CN116505254B - Broadband circularly polarized dipole antenna and wireless communication device - Google Patents
Broadband circularly polarized dipole antenna and wireless communication device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116505254B CN116505254B CN202310785764.5A CN202310785764A CN116505254B CN 116505254 B CN116505254 B CN 116505254B CN 202310785764 A CN202310785764 A CN 202310785764A CN 116505254 B CN116505254 B CN 116505254B
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- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband circularly polarized dipole antenna and wireless communication equipment, wherein the antenna comprises a radiator, a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a third dielectric plate, a feed balun and a metal floor, wherein the second dielectric plate is vertically arranged between the first dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate, the radiator is arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate, the metal floor is arranged on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate, and the feed balun is arranged on the second dielectric plate and is respectively connected with the radiator and the metal floor; the radiator comprises a first branch, a first radiation arm, a second branch, a third branch, a second radiation arm and a fourth branch, wherein the first branch, the first radiation arm and the second branch are sequentially connected to form a first electric dipole arm, and the third branch, the second radiation arm and the fourth branch are sequentially connected to form a second electric dipole arm. The invention has the advantages of wider circular polarization radiation bandwidth, simple structure, simple feed network, wide frequency band, stable gain and low cross polarization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a circularly polarized antenna, in particular to a broadband circularly polarized dipole antenna and wireless communication equipment, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, linear polarization has been difficult to meet modern communication requirements. The circularly polarized antenna can receive not only linearly polarized electromagnetic waves but also circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, so that the polarization loss can be reduced and the multipath interference can be suppressed. When encountering rain and snow, the circularly polarized wave has stronger penetrating power, so that the circularly polarized antenna works stably and reliably and is more and more concerned. Circular polarized antennas have been widely used in communication systems such as satellite, radar, and aerospace. In terms of economy and performance, the antenna is required to have the advantages of compact structure, simple feed network, stable performance, wide coverage frequency band and the like. The patch antenna has a narrow operating bandwidth, although it has a low profile. And the dipole antenna is adopted to realize circular polarization, so that the antenna has wide working frequency band, stable radiation direction and higher gain.
Chinese patent document CN115863979B proposes a metal broadband circularly polarized patch antenna and a communication device, in which a metal short circuit unit is used to divide an electric field of the metal patch antenna into at least two regions, and current directions of adjacent regions have a phase difference of 90 ° so as to form circularly polarized electromagnetic waves. The reflection coefficient of the antenna is lower than-10 dB in the frequency range of 1.46-1.64GHz, the frequency range lower than the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is 1.535-1.645GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 6.6% calculated by the center frequency of the coincident wave band of 1.535-1.64 GHz. The invention provides a broadband circularly polarized microstrip antenna based on a cross dipole, which adopts a broadband equal power division 90 DEG phase shift network to feed four radiation units with a phase difference of 90 DEG in sequence, thereby realizing 63% of relative circularly polarized bandwidth. Most of the current invention in the field realizes circular polarization radiation by means of corner cutting, grooving, dendrite adding and the like of the patch, but the axial ratio bandwidth of the patch antenna is always narrower. In order to widen the axial ratio bandwidth of the circularly polarized antenna, an equal power division phase-shifting feed network or a coupler is often introduced to obtain a wider axial ratio circularly polarized radiation bandwidth, so that the complexity of antenna design and radiation loss are increased. A compact broadband circularly polarized dipole antenna having stable radiation characteristics is necessarily one of the preferred functional components of a circularly polarized antenna wireless communication system.
At present, most of the fields adopt angle cutting, branch adding, grooving or equal power division phase-shifting feed network introduction on a metal patch to realize circular polarization radiation, and the disadvantage is that the circular polarization radiation bandwidth is narrow or the feed network structure is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and provides a broadband circularly polarized dipole antenna which has the advantages of wider circularly polarized radiation bandwidth, simple structure, simple feed network, wide frequency band, stable gain and low cross polarization.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a wireless communication device comprising the above broadband circularly polarized dipole antenna.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
the broadband circularly polarized dipole antenna comprises a radiator, a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a third dielectric plate, a feed balun and a metal floor, wherein the second dielectric plate is vertically arranged between the first dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate, the radiator is arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate, the metal floor is arranged on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate, the feed balun is arranged on the second dielectric plate, and the feed balun is respectively connected with the radiator and the metal floor;
the radiator comprises a first branch, a first radiation arm, a second branch, a third branch, a second radiation arm and a fourth branch, wherein the first branch, the first radiation arm and the second branch are sequentially connected to form a first electric dipole arm, the third branch, the second radiation arm and the fourth branch are sequentially connected to form a second electric dipole arm, and the first electric dipole arm and the second electric dipole arm are rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central position of the first dielectric plate.
