CN116303713A - Tropical crop germplasm resource tracing method based on blockchain and genomics - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of blockchains, in particular to a tropical crop germplasm resource tracing method based on blockchains and genomics. The system comprises a block chain management module, a resource management module, an article management module and a message management module; the block chain management module comprises a bottom supporting layer, a service management layer and an application layer, wherein the bottom supporting layer comprises a contract layer, an incentive layer, a consensus layer, a network layer and a data layer, the service management layer comprises an intelligent contract management API, a safety management API, an operation monitoring API, a query engine API and an access control API, and the application layer comprises a germplasm resource supervision party, a germplasm resource service party and a germplasm resource demand party; the resource management module comprises a centralized erection and a client, wherein the client comprises a tropical crop germplasm resource unified supervision platform, a tropical crop germplasm resource library and a tropical crop resource unified service platform; simple structure and reasonable design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of blockchains, in particular to a tropical crop germplasm resource tracing method based on blockchains and genomics.
Background
In the existing agricultural crop germplasm resource traceability system based on the blockchain, newly-added information of different links in the whole life cycle of germplasm resources can be packaged into a blockchain by adding a timestamp. Because the blockchain includes the information of the historical blocks during verification, the blocks form a time-sequence undisturbed chain, and specific data and time sequence information thereof can be queried by accessing the historical blocks, so that the method has natural traceability. In a typical blockchain system, data is permanently recorded in the chain, has a strong non-tamper-ability, and therefore must have absolute strict accuracy and correctness when it is being uplinked to avoid possible data modification. In the scenario of research and protection of germplasm resources for tropical crops, the above characteristics of blockchain technology severely limit flexibility, credibility, accuracy and universality of germplasm resource traceability: because the biodiversity of the tropical crops is significantly higher than that of the temperate crops and the cold-zone crops, the collection of the germplasm resources of the tropical crops has the characteristics of wide regions and various types, and the performance of the tropical crops of the same genus of the same family can have very significant differences in the properties. The collection of the tropical crop germplasm resource information is often characterized by separation of material object collection and information collection, and relatively high resource collection repetition rate and error rate. In addition, tropical crops have strong remodelling performance, and the difficulty and complexity of germplasm resource acquisition and discrimination are further increased. Therefore, the tropical crop germplasm resource information data may be subjected to more frequent adjustment, correction and even deletion, which provides a great challenge for the flexibility of data operation in a related blockchain system, and a new mechanism needs to be designed to solve the problem by combining with modern biotechnology such as genomics and the like, so that the accuracy of the tropical crop germplasm resource information can be improved, and the error and missed germplasm resource information records can be flexibly adjusted and even deleted. Therefore, the invention provides a tropical crop germplasm resource tracing method based on blockchain and genomics.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a tropical crop germplasm resource tracing method based on blockchain and genomics.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a tropical crop germplasm resource tracing method based on blockchain and genomics comprises a blockchain management module, a resource management module, an article management module and a message management module;
the block chain management module comprises a bottom supporting layer, a service management layer and an application layer, wherein the bottom supporting layer comprises a contract layer, an incentive layer, a consensus layer, a network layer and a data layer, the service management layer comprises an intelligent contract management API, a safety management API, an operation monitoring API, a query engine API and an access control API, and the application layer comprises a germplasm resource supervision party, a germplasm resource service party and a germplasm resource demand party;
the resource management module comprises centralized erection and a client, wherein the client comprises a tropical crop germplasm resource unified supervision platform, a tropical crop germplasm resource library and a tropical crop resource unified service platform.
As an optimization, the query engine and the API of access control include a germplasm resource data writing API, a germplasm resource data query API, a germplasm resource property writing API, a contract management API, an access control API, a genome sequencing API, a genome writing API, and a genome query API.
As optimization, the centralized erection module comprises a central CA node and a platform Order node, and the unified monitoring platform for the tropical crop germplasm resources comprises a monitoring party user, a monitoring party online system and a monitoring party Peer node; the tropical crop germplasm resource library comprises germplasm resource owner users, a germplasm resource owner online system and owner Peer nodes; the tropical crop resource unified service platform comprises a germplasm resource requiring party user, a unified service platform and a service party Peer node.
