CN116338715A - Quantum laser radar based on time phase - Google Patents
Quantum laser radar based on time phase Download PDFInfo
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/86—Combinations of lidar systems with systems other than lidar, radar or sonar, e.g. with direction finders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4814—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of transmitters alone
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4816—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of receivers alone
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/484—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/70—Photonic quantum communication
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Abstract
The quantum laser radar based on the time phase, provided by the embodiment of the invention, is characterized in that a transmitting and receiving chip is manufactured by a silicon-based photoelectronic integration technology compatible with a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) process, and the advantage of chip formation is that the quantum laser radar based on the time phase is small in size, light in weight, low in energy consumption and more practical. The core chip of the quantum laser radar and the quantum secret communication system manufactured by adopting the integration technology has the advantages of small volume, high precision, high speed, low energy consumption and the like, and the chip can be used for the quantum laser radar and the quantum secret communication.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical imaging, in particular to a quantum laser radar based on time phase.
Background
The quantum technology is combined with the laser radar and optical communication, so that novel quantum laser radar and quantum secret communication are generated. The quantum laser radar is a quantum sensor which modulates quantum information into a laser radar signal, transmits or receives an optical quantum signal so as to realize target detection, can be used for detecting, identifying and distinguishing a radio frequency stealth platform, a weapon system and the like, has extremely long detection distance in theory, has higher sensitivity, better concealment and stronger anti-interference capability, and can be used for planetary defense and space detection. Just like the laser radar can be used for space optical communication, the quantum laser radar can also be used for space quantum secret communication, and the functions of capturing, tracking and aligning are also realized while the secret is ensured.
At present, quantum laser radars are built by discrete devices, so that the system is large in volume and poor in environment interference resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the invention provides a quantum laser radar based on time phase.
The embodiment of the invention provides a quantum laser radar based on time phase, which comprises a transmitting chip and a receiving chip,
the transmitting chip includes:
the first beam splitter is used for dividing the pulse light source into two beams, namely a first path of pulse light and a second path of pulse light;
the first time delay component is connected with the first beam splitter and is used for carrying out time delay on the first path of pulse light;
the first phase adjusting component is connected with the first beam splitter and is used for configuring additional phases for the second path of pulse light;
the first light beam mixing component is respectively connected with the first time delay component and the first phase modulation component and is used for carrying out light beam mixing on the first path of pulse light and the second path of pulse light to obtain a first pulse light beam, and the first pulse light beam is provided with two pulses;
a first optical phased array connected to the first beam mixing assembly for transmitting the first pulsed beam into free space;
the receiving chip includes:
a second optical phased array for collecting the first pulsed light beam;
the second beam splitter is connected with the second optical phased array and used for splitting the first pulse beam to obtain a third path of pulse light and a fourth path of pulse light;
the second time delay component is connected with the second beam splitter and is used for time delaying the third path of pulse light;
the second phase adjusting component is connected with the second beam splitter and is used for configuring additional phases for the fourth path of pulse light;
the second light beam mixing component is respectively connected with the second time delay component and the second phase modulation component and is used for carrying out light beam mixing on the third path of pulse light and the fourth path of pulse light to obtain a second pulse light beam, and the second pulse light beam is provided with three pulses;
and the second photoelectric detector is connected with the second light beam mixing component and is used for carrying out photoelectric conversion on the second pulse light beam.
As an alternative, the transmitting chip further includes a third phase modulation component for configuring an additional phase for the first pulse beam, an amplitude modulator for balancing the amplitude between the pulses of light, the first photodetector for detecting the pulse information of the first pulse beam in real time on line, and a first coupler for coupling the optical signal of the laser into the optical waveguide of the chip, where the third phase modulation component is connected to the first time delay component and the first beam mixing component, the amplitude modulator is connected to the first phase modulation component and the first beam mixing component, the first photodetector is connected to the first beam mixing component, the fourth phase modulation component is connected to the second beam splitter and the second time delay component, and the second amplitude modulator is connected to the second beam splitter and the second phase modulation component, respectively.