Further, the novel solar cell module further comprises two parasitic patches, wherein the two parasitic patches are a first parasitic patch and a second parasitic patch respectively, the first parasitic patch and the second parasitic patch are both arranged on the lower surface of the first dielectric plate and are rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central position of the first dielectric plate, the first parasitic patch is located at the nearby position of the second branch and the third branch, and the second parasitic patch is located at the nearby position of the first branch and the fourth branch.
Further, the first parasitic patch comprises a first rectangular patch, a first U-shaped patch and a second rectangular patch, and the first rectangular patch and the second rectangular patch are respectively connected with two ends of the first U-shaped patch;
the second parasitic patch comprises a third rectangular patch, a second U-shaped patch and a fourth rectangular patch, and the third rectangular patch and the fourth rectangular patch are respectively connected with two ends of the second U-shaped patch.
Further, the feed balun comprises a microstrip transmission line, a slot transmission line, a welding point and a feed port, wherein the microstrip transmission line is arranged on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate, the slot transmission line is arranged on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate, the slot transmission line is of a mirror symmetry structure relative to the center of the second dielectric plate, the feed port is used for welding a coaxial line to feed, an inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected with the microstrip transmission line, and an outer conductor of the coaxial line is connected with the slot transmission line; the first end of the gap transmission line is connected with the metal floor, and the second end of the gap transmission line is connected with the radiator through a welding point.
Further, the microstrip transmission line comprises a first section microstrip transmission line, a second section microstrip transmission line, a third section microstrip transmission line and a fourth section microstrip transmission line, wherein the first end of the first section microstrip transmission line is used as the first end of the microstrip transmission line to be connected with the coaxial line inner conductor accessed by the feed port, the second end of the first section microstrip transmission line is connected with the first end of the second section microstrip transmission line, the second end of the second section microstrip transmission line is connected with the first end of the third section microstrip transmission line, the second end of the third section microstrip transmission line is connected with the first end of the fourth section microstrip transmission line, and the second end of the fourth section microstrip transmission line is used as the second end of the microstrip transmission line.
Further, a first rectangular through hole is formed in the first radiating arm, a second rectangular through hole is formed in the second radiating arm, the welding points comprise a first welding point and a second welding point, the first welding point is welded with the first radiating arm through the first rectangular through hole, and the second welding point is welded with the second radiating arm through the second rectangular through hole.
Further, a third rectangular through hole and a fourth rectangular through hole are formed in the metal floor, and the feeding balun penetrates through the third rectangular through hole, the fourth rectangular through hole and the third dielectric plate and is fixed.
Further, the semiconductor device further comprises a metallized via pad, wherein the metallized via pad comprises a metallized via and a rectangular pad, the rectangular pad is arranged on the lower surface of the third dielectric plate, and the rectangular pad is connected with the metal floor through the metallized via.
Further, still include the support column, four support columns, four support column's first ends and first dielectric plate are fixed to be connected, four support column's second ends and third dielectric plate are fixed to be connected.
The other object of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a wireless communication device comprising the wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the antenna adopts the structure that two branches are added on a radiation arm to widen impedance matching, and two circularly polarized radiations are generated between the two branches and the radiation arm near 2.2GHz and 3GHz frequencies, so that the two circularly polarized radiations are mutually overlapped to widen the axial ratio bandwidth of the circularly polarized radiations; in addition, the rectangular parasitic patch adopted by the antenna can greatly widen impedance matching, the U-shaped parasitic patches are connected with each other, and coupling current generated by the rectangular parasitic patch generates circular polarization radiation near 1.7GHz through the U-shaped parasitic patch, so that the connected parasitic patch not only widens impedance matching bandwidth, but also widens circular polarization radiation axial ratio bandwidth.