As optimization, the tropical crop germplasm resource unified supervision platform, the tropical crop resource unified service platform of the tropical crop germplasm resource library and the centralized erection module are used for information transmission through GRPC and HTTPS.
As an optimization, the resource management module comprises a statistical classification of germplasm resources, a germplasm nursery library, germplasm news and characteristic resources.
As an optimization of this process,
s1: the method comprises the steps that a client sends a request to collect germplasm resources, service operation of a central CA node and a platform Order node in a centralized erection module is activated, and after the central CA node and the platform Order node receive the request, a three-stage protocol is started to send a broadcast request to a supervisor Peer node, an all-party Peer node and a service Peer node;
s2: germplasm resource storage, a unified monitoring platform for tropical crop germplasm resources, a unified service platform for tropical crop germplasm resources and a unified service platform for tropical crop resources operate the same intelligent contract, audit records are carried out on germplasm resource operation information submitted to a central CA node and a platform Order node in a centralized erection module, and all behaviors of germplasm resource operation are restrained, managed and recorded by the intelligent contract;
s3: performing germplasm resource identification, wherein effective germplasm resources and ineffective germplasm resources are respectively located;
s4: performing germplasm resource sharing on the effective germplasm resources;
s5: the latest state of the resource can be inquired through the block chain management module, if the latest state is invalid, the inquiry result is invalid, and if the latest state of the resource is not invalid, the state of the resource can be traced.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the tropical crop germplasm resource tracing method based on the blockchain and genomics provided by the invention realizes the accurate uplink of the tropical crop germplasm resource information data, and can flexibly realize the logic modification and logic deletion of missed and missing germplasm resource information data blocks;
the system effectively solves the problem of space-time separation of collection and identification of tropical crop germplasm resources and uplink, improves the accuracy and the accuracy of germplasm resource information data, and finally realizes safe, flexible and reliable tracing of the tropical crop germplasm resources, and has simple structure and reasonable design;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a BTCGRM hierarchy of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the PBFT consensus algorithm of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data logic chain flow in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a BTCGRM architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a core flow chart of a tropical crop germplasm resource management system according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a system front page diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
1-6, a tropical crop germplasm resource tracing method based on blockchain and genomics comprises a blockchain management module, a resource management module, an article management module and a message management module;
the block chain management module comprises a bottom supporting layer, a service management layer and an application layer, wherein the bottom supporting layer comprises a contract layer, an incentive layer, a consensus layer, a network layer and a data layer, the service management layer comprises an intelligent contract management API, a safety management API, an operation monitoring API, a query engine API and an access control API, and the application layer comprises a germplasm resource supervision party, a germplasm resource service party and a germplasm resource demand party;
in order to meet the two requirements of easy management and control of tropical crop germplasm resources and flexible and reliable service, four roles are set in the tropical crop germplasm resource management and service blockchain:
germplasm resource supervision: by means of a China science and technology resource sharing network and a Tropical crop variety resource research institute of China Tropical agricultural academy, a germplasm resource supervision platform is jointly built, management and assessment functions are exercised, and the management tasks comprise germplasm resource acquisition, monitoring and statistics, germplasm resource circulation, monitoring and statistics, germplasm resource data quality evaluation, user satisfaction investigation, service performance monitoring and other specific management tasks;
germplasm resource service side: and a germplasm resource service platform is jointly built by depending on a China science and technology resource sharing network and a Tropical crop variety resource research institute of China Tropical agricultural academy of sciences. Other institutions providing various services for the germplasm resource demand users are also included, including established national tropical plant germplasm resource libraries, germplasm resource libraries of other social fund construction, various breeding institutions and the like. The germplasm resource library and the institutions all should establish an online service system (such as a website) of the institutions;
germplasm resource owners: the property rights of the germplasm resources or all the rights and interests of other types can be independently added into germplasm resource management and service block chain, and the agent of the germplasm resource service party can be entrusted. In some cases, the germplasm resource service side may hold the ownership of germplasm resources, and at this time, the germplasm resource service side and the owner have dual roles;
the resource demand user: end users of germplasm resources include (domestic, foreign) scientific institutions, businesses or individuals, and the like.
