresponding tooth in the current treatment stage, otherwise the corresponding allowable movement amount of each tooth in the final treatment stage is regarded as the final position of the corresponding tooth in the final desired position.
In other embodiments, step a201 comprises: and adjusting the position of each tooth according to the standard distance between each tooth and the central axis of the dental jaw.
Only the position of the teeth on one side is required to be adjusted, so that a user can obtain a perfect dental arch, the adjustment workload can be reduced, and the design efficiency is improved.
Specifically, the step of adjusting the position of each tooth according to the standard distance of each tooth from the central axis of the dental jaw comprises:
C1. in the maxillary dentition and the mandibular dentition, taking a tooth on one side of the central axis of the dental jaw as a first tooth, and fitting a first reference curve according to the central point position of the first tooth;
C2. the first reference curves of the upper jaw dentition and the lower jaw dentition are respectively symmetrical curves relative to the central axis of the dental jaw (namely, symmetrical curves are made by taking the central axis of the dental jaw as a symmetrical central line), so as to obtain corresponding second reference curves;
C3. the teeth on the other side of the central axis of the dental jaw are used as second teeth, and the final expected positions of the second teeth which enable the center point of each second tooth to be positioned on the corresponding second reference curve and enable each second tooth and the corresponding first teeth (namely the first teeth of a pair of left and right corresponding teeth formed by the second teeth) to be symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the dental jaw are determined;
C4. acquiring the initial position of each second tooth according to the initial dental digital model;
C5. acquiring a stage target position of each second tooth of the current treatment stage according to the initial position and the final expected position (the specific process can refer to the previous step B3);
C6. the position of each second tooth in the initial dental digital model is adjusted to the corresponding stage target position.
Wherein the fitted first reference curve may be a hyperbola or a parabola, and correspondingly the second reference curve is a hyperbola or a parabola. Specific fitting methods for fitting hyperbolas or parabolas based on multiple points are prior art and will not be described in detail herein.
Wherein, in each treatment stage of the whole orthodontic process, the teeth on the left and right sides of the central axis of the dental jaw can be alternatively used as the first teeth and the second teeth, for example, in the first treatment stage, the teeth on the left side are used as the first teeth and the teeth on the right side are used as the second teeth; in the second treatment stage, the left tooth is taken as a second tooth, and the right tooth is taken as a first tooth; in the third treatment stage, the left tooth is used as a first tooth, and the right tooth is used as a second tooth; and so on.
Alternatively, in each treatment stage, the degree of dentition quality on the left and right sides of the central axis of the dental jaw is evaluated, and the tooth of the dentition on the side with the higher degree of quality is used as the first tooth. For example, a reference curve may be fitted according to the center points of the left and right teeth (the specific fitting method is the same as that of the first reference curve), then the positions of the projection points of the teeth on the corresponding reference curve are calculated, the distances between the teeth and the corresponding projection points are calculated and recorded as the projection distances, and finally the variance of the projection distances of the left teeth and the variance of the projection distances of the right teeth are calculated, and the tooth with the smaller variance is used as the first tooth. Or after calculating the positions of the projection points of the teeth on the corresponding comparison curves, forming a first position array by using the positions of the central points of the left teeth, forming a first comparison array by using the positions of the projection points of the left teeth, forming a second position array by using the positions of the central points of the right teeth, forming a second comparison array by using the positions of the projection points of the right teeth, calculating the similarity of the first position array and the first comparison array to be the first similarity, calculating the similarity of the second position array and the second comparison array to be the second similarity, and taking the left teeth as the first teeth and the right teeth as the second teeth if the first similarity is larger than the second similarity, otherwise, taking the left teeth as the second teeth and the right teeth as the first teeth.
The adjustment of the position of the dentition is not limited to the above two methods, but may be performed manually and empirically or by other methods.
The occlusion relationship is a relative positional relationship between the upper and lower teeth, and generally the upper and lower teeth are in a canine-staggered relationship.
In step a202, the occlusion relationship of the initial dental digital model may be adjusted to an ansi occlusion relationship, thereby obtaining a transitional dental digital model. Namely, by adjusting the positions of the upper jaw model and the lower jaw model, the lingual cusp and the frontal cusp of the upper jaw teeth in the rear tooth area are bitten into the central fossa of the lower jaw teeth, and the clamping sides of the lower jaw teeth are bitten into the central fossa of the upper jaw teeth to form a close contact occlusion relationship, so that the normal chewing function can be exerted, the health of joints and openings is ensured, and the method has important significance. However, the manner of adjusting the dental relationship is not limited thereto, and may be manually adjusted empirically or adjusted in other manners, for example.
