CN116486525A - Motion detection method applied to access control system - Google Patents
Motion detection method applied to access control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116486525A CN116486525A CN202211427781.3A CN202211427781A CN116486525A CN 116486525 A CN116486525 A CN 116486525A CN 202211427781 A CN202211427781 A CN 202211427781A CN 116486525 A CN116486525 A CN 116486525A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010801 machine learning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/30—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0273—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves using multipath or indirect path propagation signals in position determination
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a motion detection method applied to an access control system, which comprises a main control unit, a monitoring unit and a CSI unit, wherein the main control unit is matched through the CSI unit, channel state information is the channel attribute of a physical layer of a communication link, the CSI characterizes multipath propagation to a certain extent, on one hand, the CSI simultaneously measures the frequency response of a plurality of subcarriers from one data packet instead of the total amplitude response of superposition of all subcarriers, so that a frequency selective channel is more finely characterized, on the other hand, the CSI can measure the amplitude of each subcarrier and the phase information of each subcarrier, the same propagation environment is realized, the integral structural characteristics of the CSI are relatively stable and the robustness is relatively strong, and the common deployment of a WiFi network and equipment in an indoor environment enables the CSI to be relatively universal wireless signal information.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of infinite CSI ranging, in particular to a motion detection method applied to an access control system.
Background
With the development of technology and the progress of living standard of people, an access control system is installed in more and more buildings, the access control system in a broad sense comprises various channels capable of passing, including doors capable of passing by people, doors capable of passing by vehicles and the like, the access control system is a novel modern safety management system, integrates microcomputer automatic identification technology and modern safety management measures, relates to a plurality of new technologies such as electronics, machinery, optics, computer technology, communication technology and the like, is an effective measure for realizing safety precaution management by solving important department entrances and exits, is applicable to various confidential departments such as banks, hotels, parking lot management, machine rooms, municipalities, machine rooms, intelligent communities, factories and the like, and simultaneously benefits from the continuous development of AI technology, the access control system realizes deeper evolution and transformation in multiple dimensions such as products, technologies and applications, AI+ security will develop towards urban, comprehensive and active directions in the future, and will be an important module in data perception, cognition and decision support is integrated into the access control system on the aspects of urban management and management market at present, but the following problems exist:
the entrance guard system mainly uses radio to detect, and the radio signal is essentially an electromagnetic wave for transmitting data and sensing environment, where the environment refers to the physical space of signal propagation, including factors of people (whether there is a person and the position, feature, gesture, action, etc.) and factors of other objects, and the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) is an optional part of the wireless transmission layer, to determine the link quality, and whether to increase the broadcast transmission strength, theoretically, the RSSI can be substituted into the wireless signal propagation model to estimate the signal propagation distance, or the RSSI can be used as the wireless signal feature fingerprint of a specific place, and it can be inferred whether there is a person or other obstacle to block the wireless link through the fluctuation of the RSSI, but in the indoor environment, the RSSI can not decrease monotonically with the increase of the propagation distance due to small-scale shadow fading caused by the multipath propagation of the signal, so as to limit the ranging accuracy, and under a typical laboratory environment, the multipath propagation can cause the fluctuation of the RSSI amplitude, and the wireless signal fingerprint can be mismatched during positioning, so that the system is easy to falsely touch the alarm system or the result of monitoring cannot be accurately performed for a long time.
Aiming at the problems, the novel design is carried out on the basis of the original access control system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a motion detection method applied to an access control system, which is used for solving the problems that in the indoor environment of the access control system in the market, which is proposed in the prior art, RSSI can not monotonically decrease along with the increase of the propagation distance due to the small-scale shadow fading caused by the multipath propagation of signals, so that the ranging precision is limited, the RSSI amplitude fluctuation can be caused by the multipath propagation in a typical laboratory environment, and the wireless signal fingerprint is erroneously matched during positioning due to the RSSI fluctuation caused by the multipath propagation, so that the access control system is easy to mistakenly touch an alarm system or the result that the accurate monitoring cannot be performed for a long time appears.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a motion detection method applied to an access control system comprises the following steps,
s101, respectively installing a main control unit, a monitoring unit and a CSI unit to an access control system, wherein the monitoring unit and the CSI unit are respectively and electrically connected with the main control unit;
s102, scanning a three-dimensional space of an installation scene through the monitoring unit, analyzing scene characteristics of the three-dimensional space, recording the scene characteristics, and transmitting the scene characteristics to the main control unit;
s103, collecting the CSI value of the three-dimensional space through the WIFI Card arranged in the CSI unit, denoising the CSI value and transmitting the CSI value to the main control unit;
s104, when different objects move in the three-dimensional space, extracting moving signal characteristics of CSI values of the objects, wherein the moving signal characteristics comprise signal energy intensity, energy variance, wave crest and trough number and phase to form an indoor positioning model based on CSI, and setting a CSI threshold after training the indoor positioning model by using a machine learning algorithm;
s105, when an unknown object moves in the three-dimensional space, collecting a CSI value, comparing the CSI value with a threshold value set by the indoor positioning model, and opening the access control system when the CSI value is within the threshold value.