The bottom layer support layer provides a block chain support technology which comprises a data storage structure, network communication, a consensus algorithm, an incentive mode, an intelligent contract execution environment and other core technologies, and realizes elastic storage management, hot plug database management, container management, cluster management and the like; the service management layer comprises core services such as intelligent contract management, security management, operation monitoring, query engines, blockchain development SDK and the like, and provides APIs for blockchain data access and modification, intelligent contract management and access control for the upper layer; the application layer builds application oriented to germplasm resource management and service, and is also the core of interaction between the resource management system and the blockchain system.
The resource management module comprises a centralized erection and a client, wherein the client comprises a tropical crop germplasm resource unified supervision platform, a tropical crop germplasm resource library and a tropical crop resource unified service platform, and the centralized erection, the tropical crop germplasm resource unified supervision platform, the tropical crop germplasm resource library and the tropical crop resource unified service platform perform data transmission through HTTPS and GRPC.
In this embodiment, the query engine and the access control API include a germplasm resource data writing API, a germplasm resource data query API, a germplasm resource property writing API, a contract management API, an access control API, a genome sequencing API, a genome writing API, and a genome query API.
In this embodiment, the centralized erection module includes a central CA node and a platform Order node, and the unified supervision platform for tropical crop germplasm resources includes a supervisor user, a supervisor online system, and a supervisor Peer node; the tropical crop germplasm resource library comprises germplasm resource owner users, a germplasm resource owner online system and owner Peer nodes; the tropical crop resource unified service platform comprises a germplasm resource requiring party user, a unified service platform and a service party Peer node.
CA node: the main task is to realize the authorization authentication of the nodes by issuing certificates to all the nodes (including the end users at the upper layer) in the joining chain, each node uses the certificates as the identity recognition in the transaction flow, wherein the steps of authenticating the identity legitimacy through the certificates are as follows:
the client side verifies the validity of the certificate after receiving the certificate; the client uses the local public key to decrypt the certificate transmitted by the server to obtain a certificate plaintext and a digital signature; c, decrypting the digital signature by the CA public key, and taking the digital signature to the digital abstract; generating a digital abstract by using the hash certificate in a plaintext manner; e, checking whether the digital digests are the same (if the digital digests are the same, the digital digests represent that the certificate plaintext is not tampered); f, taking the public key of the server, and utilizing the public key to exchange the symmetric key for subsequent encrypted communication;
peer node: the main body participating in the transaction, representing each member participating in the chain, is responsible for storing complete account book data, namely blockchain data and is responsible for executing intelligent contracts in a consensus link. The peer node maintaining the complete ledger data is called Committer, and is determined according to a specific business division endorsement policy. Each member participating in the chain is a Peer node, is a main body participating in transactions, is responsible for storing complete account book data, namely blockchain data, and is responsible for executing intelligent contracts in a consensus link. Wherein the nodes can be classified into an endoser (endorsement node) and a Committer (accounting node) that maintains complete ledger data according to their different roles in the transaction.
Orderer node: the main function is to collect transaction requests in the network and sort the transactions (the sorting principle is FIFS (FirstInFirstServed), which is determined by the time to Orderer, so as to ensure the consistency of data on each Peer node), and then package the transaction requests to generate new blocks, and further comprises ACL access control.
Client: fabric provides SDKs for various types of end users, and developers can use the SDKs to initiate transactions, and can more easily interface to transaction links within the blockchain.
In this embodiment, the unified tropical crop resources supervision platform, the unified tropical crop resources service platform of the tropical crop germplasm resources library and the centralized erection module perform information transmission through GRPC and HTTPS.
In this embodiment, the resource management module includes a statistical classification of germplasm resources, a germplasm nursery library, germplasm news, and feature resources.