As an alternative, the receiving chip further includes a second coupler for detecting the optical signal to check the performance of the receiving chip, a fourth phase adjustment component for configuring an additional phase for the third pulse beam, and a second amplitude modulator for balancing the amplitude between the optical pulses, where the second coupler is connected to the second beam splitter, and the second photodetector is a balanced photodetector, and specifically includes two sub photodetectors.
As an alternative, the first time delay component and the second time delay component adopt the same time delay line, delay time is the same, and the time delay line comprises a 1×n optical switch, an n×1 optical switch and N first delay lines with different lengths in the middle, and the 1×n optical switch and the n×1 optical switch randomly select the delay lines according to external instructions.
As an alternative, the time delay line includes a 1×4 optical switch and a 4×1 optical switch, and four second delay lines generating fixed additional phase differences, and the phase differences between adjacent double pulses are respectively within 0 to 2 pi main complex angles: 0. pi/4, pi/2, 3 pi/4.
As an alternative, the transmitting chip further comprises a third photodetector for photoelectric conversion when used as a receiving chip, and the third photodetector is connected to the first beam splitter.
As an alternative, in quantum secret communication, the first optical phased array of the transmitting chip is replaced by a third coupler, and the third coupler and the second coupler are connected by adopting optical fibers.
The quantum laser radar based on the time phase, provided by the embodiment of the invention, is characterized in that a transmitting and receiving chip is manufactured by a silicon-based photoelectronic integration technology compatible with a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) process, and the advantage of chip formation is that the quantum laser radar based on the time phase is small in size, light in weight, low in energy consumption and more practical. The core chip of the quantum laser radar and the quantum secret communication system manufactured by adopting the integration technology has the advantages of small volume, high precision, high speed, low energy consumption and the like, and the chip can be used for the quantum laser radar and the quantum secret communication.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a quantum laser radar based on time phase according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a quantum laser radar based on time phase according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a quantum laser radar based on another time phase according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a time delay line in a quantum laser radar based on time phase according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a time delay line in a quantum laser radar based on time phase according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a time delay line in another quantum laser radar based on time phase according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a quantum laser radar based on time phase according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another quantum laser radar based on time phase according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: a transmitting chip 100, a first beam splitter 101, a first time delay component 102, a first phase adjustment component 103, a first beam mixing component 104, a first optical phased array 105, a third phase adjustment component 106, an amplitude modulator 107, a first photodetector 108, a first coupler 109, a third photodetector 110, and a third coupler 111;
a receiving chip 200, a second optical phased array 201, a second beam splitter 202, a second time delay component 203, a second phase adjustment component 204, a second beam mixing component 205, a second photodetector 206, a second coupler 207, a fourth phase adjustment component 208, and a second amplitude modulator 209;
a 1×N optical switch 311, an N×1 optical switch 313, and a delay line 312-1;
a 1×4 optical switch 321 and a 4×1 optical switch 323, second delay lines 322-1 to 322-4;
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
The terms first, second, third, fourth and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above drawings are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments described herein may be implemented in other sequences than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, a quantum laser radar based on time phase is provided, which includes a transmitting chip 100 and a receiving chip 200,
the transmitting chip 100 includes:
a first beam splitter 101, configured to split the pulse light source into two beams, which are a first path of pulse light and a second path of pulse light;
a first time delay component 102, connected to the first beam splitter 101, for performing a time delay on the first path of pulsed light;
a first phase adjustment component 103 connected to the first beam splitter 101, for configuring an additional phase for the second path of pulsed light;
the first light beam mixing component 104 is respectively connected with the first time delay component 102 and the first phase adjustment component 103, and is used for performing light beam mixing on the first path of pulse light and the second path of pulse light to obtain a first pulse light beam, wherein the first pulse light beam has two pulses;
the first optical phased array 105 is connected with the first light beam mixing component 104 and is used for emitting the first pulse light beam into free space, specifically, a pulse light source couples pulse light from a laser onto the emitting chip 100 through a coupler, the pulse light is divided into two beams by the first beam splitter 101, namely, a first pulse light and a second pulse light, respectively, and the two paths are respectively taken, wherein the first path is that the first pulse light passes through a delay line of the first time delay component 102, so that the first pulse light generates a certain time delay; the second path is that the second path pulse light passes through the first phase adjusting component 103, a phase is added to the second path pulse laser, and then two light beams are mixed through the first light beam mixing component 104, at the moment, each laser pulse is changed into two, the following pulse is taken along the first path, the preceding pulse is taken along the second path, the time difference of the two laser pulses is mainly caused by the time delay of the first path, and the time delay is required to be larger than the width of the light pulse, so that the two light pulses can be obviously separated; the phase difference between them is controlled by the second path phase modulator. These two laser pulses enter the first optical phased array 105 and are emitted into free space.
