CN116306473B - PCBA dynamic function detection method and device - Google Patents
PCBA dynamic function detection method and device Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/30—Circuit design
- G06F30/39—Circuit design at the physical level
- G06F30/398—Design verification or optimisation, e.g. using design rule check [DRC], layout versus schematics [LVS] or finite element methods [FEM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2115/00—Details relating to the type of the circuit
- G06F2115/12—Printed circuit boards [PCB] or multi-chip modules [MCM]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a PCBA dynamic function detection method and a PCBA dynamic function detection device, comprising a model test system, a test bench, special test equipment and a PCBA dynamic function detection device of automatic test equipment; the invention combines digital twin behavior model modeling to perform PCBA dynamic function detection, performs power supply part test, detects whether the power supply works normally, and uses a comparator to test the voltage of each contact point of the power supply; testing ports and interfaces, and judging whether the short circuit and disconnection conditions exist to cause abnormality; the integrated circuit module IC and I/O read-write function test, the test content includes Flash test, EEPROM test, CPU test, SDRAM test, logicIC test; the special function test is used for detecting the infrared element and the external receiver of the PCBA, the advantages of the digital twin technology are utilized to avoid the extension of the turnover time and the increase of the cost caused by the redesign and the redesign of the circuit board, and the efficiency of the PCBA dynamic function detection process is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of PCBA dynamic functions, and particularly relates to a PCBA dynamic function detection method and device.
Background
The digital twin is to fully utilize data such as a physical model, sensor update, operation history and the like, integrate simulation processes of multiple disciplines, multiple physical quantities, multiple scales and multiple probabilities, and complete mapping in a virtual space, thereby reflecting the full life cycle process of corresponding entity equipment. Digital twinning is a beyond-the-reality concept that can be seen as a digital mapping system of one or more important, mutually dependent equipment systems. Digital twinning is a universally adapted theoretical technological system. Simulations have long been used in many industries to analyze the operation and/or performance of physical devices and systems prior to their construction and testing. The advantages of doing so are well known, including the ability to improve or modify the design, determine areas that may not meet performance objectives once actually embodied, and the ability to reduce or eliminate significant wasted costs when it is found that reconstruction is indeed necessary. Until recently, this development concept was mainly limited to data analysis or functional assessment. However, today, with the use of digital twinning, which is a copy of a physical device or process generated by digital or software, the opportunities for utilization are rapidly opening. This includes internet of things systems and industrial production where inputs are taken from sensors or simulated to analyze signal propagation and/or process flow.
Once defined by an engineer or developer, the goal of PCBA manufacturing is to produce a circuit board that meets the basic or design intent, which is typically communicated to the Contract Manufacturer (CM) by specifications in the following manner: design files or packages; however, in actual manufacturing and/or assembly processes, it is often found that modifications or additions to the file content are required, typically to make the circuit board design manufacturable, for advanced PCBA development, a method of looking at the twinning of the final circuit board prior to manufacture is implemented; let us explore how to use the advantages of digital twins technology to avoid the increase of turnover time and cost caused by the need of redesign and redesign of circuit boards, and for this reason we propose a method and device for detecting the dynamic function of PCBA to solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a PCBA dynamic function detection method and device, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a PCBA dynamic function detection method comprises the following steps:
Obtaining PCBA data manufacturing simulation, creating an ideal 3D digital image of a PCBA circuit board in the simulation, comparing the ideal 3D digital image with a PCBA design file, obtaining a data information difference, and using the data information difference to generate an image and data of a required circuit board design;
Model modeling of the PCBA is carried out based on a digital twin means, functional parts of the PCBA are divided according to modeling results, the PCBA comprises a power supply part, a port, an interface part and an integrated circuit module part, classification of test data is definitely carried out according to the functional parts of the PCBA, and test operation of each part is carried out according to the classification of the data;
Performing a power supply part test, detecting whether the power supply works normally or not, and testing the voltage of each contact point of the power supply by using a comparator; testing ports and interfaces, and judging whether the short circuit and disconnection conditions exist to cause abnormality; the integrated circuit module IC and I/O read-write function test, the test content includes Flash test, EEPROM test, CPU test, SDRAM test, logicIC test; and (3) testing special functions, namely detecting the infrared element of the PCBA and the external receiver.