Preferably, the master control unit is provided with a wiegand sensor for sensing the movement direction of the object.
Preferably, after the WIFI Card gathers the CSI value of the three-dimensional space, the CSI net value is obtained through a denoising step.
Preferably, the CSI unit further comprises a signal receiving device and an analyzing device, the signal receiving device is used for receiving pulse fluctuation of WIFI, so as to assist in detection work, and the detection system is used for detecting indoor human movement signal characteristics.
Preferably, the CSI unit is a channel state information CSI representing a coefficient of a wireless channel, and in a Wi-Fi system adopting OFDM modulation, CSI of each subcarrier is a complex number.
Preferably, when the CSI fluctuation detected by the detection system is transmitted to the analysis system, and the analyzed CSI value exceeds the threshold value, an alarm is triggered.
The access control terminal comprises a memory, a processor and an access control program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the access control program is configured to realize the steps of the motion detection method applied to the access control system.
An access control system comprises an access control terminal, a cloud end and a client;
the access control terminal sends request information for opening the access control to the cloud end, the cloud end sends the request information to the client end, and a user uses the client end to determine whether to open the access control.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the motion detection method applied to the access control system, the main control unit is matched through the CSI unit, the channel state information is the channel attribute of the physical layer of the communication link, and compared with the RSSI, the CSI is characterized by multipath propagation to a certain extent, on one hand, the CSI can simultaneously measure the frequency response of a plurality of subcarriers from one data packet, but not the total amplitude response of all the superimposed subcarriers, so that the frequency selective channel is more finely characterized, on the other hand, the CSI can measure the amplitude of each subcarrier and the phase information of each subcarrier, the same propagation environment is adopted, the integral structural characteristics of the CSI are relatively stable and robust, and the common deployment of Wi-Fi networks and equipment in indoor environments enables the CSI to be relatively universal wireless signal information.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation structure of the CSI unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the CSI operation in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of CSI theory according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a motion detection method applied to an access control system, comprising:
s101, respectively installing a main control unit, a monitoring unit and a CSI unit to an access control system, wherein the monitoring unit and the CSI unit are respectively and electrically connected with the main control unit;
s102, scanning a three-dimensional space of an installation scene through a monitoring unit, analyzing scene characteristics of the three-dimensional space, recording the scene characteristics, and transmitting the scene characteristics to a main control unit;
s103, collecting the CSI value of the three-dimensional space through the WIFI Card arranged in the CSI unit and transmitting the CSI value to the main control unit;
s104, when different objects move in a three-dimensional space, extracting moving signal characteristics of CSI values of the objects, wherein the moving signal characteristics comprise signal energy intensity, energy variance, wave crest and trough number and phase to form an indoor positioning model based on CSI, and setting a CSI threshold after training the indoor positioning model by using a machine learning algorithm;
s105, when the unknown object moves in the three-dimensional space, collecting the CSI value and comparing the CSI value with a threshold value set by the indoor positioning model, and starting the access control system when the CSI value is within the threshold value.
Testing the training and setting of a CSI unit detection model, extracting human movement signal characteristics including signal energy intensity, energy variance, wave crest and wave trough number and phase of the processed signals, training the signals by using a machine learning algorithm to obtain an indoor positioning model based on the CSI, deploying an open source toolkit csitols for measuring Channel State Information (CSI), and sending and receiving independent wifi network cards.
Based on the method, the network card which is expanded to be capable of supporting the acquisition of the csi information can be transplanted by using the tools, drivers and a Linux system;
at present, the csi-tool is implemented on the Ubuntu system. This tool has been tested to work well on Ubuntu 12.04LTS (64 bits) and Ubuntu 14.04LTS (64 bits), with other systems requiring some migration effort.