The receiving chip 200 includes:
a second optical phased array 201 for collecting the first pulsed light beam;
the second beam splitter 202 is connected with the second optical phased array and is used for splitting the first pulse beam to obtain a third path of pulse light and a fourth path of pulse light;
a second time delay component 203, connected to the second beam splitter 202, for time-delaying the third pulse light;
a second phase adjustment component 204 connected to the second beam splitter 202 for configuring an additional phase for the fourth path of pulsed light;
a second beam mixing component 205, connected to the second time delay component 203 and the second phase adjustment component 204, respectively, for performing beam mixing on the third path of pulse light and the fourth path of pulse light to obtain a second pulse beam, where the second pulse beam has three pulses;
and a second photodetector 206 connected to the second beam mixing assembly 205, for photoelectrically converting the second pulse beam. Specifically, the double pulse emitted by the transmitting chip 100 is reflected (or directly) by the space object and is collected by the second optical phased array 201 of the receiving chip 200, and enters the optical waveguide, and is further divided into two paths by the second beam splitter 202, wherein the third path is the third path of pulse light and the fourth path of pulse light respectively, the first path is the third path of pulse light, passes through the second time delay component 203, generates the same time delay, the second path is the fourth path of pulse light, passes through the second phase adjustment component 204, adds another phase to the pulse laser, and then mixes the two light beams by the second beam mixing component 205, at this time, the optical signal of the double pulse becomes three pulses, and the middle optical pulse is the coherent superposition of the two pulses, and the amplitude of the two pulses is determined by the phase added by the phase adjustment component in the second paths of the transmitting chip 100 and the receiving chip 200.
As shown in connection with fig. 3, in one embodiment, the transmitting chip 100 further includes a third phase adjustment component 106 for configuring an additional phase to the first pulse beam, an amplitude modulator 107 for balancing the amplitude between the pulses of light, the first photodetector 108 for detecting the pulse information of the first pulse beam on line in real time, and a first coupler 109 for coupling the optical signal of the laser into the optical waveguide of the chip, the third phase adjustment component 106 is connected to the first time delay component 102 and the first beam mixing component 104, respectively, the amplitude modulator 107 is connected to the first phase adjustment component 103 and the first beam mixing component 104, respectively, and the first photodetector 108 is connected to the first beam mixing component 104.
The coupler of the embodiment of the invention couples the optical signal of the laser into the optical waveguide of the silicon optical chip; the first beam splitter 101 adopts a 2×2 optical hybrid beam splitter, which can split light in two waveguides at one end into two waveguides at the other end, the first time delay component 102 and the generated delay time are larger than the width of the light pulse, and the first phase modulation component 103 and the third phase modulation component 106 are all phase modulators, although theoretically only one phase modulator can achieve the required effect, each path has one phase modulator, which can play a role of balancing phases and has a certain help to reduce the power consumption of phase modulation; the presence of the amplitude modulator 107 facilitates an amplitude balance between the light pulses. 400 is an optical phased array that radiates light from the chip into free space and changes the direction of radiation of the light electronically. The first photodetector 108 and the second photodetector 206 are photodetectors, and may be avalanche photodiodes (or single photon detectors) or PIN photodetectors, which are not limited thereto.