2. The working frequency band of the antenna is 1.69GHz-3.16GHz, the axial ratio bandwidth of circularly polarized radiation is 60.6%, the working frequency band of 1.7-2.7GHz (DCS 1800, PCS1900, UMTS2000, LTE2300 and LTE 2500) is covered, the antenna has wider impedance matching frequency band, the feed network adopts a classical feed balun structure, a complex equal power division phase shift network is not adopted, the process requirement and the production cost are greatly reduced, and the gain of the broadband circularly polarized dipole antenna is 7.13-8.56 dBi in the working frequency band of 1.69GHz-3.16GHz, so the antenna has stable gain.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of the radiator and parasitic patch structure of a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a feed balun of a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna on an upper surface of a second dielectric plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a feed balun of a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention on a lower surface of a second dielectric plate.
Fig. 5 is a metal floor structure diagram of a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the main dimensions of a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of microstrip transmission line dimensions of a feed balun of a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the slot transmission line dimensions of a feed balun of a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a graph of feed port reflection coefficient for a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a graph of circular polarization radiation axial ratio of a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a gain plot of a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a radiation pattern of a feed port of a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention at a center frequency of 1.7 GHz.
Fig. 13 is a radiation pattern of a feed port of a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention at a center frequency of 2.4 GHz.
Fig. 14 is a radiation pattern of a feed port of a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention at a center frequency of 3.1 GHz.
Wherein 100-radiator, 101-first branch, 102-first radiating arm, 103-second branch, 104-third branch, 105-second radiating arm, 106-fourth branch, 107-first rectangular through hole, 108-second rectangular through hole, 200-parasitic patch, 201-first rectangular patch, 202-first U-shaped patch, 203-second rectangular patch, 204-third rectangular patch, 205-second U-shaped patch, 206-fourth rectangular patch, 301-first dielectric plate, 302-second dielectric plate, 303-third dielectric plate, 400-feed balun, 401-microstrip transmission line, 401 a-first section microstrip transmission line, 401 b-second section microstrip transmission line, 401 c-third section microstrip transmission line, 401 d-fourth section microstrip transmission line, 402-slot transmission line, 403-soldering point, 403 a-first soldering point, 403 b-second soldering point, 404-feed port, 500-support post, 600-metallized via pad, 601-metallized via, 602-rectangular pad, 700-metal floor, 701-first circular via, 702-second circular via, 703-third circular via, 704-fourth circular via, 705-third rectangular via, 706-fourth rectangular via.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Examples:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna which can be applied to various wireless communication devices, including a radiator 100, a first dielectric plate 301, a second dielectric plate 302, a third dielectric plate 303, a feeding balun 400, and a metal floor 700, the second dielectric plate 302 being vertically disposed between the first dielectric plate 301 and the third dielectric plate 303, the radiator 100 being disposed on an upper surface of the first dielectric plate 301, the metal floor 700 being disposed on an upper surface of the third dielectric plate 303, the feeding balun 400 being disposed on the second dielectric plate 302, and the feeding balun 400 being connected to the radiator 100, the metal floor 700, respectively.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the radiator 100 is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric sheet 301 by printing, the dielectric constant of the first dielectric sheet 301 is 3.58, the thickness is 0.762mm, and the tangent loss angle is 0.0035; the radiator 100 includes a first branch 101, a first radiation arm 102, a second branch 103, a third branch 104, a second radiation arm 105 and a fourth branch 106, where the first branch 101, the first radiation arm 102 and the second branch 103 are sequentially connected to form a first electric dipole arm, the third branch 104, the second radiation arm 105 and the fourth branch 106 are sequentially connected to form a second electric dipole arm, the first electric dipole arm and the second electric dipole arm are rotationally symmetrical about a central position of the first dielectric plate 301, a pair of electric dipole arms with the same size are formed, the first electric dipole arm and the second electric dipole arm are illustrated by taking the first electric dipole arm as an example, the second branch 103 and the first radiation arm 102 form two mutually orthogonal modes near 2.2GHz, a 90-degree phase difference is formed between the two modes, a certain impedance matching bandwidth can be widened, the first branch 101 and the first radiation arm 102 generate two mutually orthogonal modes near 3GHz, that is different in one-to-half wavelength, that is, the two orthogonal polarization modes have a phase difference between the two orthogonal polarization modes, and a phase difference between the two orthogonal polarization modes has a phase difference of the two-to a circular polarization bandwidth is generated, and the two orthogonal polarization modes have a phase difference of the two-to a phase difference between the two-to-polarization radiation.