The CSI-tools are built in the Linux kernel 4.1.10, and if the Linux kernel versions are inconsistent, adaptation is needed. The main control unit is provided with the peripheral interface that is used for connecting peripheral equipment, and the main control unit still is provided with and is used for connecting high in the clouds interface and wiegand interface to the main control unit still supports CSI network card module, connects other units through the main control unit, plays the effect of accepting.
The monitoring unit further comprises a transmitting device and a connecting device, the transmitting device is used for scanning a scene to acquire information of scene characteristics, the connecting device is used for connecting with subsequent other components, the information of the scene characteristics is transmitted, the internal environment of the scene is detected, meanwhile, the connecting device is used for receiving data sent by the CSI system and analyzing and processing the data, and the monitoring unit is used for monitoring and analyzing the scene conditions to assist the CSI unit in monitoring.
The CSI unit further comprises a signal system, an analysis system and a detection system, wherein the signal system is mainly used for transmitting and receiving signals so as to assist in detection work, the detection system is used for detecting indoor human body movement signal characteristics, such as signal energy intensity, energy variance, wave crest and wave trough number, phase and the like, the analysis system is used for training the signal system by using a machine learning algorithm to obtain an indoor positioning model based on CSI, the CSI unit is required to be subjected to threshold setting in the use process, when the detection system detects that the threshold exceeds, the threshold is analyzed by the analysis unit, so that an alarm is triggered, the internal environment is monitored by the CSI unit, and early warning is sent out when someone acts.
The theory of CSI unit is that channel state information CSI (Channelstateinformation) represents the coefficient of a wireless channel, in a Wi-Fi system using OFDM modulation, CSI of each subcarrier is complex, i.e. csi=a+bj, in the case of M transmitting antennas, N receiving antennas, and channel bandwidth of 20MHz, CSI of one packet is a complex matrix mxn×56, if the bandwidth is 40MHz, CSI matrix size is mxn×114, CSI-tool is an open-source 802.11N measurement and experiment tool, which can extract detailed PHY wireless communication information from an atheoswifi network card, including Channel State Information (CSI), received packet load and other additional information (time stamp, RSSI of each antenna, data rate, etc.), CSI-tool is built on an open-source Linux kernel driving ath9k supporting QCA802.11N PCI/PCI-e chips, so that this tool should be able to support all types of 802.11N wifi chipsets of QCA.
The main control unit also comprises a receiving system and an early warning system, wherein the receiving system is used for receiving signals sent by the CSI unit, and the early warning system sends early warning when the CSI unit finds that personnel move.
Working principle: according to fig. 1-4, firstly, scanning is performed towards an area needing to perform entrance guard detection through a transmitting device to obtain an actual scene of an indoor structure, obtaining scene characteristics, then installing a CSI unit, setting a threshold value which can trigger the CSI unit, performing a human body experiment to determine that the CSI unit can be normally used, continuously sending out a signal in the using process of the CSI unit, if a human body moves indoors, performing analysis by a detecting unit in advance of a human body movement signal, and if the threshold value of the human head movement signal exceeds the set threshold value, triggering an early warning system 402 in a main control unit to send out an alarm to remind a person with no qualification to move at the entrance guard system;
referring to fig. 1-4, it should be specifically noted that each value in the CSI matrix is complex, and is in the form of i+ j Q, so that the magnitude of the kth subcarrier I H (k) I is sqrt (I2+q 2), the phase is arctan (Q/I), that is, each element in the CSI describes the amplitude and phase of the corresponding subcarrier, the CSI is information of a physical layer, for a wireless network card device, theoretically, the CSI information cannot be obtained and has no MAC address identifier, but since 2010, danielhalpin of the university of henidel makes it possible to obtain channel state information on a general Wi-Fi device, current WIFI technology based on 802.11n protocol adopts a MIMO-OFDM system (that is, AP multiple transmitting antennas, multiple receiving antennas, and carrier modulation using OFDM technology), in the 20mhz zht transmission mode, a wireless communication channel is modulated into 64 subcarriers with subcarrier numbers of [ -28, -1] and [1,28], the center direct current subcarrier number is 0, for transmitting null symbols, ieee802.11n uses 56 subcarriers therein, and 52 thereof are used for transmitting data signals, 4 thereof are used for transmitting pilot signals, specific information of 30 subcarriers therein can be acquired using the named csitool tool software, thus finally obtaining a complex matrix of normalized CSI matrix h—nm30, where n is the number of transmitting antennas, m is the number of receiving antennas, 30 is the number of subcarrier information, we can obtain channel state information between each transmitting and receiving antenna, above is the operation process of the whole device, and all that is not described in detail in this specification is within the skill of the art.