As shown in connection with fig. 4, in one embodiment, the receiving chip 200 further includes a fourth phase adjustment component 208 for configuring an additional phase to the third pulse beam, a second amplitude modulator 209 for balancing the amplitude between the pulses of light, the first photodetector 108 for real-time on-line detection of the pulse information of the first pulse beam, and a first coupler 109 for coupling the optical signal of the laser into the optical waveguide of the chip, the third phase adjustment component 106 is connected to the first time delay component 102 and the first beam mixing component 104, respectively, the amplitude modulator 107 is connected to the first phase adjustment component 103 and the first beam mixing component 104, respectively, and the first photodetector 108 is connected to the first beam mixing component 104.
As shown in connection with fig. 4, in one embodiment, the receiving chip 200 further includes a second coupler 207 for detecting an optical signal to check the performance of the receiving chip, a fourth phase adjustment component 208 for configuring an additional phase to the third pulse beam, and a second amplitude modulator 209 for balancing the amplitude between the optical pulses, where the second coupler 207 is connected to the second beam splitter 202, and the second photodetector 206 employs a balanced photodetector, specifically includes two sub-photodetectors, and the sensitivity of the balanced photodetector is higher than that of a single photodetector; the fourth phase adjustment component 208 is connected to the second beam splitter 202 and the second time delay component 203, respectively, and the second amplitude modulator 209 is connected to the second beam splitter 202 and the second phase adjustment component 204, respectively.
As shown in fig. 5, the first time delay component 103 and the second time delay component 203 use the same time delay line, the delay time is the same, and the interference immunity, confidentiality and identifiability of the quantum laser radar can be increased by changing the time delay method by using the fact that the delay time is the same, specifically, the time delay line includes a 1×n optical switch 311, an n×1 optical switch 313 and N first delay lines 312-1 … -N with different lengths in the middle, and the 1×n optical switch 311 and the n×1 optical switch 313 randomly select the delay lines according to external instructions.
In this embodiment, since the middle pulse is the result of interference among the three pulses, the phase difference thereof is controlled by the phase modulator of the transmitting and receiving chip, and when used as quantum secret communication, the BB84 protocol quantum secret communication needs to be rapidly switched among four phases, and the B92 protocol needs to be rapidly switched among two phases. The phase modulators on the transmitting chip 100 and the receiving chip 200 may adopt the structure shown in fig. 6, and the time delay line is composed of two optical switches 321 of 1×4 and 4×1, and four parts 322 for generating fixed additional phase differences, where the fixed additional phases are preset, so that the phase differences between the double pulses generated by the transmitting chip can be ensured to be respectively within the main complex angles of 0-2 pi: 0, pi/4, pi/2, 3 pi/4.
Referring to fig. 6, the time delay line includes 1×4 optical switches 321 and 4×1 optical switches 323 and four second delay lines 322-1 to 322-4 generating fixed additional phase differences, and the phase differences between adjacent double pulses are respectively within 0 to 2 pi main complex angles: 0. pi/4, pi/2, 3 pi/4.
As shown in fig. 7, the transmitting chip 100 further includes a third photodetector 110 for performing photoelectric conversion when it is a receiving chip, and the third photodetector 110 is connected to the first beam splitter 101.
In conjunction with fig. 8, when performing quantum secret communication, the first optical phased array of the transmitting chip 100 is replaced by a third coupler 111, and the third coupler 111 and the second coupler 207 are connected by using an optical fiber.
The quantum laser radar based on the time phase, provided by the embodiment of the invention, is characterized in that a transmitting and receiving chip is manufactured by a silicon-based photoelectronic integration technology compatible with a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) process, and the advantage of chip formation is that the quantum laser radar based on the time phase is small in size, light in weight, low in energy consumption and more practical. The core chip of the quantum laser radar and the quantum secret communication system manufactured by adopting the integration technology has the advantages of small volume, high precision, high speed, low energy consumption and the like, and the chip can be used for the quantum laser radar and the quantum secret communication.