Further, the wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna of the present embodiment may further include two parasitic patches 200, where the parasitic patches 200 are disposed on the lower surface of the first dielectric plate 301 by printing, the two parasitic patches are respectively a first parasitic patch and a second parasitic patch, the first parasitic patch and the second parasitic patch are rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central position of the first dielectric plate, so as to form a pair of parasitic patches with the same size, the first parasitic patch is located in the vicinity of the second branch 103 and the third branch 104, and the second parasitic patch is located in the vicinity of the first branch 101 and the fourth branch 106; the first parasitic patch comprises a first rectangular patch 201, a first U-shaped patch 202 and a second rectangular patch 203, wherein the first rectangular patch 201 and the second rectangular patch 203 are respectively connected with two ends of the first U-shaped patch 202; the second parasitic patch includes a third rectangular patch 204, a second U-shaped patch 205 and a fourth rectangular patch 206, where the third rectangular patch 204 and the fourth rectangular patch 206 are connected to two ends of the second U-shaped patch 205, respectively, and the first rectangular patch 201, the second rectangular patch 203, the third rectangular patch 204 and the fourth rectangular patch 206 can greatly improve impedance matching and increase impedance matching bandwidth, and the first U-shaped patch 202 and the second U-shaped patch 205 can generate two mutually orthogonal modes with the first branch 101 and the third branch 104 near 1.7GHz, and after parasitic coupling, currents have a phase difference of 90 ° and generate circular polarized radiation, so that the circular polarized radiation generated near 1.7GHz, 2.2GHz and 3GHz are superimposed on each other, thereby forming broadband circular polarized radiation.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the feeding balun 400 includes a microstrip transmission line 401, a slot transmission line 402, a welding point 403 and a feeding port 404, the microstrip transmission line 401 is disposed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate 302 by printing, the slot transmission line 402 is disposed on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate by printing, the slot transmission line 402 is in a structure of mirror symmetry about the center of the second dielectric plate 302, the dielectric constant of the second dielectric plate 302 is 3.58, the thickness is 0.762mm, the tangent loss angle is 0.0035, the feeding port 404 is used for feeding by welding 141 coaxial lines, wherein the 141 coaxial line inner conductor is connected with the microstrip transmission line 401, and the 141 coaxial line outer conductor is connected with the slot transmission line 402; the microstrip transmission line 401 is not connected to the metal floor 700, and a first end of the slot transmission line 402 is connected to the metal floor 700, and a second end of the slot transmission line is connected to the radiator 100 through a welding point 403.
Further, the microstrip transmission line 401 includes a first section microstrip transmission line 401a, a second section microstrip transmission line 401b, a third section microstrip transmission line 401c and a fourth section microstrip transmission line 401d, where a first end of the first section microstrip transmission line 401a is connected to the coaxial line inner conductor to which the feed port 404 is connected as a first end of the microstrip transmission line 401, a second end of the first section microstrip transmission line 401a is connected to a first end of the second section microstrip transmission line 401b, a second end of the second section microstrip transmission line 401b is connected to a first end of the third section microstrip transmission line 401c, a second end of the third section microstrip transmission line 401c is connected to a first end of the fourth section microstrip transmission line 401d, and a second end of the fourth section microstrip transmission line 401d is used as a second end of the microstrip transmission line 401 without any connection; the width of the second microstrip transmission line 401b of the present embodiment is greater than the width of the first microstrip transmission line 401a, the width of the first microstrip transmission line 401a is greater than the width of the fourth microstrip transmission line 401d, the width of the fourth microstrip transmission line 401d is greater than the width of the third microstrip transmission line 401c, and the third microstrip transmission line 401c and the fourth microstrip transmission line 401d are designed as bends in consideration of the overall size.