Preferably, the obtaining PCBA data manufacturing simulation further includes, after generating the image and data of the desired circuit board design: checking whether the design complies with DFM and DFA, design errors and any problems that may adversely affect circuit board construction.
Preferably, the test content of the PCBA function test operation comprises voltage, current, power factor, frequency, duty cycle and position.
Preferably, PCBA functional testing involves analog, digital, memory, RF and power circuitry, typically with different test strategies, including a number of actual critical functional paths and structural verification, to make sure that there are no hardware errors to compensate for the missing parts of the previous test process; this requires that a large number of analog/digital stimuli be continually applied to the PCBA while monitoring the same number of analog/digital responses and fully controlling their execution, PCBA functional test systems and devices come in a variety of forms that have advantages and disadvantages in terms of cost, time, effectiveness and maintainability.
The invention also provides a PCBA dynamic function detection device based on the digital twin behavior model modeling, which comprises a model test system, a test bench, special test equipment and automatic test equipment.
Preferably, the model test system theoretically checks that a device functions the simplest way is to place it in the same model system or subsystem as the real environment and then see if it is working properly; if normal we can consider it good with great confidence, if not normal, the technician will perform the test hope to find the cause of the failure to guide the repair, but in practice this plug-in power-on approach has many drawbacks and is rarely effective, although it can sometimes be used as a complement to other test schemes.
Preferably, the test station is a conventional test environment including an excitation/response interface with the device under test, test sequences and controls specified by specific test protocols, excitation and response typically being provided by standard power supplies and laboratory equipment, dedicated switches, loads and terminal custom electronics, where the fixture is a very important part, providing proper signal paths and communication to the device under test; the fixture is custom made for each application and needs to be set in connection with manual operation, the test procedure and control is usually done manually, sometimes with the assistance of a PC, and is specified by written protocols or regulations, the test stand is connected to a specific product, which has the advantage of relatively low cost, simple equipment and poor flexibility in handling a variety of products.
Preferably, the special test equipment is a system for automating the operation of the test bench, and is controlled by a special bus and a programmable instrument, and the selection of the bus and the structure of the instrument is affected by the speed, the performance, the application condition, the cost and other factors; various instruments and general equipment are stacked in one or more vertical cabinets and then connected to the tested equipment, so that the automatic processing is realized, the setting time, the testing time and the overall operation are faster and easier than those of a manual test bench, STE can be expanded to meet various performance requirements, is commonly used in production or maintenance centers, and the STE is most obvious in overall cost: equipment investment cost, operating cost, and program development cost.
Preferably, the automatic test equipment is used as a very advanced and flexible scheme, can meet the test requirements of various products and programs, and is mainly different from ATE and STE in system integration, signal communication flexibility, value-added software and hardware, test-oriented language and graphic user interface.