In the present embodiment of the present invention, in the present embodiment,
various types of operations (collection, saving, authentication, browsing, trading, etc.) on germplasm resources are accomplished by executing transactions generated by different smart contracts. The BTCGRM architecture is a alliance chain and consists of different-place multi-nodes, nodes form consensus by using PBFT (PracticalByzantineFaultTolerance) algorithm, the operation flow of the algorithm forming the consensus is shown in figure 2, wherein C is a client, 0-3 represents service nodes, in particular, 0 is a master node, and 3 is a fault node.
S1: the method comprises the steps that a client sends a request to collect germplasm resources, service operation of a central CA node and a platform Order node in a centralized erection module is activated, and after the central CA node and the platform Order node receive the request, a three-stage protocol is started to send a broadcast request to a supervisor Peer node, an all-party Peer node and a service Peer node;
s2: germplasm resource storage, a unified monitoring platform for tropical crop germplasm resources, a unified service platform for tropical crop germplasm resources and a unified service platform for tropical crop resources operate the same intelligent contract, audit records are carried out on germplasm resource operation information submitted to a central CA node and a platform Order node in a centralized erection module, and all behaviors of germplasm resource operation are restrained, managed and recorded by the intelligent contract;
s3: performing germplasm resource identification, wherein effective germplasm resources and ineffective germplasm resources are respectively located;
s4: performing germplasm resource sharing on the effective germplasm resources;
s5: the latest state of the resource can be inquired through the block chain management module, if the latest state is invalid, the inquiry result is invalid, and if the latest state of the resource is not invalid, the state of the resource can be traced.
System page
The testing environment of the invention is a MacOS system, which is operated on a Macmini8G512G version computer, a tropical crop germplasm resource management service system is built by using Java language,
users can log in websites to search the needed germplasm resources, and can also check the statistical classification of the germplasm resources, the germplasm nursery library, the germplasm news and the characteristic resources, and can contact a system administrator in the modes of QQ, telephone and the like. The manager publishes the current news in a news information column, and a news detail page contains information such as the current position, news headline, news content, information sources, publishing time, browsing amount and the like, and the data are acquired from a database in real time, so that the timeliness of news and the controllability of publishing content are ensured.
Meanwhile, a system administrator can realize the functions of news release, germplasm resource management, new addition, identification, uplink and the like in the background of the system. The germplasm resource information is submitted by an administrator or a user, and is submitted to a blockchain through executing intelligent contracts, generating transactions and packaging into blocks, so that the consensus is achieved, and uploading, downloading, transmitting, authorizing and other process information of germplasm resources are stored in the blocks of the blockchain network, and the modules comprise germplasm resource basic information, collecting information, storing information, identifying information, sharing information and the like.
The system mainly comprises a resource management module, an article management module, a message management module, a block chain management module and the like, and each module is mainly responsible for the following functions:
and a resource management module: for all germplasm resources which are brought into system management and service, each side of the germplasm resources should provide detailed data of the germplasm resources in each link of the whole life cycle, including operation records of acquisition, cultivation, utilization and the like and related data;
article management module function: writing and publishing articles such as news and science and technology consultation in the system;
message management module function: responsible for germ plasm resource feedback, opinion submitting treatment and the like;
blockchain management module functions: the method is mainly responsible for germplasm resource tracing, intelligent contract deployment, block link point management, block information inquiry and the like;
in the system, the resource management roles are mainly divided into: an acquirer, a discriminator, a preservative, a sharing person, a blockchain manager, and an average person.
The collector: the information acquisition of outdoor germplasm resources is responsible;
the discriminator: identifying and evaluating information acquired by acquisition personnel;
saving staff: adding additional information to the identification information of the discriminator, and storing and warehousing;
sharing personnel: selecting whether germplasm resources are shared externally;
blockchain manager: performing a chaining operation on the finally entered resources;
the average person: common access to the system, such as viewing shared resources, etc.
Working principle: the tropical crop germplasm resource tracing method based on blockchain and genomics provided by the invention comprises the steps of firstly collecting germplasm resources, then storing germplasm resources, then identifying germplasm resources and finally sharing germplasm resources; the system can be logged in again to inquire and trace the needed germplasm resources.