Further, the first radiating arm 102 is provided with a first rectangular through hole 107, the second radiating arm 105 is provided with a second rectangular through hole 108, the welding point 403 includes a first welding point 403a and a second welding point 403b, the first welding point 403a is welded with the first radiating arm 102 through the first rectangular through hole 107, and the second welding point 403b is welded with the second radiating arm 105 through the second rectangular through hole 108, so that the connection between the feed balun 400 and the antenna radiator 100 is realized.
In this embodiment, the widths of the microstrip transmission lines (the first section microstrip transmission line 401a, the second section microstrip transmission line 401b, the third section microstrip transmission line 401c, and the fourth section microstrip transmission line 401 d), and the gaps of the slot transmission line 402 have a great influence on impedance matching and a small influence on the circular polarization radiation axis ratio bandwidth.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the metal floor 700 is disposed on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate 303 by printing, the third dielectric plate 303 is an FR4 dielectric plate, the dielectric constant is 4.4, the thickness is 1.6mm, and the tangent loss angle is 0.02; the metal floor 700 is provided with a third rectangular through hole 705 and a fourth rectangular through hole 706, and the feeding balun 400 is fixed after passing through the third rectangular through hole 705, the fourth rectangular through hole 706 and the third dielectric plate 303; the metal floor 700 is also provided with a groove 707, and the groove 707 separates the metal floor 700 from the microstrip transmission line 401 by a distance of 1mm, so as to avoid short circuit.
Further, the wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna of the present embodiment may further include four support columns 500, where the four support columns 500 are made of nylon materials, the first ends of the four support columns 500 pass through the first dielectric plate 301 and are fixedly connected to the first dielectric plate 301, the second ends of the four support columns 500 pass through the third dielectric plate 303 and are fixedly connected to the third dielectric plate 303, and in order to connect the second ends of the four support columns 500 to the third dielectric plate 303, the metal floor 700 is further provided with a first circular through hole 701, a second circular through hole 702, a third circular through hole 703 and a fourth circular through hole 704, and the second ends of the four support columns 500 pass through the first circular through hole 701, the second circular through hole 702, the third circular through hole 703 and the fourth circular through hole 704 respectively and are fixed after passing through the third dielectric plate 303.
Further, the wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna of the present embodiment may further include a metallized via pad 600, where the metallized via pad 600 includes a metallized via 601 and a rectangular pad 602, the rectangular pad 602 is disposed on the lower surface of the third dielectric plate 303, and the rectangular pad 602 is connected to the metal floor 700 through the metallized via 601; specifically, the metallized via 601 is composed of a metal pillar of 2*3, the outer radius of the metal pillar is 0.5mm, the inner radius of the metal pillar is 0.4mm, the center-to-center spacing between the front and rear of the metallized via is 2.5mm, and the left and right spacing is 5mm, so that good grounding performance can be provided.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the width W of the first radiation arm 102 of the radiator 100 1 16.5mm length L 1 Width W of first branch 101 is 24.6mm 2 6.3mm length L 2 The width W of the second branch 103 is 27.2mm 3 1.5mm length L 3 Width W of the first rectangular through hole 107 is 5.4mm 4 0.8mm length L 4 6mm; width Z of fourth rectangular patch 206 of parasitic patch 200 1 Length Z of 12.8mm 2 Length Z of the second U-shaped patch 205 is 16.6mm 3 Length Z of 4.5mm 4 23.4mm length Z 5 0.4mm, and a width Zw of 1.4mm; length Z of third rectangular patch 204 6 11.4mm width Z 7 7mm; the metal floor 700 has a length Gl of 135mm and a width Gw of 125mm; micro-scaleThe feed port 404 of the strip transmission line 401 is of radius R 1 For welding 141 coaxial line inner conductor, R 1 0.47mm; length K of first section microstrip transmission line 401a 1 7.3mm width D 1 Length K of the second microstrip transmission line 401b of 1mm 2 13.6mm width D 2 Is 1.15mm. First partial length K of third section microstrip transmission line 401c 3 7mm width D 3 The second part length K of the third microstrip transmission line 401c is 0.3mm 4 7.7mm width D 4 The first part length K of the fourth microstrip transmission line 401d is 0.3mm 5 7.7mm width D 5 The second part length K of the fourth microstrip transmission line 401d is 0.4mm 6 1.7mm width D 6 0.4mm; the feed port of the slot transmission line 402 is of radius R 2 For welding 141 coaxial outer conductors, R2 is 1.78mm, the gap transmission line 402 is left at a distance g1 near the edge of the second dielectric plate 302, g1 is 0.25mm long, the gap g2 width of the gap transmission line 402 is 3.9mm, the feeding welding offset gap edge distance g3 is 5.8mm, the width g4 of the welding point 403 is 4.7mm, the height g5 of the welding point 403 is 2.3mm, the width g6 of one side of the gap transmission line 402 is 6.8mm, the length g7 is 29.5mm, the feeding offset gap edge g8 is 3.7mm, the pin length g9 under the gap transmission line 402 is 6.5mm, and the width g10 is 5mm; the width g11 of the second dielectric plate 302 is 28.4mm.