Preferably, in addition to the advantages of comprehensive integration of the instrument, ATE provides a better solution for signal routing and connection, and ATE-specific backplanes in most cases include an analog bus that allows the instrument to be directly connected to any pin without complicating the internal and external leads; this flexibility can be extended to bring together the analog and digital channels, allowing the user to connect the digital or analog stimulus at any time, and to measure any pin of the receiver, with the result that not only is the cost greatly reduced, but the test procedure is easier to implement, and can be divided into: manual control PCBA function test, semi-automatic control PCBA function test and full-automatic control PCBA function test.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: compared with the prior art, the PCBA dynamic function detection method and device provided by the invention have the following advantages:
The invention combines digital twin behavior model modeling to perform PCBA dynamic function detection, performs power supply part test, detects whether the power supply works normally, and uses a comparator to test the voltage of each contact point of the power supply; testing ports and interfaces, and judging whether the short circuit and disconnection conditions exist to cause abnormality; the integrated circuit module IC and I/O read-write function test, the test content includes Flash test, EEPROM test, CPU test, SDRAM test, logicIC test; the special function test is carried out on the infrared element and the external receiver of the PCBA, and meanwhile, the PCBA dynamic function detection device comprising a model test system, a test board, special test equipment and automatic test equipment is combined, the advantages of the digital twin technology are utilized to avoid the extension of the turnover time and the increase of the cost caused by the redesign and redesign of the circuit board, and the efficiency of the PCBA dynamic function detection process is improved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a PCBA dynamic function detection method based on digital twin behavior model modeling of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The present invention provides an embodiment as shown in fig. 1:
a PCBA dynamic function detection method comprises the following steps:
Obtaining PCBA data manufacturing simulation, creating an ideal 3D digital image of a PCBA circuit board in the simulation, comparing the ideal 3D digital image with a PCBA design file, obtaining a data information difference, and using the data information difference to generate an image and data of a required circuit board design;
Model modeling of the PCBA is carried out based on a digital twin means, functional parts of the PCBA are divided according to modeling results, the PCBA comprises a power supply part, a port, an interface part and an integrated circuit module part, classification of test data is definitely carried out according to the functional parts of the PCBA, and test operation of each part is carried out according to the classification of the data;
Performing a power supply part test, detecting whether the power supply works normally or not, and testing the voltage of each contact point of the power supply by using a comparator; testing ports and interfaces, and judging whether the short circuit and disconnection conditions exist to cause abnormality; the integrated circuit module IC and I/O read-write function test, the test content includes Flash test, EEPROM test, CPU test, SDRAM test, logicIC test; and (3) testing special functions, namely detecting the infrared element of the PCBA and the external receiver.
In the process of obtaining PCBA data manufacturing simulation, after generating the image and data of the required circuit board design, the method further comprises the following steps: checking whether the design complies with DFM and DFA, design errors and any problems that may adversely affect circuit board construction.
The test content of the PCBA function test operation comprises voltage, current, power factor, frequency, duty ratio and position.
PCBA functional testing involves analog, digital, memory, RF and power circuitry, typically with different testing strategies, including a number of actual important functional paths and structural verification, to determine the absence of hardware errors to compensate for the missing portions of the previous testing process; this requires that a large number of analog/digital stimuli be continually applied to the PCBA while monitoring the same number of analog/digital responses and fully controlling their execution, PCBA functional test systems and devices come in a variety of forms that have advantages and disadvantages in terms of cost, time, effectiveness and maintainability.
The invention also provides a PCBA dynamic function detection device, which comprises a model test system, a test bench, special test equipment and automatic test equipment.
The simplest way for a model test system to theoretically verify the function of a device is to place it in the same model system or subsystem as the real environment and then see if it is working properly; if normal we can consider it good with great confidence, if not normal, the technician will perform the test hope to find the cause of the failure to guide the repair, but in practice this plug-in power-on approach has many drawbacks and is rarely effective, although it can sometimes be used as a complement to other test schemes.
The test stand is a conventional test environment including an excitation/response interface with the device under test, test sequences and controls specified by specific test protocols, excitation and response typically being provided by standard power supplies and laboratory equipment, specific switches, loads and terminal custom electronics, where the fixture is a very important part, providing proper signal paths and connectivity to the device under test; the fixture is custom made for each application and needs to be set in connection with manual operation, the test procedure and control is usually done manually, sometimes with the assistance of a PC, and is specified by written protocols or regulations, the test stand is connected to a specific product, which has the advantage of relatively low cost, simple equipment and poor flexibility in handling a variety of products.
The special test equipment is a system for automating the operation of the test bench, and controls the operation of the test bench through a special bus and a programmable instrument, so that the selection of the bus and the structure of the instrument is influenced by the speed, the performance, the applicable condition, the cost and other factors; various instruments and general equipment are stacked in one or more vertical cabinets and then connected to the tested equipment, so that the automatic processing is realized, the setting time, the testing time and the overall operation are faster and easier than those of a manual test bench, STE can be expanded to meet various performance requirements, is commonly used in production or maintenance centers, and the STE is most obvious in overall cost: equipment investment cost, operating cost, and program development cost.