It should be appreciated that various forms of the flows shown above may be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present disclosure may be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, so long as the desired result of the technical solution of the present disclosure is achieved, and the present disclosure is not limited herein.
The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives are possible, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A quantum laser radar based on time phase is characterized by comprising a transmitting chip and a receiving chip,
the transmitting chip includes:
the first beam splitter is used for dividing the pulse light source into two beams, namely a first path of pulse light and a second path of pulse light;
the first time delay component is connected with the first beam splitter and is used for carrying out time delay on the first path of pulse light;
the first phase adjusting component is connected with the first beam splitter and is used for configuring additional phases for the second path of pulse light;
the first light beam mixing component is respectively connected with the first time delay component and the first phase modulation component and is used for carrying out light beam mixing on the first path of pulse light and the second path of pulse light to obtain a first pulse light beam, and the first pulse light beam is provided with two pulses;
a first optical phased array connected to the first beam mixing assembly for transmitting the first pulsed beam into free space;
the receiving chip includes:
a second optical phased array for collecting the first pulsed light beam;
the second beam splitter is connected with the second optical phased array and used for splitting the first pulse beam to obtain a third path of pulse light and a fourth path of pulse light;
the second time delay component is connected with the second beam splitter and is used for time delaying the third path of pulse light;
the second phase adjusting component is connected with the second beam splitter and is used for configuring additional phases for the fourth path of pulse light;
the second light beam mixing component is respectively connected with the second time delay component and the second phase modulation component and is used for carrying out light beam mixing on the third path of pulse light and the fourth path of pulse light to obtain a second pulse light beam, and the second pulse light beam is provided with three pulses;
and the second photoelectric detector is connected with the second light beam mixing component and is used for carrying out photoelectric conversion on the second pulse light beam.
2. The time phase based quantum laser radar of claim 1, wherein the transmitting chip further comprises a third phase modulation component for configuring additional phases to the first path of pulsed light beam, an amplitude modulator for balancing amplitudes between pulses of light, the first photodetector for real-time on-line detection of first pulsed light beam pulse information, and a first coupler for coupling optical signals of a laser into an optical waveguide of the chip, the third phase modulation component being connected to the first time delay component and the first beam mixing component, respectively, the amplitude modulator being connected to the first phase modulation component and the first beam mixing component, respectively, the first photodetector being connected to the first beam mixing component.
3. The time phase based quantum lidar of claim 1, wherein the receiving chip further comprises a second coupler for detecting the optical signal to check the performance of the receiving chip, a fourth phase adjustment component for configuring the third pulse beam with additional phases, and a second amplitude modulator for balancing the amplitude between the optical pulses, the second coupler being connected to the second beam splitter, the second photodetector being a balanced photodetector, in particular comprising two sub-photodetectors.
4. The time phase based quantum laser radar of claim 1, wherein the first time delay component and the second time delay component employ the same time delay line, the delay times being the same, the time delay line comprising a 1 x N optical switch, an N x 1 optical switch, and an intermediate N first delay line of different lengths, the 1 x N optical switch and the N x 1 optical switch randomly selecting a delay line upon an external instruction.
5. The quantum laser radar of claim 4, wherein the time delay line comprises a 1 x 4 optical switch and a 4 x 1 optical switch and four second delay lines generating a fixed additional phase difference, and the phase differences between adjacent double pulses are respectively within 0-2 pi main complex angles: 0. pi/4, pi/2, 3 pi/4.
6. The time phase based quantum lidar of claim 1, wherein the transmitting chip further comprises a third photodetector for photoelectric conversion when acting as a receiving chip, the third photodetector being connected to the first beam splitter.
7. A time phase based quantum laser radar according to claim 3 wherein the first optical phased array of the transmitting chip is replaced with a third coupler in the quantum secret communication, the third coupler being connected to the second coupler by an optical fiber.
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