The invention is based on the current management situation of tropical crop germplasm resources in China, and based on the modern biotechnology such as blockchain technology and genomics, the accurate uplink of the tropical crop germplasm resource information data is realized by establishing a data confirmation mechanism and a data logic chain on the blockchain, the logic modification and logic deletion of missed and missing germplasm resource information data blocks can be flexibly realized, the problems of acquisition and identification of the tropical crop germplasm resources and the time-space separation of the uplink are effectively solved, the accuracy and the accuracy of germplasm resource information data are improved, and finally the safe, flexible and reliable traceability of the tropical crop germplasm resources is realized.
The foregoing embodiments are merely examples of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the forms and styles of the foregoing embodiments, and any suitable changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art, which are consistent with the claims of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A tropical crop germplasm resource tracing method based on blockchain and genomics is characterized in that: the system comprises a block chain management module, a resource management module, an article management module and a message management module;
the block chain management module comprises a bottom supporting layer, a service management layer and an application layer, wherein the bottom supporting layer comprises a contract layer, an incentive layer, a consensus layer, a network layer and a data layer, the service management layer comprises an intelligent contract management API, a safety management API, an operation monitoring API, a query engine API and an access control API, and the application layer comprises a germplasm resource supervision party, a germplasm resource service party and a germplasm resource demand party;
the resource management module comprises centralized erection and a client, wherein the client comprises a tropical crop germplasm resource unified supervision platform, a tropical crop germplasm resource library and a tropical crop resource unified service platform.
2. The method for tracing the germplasm resources of a tropical crop based on blockchain and genomics according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the query engine and the access control APIs comprise a germplasm resource data writing API, a germplasm resource data query API, a germplasm resource property writing API, a contract management API, an access control API, a genome sequencing API, a genome writing API and a genome query API.
3. The method for tracing the germplasm resources of a tropical crop based on blockchain and genomics according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the centralized erection module comprises a central CA node and a platform Order node, and the unified monitoring platform for the germplasm resources of the tropical crops comprises a monitoring party user, a monitoring party online system and a monitoring party Peer node; the tropical crop germplasm resource library comprises germplasm resource owner users, a germplasm resource owner online system and owner Peer nodes; the tropical crop resource unified service platform comprises a germplasm resource requiring party user, a unified service platform and a service party Peer node.
4. A blockchain and genomics-based tropical crop germplasm resource tracing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: and the tropical crop germplasm resource unified supervision platform, the tropical crop resource unified service platform of the tropical crop germplasm resource library and the centralized erection module are used for information transmission through GRPC and HTTPS.
5. The method for tracing the germplasm resources of a tropical crop based on blockchain and genomics according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the resource management module comprises statistical classification of germplasm resources, a germplasm nursery library, germplasm news and characteristic resources.
6. A blockchain and genomics-based tropical crop germplasm resource tracing method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
s1: the method comprises the steps that a client sends a request to collect germplasm resources, service operation of a central CA node and a platform Order node in a centralized erection module is activated, and after the central CA node and the platform Order node receive the request, a three-stage protocol is started to send a broadcast request to a supervisor Peer node, an all-party Peer node and a service Peer node;
s2: germplasm resource storage, a unified monitoring platform for tropical crop germplasm resources, a unified service platform for tropical crop germplasm resources and a unified service platform for tropical crop resources operate the same intelligent contract, audit records are carried out on germplasm resource operation information submitted to a central CA node and a platform Order node in a centralized erection module, and all behaviors of germplasm resource operation are restrained, managed and recorded by the intelligent contract;
s3: performing germplasm resource identification, wherein effective germplasm resources and ineffective germplasm resources are respectively located;
s4: performing germplasm resource sharing on the effective germplasm resources;
s5: the latest state of the resource can be inquired through the block chain management module, if the latest state is invalid, the inquiry result is invalid, and if the latest state of the resource is not invalid, the state of the resource can be traced.
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| CN116502962B (en) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-11-07 | 乐番农业科技(北京)有限公司 | Intelligent management method and system for plant germplasm resources |
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