In this embodiment, the sprouting information includes a sprouting position and a sprouting shape size. The eruption position refers to the position where the teeth are erupted without intervention. The eruption shape and size refers to the shape and size of the unerupted tooth after eruption. In step A3, the eruption position of the unerupted teeth may be determined by CT scan or X-ray film (for example, fig. 10 is an X-ray film of a patient corresponding to the digital dental model shown in fig. 4, and a person skilled in the art may determine the eruption position of the unerupted teeth according to the X-ray film), and the shape and size of the unerupted teeth after eruption may be predicted according to the shape and size of the erupted teeth (the specific prediction method is the prior art, and will not be described in detail herein).
In the present application, the final target position of the unerupted tooth refers to the position that the unerupted tooth is expected to reach at the end of the entire orthodontic procedure after eruption, and the final target position of the unerupted tooth can be determined by a manual or automatic program according to the final expected position of the erupted tooth. The stage target position of the unerupted tooth at the current treatment stage refers to the position that the unerupted tooth is expected to reach after eruption at the end of the current treatment stage.
In step A4, the optimized tooth model after the unexplored tooth is erupted means that the position of the tooth model is optimized.
Specifically, step A4 includes:
A401. generating a corresponding tooth model of unexplored teeth in the transitional dental digital model according to the sprouting position and the sprouting shape and size;
A402. determining a final target position of unerupted teeth;
A403. determining a stage target position of the current treatment stage of the unexplored tooth according to the eruption position and the final target position;
A404. and adjusting the position of the tooth model of the unexplored tooth in the transitional tooth jaw digital model according to the stage target position of the unexplored tooth to obtain the target tooth jaw digital model.
By predicting the eruption position and the shape size of unerupted teeth, a corresponding tooth model is generated in the transitional tooth jaw digital model, then the position of the tooth model is adjusted, the formed target tooth jaw digital model actually comprises the tooth model of unerupted teeth with the improved growth position, an eruption induction space matched with the tooth model of unerupted teeth with the improved growth position is formed in the subsequently generated orthodontic appliance digital model, and a certain deviation exists between the eruption induction space and the actual eruption position of unerupted teeth, so that the eruption induction force on the unerupted teeth can be formed, and the teeth are forced to grow according to the preset position after eruption.
In step a401, a tooth model after eruption of unerupted teeth without correction is generated in the transitional dental digital model according to the predicted eruption position and eruption shape size. The shape and size of the tooth model are the same as the predicted eruption shape and size, and the position of the tooth model is the same as the predicted eruption position.
In step a402, the final target position of the unerupted tooth may be determined according to a standard distance from the central axis of the jaw after the unerupted tooth is erupted (where the distance between the unerupted tooth and the central axis of the jaw is equal to the corresponding standard distance), or according to a first reference curve or a corresponding second reference curve corresponding to the unerupted tooth (where the center point of the unerupted tooth falls on the corresponding first reference curve or the corresponding second reference curve).
The specific process of determining the stage target position of the current treatment stage of the unexplored tooth according to the eruption position and the final target position in step a403 may include:
calculating the position deviation between the final target position of the unerupted tooth and the eruption position, and comparing the position deviation with the allowable movement amount of the current treatment stage to obtain the stage target position of the current treatment stage of the unerupted tooth (refer to the step B3 in the prior art, and details are not repeated here).
In step a404, the position of the tooth model of the unexplored tooth in the transitional tooth jaw digital model is adjusted to be the stage target position of the current treatment stage of the unexplored tooth, and the target tooth jaw digital model is obtained. For example, fig. 8 is a final target dental digital model based on the dental digital model shown in fig. 4 (i.e., the dental digital model of fig. 4 is the initial dental digital model), wherein the darkened teeth are the non-erupted teeth and the non-erupted teeth in fig. 4 are the teeth models in the target dental digital model.