The automatic test equipment is used as a very advanced and flexible scheme, can meet the test requirements of various products and programs, and is mainly distinguished between ATE and STE, wherein the system integration, the signal communication flexibility, the value-added software and hardware, the test-oriented language and the graphic user interface are realized; in addition to the advantages of comprehensive integration of the instrument, ATE can provide a better solution for signal routing and connection, and ATE-specific backplanes in most cases include an analog bus that allows the instrument to be directly connected to any pin without complicating the internal and external leads; this flexibility can be extended to bring together the analog and digital channels, allowing the user to connect the digital or analog stimulus at any time, and to measure any pin of the receiver, with the result that not only is the cost greatly reduced, but the test procedure is easier to implement, and can be divided into: manual control PCBA function test, semi-automatic control PCBA function test and full-automatic control PCBA function test.
In summary, the invention combines digital twin behavior model modeling to perform PCBA dynamic function detection, performs power supply part test to detect whether the power supply works normally, and uses a comparator to test the voltage of each contact of the power supply; testing ports and interfaces, and judging whether the short circuit and disconnection conditions exist to cause abnormality; the integrated circuit module IC and I/O read-write function test, the test content includes Flash test, EEPROM test, CPU test, SDRAM test, logicIC test; the special function test is carried out on the infrared element and the external receiver of the PCBA, and meanwhile, the PCBA dynamic function detection device comprising a model test system, a test board, special test equipment and automatic test equipment is combined, the advantages of the digital twin technology are utilized to avoid the extension of the turnover time and the increase of the cost caused by the redesign and redesign of the circuit board, and the efficiency of the PCBA dynamic function detection process is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A PCBA dynamic function detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Obtaining PCBA data manufacturing simulation, creating an ideal 3D digital image of a PCBA circuit board in the simulation, comparing the ideal 3D digital image with a PCBA design file, obtaining a data information difference, and using the data information difference to generate an image and data of a required circuit board design;
Model modeling of the PCBA is carried out based on a digital twin means, functional parts of the PCBA are divided according to modeling results, the PCBA comprises a power supply part, a port, an interface part and an integrated circuit module part, classification of test data is definitely carried out according to the functional parts of the PCBA, and test operation of each part is carried out according to the classification of the data;
Performing a power supply part test, detecting whether the power supply works normally or not, and testing the voltage of each contact point of the power supply by using a comparator; testing ports and interfaces, and judging whether the short circuit and disconnection conditions exist to cause abnormality; the integrated circuit module IC and I/O read-write function test, the test content includes Flash test, EEPROM test, CPU test, SDRAM test, logicIC test; and (3) testing special functions, namely detecting the infrared element of the PCBA and the external receiver.
2. The PCBA dynamic function detection method according to claim 1, wherein: the obtaining PCBA data manufacturing simulation further includes, after generating the image and data of the required circuit board design: check if the design meets DFM and DFA.
3. The PCBA dynamic function detection method according to claim 1, wherein: the test content of the PCBA function test operation comprises voltage, current, power factor, frequency, duty ratio and position.
4. A PCBA dynamic function detection method according to claim 3, wherein: the PCBA functional test involves analog, digital, memory, RF and power circuits, and different test strategies are adopted in the functional test process;
The test strategy comprises the steps of verifying the actual important functional paths and the structure, and determining that no hardware error exists to make up the missing part in the previous test process;
The PCBA function test process requires that a large amount of analog/digital stimulus be continuously applied to the PCBA while monitoring the same number of analog/digital responses and fully controlling the execution thereof.
5. An apparatus for a PCBA dynamic function testing method according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising: model test system, test bench, special test equipment and automatic test equipment; the special test equipment is a system for automating the operation of the test bench, and is controlled by a special bus and a programmable instrument; the automatic test equipment meets the test requirements of various PCBA products and programs, including system integration, signal communication flexibility, value-added software and hardware and test-oriented languages.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the model test system directly guides the PCBA to be detected into a model system or subsystem of the real environment and judges whether the PCBA works normally or not.
7. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the conventional test environment of the test bench includes an excitation/response interface with the device under test, test sequences and controls specified by the specific test protocol.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the excitation/response interface is provided by standard power supplies, laboratory instruments, dedicated switches, loads, and terminal custom electronics.
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