The main control unit is provided with a wiegand sensor for sensing the movement direction of an object, and the amplitude of the pulse is determined by the field intensity of the excitation magnetic field. The wiegand sensor does not need an external power supply to supply power, the working frequency of the wiegand sensor is from 0 speed to 20KHZ, and the polarity of the pulse is determined by the polarity of the excitation magnetic field. Since wiegand sensors are very easy to match with digital systems and the systems have no moving parts or semiconductor devices, this makes them suitable for harsh environments and long-term unmanned monitoring sites. The wiegand sensor can be widely applied to: measurement of transport speed in a process control device, sensitivity to direction of motion, etc.
And after the CSI value of the three-dimensional space is collected by the WIFI Card, obtaining the CSI net value through a denoising step. The CSI may have a certain degree of error during the collection, so denoising is required by various existing techniques, so as to obtain a relatively accurate CSI value.
The CSI unit further comprises a signal receiving device and an analyzing device, wherein the signal receiving device is used for receiving pulse fluctuation of WIFI so as to assist in detection work, and the detection system is used for detecting indoor human body movement signal characteristics.
The CSI unit is channel state information CSI which represents coefficients of a wireless channel, and in a Wi-Fi system adopting OFDM modulation, the CSI of each subcarrier is complex.
And when the CSI fluctuation detected by the detection system is transmitted to the analysis system, and the analyzed CSI value exceeds the threshold value, triggering an alarm.
An access terminal comprising a memory, a processor and an access control program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, the access control program being configured to implement the steps of any one of the above methods for motion detection in an access system.
An access control system comprises an access control terminal, a cloud end and a client;
the access control terminal sends request information for opening the access control to the cloud end, the cloud end sends the request information to the client end, and a user uses the client end to determine whether to open the access control.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises an element.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The motion detection method applied to the access control system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s101, respectively installing a main control unit, a monitoring unit and a CSI unit to an access control system, wherein the monitoring unit and the CSI unit are respectively and electrically connected with the main control unit;
s102, scanning a three-dimensional space of an installation scene through the monitoring unit, analyzing scene characteristics of the three-dimensional space, recording the scene characteristics, and transmitting the scene characteristics to the main control unit;
s103, collecting the CSI value of the three-dimensional space through the WIFI Card arranged in the CSI unit and transmitting the CSI value to the main control unit;
s104, when different objects move in the three-dimensional space, extracting moving signal characteristics of CSI values of the objects, wherein the moving signal characteristics comprise signal energy intensity, energy variance, wave crest and trough number and phase to form an indoor positioning model based on CSI, and setting a CSI threshold after training the indoor positioning model by using a machine learning algorithm;
s105, when an unknown object moves in the three-dimensional space, collecting a CSI value, comparing the CSI value with a threshold value set by the indoor positioning model, and opening the access control system when the CSI value is within the threshold value.
2. The method for detecting movement applied to an access control system according to claim 1, wherein a wiegand sensor is arranged outside the main control unit and is used for sensing the movement direction of an object.
3. The motion detection method for an access control system according to claim 1, wherein after the CSI values of the three-dimensional space collected by the WIFI Card, a noise removal step is performed to obtain a CSI net value.
4. The motion detection method applied to the access control system according to claim 1, wherein the CSI unit further comprises a signal receiving device and an analyzing device, the signal receiving device is used for receiving pulse fluctuation of WIFI, so as to assist in detection work, and the detection system is used for detecting indoor human movement signal characteristics.
5. The motion detection method for an access control system according to claim 4, wherein the CSI unit is a coefficient of a wireless channel represented by channel state information CSI, and in a Wi-Fi system using OFDM modulation, CSI of each subcarrier is a complex number.
6. The method for detecting movement applied to an access control system according to claim 4, wherein an alarm is triggered when the CSI fluctuation detected by the detection system is transmitted to the analysis system and the analyzed CSI value exceeds a threshold.
7. An access terminal comprising a memory, a processor and an access control program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, the access control program being configured to implement the steps of the motion detection method of any one of claims 1 to 6 applied to an access system.
8. An access control system is characterized by comprising an access control terminal, a cloud end and a client;
the access control terminal sends request information for opening the access control to the cloud end, the cloud end sends the request information to the client end, and a user uses the client end to determine whether to open the access control.
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