Specifically, step A5 includes:
A501. generating a jaw pad model according to the target dental digital model;
A502. generating an orthodontic appliance main body model according to the target dental digital model;
A503. the jaw pad model and the orthodontic appliance body model are combined to form an orthodontic appliance digital model.
The jaw pad is an elastic thin pad with a certain thickness on the whole, and in the orthodontic appliance digital model, the jaw pad is positioned between the upper tooth socket and the lower tooth socket.
Wherein, step a501 includes: determining design parameters of the jaw pad in each dentition area according to the target dental digital model; generating a jaw pad model according to the design parameters of each dentition area.
The dentition area generally comprises two posterior tooth areas (corresponding to the positions of the molars at two sides respectively) and an anterior tooth area positioned between the two posterior tooth areas, and the design parameters of each dentition area mainly comprise thickness.
In practice, the anterior tooth area may be further subdivided into an incisor area (corresponding to the positions of the incisors) and two cuspid areas (corresponding to the positions of the cuspids on both sides), so that design parameters of the incisor area and the cuspid area may be individually designed. Wherein the design parameters of each dentition region may further include at least one of an angle of inclination of the upper surface of the bite block in the sagittal direction, an angle of inclination of the upper surface of the bite block in the mesial-distal direction, an angle of inclination of the lower surface of the bite block in the sagittal direction, and an angle of inclination of the lower surface of the bite block in the mesial-distal direction.
The techniques for determining the design parameters of the individual dentition areas from the target digital dentition model and generating the jaw pad model from the design parameters of the individual dentition areas are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
As shown in fig. 7, the orthodontic appliance body model mainly includes labial outer walls, lingual outer walls, and tooth slots provided between the labial outer walls and the lingual outer walls. The orthodontic appliance body model can be generated by adopting the existing generation method, or the orthodontic appliance body model can be generated by adopting the following modes:
selecting a plurality of edge characteristic points (which can be selected manually) at the maxillary labial cheek side gingiva, the maxillary lingual side gingiva, the mandibular labial cheek side gingiva and the mandibular labial cheek side gingiva of the target dental digital model, sequentially connecting the edge characteristic points of the maxillary labial cheek side gingiva and the maxillary lingual side gingiva, performing smooth fitting to obtain an upper edge line, sequentially connecting the edge characteristic points of the mandibular labial cheek side gingiva and the mandibular lingual side gingiva, and performing smooth fitting to obtain a lower edge line (for example, in fig. 8, a curve a is the upper edge line, and a curve b is the lower edge line);
the upper edge line and the lower edge line are biased outwards to obtain an upper edge line and a lower edge line, and an orthodontic appliance body base block is generated based on the upper edge line and the lower edge line (for example, fig. 9 is an exemplary orthodontic appliance body base block, the specific generation technology is known to those skilled in the art, and the detail of the upper edge line and the lower edge line is not described herein, for example, the upper edge line and the lower edge line can be manually set;
and performing Boolean subtraction operation on the main body basic block of the orthodontic appliance by using the target dental digital model to form an tooth socket, thereby obtaining a main body model of the orthodontic appliance (shown in figure 7).
In step a503, a boolean operation is performed on the jaw pad model and the orthodontic appliance body model, and rounded or chamfered operations are performed on each edge, so as to obtain an orthodontic appliance digital model (as shown in fig. 6).
Referring to fig. 2, the present application provides a method of manufacturing an orthodontic appliance, comprising the steps of:
B1. generating an orthodontic appliance digital model based on the orthodontic appliance design method;
B2. and printing according to the digital model of the orthodontic appliance by adopting a 3D printing process to obtain the orthodontic appliance.
Compared with the traditional mode of preparing the solid die according to the digital model of the orthodontic appliance and then preparing the orthodontic appliance according to the solid die, the production cost is lower, and the method is more suitable for customized production.
Preferably, step B2 comprises:
and printing by using a medical silica gel material to obtain the orthodontic appliance.
The medical silica gel material has better softness and elasticity and good wearing comfort. Preferably, the hardness of the medical silica gel material is in the range of 10A-70A.