Fig. 9, 10, 11, 12-14 are respectively the reflection coefficient, axial ratio, gain, radiation pattern (center frequency is 1.7GHz, 2.4GHz, and 3.1 GHz) of the antenna according to the present embodiment; as can be seen from the graph, the frequency band with the reflection coefficient lower than-10 dB is 1.69GHz-3.99GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 80.7%; the frequency band of the circular polarization radiation with the axial ratio lower than-3 dB is 1.69GHz-3.16GHz, the relative bandwidth is 60.6 percent, and the working frequency band of 1.7-2.7GHz (DCS 1800, PCS1900, UMTS2000, LTE2300 and LTE 2500) is covered; therefore, the antenna of the embodiment has the advantages of wider circular polarization working frequency band, stable gain, low cross polarization and the like in the working frequency band, and the circular polarization radiation axial ratio relative bandwidth is 60.6%, and the gain is 7.13-8.56 dBi.
In summary, the antenna of the invention adopts the structure that two branches are added on the radiation arm to widen the impedance matching, and two circular polarized radiation is generated between the two branches and the radiation arm near the frequencies of 2.2GHz and 3GHz, so that the two circular polarized radiation axial ratio bandwidth is widened by mutual superposition; in addition, the rectangular parasitic patch adopted by the antenna can greatly widen impedance matching, the U-shaped parasitic patches are connected with each other, and coupling current generated by the rectangular parasitic patch generates circular polarization radiation near 1.7GHz through the U-shaped parasitic patch, so that the connected parasitic patch not only widens impedance matching bandwidth, but also widens circular polarization radiation axial ratio bandwidth.
The foregoing is only illustrative of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, but any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The broadband circularly polarized dipole antenna is characterized by comprising a radiator, a parasitic patch, a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a third dielectric plate, a feed balun and a metal floor, wherein the second dielectric plate is vertically arranged between the first dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate, the radiator is arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate, the metal floor is arranged on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate, the feed balun is arranged on the second dielectric plate, and the feed balun is respectively connected with the radiator and the metal floor;
the radiator comprises a first branch, a first radiation arm, a second branch, a third branch, a second radiation arm and a fourth branch, wherein the first branch, the first radiation arm and the second branch are sequentially connected to form a first electric dipole arm, the third branch, the second radiation arm and the fourth branch are sequentially connected to form a second electric dipole arm, and the first electric dipole arm and the second electric dipole arm are rotationally symmetrical relative to the central position of the first dielectric plate; in the first electric dipole arm, the second branch knot and the first radiation arm form two mutually orthogonal modes, a 90-degree phase difference is formed between the two modes, circular polarized radiation is generated, the first branch knot and the first radiation arm form two mutually orthogonal modes, a 90-degree phase difference is formed between the two modes, and circular polarized radiation is generated; in the second electric dipole arm, the fourth branch and the second radiation arm form two mutually orthogonal modes, a 90-degree phase difference is formed between the two modes, circular polarized radiation is generated, the third branch and the second radiation arm form two mutually orthogonal modes, a 90-degree phase difference is formed between the two modes, and circular polarized radiation is generated;
the two parasitic patches are respectively a first parasitic patch and a second parasitic patch, the first parasitic patch and the second parasitic patch are both arranged on the lower surface of the first dielectric plate and are rotationally symmetrical with respect to the central position of the first dielectric plate, the first parasitic patch is positioned at the position nearby the second branch and the third branch, and the second parasitic patch is positioned at the position nearby the first branch and the fourth branch;
the first parasitic patch comprises a first rectangular patch, a first U-shaped patch and a second rectangular patch, and the first rectangular patch and the second rectangular patch are respectively connected with two ends of the first U-shaped patch;
the second parasitic patch comprises a third rectangular patch, a second U-shaped patch and a fourth rectangular patch, and the third rectangular patch and the fourth rectangular patch are respectively connected with two ends of the second U-shaped patch.