Referring to fig. 3, the present application provides an orthodontic appliance including a labial outer wall 300, a lingual outer wall 400, upper and lower sockets 500 and 400 disposed between the labial outer wall 300 and the lingual outer wall 400, and a jaw pad 600 disposed between the upper and lower sockets 500 and 400; the orthodontic appliance is manufactured by the manufacturing method of the orthodontic appliance.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An orthodontic appliance design method for designing an orthodontic appliance digital model for a user having at least one unerupted tooth, comprising the steps of:
A1. acquiring an initial dental digital model of the user;
A2. determining a transitional dental digital model for optimizing the occlusion relationship according to the initial dental digital model;
A3. acquiring eruption information of the unerupted teeth of the user;
A4. adjusting the transition dental digital model according to the sprouting information to obtain a target dental digital model; the target dental digital model comprises an optimized dental model after eruption of the unerupted teeth;
A5. and generating an orthodontic appliance digital model according to the target dental jaw digital model.
2. The orthodontic appliance design method of claim 1 wherein step A2 comprises:
A201. adjusting the position of the dentition of the initial dental digital model;
A202. and adjusting the occlusion relation of the initial dental digital model after the dentition position adjustment to obtain the transition dental digital model.
3. The orthodontic appliance design method of claim 2 wherein step a201 includes:
and adjusting the position of each tooth according to the standard distance between each tooth and the central axis of the dental jaw.
4. The method of orthodontic appliance design of claim 3 wherein the step of adjusting the position of each tooth based on a standard distance of each tooth from the central axis of the jaw comprises:
B1. determining the final expected position of each tooth according to the standard distance between each pair of left and right corresponding teeth in the upper jaw dentition and the lower jaw dentition and the central axis of the dental jaw;
B2. acquiring the initial position of each tooth according to the initial dental digital model;
B3. acquiring a stage target position of each tooth in the current treatment stage according to the initial position and the final expected position;
B4. the position of each tooth in the initial dental digital model is adjusted to the corresponding stage target position.
5. The orthodontic appliance design method of claim 2 wherein step a201 includes:
the positions of the teeth on the other side of the central axis of the dental jaw are adjusted by referring to the positions of the teeth on one side of the central axis of the dental jaw.
6. The method of orthodontic appliance design of claim 5 wherein the step of adjusting the position of the teeth on the other side of the central axis of the jaw with reference to the position of the teeth on one side of the central axis of the jaw comprises:
C1. in the maxillary dentition and the mandibular dentition, taking a tooth on one side of the central axis of the dental jaw as a first tooth, and fitting a first reference curve according to the central point position of the first tooth;
C2. the first reference curves of the upper jaw dentition and the lower jaw dentition are respectively symmetrical curves relative to the central axis of the dental jaw, so as to obtain corresponding second reference curves;
C3. determining a final desired position of each second tooth, which is located on the corresponding second reference curve at a center point of each second tooth and is symmetrical to the corresponding first tooth with respect to the central axis of the dental jaw, by taking the tooth on the other side of the central axis of the dental jaw as the second tooth;
C4. acquiring the initial position of each second tooth according to the initial dental digital model;
C5. acquiring a stage target position of each second tooth of a current treatment stage according to the initial position and the final expected position;
C6. and adjusting the position of each second tooth in the initial dental digital model to the corresponding stage target position.
7. The orthodontic appliance design method of claim 1 wherein the eruption information includes an eruption location and an eruption shape size;
step A4 includes:
A401. generating a tooth model of the corresponding unerupted tooth in the transitional dental digital model according to the eruption position and the eruption shape size;
A402. determining a final target position of the unerupted tooth;
A403. determining a stage target position of the current treatment stage of the unerupted tooth according to the eruption position and the final target position;
A404. and adjusting the position of the tooth model of the unerupted tooth in the transition dental digital model according to the stage target position of the unerupted tooth to obtain the target dental digital model.
8. A method of manufacturing an orthodontic appliance comprising the steps of:
B1. generating an orthodontic appliance digital model based on the orthodontic appliance design method of any one of claims 1-7;
B2. and printing according to the orthodontic appliance digital model by adopting a 3D printing process to obtain the orthodontic appliance.
9. The method of manufacturing an orthodontic appliance of claim 8 wherein step B2 comprises:
and printing by using a medical silica gel material to obtain the orthodontic appliance.
10. An orthodontic appliance comprising a labial outer wall, a lingual outer wall, an upper socket and a lower socket disposed between the labial outer wall and the lingual outer wall, and a jaw pad disposed between the upper socket and the lower socket; the orthodontic appliance manufactured by the method of any one of claims 8 to 9.
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