2. The broadband circularly polarized dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein said feeding balun comprises a microstrip transmission line, a slot transmission line, a welding point and a feeding port, said microstrip transmission line is disposed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate, said slot transmission line is disposed on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate, said slot transmission line is of a mirror-symmetrical structure with respect to the center of the second dielectric plate, said feeding port is used for feeding by welding a coaxial line, the coaxial line inner conductor is connected with the microstrip transmission line, and the coaxial line outer conductor is connected with the slot transmission line; the first end of the gap transmission line is connected with the metal floor, and the second end of the gap transmission line is connected with the radiator through a welding point.
3. The wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna as defined in claim 2, wherein the microstrip transmission line comprises a first section microstrip transmission line, a second section microstrip transmission line, a third section microstrip transmission line and a fourth section microstrip transmission line, the first end of the first section microstrip transmission line being connected to the coaxial line inner conductor to which the feed port is connected as the first end of the microstrip transmission line, the second end of the first section microstrip transmission line being connected to the first end of the second section microstrip transmission line, the second end of the second section microstrip transmission line being connected to the first end of the third section microstrip transmission line, the second end of the third section microstrip transmission line being connected to the first end of the fourth section microstrip transmission line, the second end of the fourth section microstrip transmission line being the second end of the microstrip transmission line.
4. The wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna as defined in claim 2, wherein the first radiating arm has a first rectangular through hole and the second radiating arm has a second rectangular through hole, the solder joint comprises a first solder joint and a second solder joint, the first solder joint is soldered to the first radiating arm through the first rectangular through hole, and the second solder joint is soldered to the second radiating arm through the second rectangular through hole.
5. The wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the metal floor is provided with a third rectangular through hole and a fourth rectangular through hole, and the feeding balun is fixed after passing through the third rectangular through hole, the fourth rectangular through hole and the third dielectric plate.
6. The wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna as recited in any one of claims 1-4, further comprising a metallized via pad, the metallized via pad comprising a metallized via and a rectangular pad, the rectangular pad being disposed on a lower surface of the third dielectric sheet, and the rectangular pad being connected to the metal floor by the metallized via.
7. The wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna as defined in any one of claims 1-4, further comprising four support columns, wherein a first end of each of the four support columns is fixedly connected to the first dielectric plate and a second end of each of the four support columns is fixedly connected to the third dielectric plate.
8. A wireless communication device comprising the wideband circularly polarized dipole antenna of any one of claims 1-7.
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| CN116683179B (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2023-10-27 | 广东工业大学 | Wideband high-isolation dipole antenna for full duplex application and communication equipment |
| CN116722360B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-10-31 | 广东工业大学 | Stacked high-isolation full-duplex antenna based on deep learning optimization and communication equipment |
| CN117317575B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-06 | 福建福大北斗通信科技有限公司 | Cross dipole antenna with low axial ratio and wide frequency band |
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| JP2022130031A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2022-09-06 | 日本無線株式会社 | patch antenna |
| CN218498379U (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-02-17 | 加特兰微电子科技(上海)有限公司 | Antenna, radio device and electronic product |
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| US8269686B2 (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2012-09-18 | Uti Limited Partnership | Dual circularly polarized antenna |
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Effective date of registration: 20231225 Address after: Room 1111, 10 Guanhong Road, Guangzhou hi tech Industrial Development Zone, Guangdong 510000 Patentee after: GUANGZHOU SITAI INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: 510062 Dongfeng East Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 729 Patentee before: GUANGDONG University OF TECHNOLOGY |